WO2011052508A1 - Conduit et système de chauffage d'eau présentant ledit conduit - Google Patents

Conduit et système de chauffage d'eau présentant ledit conduit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011052508A1
WO2011052508A1 PCT/JP2010/068731 JP2010068731W WO2011052508A1 WO 2011052508 A1 WO2011052508 A1 WO 2011052508A1 JP 2010068731 W JP2010068731 W JP 2010068731W WO 2011052508 A1 WO2011052508 A1 WO 2011052508A1
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Prior art keywords
pipe
photoelectric conversion
conversion element
water
layer
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PCT/JP2010/068731
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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岳仁 加藤
大西　敏博
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住友化学株式会社
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Publication of WO2011052508A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011052508A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
    • H01L31/035272—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/035281—Shape of the body
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
    • H10K30/53—Photovoltaic [PV] devices in the form of fibres or tubes, e.g. photovoltaic fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/40—Photovoltaic [PV] modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2103/00—Thermal aspects of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2103/10—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units
    • F24D2103/13—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units characterised by their heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/09—Arrangements for reinforcement of solar collector elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pipe including an organic photoelectric conversion element, a hot water system and a building including the pipe, and use of the pipe for a temperature riser.
  • the form that uses solar energy is broadly divided into a form that converts light into electrical energy and a form that uses heat.
  • a solar cell as the former form.
  • a photoelectric conversion element that converts sunlight into electrical energy is used to obtain electrical energy from sunlight.
  • a solar water heater for heating a medium such as water using solar heat
  • a solar power generator for operating a turbine using solar heat and obtaining electric energy by a generator.
  • a hybrid system combining both a power generation system using sunlight and a system using solar heat has been studied (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
  • a solar cell that is currently in practical use is an inorganic photoelectric conversion element that uses an inorganic semiconductor material in an active layer having photoelectric conversion activity.
  • Many of the solar cells that are currently put into practical use require expensive materials such as high-purity silicon, and the high cost is an obstacle to the widespread use of solar cells.
  • organic photoelectric conversion element using an organic compound in an active layer is being promoted for an inorganic photoelectric conversion element.
  • the organic photoelectric conversion element has advantages such as cost reduction and easy thinning, there are still many problems in terms of photoelectric conversion efficiency and durability.
  • the heat collecting part in the conventional solar water heater is a flat plate-shaped device capable of receiving sunlight over a wide area, and its installation location must be limited.
  • a hybrid system that combines both a power generation system that uses sunlight and a system that uses solar heat is a form that can effectively use both light and heat. Or it is the form which united the apparatus almost as it is, and the thing which a use form spreads conventionally is not devised about an installation place etc.
  • the present invention provides a pipe, a hot water system, and a building adopting the following configuration.
  • a pipe comprising a cylindrical pipe body and a sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element provided on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe body.
  • a light condensing layer is further provided on a light receiving surface of the organic photoelectric conversion element.
  • a heat transfer layer is provided between the organic photoelectric conversion element and an outer peripheral surface of the pipe body.
  • a hot water system comprising a water storage tank, a solar heat collector, and piping, A hot water system in which a part or all of the piping is constituted by the pipe according to any one of [1] to [3].
  • a solar heat collector that heats the fluid
  • a water tank having a heat exchange unit that exchanges heat between the fluid and water, and a fluid between the solar heat collector and the water tank.
  • a hot water system in which a part or all of the piping for delivering the fluid is configured by the pipe according to any one of [1] to [3].
  • a hot water system comprising an electric water heater, a solar cell module, and piping, A part or all of the piping is constituted by the pipe according to any one of the above [1] to [3], A hot water system in which both or any one of the photovoltaic power generation module and the pipe is electrically connected so that electric power can be supplied to the electric water heater.
  • a water cooling unit that absorbs heat generated in the solar power generation module and circulates water that cools the solar power generation module, and water that has absorbed heat from the solar power generation module is supplied to the electric water heater.
  • the hot water system according to the above [7] comprising a pipe connected in this manner.
  • a part or all of the piping from the water cooling unit to the electric water heater is constituted by the pipe according to any one of [1] to [3] above, [8] Hot water system as described in. [10] A building including the pipe according to any one of [1] to [3]. [11] Use of the pipe temperature riser according to any one of [1] to [3] above.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the pipe according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the long axis direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a basic layer configuration of the organic photoelectric conversion element.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a layer structure in the pipe according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a layer structure in the pipe of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an end view of the pipe according to the third embodiment of the present invention viewed from the long axis direction.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the pipe according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the long axis direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a system according to a seventh embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a system according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pipe 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the pipe 10 is configured by providing a sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical pipe body 15.
  • An organic photoelectric conversion element is a photoelectric conversion element containing an organic compound in an active layer for photoelectric conversion.
  • An organic photoelectric conversion element usually includes a pair of electrodes and an active layer containing an organic compound between the pair of electrodes.
  • the organic photoelectric conversion element can be made thin, and an easily deformable sheet can be adopted as the substrate of the element. Therefore, the organic photoelectric conversion element can be formed into a sheet shape, and the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element can be easily installed not only on the flat surface portion but also on the curved surface portion.
