WO2011038577A1 - 一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置 - Google Patents

一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011038577A1
WO2011038577A1 PCT/CN2010/001536 CN2010001536W WO2011038577A1 WO 2011038577 A1 WO2011038577 A1 WO 2011038577A1 CN 2010001536 W CN2010001536 W CN 2010001536W WO 2011038577 A1 WO2011038577 A1 WO 2011038577A1
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Prior art keywords
rubber
combination
cooling
unit
waste rubber
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PCT/CN2010/001536
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈汇宏
胡嘉庆
Original Assignee
Chen Huihong
Hu Jiaqing
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Application filed by Chen Huihong, Hu Jiaqing filed Critical Chen Huihong
Publication of WO2011038577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011038577A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2321/00Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention proposes an integrated device suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber, which belongs to the category of thermal regeneration processing and utilization of waste rubber. Background technique
  • the waste tires are treated by traditional crushing, separation, high temperature sulfur reduction, normal temperature refining, or the so-called thermal regeneration technology of the latest crushing, separation, high temperature paste or remixing into the paste slurry, although nylon is still present.
  • the fiber skeleton is polluted with low value, the softener toxin harms the environment, and the material recovery rate is low after the rubber material is regenerated.
  • the process is treated with this thermal regeneration technology, because the rubber hydrocarbon chain is heated by high temperature.
  • thermal regeneration of rubber is very popular among many downstream users who emphasize the elongation of products. It seems that the thermal regeneration technology of waste rubber has been improved and improved to meet the universal indicators of sustainable development, that is, the waste rubber thermal regeneration technology including waste tires, so that it meets the "full amount, green, high The value and energy-saving "four-flag parallel resource recycling requirements" can revitalize the thermal regeneration industry of waste rubber.
  • the system puts forward the literature on the four-flag parallel resource recycling scheme of “full amount, green, high value and energy saving” for waste tires, and the first Chinese patent application (200810083330. 6).
  • This solution is implemented by a combination of various utilization processes for waste rubber products including waste tires, and the recycling process that is originally independent and competitively implemented becomes a proportional cooperative implementation process.
  • the waste tire recycling scheme no longer generates low-value nylon skeleton fibers, and there is no longer a problem of low-value thermal cracking carbon black.
  • the high-value products obtained include: steel wire, waste tire thermal cracking fuel oil or its fractionated oil product
  • the carbon black mixture of 100 mesh powder of waste tire rubber and thermal cracking of waste tire is a so-called ultrafine rubber powder master batch.
  • the program also combines the use of waste tire rubber with the process of using ordinary fuel oil and gas to produce ordinary carbon black by thermal cracking, so that the energy consumption process of discharging a by-product and the process of consuming energy by using a by-product are organic. Combine.
  • the scheme is biased toward the varieties that do not undergo fine-melting of the rolls, and the thermal regeneration process of waste rubber such as waste tires with high elongation is not improved by itself.
  • the scheme cannot include the so-called thermal process in which 5 to 40 mesh sieve powders have been used to prepare reclaimed rubber through high temperature sulfur reduction and room temperature refining processes.
  • the tire rubber powder used in the 40 mesh sieve is added with the specified component softener of 21-30% by weight of the rubber powder, and placed in a pressure-resistant heating stirred tank. ⁇ 260°C, 2. 6 ⁇ 3. 0MPa, less than 1 hour of heat regeneration treatment in the tank inner heat preservation, the rubber powder which is loose cake after cooling the can is refined by roller, and the tear strength is obtained at 12 ⁇ 18 MPa high strength recycled rubber products.
  • the softener used in this application includes only solid coal tar, which is a foul odorous fouling softener.
  • the tire rubber powder of the 20-mesh sieve is added, and the weight of the rubber powder is 20. 54 ⁇ 25. 1% of the specified component softener, and placed in a pressure-resistant heating stirred tank. Inside, the steam is heated to a temperature of 0.6 ⁇ 1.0MPa and 20-40 minutes, and the rubber powder in the form of loose cake is cooled and refined by a roller. The tear strength is 15 ⁇ 16 MPa. High-strength recycled rubber products.
  • the softeners used in this application include only tall oil, coal tar pitch, etc., and are odorous contaminating softeners.
  • the adjustable pressure chamber is adapted to various sizes of rubber powder
  • b one large one small counter-rotating screw Shear force is formed in the anhydrous state
  • c friction generates self-heating moment and shearing force
  • d sealed space water cooling
  • e S additive accelerates the thermal oxygen depolymerization process, and the protection is not cracked by high temperature.
  • the heat received by the rubber is derived from the friction generated by the motor.
  • the heat cost must be greater than the direct heating of the fuel or the heat utilization of the waste heat.
  • the application is not for the S additive and the self-report.
  • the product above the national standard has a clear and detailed description, and the mechanical schematic diagram of the counter-rotating screw is not clear. Therefore, the degree of publicity of the application does not reach the point where the ordinary technician can reproduce the effect of the invention without creative labor.
  • the existing recycled rubber production technology generally does not pay attention to the advantages of using high-temperature treated granular or paste-like materials to facilitate low-energy consumption of mixed powder, and maximize the development of downstream applications.
  • Recycled rubber products that can reduce the consumption of high-powered powder and rubber, that is, the existing recycled rubber production technology does not contain environmentally friendly, so that the resulting products in the downstream formulation application, how to maximize the replacement of recycled rubber and softener Technical solutions for the assembly of powder excipients, and there are serious over-repetition problems in the recycling and recycling of waste rubber in the industrial chain.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an integrated device suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber, which has the advantages of being able to adapt to the cleaning and energy saving of multi-variety compositions incorporating environmentally-friendly high-dose softeners or/and high-dose powder excipients. Production can avoid or inhibit the violent degradation of rubber hydrocarbons in high temperature materials by oxygen in the air.
  • An integrated device suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber the integrated device being suitable for cleaning a method for thermally recycling waste rubber as described below, specifically:
  • the “thermal regeneration” is the process A, including: the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder/environmental softener/powder auxiliary material according to the formula "5 ⁇ 40 mesh sieve” is in the range of 100/8 ⁇ 150/20 ⁇ 1500 Feeding, adding it to the stirring heater at one time, first by anaerobic heating, then introducing into the stirring cooler, cooling to below 100'C, discharging the product; or matching Part or all of the powder excipients in the side feed shall be deducted from the slow casting.
  • the powdered excipients which are previously deducted are added to the mixing heater for mixing, or/and
  • the hot material is introduced into the stirring cooler, it is added again, and the mixture is cooled to below 100 ° C to discharge the product; or the formulation is directly mixed into the hot screw extruder after being initially mixed, and is extruded through 200.
  • °C ⁇ 30 after the heating and mixing section of rC, the temperature of the cooling material is up to 10 (TC below), and the product is discharged;
  • process A with thermal cracking process B for waste rubber, or with process c, which is prepared by thermal cracking of combustible or/and combustible gas, to establish a material or/and energy To the migration relationship.
  • An integrated device suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber comprising at least a combination device A for performing a "thermal regeneration" process, the combination device A comprising the following structure: a unit or combination for performing a mixing or/and heating operation on a waste rubber formulation
  • the feed port of the equipment 1 or/and the feed port of the unit or combination equipment 2 for performing the agitation cooling or/and the powder cooling operation on the waste material after the heat treatment of the waste rubber formulation is provided with a sealed supply Machinery 3.
