WO2011036396A1 - Structure poreuse du type titanate d'alumine - Google Patents
Structure poreuse du type titanate d'alumine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011036396A1 WO2011036396A1 PCT/FR2010/051969 FR2010051969W WO2011036396A1 WO 2011036396 A1 WO2011036396 A1 WO 2011036396A1 FR 2010051969 W FR2010051969 W FR 2010051969W WO 2011036396 A1 WO2011036396 A1 WO 2011036396A1
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- Prior art keywords
- less
- porous structure
- oxides
- structure according
- oxide
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- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
- C04B35/462—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
- C04B35/478—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on aluminium titanates
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- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
- F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a porous structure such as a catalytic support or a particulate filter whose material constituting the filtering and / or active part is based on alumina titanate.
- the ceramic material at the base of the ceramic supports or filters according to the present invention consist mainly of oxides of the elements Al, Ti.
- the porous structures are most often honeycomb and in particular used in an exhaust line of a diesel-type internal combustion engine, whose properties are improved.
- the exhaust gas depollution structures generally have a honeycomb structure.
- a particulate filter is subjected to a succession of filtration (soot accumulation) and regeneration (soot elimination) phases.
- the soot particles emitted by the engine are retained and are deposited inside the filter.
- the soot particles are burned inside the filter, in order to restore its filtration properties. It is thus conceivable that the mechanical strength properties at both low and high temperature of the constituent material of the filter are essential for such an application.
- the filters are mainly made of porous ceramic material, most often made of silicon carbide or cordierite.
- silicon carbide catalytic filters are for example described in patent applications EP 816 065, EP 1 142 619, EP 1 455 923 or else WO 2004/090294 and WO 2004/065088.
- Such filters make it possible to obtain chemically inert filtering structures with excellent thermal conductivity and having porosity characteristics, in particular the average size and the pore size distribution, which are ideal for a filtering application of soot from a thermal motor .
- a first disadvantage is related to the slightly high coefficient of thermal expansion of SiC, greater than 3.10 -6 K -1 , which does not allow the manufacture of monolithic filters of large size and usually forces the segment to be divided into several elements. honeycomb bonded by a cement, as described in application EP 1 455 923.
- a second disadvantage, of economic nature, is related to the extremely high cooking temperature, typically greater than 2100 ° C, allowing sintering ensuring a sufficient thermomechanical resistance of the honeycomb structures, especially during the successive phases of regeneration of the filter. Such temperatures require the installation of special equipment that significantly increases the cost of the filter finally obtained.
- cordierite filters are known and used for a long time, because of their low cost, it is now known that problems can occur in such structures, especially during poorly controlled regeneration cycles, during which the filter can be subjected locally to temperatures above the melting temperature of cordierite. The consequences of these hot spots can range from a partial loss of efficiency of the filter to its total destruction in the most severe cases.
- cordierite does not have sufficient chemical inertness, with respect to the temperatures reached during successive cycles of regeneration and is therefore likely to react and be corroded by the species from residues of lubricant, fuel or other oils , accumulated in the structure during the filtration phases, this phenomenon can also be at the origin of the rapid deterioration of the properties of the structure.
- the application EP 1 559 696 proposes the use of powders for the manufacture of honeycomb filters obtained by reactive sintering of aluminum, titanium and magnesium oxides between 1000 and 1700 ° C.
- the material obtained after sintering is in the form of a mixture of two phases: a majority phase of structural type pseudo-brookite Al 2 TiO 5 containing titanium, aluminum and magnesium and a minority phase feldspar, of the type y Ki_ y AlSi308.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a porous structure comprising an alternative material based on oxides, having properties, in particular in terms of thermal expansion coefficient, porosity and mechanical strength, improved so as to make it more advantageous.
- MORxPO compression modulus multiplied by the open pore volume
- the present invention relates to a porous structure comprising a ceramic material whose chemical composition comprises, in weight percentages on the basis of the oxides:
- said composition further comprising other selected elements, based on the oxides, among CaO, Na 2 ⁇ 0, K 2 0, SrO, B 2 O 3 , BaO, the total summed amount of said oxides being less than 15% and greater than 1% and said material being obtained by reactive sintering of said single oxides or of one of their precursors or by heat treatment of sintered grains corresponding to said composition.
- the porous structure is constituted by said ceramic material.
- AI 2 O 3 represents more than 20% of the chemical composition, the percentages being given by weight on the basis of the oxides corresponding to the elements present.
- AI 2 O 3 may represent more than 25% and more preferably more than 35% of the chemical composition.