  • FIG. 2 shows an end view of the pipe 10 of the first embodiment viewed from the long axis direction.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 15 a of the pipe body 15 over the entire outer periphery of the pipe body 15.
  • the inside of the pipe body 15 is a cavity when not in use, and fluid flows into this cavity when in use.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 can receive sunlight and function as a heat collector. When the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is heated, heat can propagate from the outer peripheral surface 15a on the contact surface with the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 to the inner peripheral surface 15b with which the fluid contacts. Heat exchange can be performed between the photoelectric conversion element 20 and the fluid.
  • the fluid includes fluid such as gas and liquid.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 can function as a power generator by receiving sunlight by being electrically wired. Piping for delivering fluid is attached to various parts. Until now, piping has been ignored as a place to install a solar receiver. In fact, in the case of an inorganic photoelectric conversion element, it becomes a rigid element, and it is difficult to produce it so that it can be deformed as it is wound around a cylindrical pipe or the like. However, in this invention, a photoelectric conversion element can be installed in the site
  • the pipe body 15 and the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 can be prepared separately, and then the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 can be wound around the outer periphery of the pipe body 15 and installed. That is, the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 can be retrofitted to an existing pipe. Therefore, according to the present invention, the range of usage forms of sunlight is expanded.
  • the performance may be better when the element is at a high temperature.
  • the element when the photoelectric conversion function is exhibited, the element is at a low temperature. In some cases, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more easily maintained.
  • heat exchange is possible between the fluid flowing inside and the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20. Accordingly, the fluid flowing inside the pipe 10 is heated to raise the temperature, the temperature rise of the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 can be suppressed, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be kept good.
  • many organic photoelectric conversion elements are easily deteriorated by high temperatures. Therefore, by adopting the configuration of the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the organic photoelectric conversion element due to temperature.
  • the pipe 10 according to the first embodiment has a simple configuration, a function as a pipe for delivering a fluid, a function as a temperature riser that raises the temperature by adding heat to the fluid flowing in the pipe, and a power generator Multifunctionality such as the function of the generator and the cooling function of the generator.
  • the pipe 10 of 1st Embodiment can be used suitably as piping in the warming device aiming at the heating of a fluid.
  • the temperature riser is a device that raises the temperature of a fluid such as liquid or gas, and examples thereof include a water heater.
  • the pipe 10 shown in 1st Embodiment can be used suitably as piping of a water heater.
  • the pipe 10 shown in 1st Embodiment can be employ
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided over the entire outer periphery of the pipe body 15.
  • the degree of light hitting the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 10 may not be uniform, but from the viewpoint of heat exchange efficiency between the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 and the fluid flowing inside the pipe body 15. It is preferable that both have a large contact area. Therefore, when importance is attached to the heat exchange efficiency between the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 and the fluid flowing in the pipe body 15, the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided over the entire outer periphery of the pipe body 15. preferable.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 and the outer peripheral surface 15a of the pipe body 15 are closely fixed with an adhesive.
  • the method for fixing the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 to the pipe body 15 is not particularly limited, and the design can be changed as appropriate.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is wound around the outer periphery of the pipe body 15, and one side of the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element and the other side facing the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element are mechanically bonded with a fastener or an adhesive tape. It may be fixed to.
  • the organic photoelectric conversion element includes a pair of electrodes and an active layer containing an organic compound. Usually, the active layer is disposed between a pair of electrodes. In the photoelectric conversion element used in the present invention, the active layer is a layer having a function of generating electrical energy when activated by receiving light.
  • an organic composition of a p-type organic semiconductor and an n-type organic semiconductor Has a layer.
  • the operation mechanism of the photoelectric conversion element of this embodiment will be described.
  • Light energy incident from a transparent or translucent electrode is absorbed by an electron-accepting compound (n-type organic semiconductor) such as a fullerene derivative and / or an electron-donating compound (p-type organic semiconductor) such as a conjugated polymer compound. And excitons in which electrons and holes are combined.
  • the organic photoelectric conversion element is usually formed on a substrate.
  • the organic photoelectric conversion element in the present invention is in the form of a sheet and needs to be deformable so that it can be wound around the outer periphery of a cylindrical member (pipe main body). Therefore, when a substrate is provided on an organic photoelectric conversion element, the substrate can form an electrode on its main surface and does not change chemically when forming a layer constituting the element on the substrate.
  • a deformable member is used so that it can be wound around the outer periphery of a cylindrical member (pipe main body). Examples of the material for the substrate include plastics, polymer films, and silicon.
  • the opposite electrode (that is, the electrode far from the substrate) is preferably transparent or translucent.
  • the thickness of the substrate is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 5000 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 ⁇ m to 3000 ⁇ m.
  • An organic photoelectric conversion element has a light receiving region where light enters, and a layer interposed between the light receiving region and the active layer is configured to transmit incident light having a wavelength necessary for power generation.
  • the pair of electrodes is formed of a transparent or translucent electrode material.
  • the transparent or translucent electrode for example, a conductive metal oxide film, a translucent metal thin film, or the like can be used.