  • the combination device A can further add more perfect settings, which are described as follows:
  • Providing a unit or combination unit 1 having a tank, a tank or a tank having a function of sealing, stirring, heating or adding a pressure resistance, and the lower discharge port of the 1 is provided with a seal, agitation, cooling or addition a pressure-resistant kettle or tank or tank unit or combination 2, at the lower discharge opening of the 2, or a rubber unit machine 4 having a rolling or/and mastication or/and mixing function, or And a unit machine 5 provided with vigorous stirring of the powder material, and an electric heating device or a fuel furnace device 6 provided with a heat supply unit having the directional unit or the combination device 1 provided with a removal unit or a combination device 2 or / and 4 or / and 5 heat cooling device 7;
  • the combination device A can also be provided with one or more combinations listed below:
  • a well-known unit machine 1-1 such as a sealed series filter or a finishing screw is further provided to remove the hard coarse particle impurities still present in the heat-treated material, and then further The decontaminated material is then introduced into a unit machine or combination device 2 for performing agitation, cooling or re-powder operation, and a gas source device for supplying nitrogen to the unit or combination equipment 1 or/and 2 or/and the dosing machine 3 is provided.
  • An exhaust gas absorbing and/or reusing device 9 which is provided with an absorbing unit or combination device 1 or/and 2 while containing hot material, is provided with a residual energy utilization system 10, and an automatic control system 11 is provided.
  • the "unit machinery or combination equipment 1 for performing mixing or / and heating operations" may be selected from one or more of the following listed machines:
  • Closed dynamic heating desulfurization tank for waste rubber recycling with gap operation closed agitated heating desulfurization tube for continuous operation of waste rubber regeneration, chemical general-purpose closed stirring heating kettle for gap operation, and modified asphalt powder for gap operation Heating the kettle with a closed agitation, etc.;
  • the unit machinery or combination equipment 2 for performing the agitation cooling or/and the powder cooling operation may be selected from one or a combination of the following:
  • the above-mentioned compounding equipment 3 for supplying coarse rubber powder or/and auxiliary agent and powder auxiliary material may be selected from one or more combinations of the following mechanical machines:
  • the rubber unit machine 4 having the functions of rolling or / and masticating or / and kneading can be selected from the following mechanical _ "Wuzhong or a combination of the above.”
  • rollers for the rubber industry ⁇ screw extruders (eg: single-screw extruder with jacket cooling, with jacket a cooled twin-screw extruder, a combined single-screw extruder with jacket cooling, a combined twin-screw extruder with jacket cooling, etc.);
  • the unit machine 5 having the vigorous stirring of the powder material may be selected from one or more of the following types of machinery:
  • the electric heating device or the fuel furnace device 6 provided with the thermal energy may be selected from one or more of the following listed machines:
  • the cooling device 7 with the removed heat may be selected from one or more of the following listed machines.
  • Water pipe, water pump, air duct, fan, water spray cooling tower, heat sink, pilot valve, water storage tank, etc.; the gas source device 8 with nitrogen supply may be selected from one or one of the following listed machines The above combination: cylinder nitrogen, conveying pipeline, etc.;
  • the above-mentioned absorbing exhaust gas/and/recycling device 9 may be selected from one or more combinations of the following listed machines:
  • the system 10 having the residual heat utilization may be one or more combinations of the following listed machines: a circulation pipe with a hot water heat pipe, a sheet, a pipe with residual hot water utilization, and the like.
  • the formula is directly mixed into the hot screw extruder, and after being heated and mixed, the cooling material is heated to 10 (TC or less, and the product is discharged to obtain the product).
  • the combination device A comprises a hot screw extruder assembly 12 that is comprised of a unit hot screw extruder with one or more of the following listed The combination settings are matched:
  • a water-cooling chamber device which is connected to the outlet of the hot screw extruder, and a water sprinkler or/and a water vapor pumping tube is arranged at the upper part of the water-cooling chamber device, and is arranged in the lower part of the water-cooling chamber device.
  • a mechanism for smashing the extruded rubber material is arranged, and a twisting twist is arranged on the shaft head extending coaxially outside the extruder screw Broken rotary cutter, the working power of the rotary cutter is driven by the screw of the extruder; or below the outlet of the extruder, a rotating cutter is provided, and the working power of the cutter is derived from another independent Driven by the power shaft;
  • the water-cooling chamber device is provided at the lower outlet thereof with a liquid seal of a circulating cooling water tank, and the circulating cooling water liquid sealing tank can be selected from one of a pool, a water pump, a cooling tower, a pipeline, and a valve.
  • the above-mentioned circulating cooling water tank is provided with one or more of a rolling sieve, a screw conveyor, a pipe chain conveyor, a scraper conveyor, and a belt conveyor.
  • the compound water discharge mechanism composed of the combined device.
  • the hot screw extruder can be selected from any one or more of the following listed machines: single-screw extruder with wall heating, twin-screw extruder with wall heating, belt Combined single-screw extruder with wall heating, combined twin-screw extruder with wall heating, etc.;
  • a rubber unit machine 4 having a rolling or/and masticating or/and kneading function is provided, and heat having a combination into the combined equipment 12 is also provided.
  • the electric heating device or the fuel furnace device 6 for supplying thermal energy to the extrusion unit is further provided with a cooling device 7 having 12 heat removed, and an exhaust gas/and/reutilization device 9 having a water-cooling chamber 12-1 removed.
  • the combination device A may further comprise a combination device 13 for performing pretreatment processing on waste rubber products such as waste tires, and the combined equipment 13 of the pretreatment processing may use various commercially available waste tires and the like. The rubber product is crushed into a complete set of equipment that has passed through a 5 to 40 mesh sieve.
  • Process instructions for establishing a multi-directional migration relationship of materials or/and energies including: Technical Solution 2 or 2 to 3 by a combination device as described above, for thermal cracking of 3 ⁇ 4 rubber to extract fuel oil, combustible gas , a known combination device for waste rubber cracking carbon black or/and filler, or a combination of a known combination device C for preparing carbon black by thermal cracking using combustible oil, gas as a carbon source, fuel, ie, As an integrated device with mass transfer relationship between 4, B and C.
  • the integrated device having a mass transfer relationship between the A, B, and C includes at least one or more combinations as described below:
  • B or / and C to the carbon to supply carbon black or / and filler mechanism, or / and A to B to supply the rubber-containing fibers, steel wire skeleton by-product mechanism , or / and A mechanism for supplying a rubbery waste rubber regenerated product to C as a granulation binder for carbon black, or / and B for supplying combustible gas or/and pyrolysis oil to C;
  • connection device A and B or / and C there are cables for supplying heat or energy and/or electrical energy to B and A.
  • Various units or combination machines, devices, mechanisms, systems as described above may be of known technology and commercially available
  • the formulation of the waste rubber thermal regeneration formula emphasizes that the operation is carried out by using a closed machine, which is originally used in the rubber product enterprise for compounding in the rubber mixing process and in the feed, food and other industries for the mixing of ingredients.
  • the closed batching machine and its successful solution are transplanted into the hot-recycling formula feeding operation of waste rubber.
  • the powder excipient also provides a technical solution for mixing the cooling paste or the sponge cake in the sealed cooling tank, and the technical solution not only accelerates the cooling rate of the cold material, Moreover, the low mixing resistance characteristic of the material at this time is fully utilized, and the high energy consumption of the downstream mixing is reduced; at the same time, the current technology adopts an open type, the operation of cooling the high temperature flare in the floor of the workshop, and eliminating the hot rubber compound.
  • the serious pollution of the air in the workshop eliminates the intense scorching of the hot rubber by the oxygen-containing air; it also provides convenience for the utilization of equipment waste heat.
  • the integrated device according to the present invention comprises at least a thermal regeneration combined device A for cleaning waste rubber, and the thermal regeneration combined device A of the waste rubber according to the present invention is improved and functionally based on the prior art.
  • the mixing device of the unit machinery or the combined equipment for performing the cooling operation of the mixing or the mixing of the powder is provided with an air-loading compounding system for supplying the coarse rubber powder or/and the auxiliary agent and the powder auxiliary material which can be automatically controlled; This is a closed matching supply equipment system that has been successfully applied in the rubber compounding section of the rubber product industry or the formula mixing section of the word industry. It is grafted in the thermal regeneration process combination device of waste rubber to make this heat
  • the regenerative process combination device can adapt to the large increase of non-waste rubber flying components in the formulation without
  • the hot extruder combination equipment (12) included in the combination device A described in the present invention avoids the extrusion of the rubber compound by the existing hot extrusion machine at high temperature by the oxygen-containing air, in the workshop.