- AI 2 O 3 represents less than 54%, or even less than 53% of the chemical composition, the percentages being given by weight on the basis of the oxides.
- Al 2 O 3 represents less than 52 ⁇ 6, or even less than 51% of the chemical composition, the percentages being given by weight on the basis of the oxides.
- T1O 2 represents more than 22% and very preferably more than 25% of the chemical composition.
- T1O 2 represents less than 43%, or even less than 40%, or even less than 38% of the chemical composition, the percentages being given by weight on the basis of the oxides.
- Si0 2 represents more than 2%, even more than 3%, or even more than 3.5% of the chemical composition.
- SiO 2 is less than 25% and very preferably less than 20% of the chemical composition, the percentages being by weight based on the oxides.
- the oxide (s) of Zr0 2 and / or Ce 2 O 3 and / or Hf0 2 represent (s) in their entirety more than 0.8% and very preferably more than 1%, even more than 2% of the chemical composition, the percentages being given by weight and on the basis of the oxides.
- the oxide (s) of Zr0 2 and / or Ce 2 O 3 and / or ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 represent (s) in whole less than 10% and very preferably less than 8% of the chemical composition.
- the composition comprises only zirconium oxide, in the proportions just described.
- the Zr0 2 can thus be replaced, in the same proportions, by a combination of Zr0 2 and Ce 2 O 3 , provided that the content in Zr0 2 remains greater than 0.7%, or even greater than 0.8%, or even greater than 1%.
- said material comprises more than 0.8% and less than 10% by weight, and very preferably less than 8% by weight, of (ZrC> 2 + Ce2O3), (ZrC> 2 + Ce2O3) being the mass sum of the contents of the two oxides in said composition.
- the composition nevertheless comprises other compounds in the form of unavoidable impurities.
- said reagents most often comprise a small amount of Hafnium, in the form of an impurity. inevitable, which can sometimes be up to 1% or 2% molar of the total amount of Zirconium introduced.
- MgO is less than 0.9-6, or even less than 0.5% or even less than 0.1% of the chemical composition, by weight based on the oxides.
- the porous structure comprises other elements such as boron, alkalis or alkaline earths of Ca, Sr, Na, K, Ba type, the total summed amount of said elements present being preferably less than 15% by weight, example less than 13%, or even 12% by weight based on the corresponding oxides B 2 O 3 , CaO, SrO, Na 2 ⁇ 0, K 2 0, BaO, relative to the weight percentage of all the oxides corresponding to the elements present in said porous structure.
- the total summed amount of said oxides may represent more than 1%, even more than 2%, even more than 4%, or even more than 5%, or even more than 6% of the chemical composition.
- the compositions of the structures according to the invention it is necessary, in order to obtain a higher porosity, to limit the concentration of the Na and K species.
- the sum of the oxides Na 2 ⁇ 0 and K 2 O in the composition in the oxide material constituting the structure is preferably less than 1 ⁇ 6 mass.
- the chemical composition according to the invention may further comprise other minority elements.
- the chemical composition may in fact comprise other elements such as Co, Fe, Cr, Mn, La, Y, Ga, the total summed amount of said elements present being preferably less than 2% by weight, for example less than 1.5. % or even less than 1.2% by weight based on the corresponding oxides CoO, Fe 2 ⁇ 3, Cr 2 0 3, Mn0 2, La 2 u 3, Y 2 O 3, Ga 2 ⁇ 3, based on the weight of all the oxides present in said composition.
- the weight percentage of each minority element, based on the weight of the oxide corresponds, is preferably less than 0.7 ⁇ 6, or even less than 0.6%, or even less than 0.5%.
- the porous structure according to the invention may further comprise mainly or consist of an oxide phase of the aluminum titanate type, at least one silicate phase and a phase consisting essentially of TiO 2 titanium oxide and / or zirconium oxide Zr0 2 and / or cerium oxide Ce0 2 and / or hafnium oxide Hf0 2 .
- the silicate phase (s) are in proportions ranging from 5 to 50% of the total weight of the material, preferably from 8 to 45% and very preferably from 10 to 40% of the total weight of the material.
- the said silicate phase (s) may consist mainly of silica and alumina.
- the proportion of silica in said silicate phase (s) is greater than 30%, or even greater than 35%.
- porous structure according to the invention may advantageously comprise a main oxide phase of the aluminum titanate type and have the following composition, in weight percentage on the basis of the oxides:
- the material constituting the porous structure according to the invention can be obtained according to any technique usually used in the field.
- the material constituting the structure can be obtained directly, in a conventional manner, by simply mixing the initial reactants in the appropriate proportions to obtain the desired composition and then by heating and reaction in the solid state (reactive sintering).