  • Specific examples of transparent or translucent electrode materials include indium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and composites thereof, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), NESA, etc. Gold, platinum, silver, copper, etc. are mentioned, and among these, ITO, indium / zinc / oxide, and tin oxide are preferable.
  • the other electrode may not be transparent, and as an electrode material of such an electrode, for example, a metal, a conductive polymer, or the like can be used.
  • the electrode material include metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum, scandium, vanadium, zinc, yttrium, indium, cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, ytterbium, and the like.
  • alloys Two or more of these alloys; one or more of the above metals and one or more metals selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, copper, manganese, titanium, cobalt, nickel, tungsten and tin; Alloys; and graphite, graphite intercalation compounds, polyaniline and derivatives thereof, polythiophene and derivatives thereof, and the like.
  • the alloy include magnesium-silver alloy, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, indium-silver alloy, lithium-aluminum alloy, lithium-magnesium alloy, lithium-indium alloy, and calcium-aluminum alloy.
  • the thickness of the electrode is not particularly limited as long as it can be deformed to such an extent that it can be wound around a cylindrical pipe body when it is formed into a sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element, but is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 5000 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 ⁇ m to 3000 ⁇ m.
  • Examples of the method for producing the electrode include a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, and a plating method.
  • organic transparent conductive films such as polyaniline and its derivative (s), polythiophene, and its derivative (s) as an electrode.
  • the active layer included in the photoelectric conversion element includes an electron donating compound and an electron accepting compound.
  • the electron-donating compound and the electron-accepting compound are relatively determined from the energy level of the energy level of these compounds.
  • an organic compound is included as one material constituting either or both of the electron-shared compound and the electron-accepting compound contained in the active layer.
  • the active layer may be a single layer or a laminate in which a plurality of layers are stacked.
  • Examples of the active layer include a pn heterojunction type in which a layer formed of a p-type semiconductor material (electron-donating layer) and a layer formed of an n-type semiconductor material (electron-accepting layer) are superimposed. It may be an active layer, or may be a bulk heterojunction type active layer in which a p-type semiconductor material and an n-type semiconductor material are mixed to form a bulk heterojunction structure.
  • electron donating compounds include pyrazoline derivatives, arylamine derivatives, stilbene derivatives, triphenyldiamine derivatives, oligothiophenes and derivatives thereof, polyvinylcarbazole and derivatives thereof, polysilanes and derivatives thereof, aromatic amines in the side chain or main chain And polysiloxane derivatives, polyaniline and derivatives thereof, polythiophene and derivatives thereof, polypyrrole and derivatives thereof, polyphenylene vinylene and derivatives thereof, polythienylene vinylene and derivatives thereof, and the like.
  • electron donating compounds include pyrazoline derivatives, arylamine derivatives, stilbene derivatives, triphenyldiamine derivatives, oligothiophenes and derivatives thereof, polyvinylcarbazole and derivatives thereof, polysilanes and derivatives thereof, aromatic amines in the side chain or main chain And polysiloxane derivatives, polyaniline and derivatives thereof, polythiophene and derivatives thereof, polypyrrole and derivatives thereof, polyphenylene vinylene and derivatives thereof, polythienylene vinylene and derivatives thereof, and the like.
  • oligothiophene and its derivatives are preferred, and poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is more preferred.
  • a compound having a structural unit represented by the following formula (1) is also preferable.
  • the compound having a structural unit represented by the formula (1) preferably further has a structural unit represented by the formula (2).
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are the same or different and represent a trivalent heterocyclic group.
  • R 3 and R 4 are the same or different, and R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkyloxy, alkylthio, aryl Group, aryloxy group, arylthio group, arylalkyl group, arylalkyloxy group, arylalkylthio group, acyl group, acyloxy group, amide group, acid imide group, imino group, amino group, substituted amino group, substituted silyl group, substituted A silyloxy group, a substituted silylthio group, a substituted silylamino group, a monovalent heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic oxy group, a heterocyclic thio group, an arylalkenyl group, an arylalkynyl group, a carboxyl group, or a cyano group is represented.
  • R 50 is a hydrogen group, halogen group, alkyl group, alkyloxy group, alkylthio group, aryl group, aryloxy group, arylthio group, arylalkyl group, arylalkyloxy group, arylalkylthio group, acyl group, acyloxy group, amide Group, acid imide group, imino group, amino group, substituted amino group, substituted silyl group, substituted silyloxy group, substituted silylthio group, substituted silylamino group, monovalent heterocyclic group, heterocyclic oxy group, heterocyclic thio group, aryl An alkenyl group, an arylalkynyl group, a carboxyl group or a cyano group is represented.
  • R 51 is an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, an alkyloxy group having 6 or more carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 6 or more carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, or an aryloxy group having 6 or more carbon atoms
  • X 1 and Ar 2 are bonded to the adjacent position of the heterocyclic ring contained in Ar 1
  • C (R 50 ) (R 51 ) and Ar 1 are bonded to the adjacent position of the heterocyclic ring contained in Ar 2. Yes.