  • the invention is filled with the odor of hot steam; the combined device A which can be improved to achieve clean production can be combined with the known combination of thermal cracking of waste rubber to extract fuel oil, combustible gas, waste rubber cracked carbon black or/and filler.
  • the device or the well-known combination device C for preparing carbon black by thermal cracking using combustible oil and gas as a carbon source and a fuel is integrated to establish an integrated device with mass transfer relationship between A, B and C.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a combination device A included in an integrated apparatus suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is another schematic block diagram of a combination device A included in an integrated device suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of an extruder assembly 12 that may be included in the combination device A of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an integrated device having a mass transfer relationship between the combination devices A, B, and C included in the integrated device for thermal regeneration of waste rubber according to the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a combination device A included in an integrated device suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber according to the present invention.
  • the entire assembly device A includes: The waste rubber products are pre-processed into a complete set of coarse waste rubber powders of 5 ⁇ 40 mesh sieves, 13 for mixing, mixing and heating of waste rubber coarse powders and softeners or softeners and powder accessories.
  • Unit machinery or combination equipment 1 at the lower outlet of the unit or combination equipment 1 is provided with a well-known unit machine 1-1 such as a closed series of filter rubber or a finishing screw, and the hot mix of waste rubber and softener is stirred, cooled or Unit machinery or combination equipment 2 for powder application, rubber unit machinery 4 with rolling, masticating or compounding and masticating functions, unit machine 5 with vigorous stirring of powder material, unit machinery or combination Equipped with an electric heating device or a fuel furnace device 6 for providing thermal energy, capable of removing unit mechanical or combined equipment 2 or / and 4 or / and 5 heat cooling device 7, to the unit machine Or a combination of equipment 1 or / and 2 supply of coarse rubber powder or / and auxiliary materials, auxiliary material combination equipment 3, gas source device 8 for supplying nitrogen to the unit machinery or combination equipment 1 or /, 2, with a pair of units
  • the mechanical or combined equipment 1 or/and 2 exhausts the exhaust gas absorbing and/or reusing device 9 while storing the hot material, and the system 10 is used to automat
  • the unit machinery or the combined equipment 1 of the present embodiment may be selected from known products, such as one or more combinations as described below.
  • known products such as one or more combinations as described below.
  • DTY high-density dynamic desulfurization tank
  • Xinye Company has successfully developed waste tire to improve asphalt Complete sets of equipment, etc.
  • a known product may be selected, such as one or more combinations as described below:
  • the compounding equipment 3 of the present embodiment can be selected from known products, such as one or more combinations as described below:
  • a batching machine consists of a batching machine, a conveying pipe, a weighing instrument, an automatic control circuit, control software, etc., such as: Automatic Shredging and Weighing System Batching Machine produced by Ningbo Shenke Industrial Weighing Technology Co., Ltd., produced by Rushan Shunde Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. Automated complete control system, the rubber industry of Shanghai Beidinghan Industrial Automation Equipment Co., Ltd. Heavy batching system, rubber automatic batching system produced by Changzhou Kehang Company;
  • the product can be discharged from the lower outlet of the combination device 4 of the present embodiment, and a composition product in the form of a strip, a film or a sheet, or a granule can be obtained; or the material can be discharged from the lower outlet of the assembly A 2
  • the composition product in the form of a sponge cake can be obtained; or the lower outlet of the combination device 5 can be discharged to obtain a paste-like or powdery composition product.
  • FIG. 2 another schematic block diagram of a combination device A included in an integrated device suitable for thermal regeneration of waste rubber, the entire assembly device A, specifically includes: pre-processing waste rubber products such as waste tires Processing and processing of rough waste rubber powder complete sets of equipment 13 processed into 5 ⁇ 40 mesh sieves, mixing, mixing, heating and mixing functions on 5 ⁇ 40 mesh coarse waste rubber powders and softeners and powder accessories
  • the screw-containing extrusion unit or the combination device 12 is provided with an anaerobic and sealed water-cooling chamber device 12-1 at the discharge port of the combined equipment 12, and the discharge port of the 12-1 is provided with A screw extruder unit machine 4 having a masticating or kneading and masticating function, and an electric heating device or a fuel furnace device 6 for supplying heat to the combined equipment 12, and a unit for removing the screw extruder
  • the mechanical 4 heat cooling device 7 is provided with a hot flash steam and air cooling and aggregate device 14 for removing the hot melt of the screw extruder unit machine 4, and supplies the rubber
  • the absorption or/and reuse device 9 has a waste heat utilization system 10.
  • the product can be discharged from the lower outlet of the combination device A of the present embodiment, and a composition in the form of micelles can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 a schematic diagram of an extruder assembly apparatus 12 that can be included in the assembly apparatus of the present invention is provided with a closed water-cooling chamber device at the outlet of the extruder that performs the heating operation; It can avoid the extrusion of the rubber at the high temperature of the existing extruder by the oxygenated air, and the workshop is filled with the odor of hot steam;
  • the specific arrangement may further include: an anaerobic, sealed water chamber cold chamber device 12-1, with a water-cooled jacket A screw extruder unit machine 4 having mastication or kneading and masticating functions, and a device 14 for removing hot flashes and air-cooling and collecting materials from the mechanical hot discharge of the screw extruder unit, disposed in the water
  • the cold chamber device 12-1 there is a mechanism 12-2 for crushing the rubber produced by the extruder, and an electric heating device or a fuel furnace device 6 for supplying heat to the heating screw extruder unit, which is provided with
  • the cooling device 7 for removing the heat of the unit machine 4 is provided with a circulating cooling water liquid sealing tank 12-3, a rubber water discharging rolling screen 12-4 and the like.
  • the product is discharged from the lower outlet of the cyclone in the combined apparatus to obtain a composition product in the form of micelles or micelles.
  • FIG. 4 a schematic diagram of an integrated device having a mass transfer relationship between the combined devices A, B, and C included in the integrated device for thermal regeneration of waste rubber, the combined device is made of waste rubber a combination device A for performing thermal regeneration, and a known combination device B for thermally cracking waste rubber to extract fuel oil, combustible gas, waste rubber cracking carbon black or/and filler, or in addition to a known combustible oil,
  • the gas is a carbon source, a fuel, and a combination device C for preparing carbon black by thermal cracking;
  • the combined devices of A, B, and C are respectively set to include - a combination device A, which further includes: a combination of coarse rubber powder processing equipment 1 , mixing, mixing, heating operation combination equipment 2, mixing, cooling, powder mixing equipment 3, matching material combination equipment 4, rolling, mixing, plasticating machinery 5, powder mixing equipment 6, steam Package 7, power transformer 8, etc.;
  • Combination device B which further comprises: waste tire thermal cracking furnace 9, condenser 10, oil water separator 11, oil reservoir 12, gas storage cabinet 13, crude carbon black collection silo 14, coarse crusher 15, vibrating screen 16 , magnetic separator 17, fine crusher 18, wire hopper 19, ultra-fine carbon black collection bin 20, 500 power supply transformer 21, etc.;
  • Combination device (:, which further includes: feedstock dehydration tank 22, oil guide pump 23, feedstock tank 24, fuel tank 25, a fuel oil filter 26, a fuel pump 27, a feedstock oil filter 28, a feedstock oil pump 29, a spray atomizer 30, a water pump 31, a carbon black reactor combustion section 32, an air preheater 33, a waste heat boiler 34, Feedstock oil preheater 35, fuel oil preheater 36, compressed air 37, main supply fan 38, feedstock oil nozzle 39, pump 40, main filter bag 41, bag filter hopper 42, cyclone 43, wet method Granulator 44, reverse blower 45, steam pack 46, waste heat boiler 47, steam pack 48, steam turbine 49, product storage tank 50, finished product conveyor 51, filter airtight valve 52, screening machine 53, micro-pulverizer 54, drying Machine 55, hopper 56, main feed conveyor 57 and the like.