- Said reagents may be simple oxides, for example Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and optionally other oxides of elements that may enter the structure, for example in the form of a solid solution. It is also possible according to the invention to use any precursor of said oxides, for example in the form of carbonates, hydroxides or other organometallic elements of the preceding elements.
- precursors is meant a material which decomposes into the simple oxide corresponding to an often early stage of the heat treatment, that is to say at a heating temperature typically below 1000 ° C., or even below 800 ° C. even at 500 ° C.
- said reagents are sintered grains corresponding to the chemical composition as described above and obtained from said simple oxides.
- the mixture of the initial reactants is previously sintered, that is to say that it is heated to a temperature allowing the reaction of simple oxides to form sintered grains comprising at least one main phase of structure of the aluminum titanate type. It is also possible according to this mode to use the precursors of said oxides mentioned above.
- the mixture of the precursors is sintered, that is to say that it is heated to a temperature allowing a precursors reaction for forming sintered grains comprising at least a majority of a phase of structure of the aluminum titanate type and then ground to obtain initial reagents.
- a method of manufacturing such a structure according to the invention is in general the following:
- the initial reactants are mixed in the appropriate proportions to obtain the desired composition.
- the manufacturing method typically comprises a step of mixing the initial mixture of reagents with an organic binder of the methylcellulose type and a porogen, for example of the starch, graphite, polyethylene, PMMA, etc. type. and progressively adding water until the necessary plasticity is obtained to allow the extrusion step of the honeycomb structure.
- a porogen for example of the starch, graphite, polyethylene, PMMA, etc. type.
- the initial mixture is kneaded with 1 to 30% by weight of at least one pore-forming agent chosen according to the desired pore size, then at least one organic plasticizer and / or an organic binder and water.
- the kneading results in a homogeneous product in the form of a paste.
- the extrusion step of this product through a suitably shaped die makes it possible, according to well-known techniques, to obtain monoliths in the form of a honeycomb.
- the process may for example comprise a drying step of the monoliths obtained. During the drying step, the green ceramic monoliths obtained are typically dried by microwave or at a temperature and for a time sufficient to bring the water content not chemically bound to less than 1% by weight.
- the method may further comprise a plugging step of every other channel at each end of the monolith.
- the firing step of the monoliths whose filtering portion is based on aluminum titanate is in principle carried out at a temperature above 1300 ° C. but not exceeding 1800 ° C., preferably not exceeding 1750 ° C.
- the temperature is in particular adjusted according to the other phases and / or oxides present in the porous material.
- the monolithic structure is brought to a temperature of between 1300 ° C. and 1600 ° C. under an atmosphere containing oxygen or a neutral gas.
- the method may optionally comprise a step of assembling the monoliths in an assembled filtration structure according to well-known techniques, for example described in application EP 816 065.
- the filtering structure or the catalytic support made of porous ceramic material according to the invention is preferably of the honeycomb type and has a suitable porosity greater than 10%, a pore size centered between 5 and 60 microns, in particular between 20 and 70%, preferably between 30 and 60%, the average pore size being ideally between 10 and 20 microns, as measured by mercury porosimetry on a device of the micromeritics 9500 type.
- Such filtering structures typically have a central portion comprising a set of adjacent ducts or channels of axes parallel to each other separated by walls constituted by the porous material.
- the ducts are closed by plugs at one or other of their ends to delimiting inlet chambers s 'opening on a gas inlet face and outlet chambers s' opening on a gas evacuation face, so that the gas passes through the porous walls.
- the present invention also relates to a filter or a catalytic support obtained from a structure as previously described and by deposition, preferably by impregnation, of at least one supported or preferably unsupported active catalytic phase, typically comprising at least one precious metal such as Pt and / or Rh and / or Pd and optionally an oxide such as CeC> 2, ZrC> 2, CeO 2 ⁇ ZrO 2.
- the catalytic supports also have a honeycomb structure, but the conduits are not plugged and the catalyst is deposited in the pores of the channels.
- Alumina Almatis CL4400FG comprising 99.8% Al 2 O 3 and having a median diameter dso of approximately 5.2 ⁇ m
- TRONOX TR titanium oxide comprising 99.5% TiO 2 and having a diameter of the order of 0.3 ⁇ m
- Zirconia with a degree of purity greater than 98.5% and median diameter dso 3.5 ⁇ m, sold under the reference CC10 by the company Saint-Gobain ZirPro.