  • examples of the compound having the structural unit represented by the formula (1) include a polymer (polymer compound B) represented by the following formula (5).
  • the electron donating compound a polymer compound having a polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight of 3,000 to 10,000,000 calculated using a standard polystyrene sample is preferable. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 3000, defects may occur in film formation at the time of device preparation, and if it is greater than 10000000, solubility in a solvent and applicability at the time of device preparation may be reduced.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the electron donating compound is more preferably 8000 to 5000000, and particularly preferably 10,000 to 1000000.
  • the electron donating compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • electron accepting compounds include oxadiazole derivatives, anthraquinodimethane and its derivatives, benzoquinone and its derivatives, naphthoquinone and its derivatives, anthraquinone and its derivatives, tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane and its derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, diphenyldicyanoethylene and derivatives thereof, diphenoquinone derivatives, metal complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline and its derivatives, polyquinoline and its derivatives, polyquinoxaline and its derivatives, polyfluorene and its derivatives, fullerene and derivatives thereof such as C 60 fullerene, bathocuproine etc.
  • Phenanthrene derivatives metal oxides such as titanium oxide, carbon nanotubes, and the like.
  • titanium oxide, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and fullerene derivatives are preferable, and fullerenes and fullerene derivatives are particularly preferable.
  • fullerene examples include C 60 fullerene, C 70 fullerene, C 76 fullerene, C 78 fullerene, such as C 84 fullerene, and the like.
  • the fullerene derivative C 60 fullerene, C 70 fullerene, C 76 fullerene, C 78 fullerene include derivatives of C 84 fullerenes.
  • Specific examples of the fullerene derivative include the following structures.
  • fullerene derivatives include [6,6] phenyl-C 61 butyric acid methyl ester (C 60 PCBM, [6,6] -Phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester), and [6,6] phenyl-C 71 butyric acid.
  • Methyl ester (C 70 PCBM, [6,6] -Phenyl C 71 butyric acid methyl ester), [6,6] Phenyl-C 85 butyric acid methyl ester (C 84 PCBM, [6,6] -Phenyl C 85 butyric acid methyl ester), and the like [6,6] thienyl -C 61 butyric acid methyl ester ([6,6] -Thienyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester).
  • the ratio of the fullerene derivative is preferably 10 parts by weight to 1000 parts by weight and preferably 20 parts by weight to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the electron donating compound. It is more preferable.
  • the thickness of the active layer is usually preferably 1 nm to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 nm to 1000 nm, still more preferably 5 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 20 nm to 200 nm.
  • the active layer may be manufactured by any method, and examples of the manufacturing method include a film forming method using a solution containing an organic compound and a film forming method by vacuum deposition.
  • a solvent capable of dissolving the material of the active layer may be appropriately selected.
  • solvents for dissolving organic compounds used in the active layer include unsaturated hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, mesitylene, tetralin, decalin, bicyclohexyl, butylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, etc.
  • Solvents carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chlorobutane, bromobutane, chloropentane, bromopentane, chlorohexane, bromohexane, chlorocyclohexane, bromocyclohexane, and other halogenated saturated hydrocarbon solvents, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, tri Examples thereof include halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents such as chlorobenzene and ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran.
  • spin coating method for film formation, spin coating method, casting method, micro gravure coating method, gravure coating method, bar coating method, roll coating method, wire bar coating method, dip coating method, spray coating method, screen printing method, gravure printing method, Application methods such as flexographic printing method, offset printing method, ink jet printing method, dispenser printing method, nozzle coating method, capillary coating method can be used, spin coating method, flexographic printing method, gravure printing method, ink jet printing method, dispenser A printing method is preferred.
  • An additional intermediate layer other than the active layer may be used as a means for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the intermediate layer is provided for the purpose of improving photoelectric conversion efficiency, for example.
  • examples of the intermediate layer include a charge transport layer (hole transport layer or electron transport layer), a charge block layer (hole block layer or electron block layer), and a buffer layer. It is done.
  • an alkali metal such as lithium fluoride (LiF), a halide of an alkaline earth metal, an oxide, or the like can be used.
  • fine particles of inorganic semiconductor such as titanium oxide, PEDOT (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), and the like can be given.
  • the method for forming the intermediate layer is not particularly limited, and various thin film forming methods can be appropriately selected in consideration of conditions such as the type of material and the thickness of the designed layer.
  • a method similar to the film forming method such as the above-described coating method is exemplified.
  • a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method), a plating method, or the like may be employed.
  • each intermediate layer is not particularly limited as long as it can be deformed to the extent that it can be wound around a cylindrical pipe body when a sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element is formed, but it is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m. More preferably, the thickness is 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the effective photoelectric conversion element 20 shown in FIG. 3 includes a pair of electrodes composed of a first electrode 32 and a second electrode 52, and an active layer 40 disposed between the pair of electrodes.
  • One of the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 52 serves as an anode, and the other serves as a cathode. Which electrode becomes the anode or the cathode can be arbitrarily designed.
  • a first intermediate layer 31 is provided between the first electrode 32 and the active layer 40.