  • connection characteristics between the combination device, B, and C include at least:
  • the mechanism includes one or more combinations of a conveying pipe, a conveyor belt, and a conveying vehicle;

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置 技术领域
本发明提出一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置, 属于废橡胶热再生加工和利用的范 畴。 背景技术
当今是强调循环经济和可持续发展的时代, 废橡胶的再生利用, 本应是我国这一橡 胶资源贫乏、 环境污染严重的国家, 实践循环经济和可持续发展, 进行经济建设和民族 复兴所必须着力大发展的阳光产业, 但由于对超废橡胶总量 60%的废轮胎橡胶的再生技 术开发得还不成熟, 特别是对用废轮胎经破碎、 分离、 高温断硫等处理制备再生橡胶的 技术, 即所谓 "热再生"技术开发得还很不够, 致使在我国超行业七成的以废轮胎制再 生橡胶的企业, 长期处于经济上微利、 无利, 产品的性价、 性本比等内涵少有进步, 生 产中毒尘大、 污染多, 产品耗电量下降乏术的局面。 再参照国外发达国家再生橡胶业的 兴衰轨迹, 似乎以废轮胎制再生橡胶的产业也会步国外的后尘, 成为发展前景暗淡的夕 阳工业。
废轮胎经传统的破碎、 分离、 高温断硫、 常温精炼, 或经最新的破碎、 分离、 高温 膏化或再向膏浆料中拌入普通炭黑的所谓热再生技术处理, 虽仍存在尼龙纤维骨架被污 染化低值利用, 软化剂毒素危害环境, 胶料再生后物性复原率低等严重的工艺、 产品缺 陷, 但用此热再生技术处理的胶料, 因橡胶烃链经高温热和过辊剪切力场的精塑炼, 或 经高温大剂量热溶剂溶胀成膏浆, 橡胶烃链大都复原成线状, 致使再生橡胶或配有再生 橡胶的制品胶料具有较高的伸长率, 这种胶料物性是试图替代热法再生橡胶的常温或低 温冷冻法所得的俗称精细、 超细胶粉所不具备的, 也是近来新开发上市的仅经高温或常 温塑化处理, 但没经过辊剪力场, 或没经过大剂量溶剂高温强化溶胀的塑化胶粉所不具 备的。 所以热法再生橡胶, 在众多强调产品伸长率大的下游用户中很受欢迎。 由此看来 废橡胶的热再生技术只要经过创新改良, 使其符合可持续发展的普适指标, 即对包括废 轮胎在内的废橡胶热再生技术, 使其符合 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化的四旗并举式 资源循环利用要求, 就能实现使废橡胶的热法再生产业重获新生。
系统提出对废轮胎实施 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化的四旗并举式资源循环利用 方案的文献, 首推中国专利申请(200810083330. 6)。 该方案釆用将现有对包括废轮胎等 废橡胶制品在内的各种利用工艺的组合实施, 使本来各自独立且竞争实施的再生利用过 程, 变为有比例的协同实施过程。 该废轮胎再生利用方案, 不再生成低值的尼龙骨架纤 维, 不再有低值热裂解炭黑的出路难题, 所得的高值产品包括: 钢丝, 废轮胎热裂解燃 料油或其分馏油品, 废轮胎橡胶的 100目粉与废轮胎热裂解的炭黑混合物即所谓超细胶 粉母料等。 该方案还把对废轮胎橡胶的利用过程, 与用普通燃油、 气经热裂解法制普通 炭黑的过程相联合, 使排出某副产物的耗能过程与耗用某副产物的排能过程有机结合。 但该方案在废轮胎橡胶的再生产品的高值化开发上, 偏向于不经过辊精塑炼的品种, 对 具有高伸长率的废轮胎等废橡胶的热再生过程本身未有改进, 即该方案还不能包括现时 用过 5~40目筛胶粉经高温断硫、 常温精炼工序制备再生橡胶的所谓热法工艺。
对废轮胎橡胶热再生过程及其产品的最新改进又有:
如中国专利申请 (200710150962. 5 ) 所述, 用 20〜50 目硫化胶粉, 加入胶粉重量 60~115%的指定组份软化剂, 置其在耐压加热搅拌罐内,经 160~200Ό、 0. 5~0. 7Mpa、 2-3 小时罐内保温的热再生处理, 将胶粉变成膏浆状, 再拌入胶粉重量 60~100%的炭黑, 得 到充炭黑的膏状再生橡胶产品。 此申请案中所述的炭黑仅高耐磨炭黑或通用炉黑炭黑, 所用的软化剂 (其称燃料油) 仅指松焦油或氧化妥尔油或煤焦油, 都是有臭味的污染性 软化剂。此申请案没有提及所要用到的装备,更没有提及符合清洁生产要求的组合装备。
确认本 又如中国专利申请(200710024356. 9 )所述, 用过 40目筛的轮胎胶粉, 加入胶粉重 量 21~30%的指定组份软化剂, 置其在耐压加热搅拌罐内, 经 240~260°C、 2. 6〜3. 0MPa、 少于 1小时罐内保温的热再生处理, 将出罐降温后呈松散糕状的胶粉经过辊精塑炼, 得 到扯断强度在 12~18 MPa的高强度再生橡胶产品。 此申请案中所用及的软化剂仅包括固 体煤焦油, 这是一种有恶臭味的污染性软化剂。
又如中国专利申请(200710192039. 8 )所述, 用过 20目筛的轮胎胶粉, 加入胶粉重 量 20. 54~25. 1%的指定组份软化剂, 置其在耐压加热搅拌罐内, 经蒸汽压力 0.6~1.0MPa、 20-40 分钟罐内保温的热再生处理, 将出罐降温后呈松散糕状的胶粉经过辊精塑炼, 得 到扯断强度在 15~16 MPa的高强度再生橡胶产品。 此申请案中所用及的软化剂仅是包括 妥尔油、 煤沥青等, 都是有臭味的污染性软化剂。
再如中国专利申请 (200810146444. 0 ) 所述, 为一种橡胶瞬间活化还原法, 其特征 是- a、 可调式压力舱适应各种粒径的胶粉; b、 一大一小对旋螺杆在无水状态下形成剪 切力; c、 摩擦自行生成高温瞬间与剪切力作用; d、 密封空间水冷却; e、 S助剂加速热 氧解聚过程, 且保护不被高温裂解。 此申请案中, 胶料所受的热, 是源于由电机带动的 摩擦生成, 其用热费用必定大于燃料直接供热或余热利用供热, 另外此申请案没有对 S 助剂和自述是高于国标的产品作出明确的详细说明, 提供的对旋螺杆机械示意图也不明 了, 故此申请案的公幵程度, 没有达到普通技术人员无需创造性劳动, 就能重现此发明 效果的地步。
另外,现有再生橡胶技术还不能对低含胶量或 /和混杂的所谓低品位废橡胶资源实现 真正意义上的资源可持续利用。
