Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
  • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
  • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
  • H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
  • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
  • H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
  • H01M6/08—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with cup-shaped electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
  • H01M6/08—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with cup-shaped electrodes
  • H01M6/085—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with cup-shaped electrodes of the reversed type, i.e. anode in the centre
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
  • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an electrochemical element having a housing, two electrodes, one of which abuts the inside of the housing and defines a cavity in which the other is arranged, and a separator arranged between the electrodes.
• alkali manganese batteries ie cells with a positive electrode of manganese dioxide (Mn ⁇ 2) and a negative electrode of zinc and an alkaline electrolyte, the latter in particular based on KaIi- hydroxide (KOH)
• the positive electrode is formed as a hollow cylinder whose outside contacts the inside of a cup-shaped cell housing. Inside the positive electrode is disposed the negative electrode and also a separator to physically separate the positive electrode from the negative electrode while allowing ion transport between the two electrodes.
• the negative electrode is usually formed by mixing the active zinc compound in the form of a zinc alloy powder with the alkaline electrolyte and a gelling agent. The mixture is distributed in the cavity formed inside the positive electrode, or the cavity is filled with the mixture. Subsequently, a collector assembly is inserted into the open end of the cup-shaped cell housing. The negative electrode is preferably contacted via a pin-shaped collector, which is pressed upon insertion of the collector assembly in the cavity or in the negative electrode located therein. Finally, the cell housing is sealed, typically by placing a cover over the collector assembly. To seal the cell, The walls of the cell housing can be folded over this cover.
• the positive electrode designed as a hollow cylinder is generally not introduced in one piece into the cup-shaped cell housing, but rather in the form of individual segments, which then form the positive electrode when combined.
• a disc-shaped segment can be inserted into a cylindrical cup-shaped cell housing, on which subsequently a plurality of annular segments are stacked.
• the inner diameter of the annular segments determines the volume and diameter of the cavity for the negative electrode.
• the outer diameters of both the disk-shaped and the annular segments are usually matched exactly to the corresponding inner diameter of the cup-shaped cell housing.
• electrochemical cells of the type described have a very high capacity. On the other hand, they also have a relatively high internal resistance, which can result in poor discharge characteristics. In particular, for pulse-shaped discharge profiles and for discharges under high current densities, the cells described are not optimally designed, which is why they are not or only partially suitable for many applications.
• the present invention was accordingly the task in particular to improve the discharge characteristics of the generic electrochemical elements mentioned above and thus to expand their potential range of applications. This object is achieved by the electrochemical element with the features of claim 1.
• Preferred embodiments of the electrochemical element according to the invention can be found in the dependent claims 2 to 15. The wording of all claims - hereby incorporated by reference into the content of this specification.
• An electrochemical element according to the invention like the generic electrochemical elements described above, always comprises a housing having an inner side, a first electrode abutting the inside of the housing, which at the same time defines a cavity and a second electrode of opposite polarity disposed within this cavity.
• an inventive electrochemical element always has a separator which is arranged between the first and the second electrode.
• the first electrode is composed at least of at least two, preferably three or more individual segments. These borders on the one hand via first contact surfaces flat against each other and are on the other hand over other contact surfaces flat on the inside of the housing.
• the second electrode usually fills the cavity in the interior of the first electrode substantially completely. Your contacting can be done for example via a pin-shaped collector, as described above.
• the electrochemical element according to the invention is characterized in that between the first contact surfaces of the at least two individual segments over which the individual segments are flatly adjacent, at least one connecting means is arranged, which electrically connects the segments.
• at least one connecting means between the segments of the internal resistance of electrochemical elements of the type described above could be drastically reduced. Partially, reductions in internal resistance could be significantly more than half - - are measured, which of course has a positive effect on the potential range of applications of the electrochemical element according to the invention. This is better than comparable electrochemical elements known from the prior art, even for applications in which the mentioned demanding pulse-shaped discharge profiles occur or for discharges under high current densities.
• An electrochemical element according to the invention is preferably a commercially available battery.
• the housing of an electrochemical element is preferably formed substantially cylindrical.