  • a second intermediate layer 51 is provided between the second electrode 52 and the active layer 40.
  • the active layer 40 is a single layer.
  • the active layer 40 may be an active layer having a pn heterojunction type two-layer configuration, or to the bulk.
  • An active layer having a terror type single layer structure may be used.
  • the first intermediate layer 31 and the second intermediate layer 51 are arbitrary layers, and either one or both may be omitted. Further, in the layer configuration shown in FIG. 3, each intermediate layer is a single layer, but each intermediate layer may be composed of a plurality of layers.
  • the pattern of the layer structure that can be taken by the organic photoelectric conversion element is expressed as, for example, the following a) to h).
  • “electron supply layer / electron acceptor layer” represents a pn heterojunction active layer.
  • the layer configuration may be either a form in which the anode is provided on the side closer to the pipe body 15 or a form in which the cathode is provided on the side closer to the pipe body 15.
  • the intermediate layer can be various functional layers.
  • the intermediate layer include a charge transport layer, a charge block layer, and a buffer layer.
  • the intermediate layer provided between the anode and the active layer is a hole transport layer
  • the intermediate layer provided between the cathode and the active layer is an electron transport layer.
  • the intermediate layer provided between the anode and the active layer is an electron blocking layer
  • the intermediate layer provided between the cathode and the active layer is a hole blocking layer.
  • the organic photoelectric conversion element 20 used in the present invention may have any of the above layer configurations.
  • a sealing layer, a substrate, and the like can be further provided on the outer surface of the electrode of the organic photoelectric conversion element 20 (the surface farther from the pipe body 15) as necessary.
  • other configurations such as a protective film and an optical film may be provided.
  • a protective film, an optical film, or the like is further provided as a light collecting layer, the light collecting layer may be provided so as to be bonded to the light receiving surface of the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element.
  • FIG. 4 shows a layer configuration of the pipe 10 in which the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is attached to the outer peripheral surface 15a of the pipe 15 as the first embodiment.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 shown in FIG. 4 is arranged in order from the side closer to the pipe body 15 (lower in FIG. 4) to the side farther (upward in FIG. 4), the first substrate 35, the first electrode 32, The intermediate layer 31, the active layer 40, the second intermediate layer 51, the second electrode 52, the sealing layer 53, and the second substrate 55 are stacked.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is tightly fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe body 15 with an adhesive.
  • a portion where the adhesive is present is represented as an adhesive layer 19.
  • a layer (heat transfer layer) formed of a high heat transfer material is provided on the surface of the first substrate 35 facing the pipe body 15, and the heat conductivity to the pipe body 15 is provided. May be improved.
  • the material for forming the heat transfer layer include metals such as Cu, Ti, Fe, W, and Al, or expanded metals made of these metals.
  • the second substrate 55 forms a light receiving region, and light enters the active layer 40 from the light receiving surface 55 a that is the exposed surface of the second substrate 55.
  • the sealing layer 53 blocks each layer such as the second electrode 52 and the active layer 40 provided on the inner side (side closer to the pipe body 15) from the outside air.
  • the sealing layer 53 is preferably a layer impermeable to water, oxygen, or the like.
  • the first substrate 35 is appropriately designed according to the function of the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20.
  • the first substrate 35 provides a bonding surface with the pipe body 15.
  • the first substrate 35 may be used as a support substrate for sequentially laminating each layer at the time of manufacturing the element.
  • the first substrate 35 may be an insulating layer. Further, when importance is attached to the thermal conductivity with respect to the pipe body 15, the first substrate 35 may be provided as a layer having a high thermal conductivity.
  • the second substrate 55 can function as a protective layer for protecting the inside of the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20. Further, the second substrate 55 may be configured by an optical film. For example, as the second substrate 55, an optical film having a light collecting property or the like can be provided.
  • the organic photoelectric conversion element has a greater range of light utilization efficiency by condensing scattered light and radiation light on the active layer than the inorganic photoelectric conversion element.
  • an organic photoelectric conversion element since an organic photoelectric conversion element is employ
  • the adhesive used for adhesion between the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 and the pipe body 15 may be appropriately selected according to both materials. Moreover, since it is suitable to install the pipe of this invention in the place exposed to sunlight etc. for a long time, it is preferable that the contact bonding layer 19 has heat resistance.
  • the pipe body 15 is not particularly limited except that it is cylindrical. There is no restriction
  • various members used as fluid piping can be used. Examples of the pipe body 15 include a metal pipe, a plastic pipe, and a wooden pipe.
  • the pipe 10 of the present invention has a function of raising the temperature of the fluid flowing through the pipe body 15. Assuming that the pipe 10 of the present invention is used in the hot water system, for example, a plastic cylindrical member is suitable as the pipe body 15.