废轮胎等废橡胶经热再生处理得到的再生橡胶产品,在下游的橡胶制品配方中应用, 按 《橡胶制品实用配方大全》 (谢忠麟、 杨敏芳 编, 化学工业出版社、 材料科学与工程 出版中心出版发行, 2004年 2月第 2版) 所列配方进行统计, 可总结出其应用特征是: 在下游的配方应用中至少有 95%以上应用例, 是用符合所谓国标的再生橡胶, 再加新橡 胶、 补强剂、 填料、 软化剂等物料, 经再次进行吃粉打胶。 经此统计分析, 可以发现: 现有的再生橡胶生产技术, 普遍没有重视利用其受高温处理的粒状或膏浆状物料易于低 能耗拌吃粉料的优势, 最大限度地开发出可使下游应用时能减少高耗电吃粉打胶的再生 橡胶产品, 即现有再生橡胶生产技术, 没有包含能环保化的, 使所得产品在下游配方应 用中, 如何最大限度地替代由再生橡胶和软化剂、 粉末辅料所组集合物的技术方案, 产 业链对废橡胶的再生、 回用处理中存在严重的过量重复加工问题。
现有废轮胎等废橡胶的热再生处理, 其所用组合装备, 由于其所服务的热再生处理 工艺中, 没有要求要能配加大量的具有高飞扬性污染的粉末辅料, 所以就没有配备密闭 的供料机械装置, 现有技术在向动态罐中配加物料时, 都采用人工开放式操作, 高温处 理后的物料都是直接暴露在空气中的开放式出料, 所以迸、 出物料都存在严重的环境污 染。 发明内容
本发明的目的是: 提出一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置, 其优点是: 能适应加入 环保化的高剂量软化剂或 /和高剂量粉末辅料的多品种组合物的清洁、节能化生产, 能避 免或抑制空气中氧对高温物料中橡胶烃的剧烈降解。
技术方案
一种适用于废橡胶热再生的集成装置, 所述集成装置适用于清洁化实施如下所述的 一种废橡胶热再生的方法, 具体是:
所述 "热再生" 即过程 A, 包括: 按配方 "过 5~40 目筛的废橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软 化剂 /粉末辅料"的重量比在 100/8~150/20~1500范围的投料,一次性将其加入搅拌加热 器中, 先被绝氧加热, 然后导入搅拌冷却器, 冷至 100'C以下, 出料即得产品; 或将配 方投料中的粉末辅料的一部分或全部扣出缓投, 在前期入搅拌加热器的先投部分物料要 出料前, 再将先期扣出的粉末辅料加入搅拌加热器中混合, 或 /和在热料导入搅拌冷却器 中时再被加入, 待混合料冷至 100°C以下, 出料得到产品; 或将配方投料经初混后, 直 接导进热螺杆挤出机中,被挤过 200°C~30(rC的加热、混合段后,冷却料温至 10(TC以下, 出料得到产品;
或由过程 A, 与对废橡胶的热裂解处理过程 B, 或再加上由可燃油或 /和可燃气经热 裂解制备普通炭黑的过程 c之间, 建立有物料或 /和能的多向迁移关系。
具体地讲, 实现本发明构思的技术方案是这样的:
一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置, 至少包括完成 "热再生"过程的组合装置 A, 该组合装置 A包括以下结构:在对废橡胶配方料实施混合或 /和加热操作的单元或组合装 备 1的该进料口上, 或 /和对废橡胶配方料实施热处理后的放出料实施搅拌冷却或 /和拌 粉冷却操作的单元或组合装备 2的进料口上, 设置有密闭的配供料机械 3。
所述组合装置 A, 可再进一步增加更趋完善的设置, 具体描述如下:
在设置具备密闭、 搅拌、 加热或再加上耐压功能的釜或罐或槽的单元或组合装备 1 , 在所述 1的下出料口, 设置有具备密闭、 搅拌、 冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜或罐或槽的 单元或组合装备 2, 在所述 2的下出料口, 或再设置有碾压或 /和塑炼或 /和混炼功能的 橡胶单元机械 4, 或 /和设置有具备有对粉末料进行剧烈搅拌的单元机械 5, 另外还设置 有具备有向单元或组合装备 1提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 设置有具备有移去 单元或组合装备 2或 /和 4或 /和 5热量的冷却装置 7;
更佳的是组合装置 A还可设置有如下所列的一种或一种以上的组合:
在单元或组合装备 1的下出口再设置有密闭串联的滤胶或精碾螺杆等公知单元机械 1-1 , 以便于脱除热处理后物料中尚存在的硬质粗颗粒杂质, 然后将此进一步脱杂的物料 再导入实施搅拌、 冷却或再施吃粉操作的单元机械或组合装备 2, 设置向单元或组合装 备 1或 /和 2或 /和配供料机械 3的供给氮气的气源装置 8,设置有吸收单元或组合装备 1 或 /和 2在存有热物料的同时所排出的废气吸收或 /和再利用装置 9, 设置有余能利用系 统 10, 设置自动化操控系统 11。
更具体的是:
所述的 "实施混合或 /和加热操作的单元机械或组合装备 1 ", 可选用如下所列机械 的一种或一种以上的组合:
间隙式操作的废橡胶再生用密闭动态加热脱硫罐, 连续式操作的废橡胶再生用密闭 搅拌加热脱硫列管, 间隙式操作的化工通用型密闭搅拌加热釜, 间隙式操作的沥青胶粉 改性用密闭搅拌加热釜等;
所述的实施搅拌冷却或 /和拌粉冷却操作的单元机械或组合装备 2, 可选用如下所列 机械的一种或一种以上的组合:
化工通用型密闭搅拌冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜, 通用型带冷却或再加上耐压功能 的粉体混合搅拌槽, 带冷却或再加上耐压功能的搅拌管, 橡胶制品业所用的橡胶、 粉体 混合机, 食品工业用再添加密闭、 冷却功能的面团混合机, 饲料工业用再添加密闭、 冷 却功能的面团混合机等;
所述的具备供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、 粉末辅料的配供料组合装备 3, 可选用如下所 列机械的一种或一种以上的组合:
料槽、 输送管、 计量衡器、 风机、 除尘器, 橡胶制品业中混炼工段所用的自动化密 闭配料机械, 配合词料工业中所用的自动化密闭配料机械等:
所述的具备碾压或 /和塑炼或 /和混炼功能的橡胶单元机械 4, 可选用如下所列机械 的 _ "禾中或一禾中以上的组合.
橡胶工业用的轧辊 ^, 螺杆挤出机 (如: 带有夹套冷却的单螺杆挤出机, 带有夹套 冷却的双螺杆挤出机, 带有夹套冷却的组合式单螺杆挤出机, 带有夹套冷却的组合式双 螺杆挤出机等);
所述的具备有对粉末料进行剧烈搅拌的单元机械 5, 可选用如下所列机械的一种或 —种以上的组合:
转速可在每分钟 200〜1200转的管式搅拌混合器, 转速可在每分钟 200〜1200转的锥 形搅拌混合器, 转速可在每分钟 200〜1200转的卧式搅拌混合器等;
所述的具备提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一 种以上的组合:
燃料蒸汽锅炉, 燃料导热油锅炉, 燃料盐浴炉, 红外电热装置, 微波电热装置, 电 热棒装置, 电热板装置等;
所述的具备有移去热量的冷却装置 7, 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组 合.