- the initial reagent mixtures were mixed and then squeezed in the form of cylinders which were then sintered at the temperature indicated in Table 1 for 4 hours in air at 1450 ° C (series of Examples 1) or at 1500 ° C. (series of examples 2).
- Table 1 the temperature indicated in Table 1 for 4 hours in air at 1450 ° C (series of Examples 1) or at 1500 ° C. (series of examples 2).
- the samples or materials of the examples which follow are thus obtained.
- the density was measured by the classical Archimedes method techniques.
- the porosity reported in Table 1 corresponds to the difference, given in percentages, between the theoretical density (expected maximum density of the material in the absence of any porosity and measured by helium picnometry on the ground product) and the measured density.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 relate to structures not in accordance with the invention in that they comprise a too low level of zirconium or strontium.
- Table 1 shows an improvement in the combined characteristics of porosity and mechanical strength: For an identical sintering or baking temperature, it can be seen that the porosity of the example according to the invention is comparable to that of the comparative example. At the same time, as shown in Table 1, the example according to the invention has a resistance R significantly greater than that of the comparative example.
- the porous structure obtained according to the present invention has a compromise between the mechanical strength and the significantly improved porosity.
- the value of the MORxPO product compression modulus of rupture multiplied by the open pore volume
- the compromise between mechanical strength and porosity is systematically much higher for the porous body according to the invention. , for the same sintering temperature.
- Examples 1 and 1a corresponding to the composition according to the main claim attached and comprising more than 3.5% SiO 2 and more than 1% total oxides CaO, Na 2 O, K 2 O, SrO , B 2 O 3 , BaO, have the best compromises, compared with Comparative Examples 1 (ZrO 2 level less than 0.7%) and CaO, Na 2 O, K 2 O, SrO, B 2 0 3 , BaO less than 1%).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201080042278.5A CN102639461B (zh) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-09-21 | 钛酸铝多孔结构 |
JP2012530315A JP5543603B2 (ja) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-09-21 | アルミナチタネート多孔質構造体 |
EP10770600A EP2480517A1 (fr) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-09-21 | Structure poreuse du type titanate d'alumine |
US13/395,787 US20120171412A1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-09-21 | Alumina titanate porous structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0956500 | 2009-09-22 | ||
FR0956500A FR2950340B1 (fr) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Structure poreuse du type titanate d'alumine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011036396A1 true WO2011036396A1 (fr) | 2011-03-31 |
Family
ID=41819345
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2010/051969 WO2011036396A1 (fr) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-09-21 | Structure poreuse du type titanate d'alumine |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120171412A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2480517A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5543603B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20120084720A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102639461B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2950340B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011036396A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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BR112015007346A2 (pt) * | 2012-10-05 | 2017-07-04 | Imerys | estruturas de cerâmica |
US9988311B2 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2018-06-05 | Corning Incorporated | Aluminum titanate compositions, ceramic articles comprising same, and methods of manufacturing same |
US20180127321A1 (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2018-05-10 | Imerys | Ceramic compositions |
CN111675532A (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-18 | 秦皇岛松浦工业炉有限公司 | 一种陶瓷保温炉制造工艺 |
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See also references of EP2480517A1 |
V. P. TARASOVSKII AND E. S. LUKIN: "Aluminum Titanate - Methods of production, microstructure and properties (Review)", REFRACTORIES AND INDUSTRIAL CERAMICS, vol. 26, no. 5, 23 April 2005 (2005-04-23), Springer, New York, pages 285 - 294, XP002574030, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.springerlink.com/content/u745g4147233834p> [retrieved on 20100318], DOI: 10.1007/BF01539594 * |
WOHLFROMM H ET AL: "Microstructural characterization of aluminum titanate-based composite materials", JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, BARKING, ESSEX, GB, vol. 7, no. 6, 1 January 1991 (1991-01-01), pages 385 - 396, XP024175436, ISSN: 0955-2219, [retrieved on 19910101] * |
WOHLFROMMH ET AL: "Effect of ZrSiO4 and MgO additions on reaction sintering and properties of Al2TiO5-based materials", JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, SPRINGER NETHERLANDS, NL, vol. 25, no. 8, 1 August 1990 (1990-08-01), pages 3753 - 3764, XP002512515, ISSN: 0022-2461 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5543603B2 (ja) | 2014-07-09 |
KR20120084720A (ko) | 2012-07-30 |
EP2480517A1 (fr) | 2012-08-01 |
JP2013505196A (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
CN102639461A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
FR2950340B1 (fr) | 2015-07-17 |
CN102639461B (zh) | 2016-05-18 |
US20120171412A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
FR2950340A1 (fr) | 2011-03-25 |
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