  • Second embodiment of the present invention (pipe) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • symbol is attached
  • the layer is comprised so that the pipe main body 15 and the 1st electrode 32 may contact
  • the first electrode 32 is made of a conductive material. Many conductive materials are excellent in thermal conductivity. Therefore, by providing the first electrode 32 in close contact with the pipe body 15, heat from the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 can be efficiently transmitted to the fluid flowing in the pipe body 15. That is, the first electrode 32 is also used as a heat transfer layer. According to 2nd Embodiment, while reducing the member called a board
  • the pipe body 15 is insulated. You may let the body play a role.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is used not only as a heat collector but also as a power generator, and the pipe body 15 is formed of a conductive material, It is preferable to provide an insulator on a part of the pipe body 15 formed.
  • Third embodiment of the present invention (pipe) A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • symbol is attached
  • the sheet-like photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided not on the entire circumference of the outer periphery of the pipe body 15 but on a substantially half circumference. That is, the sheet-like photoelectric organic conversion element may be provided in a part of the pipe body 15 according to a region where good light reception is possible.
  • the pipe 10 of this embodiment can be configured such that the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided only on the light receiving portion of the outer peripheral surface 15 a of the pipe body 15.
  • the pipe 10 of this embodiment is good also as a structure by which the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided in at least one part of the outer peripheral surface 15a of the pipe main body 15 in the light-receiving part.
  • FIG. 7 shows an outline of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • symbol is attached
  • the water storage tank 60 and the pipe 10 of the present invention are provided as part of the piping connected to the water storage tank 60.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a configuration in which part of the piping is the pipe 10 of the present invention, but the entire piping may be the pipe 10 of the present invention.
  • the pipe 10 is provided at a location upstream of the water storage tank 60 and capable of receiving outdoor sunlight.
  • the pipe 10 may be a water supply path to the water storage tank 60 and may be installed on the rooftop or may be installed on the ground.
  • the portion that cannot receive light is piped by a pipe body 15 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a normal pipe) in which the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is not provided.
  • the pipe 10 used in the hot water system has not only the configuration in which the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided only in the light receiving portion of the outer peripheral surface 15a of the pipe main body 15 as described above, but also the outer peripheral surface 15a of the pipe main body 15.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is provided in at least one part of the light-receiving part. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which provides the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 in the whole outer peripheral surface 15a including the part which cannot receive light (it is the same also in embodiment of the following hot water systems). According to the fourth embodiment, it is possible to warm water upstream of the water storage tank 60.
  • the water storage tank 60 may be a water heater having a function of heating water in the tank.
  • An example of such a water heater is an electric water heater.
  • the water storage tank 60 is an electric water heater, since the temperature of the water supplied to the electric water heater is high, the heating load by the electric water heater can be reduced, and the externally supplied power from a power plant or substation Contributes to power saving.
  • the pipe 10 can be supplied with electric power by the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20.
  • the electric power supplied from the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 may be used as electric power supplied to the electric water heater, or may be used as an auxiliary power source in a building where the hot water system is installed.
  • the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is demonstrating the photoelectric conversion function, it may be preferable from a viewpoint of photoelectric conversion efficiency to suppress the temperature rise of the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20.
  • heat is exchanged between the water flowing in the pipe 10 and the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20, the water is heated and used, and the temperature rise of the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is suppressed. The advantage that preferable photoelectric conversion efficiency can be maintained can be obtained.
  • FIG. 8 shows an outline of the fifth embodiment.
  • symbol is attached
  • the pipe 10 of the said this invention is provided as some piping connected with a solar water heater.
  • the entire piping may be the pipe 10 of the present invention.
  • the solar water heater shown in FIG. 8 is a natural circulation solar water heater, and includes a water storage tank 60 and a heat collecting plate (solar heat collector) 70, and the water storage tank 60 via the pipe body 15U and the pipe body 15D. Water circulates between the heat collector 70 and the heat collecting plate 70.
  • the natural circulation type solar water heater water is supplied from the water storage tank 60 through the pipe body 15U into the heat collecting plate, and the water circulates through the heat collecting plate to add heat, and the heated water passes through the pipe body 15D.
  • the cycle of returning to the water storage tank 60 proceeds by convection using solar heat.
  • Water is supplied to the water storage tank 60 through a pipe 10U connected upstream thereof, while water (hot water) heated through a pipe 10D connected downstream is delivered to the outside.
  • a pipe 10U upstream of the water storage tank 60
  • the temperature of the water supplied to the water storage tank 60 can be increased and supplied, and the time required for heating to the desired temperature can be shortened.
  • the pipe 10 ⁇ / b> D downstream of the water storage tank 60 it is possible to suppress the temperature drop of the hot water supplied from the water storage tank 60.
  • Natural circulation solar water heaters are generally installed in places where sunlight is well received, for example, on the rooftops of buildings. Therefore, by using the pipe 10 of the present invention in the pipe for supplying water to the natural circulation type solar water heater and the pipe for delivering hot water to the outside, more effective use of sunlight becomes possible.
  • FIG. 9 shows an outline of the sixth embodiment.
  • a mark is attached to drawing and description is abbreviate
  • the pipe 10 of the present invention is provided as a part of the pipe connected to the forced circulation solar water heater.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of a configuration in which a part of the piping is the pipe 10 of the present invention, but the entire piping may be the pipe 10 of the present invention.
  • the heat collecting plate 70 uses a fluid such as water or antifreeze.