水管, 水泵, 风道管, 风机, 水喷淋冷却塔, 散热片, 导向阀门, 储水槽等; 所述的具备供给氮气的气源装置 8, 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组合: 钢瓶氮气、 输送管路等;
所述的具备有吸收废气或 /和再利用装置 9, 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上 的组合:
耐压、 耐热管路, 水喷射泵、 水吸收液储料槽、 热交换器、 风机, 旋风分离器, 散 热片等;
所述的具备有余热利用的系统 10, 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组合: 带有热水散热管、 片的循环管路, 带有余热水利用的管路等。
为便于清洁化实施所述将配方投料经初混后, 直接导进热螺杆挤出机中, 被挤过的 加热、 混合段后, 冷却料温至 10(TC以下, 出料得到产品的工艺指令, 所述组合装置 A 包含有涉及热螺杆挤出机组合装备 12, 所述热螺杆挤出机组合装备 12是由单元热螺杆 挤出机与带有如下所列的一种或一种以上的组合设置相附配:
设置有包接在热螺杆挤出机出口的水剧冷腔装置,在水剧冷腔装置的上部设置有水 喷淋头或 /和水蒸汽抽排管, 在水剧冷腔装置的下部设置有放水出料口或 /和水封弯头, 或再在水剧冷腔装置的侧面设置有玻璃密封的观察视窗;
在水剧冷腔装置中的热螺杆挤出机出料口上, 设置有对挤出胶料实施绞碎的机构, 在挤出机螺杆同轴外延伸的轴头上, 设置有同向旋转绞碎的旋刀, 旋刀的工作动力来源 于挤出机螺杆的带动; 或在挤出机出料口外的下方, 设置有一旋转的绞碎刀, 绞碎刀的 工作动力来源于另一独立的动力轴的带动;
所述的水剧冷腔装置, 在其下出口, 设置有循环冷却水池的液封, 所述循环冷却水 液封池可选用水池、 水泵、 冷却塔、 管路、 阀门中的一种或一种以上装置所组合而成; 所述的循环冷却水池, 在其中设置有由滚动筛、 螺旋输送器、 管链式输送器、 刮板 式输送器、 带式输送器中的一种或一种以上的组合装置所构成的胶料出水机构。
所述及的热螺杆挤出机, 可选用如下所列机械的任一种或一种以上的组合: 带有壁加热的单螺杆挤出机, 带有壁加热的双螺杆挤出机, 带有壁加热的组合式单 螺杆挤出机, 带有壁加热的组合式双螺杆挤出机等;
对所述的包含热螺杆挤出机组合装备 12, 可再进一步增加更趋完善的设置, 具体描 述如下:
在所述的水剧冷腔装置 12-1下出料口,设置有具备碾压或 /和塑炼或 /和混炼功能的 橡胶单元机械 4, 另外还设置具有向组合装备 12中的热挤出单元机械提供热能的电热装 置或燃料炉装置 6, 还设置具有移去 12热量的冷却装置 7, 设置具有移去水剧冷腔装置 12-1的吸收废气或 /和再利用装置 9。 所述的组合装置 A, 还可包括将废轮胎等废橡胶制品实施预处理加工的组合装备 13 予以配套衔接,所述预处理加工的组合装备 13可以选用各种市售的将废轮胎等废橡胶制 品破碎处理成过 5〜40目筛的成套组合装备。
更佳的是能够清洁化实施所述"由过程 A, 与对废橡胶的热裂解处理过程 B, 或再加 上由可燃油或 /和可燃气经热裂解制备普通炭黑的过程 C之间, 建立有物料或 /和能的多 向迁移关系"的工艺指令, 包括: 技术方案 2或 2至 3由如前所述的组合装置 , 对! ¾ 橡胶实施热裂解以提取燃料油、 可燃气、 废橡胶裂解炭黑或 /和填料的公知组合装置 Β|Τ, 或再加上以可燃的油、 气为炭源、 燃料, 经热裂解制备炭黑的公知组合装置 C所集成, 即建立起4、 B、 C之间有传质联系的集成装置。
所述 A、 B、 C之间有传质联系的集成装置, 至少包括如下所述的一条或一条以上的 组合:
组合装置 A与 B或 /和 C之间存在有: B或 /和 C向 A供给炭黑或 /和填料的机构, 或 /和 A向 B供给含胶粒的纤维、 钢丝骨架副产物的机构, 或 /和 A向 C供给胶桨状废橡胶 再生质产品作炭黑的造粒粘结剂的机构,或 /和 B向 C供给可燃气或 /和热裂解油的机构; 所述机构包括输送管道、 输送皮带、 输送车辆的一种或一种以上的组合;
组合装置 A与 B或 /和 C之间存在有 B、 C向 A供给热能的管路或 /和电能的缆线。 如前所述的各种单元或组合机械、 装置、 机构、 系统, 均可采用公知技术和市售产
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在前述技术方案中, 对废橡胶热再生的配方投料, 强调了采用密闭机械实施操作, 将原本在橡胶制品企业中用于炼胶工序混配和在饲料、 食品等工业中用于配料混合的密 闭配料机械及其使用的成功方案, 移植于废橡胶的热再生的配方投料操作中。
在前述方案中, 对粉末辅料还提供了一种在密闭冷却罐里与正在冷却的膏浆或松糕 状胶料实现混合的技术方案, 这一技术方案不但会使被冷物料加快冷却速度, 而且充分 利用了此时物料具有的低混合阻力特性, 减少了下游混炼的高能耗; 同时还改变了现时 技术采用开放式, 在车间室内地面冷却高温耀放出料的操作, 消除了热胶料对车间空气 的严重污染, 消除了含氧空气对热胶料的剧烈焦烧; 再者也为装备化余热利用提供了方 便。
本发明所述的集成装置, 至少包含有清洁化实施废橡胶的热再生组合装置 A, 本发 明所述的废橡胶的热再生组合装置 A, 是在现有技术的基础上进行了改良和功能拓展; 在对粗废橡胶粉粒与环保化软化剂或环保化软化剂和粉末辅料, 实施搅拌、 混合、 加热操作的单元或组合装备的进料口上, 或 /和对废橡胶与软化剂的热混料实施搅拌或拌 粉的冷却操作的单元机械或组合装备的进料口上, 设置有可自动化操控的供给粗胶粉粒 或 /和助剂、 粉末辅料的密闭配供料组合装备系统; 这是将在橡胶制品行业的配料打胶工 段或词料行业的配方混料工段等都已成功应用的密闭配供料组合装备系统, 嫁接在废橡 胶的热再生工艺组合装置中, 使此热再生工艺组合装置能适应配方中的非废橡胶飞扬性 成份的大量增加, 同时又不出现高剂量的粉尘污染;
另外, 在本发明中所述的包含于组合装置 A 中的热挤出机组合装备 (12), 避免了 现有热挤出机在高温下挤出胶料被含氧空气剧烈氧化,车间里弥漫着异味热蒸汽的弊病; 本发明将改良后能实现清洁生产的组合装置 A又可与对废橡胶实施热裂解以提取燃 料油、 可燃气、 废橡胶裂解炭黑或 /和填料的公知组合装置^ 或再加上以可燃的油、 气 为炭源、 燃料, 经热裂解制备炭黑的公知组合装置 C集成在一起, 建立起 A、 B、 C之 间有传质联系的集成装置,从而在装备层面上实现了将橡胶产业链中有对应关系的排能、 排废过程与耗能、 吃废过程实现了和谐衔接; 同时这也是继中国专利申请 ( 200810083330. 6 ) 将废橡胶的胶粉制备过程, 与废橡胶热裂解、 普通炭黑制备过程联 系起来之后, 又将废橡胶的清洁化热法再生过程, 与废橡胶热裂解、 普通炭黑制备过程 也联系起来, 不但是彻底解决了废轮胎等废橡胶的 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化资源 循环利用, 也解决了现有绿色二次原料橡胶产品在 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化工艺 框架下, 由包含常温细碎机所组成的组合装备中, 所得的品种只能是偏硬、 耐磨, 而缺 少柔软、 耐折品种的不足。 附图说明
图 1为本发明所述一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置中所包含的组合装置 A的一种 示意方框图。
图 2为本发明所述一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置中所包含的组合装置 A的另一 种示意方框图。
图 3为本发明所述组合装置 A中可包括的一种挤出机组合装备 12的示意图。
图 4为本发明所述一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置中所包含的组合装置 A、 B、 C 之间有传质联系的集成装置的示意图。 具体实施方式
接下来再通过实施例进一步说明本发明提出的技术方案的具体实施方式, 但这些具 体实施方式所介绍的实施例, 都仅是作为代表, 不应被看作是对本发明保护范围的限制。
实施例 1