  • the forced circulation solar water heater has a system for circulating fluid. Since the fluid only needs to be circulated, there is an advantage that the water storage tank does not necessarily need to be installed at a high position such as a rooftop with a heat collecting plate.
  • the fluid stored in the fluid tank 64 is pumped up to the heat collecting plate 70 by a pump, and the fluid heated by the heat collecting plate 70 is stored in the water storage tank (warm water).
  • the water that has been delivered to the heat exchanging unit 63 provided in the vessel 62 and stored in the water storage tank 62 is heated. Water is supplied to the water storage tank 62 from the pipe body 15U, and hot water is sent out from the pipe 15D.
  • the pipe 10U is provided in the upstream portion of the heat collecting plate 70 and the pipe 10D is provided in the downstream portion of the heat collecting plate 70 as a part of the pipe for delivering the fluid.
  • the fluid can be heated not only in the heat collecting plate 70 but also in the piping, so that the sunlight can be used efficiently.
  • FIG. 10 shows an outline of the seventh embodiment.
  • symbol is attached
  • 7th Embodiment is the form which combined the solar water heater provided with 60 A of 1st water storage tanks and the solar heat collecting plate 70, and the electric water heater as the 2nd water storage tank 60B.
  • the solar water heater provided with the first water tank 60A and the heat collecting plate 70 is the same as that shown in the fifth embodiment.
  • the solar water heater is installed in a place such as a rooftop of a building and receives direct sunlight.
  • a part of the piping for supplying water to the first water tank 60A is constituted by a pipe 10U (10), and the heated water is supplied to the first water tank 60A.
  • the second water tank 60B is an electric water heater. There are two paths for supplying water to the second water tank, one of which is supplied from the first water tank 60A and the other is supplied from an external water source.
  • a part of the pipe connecting the first water tank 60A and the second water tank is constituted by a pipe 10D (10), and the second water reservoir is heated while warming the warm water heated in the first water tank 60A.
  • Hot water can be supplied to the tank 60B.
  • Hot water is delivered from the second water tank 60B through the pipe body 15D.
  • the electric water heater that is the second water tank 60B can reheat the hot water supplied from the first water tank 60A or raise the temperature to a higher temperature than the hot water supplied from the first water tank. . Since the water supplied from the first water tank 60A to the electric water heater is warm water heated by the heat collecting plate 70 or the pipe 10D, it is possible to reduce the heating load by the electric water heater, Contributes to the power saving of externally supplied power supplied from substations.
  • the pipes 10U and 10D can also supply electric power by the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20, the electric power supplied from the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 is supplied to the electric water heater as the second water storage tank. It can be used as electric power, and can also be used as electric power in buildings where the hot water system is installed. Thus, effective use of sunlight is possible by combining the solar water heater, the electric water heater, and the pipe 10 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 shows an outline of the eighth embodiment.
  • symbol is attached
  • a solar-powered hybrid device 80 having a solar cell module 81 and a water cooling unit 83 for cooling the solar cell module 81 is provided.
  • the solar cell module 81 is configured by integrating a plurality of organic photoelectric conversion elements.
  • the solar-powered hybrid device 80 is installed in a place such as a rooftop of a building, for example, and receives direct sunlight.
  • the electric power supplied from the solar cell module 81 can be supplied to the building where the hot water system is installed and the electric water heater 66.
  • a water cooling unit 83 is provided to cool the solar cell module 81.
  • Water cooling unit 83 water is supplied from the outside through a pipe body 15U 1. Because water supplied to the water cooling unit 83 is used for the water cooling of the solar cell module 81, the pipe body 15U 1 without using the heating pipe of the present invention, it is constituted by a conventional pipe.
  • the water cooling unit 83 is piped so that water circulates in the unit 83, and water passes through the pipe 83 and absorbs heat generated from the solar cell module 81. In this way, the solar cell module 81 is cooled.
  • the water that has absorbed the heat is sent from the water cooling unit 83 to the electric water heater 66.
  • a pipe connecting the water cooling unit 83 and the electric water heater 66 is provided with a pipe 10D (10). Therefore, water that has absorbed heat by the water cooling unit 83 can be supplied to the electric water heater 66 while further heating.
  • the heating load in the electric water heater 66 can be reduced.
  • the pipe 10 ⁇ / b> D can also supply power by the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20, the power supplied from the sheet-like organic photoelectric conversion element 20 may be used as power to be supplied to the electric water heater 66. Alternatively, it can be used as electric power in a building where a hot water system is installed. In this way, by using the solar cell module 81 and the solar-powered hybrid device 80 having the water-cooling unit 83 for cooling the solar cell module 81 and the pipe 10D in combination, the solar light can be effectively used in a wide variety of ways.
  • Example 1 (Creation of an organic photoelectric conversion element)
  • the ITO film of a PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) film (substrate) on which an ITO film having a thickness of about 150 nm was formed by sputtering was patterned, washed with an organic solvent, an alkaline detergent, and ultrapure water and dried.
  • the PEN film provided with the patterned ITO film was subjected to UV-O 3 treatment using a UV-O 3 apparatus.