如附图 1所示, 为本发明所述一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置中所包含的组合装 置 A的一个实施例的示意方框图, 整个组合装置 A中, 具体包括: 将废轮胎等废橡胶制 品实施预处理加工成过 5~40 目筛的粗废橡胶粉粒成套组合装备 13, 对废橡胶粗粉料与 软化剂或软化剂和粉末辅料, 实施搅拌、 混合、 加热操作的单元机械或组合装备 1 , 在 单元或组合装备 1的下出口设置有密闭串联的滤胶或精碾螺杆等公知单元机械 1-1,对废 橡胶与软化剂的热混料实施搅拌、 冷却或再施吃粉操作的单元机械或组合装备 2, 具备 碾压、 塑炼或混炼和塑炼功能的橡胶单元机械 4, 具备有对粉末料进行剧烈搅拌的单元 机械 5, 向单元机械或组合装备 1提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 能够移去单元机 械或组合装备 2或 /和 4或 /和 5热量的冷却装置 7, 向单元机械或组合装备 1或 /和 2供 给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、 辅料的配供料组合装备 3, 向单元机械或组合装备 1或 /和 2供 给氮气的气源装置 8, 具有对单元机械或组合装备 1或 /和 2在存有热物料的同时所排出 的废气吸收或 /和再利用装置 9, 余能利用系统 10, 自动化操控系统 11。
图中所述的成套组合装备, 单元机械或组合装备, 装置、 系统都可选用公知产品或 公知技术制造所得;
针对本发明所须执行工艺指令的特征, 更具体地讲, 本实施例所述的单元机械或组 合装备 1, 可选用公知产品, 如可选用如下所述的一种或一种以上的组合- 如高密市永进机械科技有限公司出品的高压动态脱硫罐(DTY ), 上海依卡机电制造 有限公司供应废橡胶粉改性沥青用加热均质化搅拌罐; 鑫业公司研制成功废轮胎改沥青 成套设备等;
本实施 i列所述的单元机械或组合装备 2, 可选用公知产品, 如可选用如下所述的一 种或一种以上的组合:
化工通用型密闭搅拌冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜, 通用型带冷却或再加上耐压功能 的粉体混合搅拌槽, 橡胶制品业所用的橡胶、 粉体混合机, 食品工业用再加添密闭、 冷 却功能的面团混合机, 饲料工业用再加添密闭、 冷却功能的面团混合机等;
本实施例所述的配供料组合装备 3, 可选用公知产品, 如可选用如下所述的一种或 一种以上的组合:
由包括料槽、 输送管、 计量衡器、 自动化操控电路、 控制软件等组成的如: 宁波申 科工业秤重技术有限公司出品的自动配料称量系统配料机, 乳山巿申德饲料机械有限公 司出品的自动化成套控制系统, 上海贝丁汉工业自动化设备有限公司出品的橡胶行业称 重配料系统, 常州市科航公司出品的橡胶自动配料系统等;
产品能从本实施所述的组合装置 A中 4的下出口出料, 能得到呈胶条、胶片状或片、 屑颗粒状的组合物产品; 或从组合装置 A中 2的下出口出料, 能得到呈松糕状的组合物 产品; 或组合装置 A中 5的下出口出料, 得到膏浆状或粉末状的组合物产品。
实施例 2
如附图 2所示, 一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置中所包含的组合装置 A的另一种 示意方框图, 整个组合装置 A中, 具体包括: 将废轮胎等废橡胶制品实施预处理加工成 过 5~40目筛的粗废橡胶粉粒成套组合装备 13,在对 5~40目粗废橡胶粉粒与软化剂和粉 末辅料, 实施搅拌、 混合、 加热再加上混炼功能的含螺杆挤出单元或组合装备 12, 在组 合装备 12的出料口, 设置的具备绝氧、 密闭的水剧冷腔装置 12-1, 在所述 12- 1的出料 口, 设置有具备塑炼或混炼和塑炼功能的螺杆挤出机单元机械 4, 另外还设置有向组合 装备 12提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 还设置有具备有移去螺杆挤出机单元机械 4热量的冷却装置 7, 设置有移去螺杆挤出机单元机械 4热出料的潮热汽和风冷、集料的 装置 14, 向组合装备 12供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、 辅料的配供料组合装备 3, 在水剧冷 腔装置 12-1中设置有对挤出胶料实施绞碎的机构 12-2, 有吸收组合装备 12或 /和 12 - 1 在存有物料受热所放出的废气吸收或 /和再利用装置 9, 有余热利用系统 10。
产品能从本实施所述的组合装置 A中 14的下出口出料,能得到呈胶团粒状的组合物
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图中所述的成套组合装备, 单元机械或组合装备, 装置、 系统都可选用公知产品或 公知技术制造所得。
实施例 3
如附图 3所示,为本发明所述的组合装置 Α中可包括的一种挤出机组合装备 12的示 意图, 在实施加热操作的挤出机出口设置有密闭的水剧冷腔装置; 它能避免现有挤出机 在高温下挤出胶料被含氧空气剧烈氧化, 车间里弥漫着异味热蒸汽的弊病;
这种组合装备 12中, 除了含有具备加热和混炼功能的螺杆挤出机单元机械外,具体 设置还可包括: 具备绝氧、 密闭的水剧冷腔装置 12-1, 带有水冷夹套的具备塑炼或混炼 和塑炼功能的螺杆挤出机单元机械 4, 具备有移去螺杆挤出机单元机械热出料的潮热汽 和风冷、 集料的装置 14, 设置在水剧冷腔装置 12-1 中, 有对挤出机所出胶料实施绞碎 的机构 12-2, 向加热螺杆挤出机单元机械提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 设置有 具备有移去单元机械 4热量的冷却装置 7 , 设置有循环冷却水液封池 12-3, 胶料出水滚 筛 12-4等。
产品从组合装置中的旋风分离器 的下出口出料,能得到呈胶粒或胶团粒状的组合 物产品。
实施例 4
如附图 4所示, 一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置中所包含的组合装置 A、 B、 C之 间有传质联系的集成装置的示意图, 所述组合装置是由对废橡胶实施热再生的组合装置 A, 与公知的对废橡胶实施热裂解以提取燃料油、 可燃气、 废橡胶裂解炭黑或 /和填料的 组合装置 B, 或再加上公知的以可燃的油、 气为炭源、 燃料, 经热裂解制备炭黑的组合 装置 C所集成; A、 B、 C各组合装置具体分别设置包括- 组合装置 A, 其中又包括: 粗胶粉粒加工成套组合装备 1, 搅泮、 混合、 加热操作组 合装备 2, 搅拌、 冷却、 吃粉的组合装备 3, 配供料组合装备 4, 碾压、 混炼、 塑炼机械 5, 粉末料剧烈搅拌的机械 6, 蒸汽包 7, 供电变压器 8等;
组合装置 B, 其中又包括: 废轮胎热裂解炉 9, 冷凝器 10, 油水分离器 11, 油储器 12, 贮气柜 13, 粗炭黑集料仓 14, 粗碎机 15, 震荡筛 16, 磁选机 17, 精碎机 18, 钢丝 集料斗 19, 细于 500目的超细炭黑集料仓 20, 供电变压器 21等;
组合装置(:, 其中又包括: 原料油脱水罐 22, 导油泵 23, 原料油罐 24, 燃料油罐 25, 燃料油过滤器 26, 燃料泵 27, 原料油过滤器 28, 原料油泵 29, 喷燃雾化器 30, 水 泵 31, 炭黑反应炉燃烧段 32, 空气预热器 33, 余热锅炉 34, 原料油预热器 35, 燃料油 预热器 36, 压缩空气 37, 主供风机 38, 原料油喷嘴 39, 泵 40, 主滤袋器 41, 袋滤器储 斗 42, 旋风分离器 43, 湿法造粒机 44, 反吹风机 45, 蒸汽包 46, 余热锅炉 47, 蒸汽包 48, 汽轮机 49, 产品储罐 50, 成品输送器 51, 滤器气密阀 52, 筛选机 53, 微粉碎机 54, 干燥机 55, 贮斗 56, 主供料输送器 57等。
组合装置 、 B、 C之间的联系特征, 至少包括:
4-1: 组合装置 A的配供料组合装备 4与 B中的超细炭黑集料仓 20和 C中的炭黑产 品储罐 50之间存在有 B、 C向 A供给炭黑的机构, 所述机构包括输送管道、 输送皮带、 输送车辆的一种或一种以上的组合;
4-2:组合装置 A的供电变压器 8与 B的供电变压器 21和 C的汽轮机 49之间存在有 (:向4、 B供给电能的缆线;
4-3: 组合装置 A的蒸汽包 7与 C的汽轮机 49之间存在有 C向 A供给汽轮机低压蒸 汽的管路;
4-4:组合装置 A的粗胶粉粒加工成套组合装备 1与 B的废轮胎热裂解炉 9之间存在 有 A向 B供给杂废纤维、 低品位废橡胶的的机构, 所述机构包括输送管道、 输送皮带、 输送车辆的一种或一种以上的组合。