  • an orthodichlorobenzene solution having a weight ratio of 1: 0.8 between P3HT as an electron-donating polymer material and [5,6] -phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester ([5,6] -PCBM). was prepared.
  • the amount of P3HT added was 1% by weight with respect to orthodichlorobenzene.
  • filtration was performed with a 0.2 ⁇ m diameter filter.
  • the obtained solution was spin-coated and then dried in an N 2 atmosphere to form an active layer.
  • an LiF film having a thickness of about 2.3 nm and an Al film having a thickness of about 70 nm were formed in a resistance heating vapor deposition apparatus to form an electrode. Furthermore, the sealing process was given by adhere
  • an epoxy resin rapid hardening type Araldite
  • Example 2 (Creation of an organic photoelectric conversion element)
  • the PEN film ITO film on which an ITO film having a thickness of about 150 nm was formed by sputtering was patterned, washed with an organic solvent, an alkaline detergent, and ultrapure water, and dried.
  • the PEN film provided with the patterned ITO film was subjected to UV-O 3 treatment using a UV-O 3 apparatus.
  • an orthodichlorobenzene solution having a weight ratio of 1: 2 between the polymer compound A and [5,6] -phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester ([5,6] -PCBM) was prepared.
  • the amount of the polymer compound A added was 0.5% by weight with respect to orthodichlorobenzene.
  • the polymer compound A had a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 17,000 and a polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight of 5,000.
  • the light absorption edge wavelength of the polymer A was 925 nm.
  • An electrode was formed on the formed active layer by depositing a LiF film with a thickness of about 2.3 nm and an Al film with a thickness of about 70 nm in a resistance heating vapor deposition apparatus. Furthermore, the sealing process was given by adhere
  • an epoxy resin rapid hardening type Araldite
  • Example 3 (Creation of an organic photoelectric conversion element)
  • the PEN film ITO film on which an ITO film having a thickness of about 150 nm was formed by sputtering was patterned, washed with an organic solvent, an alkaline detergent, and ultrapure water, and dried.
  • the PEN film provided with the patterned ITO film was subjected to UV-O 3 treatment using a UV-O 3 apparatus.
  • an orthodichlorobenzene solution having a weight ratio of 1: 3 of polymer compound B as an electron-donating polymer material and [5,6] -phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester ([5,6] -PCBM) was prepared.
  • the amount of the polymer compound B added was 0.5% by weight with respect to the orthodichlorobenzene solution.
  • filtration was performed with a 0.2 ⁇ m diameter filter.
  • the obtained solution was spin-coated and then dried in an N 2 atmosphere to form an active layer.
  • an LiF film having a thickness of about 2.3 nm and an Al film having a thickness of about 70 nm were formed in a resistance heating vapor deposition apparatus to form an electrode. Furthermore, the sealing process was given by adhere
  • an epoxy resin rapid hardening type Araldite
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 3 a film-like organic thin-film solar cell produced by the same method as in Examples 1 to 3 was attached to a pipe that does not allow running water through a copper foil.
  • the efficiency retention of the organic thin film solar cells of Examples 1 to 3 was higher than the efficiency retention of the organic thin film solar cells of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. That is, the organic thin film solar cells of Examples 1 to 3 had higher durability.
  • the organic thin-film solar cell 60 minutes after the comparative example 2 was damaged by peeling by the thermal expansion of the film.
  • the pipe of the present invention has a function of increasing the temperature by adding heat to the fluid, it can be used for a hot water system or the like, and the solar energy can be effectively used.

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Abstract

L'éventail de modes d'utilisation de l'énergie solaire est étendu, et l'énergie solaire est utilisée efficacement. Un conduit (10) présentant un corps de conduit tubulaire (15) et un élément de conversion photoélectrique organique stratiforme (20) qui est installé sur la surface périphérique extérieure du conduit peut être utilisé pour des systèmes de chauffage d'eau et des bâtiments.
PCT/JP2010/068731 2009-10-30 2010-10-22 Conduit et système de chauffage d'eau présentant ledit conduit WO2011052508A1 (fr)

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EP2828898A1 (fr) * 2012-08-10 2015-01-28 Dimerond Technologies, LLC Cellules solaires avec c urs en nanofils d'oxyde de titane et / ou de carbure de silicium et extérieurs en graphène
CN106979431A (zh) * 2017-05-12 2017-07-25 成都大漠石油技术有限公司 利用太阳能发电提高原油运输能力的机构
CN107120495A (zh) * 2017-05-12 2017-09-01 成都大漠石油技术有限公司 适用于野外原油输送管道的支撑装置
CN107246526A (zh) * 2017-07-21 2017-10-13 四川达灿石油设备有限公司 可防止石油管道凝结的连接结构

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JP6401369B1 (ja) * 2017-10-23 2018-10-10 櫻護謨株式会社 電源を備えた送水ホース及び媒介ユニット
JP7166850B2 (ja) * 2018-09-06 2022-11-08 櫻護謨株式会社 電源を備えた送水ホース及び媒介ユニット
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