上述用实施例所表述的具体实施方式, 对本发明的内容作了进一步的描述, 这仅是 为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。 熟悉本领域的技术人员显然可 以容易地对这些实施例所表述的具体实施方式做出各种变化, 譬如将本发明提供的各单 元或组合装备、 装置、 系统, 按公知的产能匹配原理, 给出各种产能的组合装置 A或含 有组合装置 A的 、 B、 C集成装置。 这些具体实施方式的变化, 并不能脱离本发明的保 护范围。 因此, 本发明不限于这里的具体实施方式, 本领域技术人员根据本发明的内容 和实施例所揭示的具体实施方式, 在本发明技术方案框架下做出不脱离本发明范畴的变 动都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种适于废橡胶热再生的集成装置, 其特征是: 至少包括完成 "热再生"过程的 组合装置 A, 该组合装置 A包括以下结构: 在对废橡胶配方料实施混合或 /和加热操作的 单元或组合装备 (1 ) 的该进料口上, 或 /和对废橡胶配方料实施热处理后的放出料实施 搅拌冷却或 /和拌粉冷却操作的单元或组合装备 (2 ) 的进料口上, 设置有密闭的配供料 机械 (3)。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 所述集成装置适用于清洁化实施如 下所述的一种废橡胶热再生的方法:
所述 "热再生" 即过程 A, 包括: 按配方过 5〜40 目筛的废橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软化 剂 /粉末辅料的重量比在 100/8~150/20〜1500 范围的投料, 一次性将其加入搅拌加热器 中, 先被绝氧加热, 然后导入搅拌冷却器, 冷至 100Ό以下, 出料即得产品; 或将配方 投料中的粉末辅料的一部分或全部扣出缓投, 在前期入搅拌加热器的先投部分物料要出 料前, 再将先期扣出的粉末辅料加入搅拌加热器中混合, 或 /和在热料导入搅拌冷却器中 时再被加入, 待混合料冷至 10CTC以下, 出料得到产品; 或将配方投料经初混后, 直接 导进热螺杆挤出机中, 被挤过加热、 混合段后, 冷却料温至 100°C以下, 出料得到产品; 或由过程 , 与对废橡胶的热裂解处理过程 B, 或再加上由可燃油或 /和可燃气经热 裂解制备普通炭黑的过程 C之间, 建立有物料或 /和能的多向迁移关系。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 该组合装置 A包括:
在设置具备密闭、搅拌、加热或再加上耐压功能的釜或罐或槽的单元或组合装备(1 ) 的下出料口, 设置有具备密闭、 搅拌、 冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜或罐或槽的单元或组 合装备(2), 在所述(2) 的下出料口, 或再设置有碾压或 /和塑炼或 /和混炼功能的橡胶 单元机械(4), 或 /和设置有具备有对粉末料进行剧烈搅拌的单元机械(5 ), 另外还设置 有具备有向单元或组合装备(1 )提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置(6), 设置有具备有 移去单元或组合装备 (2 ) 或 /和 (4) 或 /和 (5 ) 热量的冷却装置 (7 );
或 /和更佳的是组合装置 A还设置有如下所列的一种或一种以上的组合:
在单元或组合装备 (1 ) 的下出口再设置有密闭串联的滤胶或精碾螺杆单元机械 ( 1-1 ), 设置向单元或组合装备 (1 )或 /和 (2 )或 /和配供料机械(3) 的供给氮气的气 源装置(8), 设置有吸收单元或组合装备(1 )或 /和 (2 )在存有热物料的同时所排出的 废气吸收或 /和再利用装置(9), 设置有余能利用系统(10 ), 设置自动化操控系统(11 )。
4、根据权利要求 1或 3任一权利要求所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 所述的单元机械 或组合装备 (1 ), 选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组合:
间隙式操作的废橡胶再生用密闭动态加热脱硫罐, 连续式操作的废橡胶再生用密闭 搅拌加热脱硫列管, 间隙式操作的化工通用型密闭搅拌加热釜, 间隙式操作的沥青胶粉 改性用密闭搅拌加热釜。
5、根据权利要求 1或 3任一权利要求所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 所述的单元机械 或组合装备 (2 ), 选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组合:
化工通用型密闭搅拌冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜, 通用型带冷却或再加上耐压功能 的粉体混合搅拌槽, 带冷却或再加上耐压功能的搅拌管, 橡胶制品业所用的橡胶、 粉体 混合机, 食品工业用再添加密闭、 冷却功能的面团混合机, 饲料工业用再添加密闭、 冷 却功能的面团混合机。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 所述的密闭的配供料机械(3 ), 选 用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组合:
料槽、 输送管、 计量衡器、 风机、 除尘器, 橡胶制品业中混炼工段所用的自动化密 闭配料机械, 配合词料工业中所用的自动化密闭配料机械。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 所述组合装置 A包含^ "涉及热螺 杆挤出机组合装备(12 ), 所述热螺杆挤出机带有如下所列的一种或一种以上的组合设置 相附配:
( 7-1 ):设置有包接在热螺杆挤出机出口的水剧冷腔装置,在水剧冷腔装置的上部设 置有水喷淋头或 /和水蒸汽抽排管, 在水剧冷腔装置的下部设置有放水出料口或 /和水封 弯头, 或再在水剧冷腔装置的侧面设置有玻璃密封的观察视窗;
( 7-2 ): 在水剧冷腔装置中的热螺杆挤出机出料口上, 设置有对挤出胶料实施绞碎 的机构, 在挤出机螺杆同轴外延伸的轴头上, 设置有同向旋转绞碎的旋刀, 旋刀的工作 动力来源于挤出机螺杆的带动;
( 7-3): ( 7-1 ) 所述的水剧冷腔装置, 在其下出口, 设置有循环冷却水池的液封;
( 7-4): 在 (7-3 )所述的循环冷却水池, 在其中设置有由滚动筛、 螺旋输送器、 管 链式输送器、 刮板式输送器、 带式输送器中的一种或一种以上的组合装置所构成的胶料 出水机构。
8、根据权利要求 1至 7中任一权利要求所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 所述组合装置 A还包括: 将废轮胎橡胶制品实施预处理, 加工破碎处理成过 5~40目筛的成套组合装备
( 13 ) 与组合装置 A予以配套衔接。
9、 根据权利要求 1至 8中任一权利要求所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 还包括: 对废橡胶实施热裂解以提取燃料油、可燃气、废橡胶裂解炭黑或 /和填料的组合装置 B; 或再加上以可燃的油、 气为炭源、 燃料, 经热裂解制备炭黑的组合装置 C所集成, 建 立起 A、 B、 C之间有传质联系的集成装置。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的集成装置, 其特征是: 所述 A、 B、 C之间有传质联系的 集成装置至少包括如下所述的一条或一条以上的组合:
( 10-1 ): 组合装置 A与 B或 /和 C之间存在有: B或 /和 C向 A供给炭黑或 /和填料 的机构, 或 /和 A向 B供给含胶粒的纤维、 钢丝骨架副产物的机构, 或 /和 A向 C供给胶 浆状废橡胶再生质产品作炭黑的造粒粘结剂的机构, 或 /和 B向 C供给可燃气或 /和热裂 解油的机构; 所述机构包括输送管道、 输送皮带、 输送车辆的一种或一种以上的组合;
( 10-2 ): 组合装置 A与 B或 /和 C之间存在有 B、 C向 A供给热能的管路或 /和电能 的缆线。
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