• Housing of an electrochemical element according to the invention particularly preferably has a standardized size such as, for example, AA (Mignon), AAA (Micro), C (Baby) or D (Mono).
• AA AA
• AAA Mocro
• C Biller
• D Mono
• the first electrode can comprise, for example, a disk-shaped and one or more annular individual segments preferably each having the same outer diameter. If one puts e.g.
• the volume or the dimensions of the cavity are determined by the dimensions and the number of annular individual segments (in particular by their inner diameter).
• An electrochemical element according to the invention preferably comprises two or more of the already mentioned annular individual segments, each with the same outside and inside diameter.
• Especially preferred - - It has a first electrode, which consists of these two or more annular individual segments.
• the at least one connecting means is then arranged in each case between adjacent segments, so that adjacent segments are in each case conductively connected to one another via the at least one connecting means.
• the formed as a hollow cylinder part of the first electrode or the first electrode as a whole consist correspondingly particularly preferably of a plurality of stacked present annular individual segments each having the same outer and inner diameter. Consequently, it is also preferred that the cavity within the first electrode, which is formed by the stacked present individual segments, is formed substantially cylindrical.
• the annular individual segments preferably have a small height compared to their outer diameter. In the contact surfaces in which the individual segments adjoin one another flat, they are preferably the end faces of the segments. The size of the contact surfaces is correspondingly preferably defined by the outer and inner diameters of the annular individual segments.
• an electrochemical element according to the invention preferably comprises a connecting means of a material which has a higher electrical conductivity than the material of which the first electrode is made.
• Particularly suitable are connecting means made of metal, in particular of a metal foil or a metal sheet.
• connection means between the segments at least one contact layer, which can be formed, for example, from an electrically highly conductive composition.
• Corresponding conductive pastes which may contain, for example, metal particles or conductivity-improving components such as carbon black or graphite, are known to the person skilled in the art.
• the at least one connecting means does not extend only to the area between the contact surfaces of the segments of the first electrode of an electrochemical element according to the invention. Instead, it may be preferred that the at least one connecting means extends into the contact region between the further contact surfaces of the segments and the inside of the housing and thus electrically connects the segments not only to each other but also to the housing. It should again be made clear that, of course, electrical connections between the inside of the housing and the electrode resting on the inside and between individual segments of the positive electrode also exist in the electrochemical elements already mentioned in the prior art. However, the use of the at least one bonding agent according to the present invention improves the electrical conduction between these components to an extent that was not foreseeable by those skilled in the art. By seen in itself very simple technical measure, the introduction of a bonding agent between see two in contact, in itself already electrically conductive components of an electrochemical element, thus a technical effect is achieved with significant positive effects.
• the at least one connecting means is formed annularly, in particular its outer and / or inner diameter preferably corresponds to the outer and / or inner diameter of the annular individual segments used. It thus optimally fills the contact area between the individual segments in preferred embodiments. In embodiments in which it also extends into the contact region between the further contact surfaces of the segments and the inside of the housing, it is preferred that the annular connecting means comprises at least one preferably strip-shaped extension which is integrally formed on the outside of the ring.
• the first electrode of an electrochemical element according to the invention is preferably the positive electrode.
• the second electrode of an electrochemical element according to the invention is preferably the negative electrode.
• the positive electrode is a manganese dioxide electrode.
• the negative electrode is particularly preferably a zinc electrode.
• the inventive electrochemical element is in particular an alkali-manganese cell. As such, of course, it preferably also has a corresponding alkaline electrolyte.
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of an electrochemical element according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a connection means for electrically contacting individual segments of the first electrode. - o -
• FIG. 1 a preferred embodiment of an electrochemical element 100 according to the invention is shown schematically.
• the electrochemical element 100 is shown partly in cross-section (right), partly in an uncut view with hidden edges (left) shown. It has on the one hand a cup-shaped housing 101 with a substantially cylindrical shell and a substantially planar, circular bottom portion.
• the first electrode 102 designed as a hollow cylinder abuts, which is composed of the individual segments 103, 104, 105 and 106. These individual segments are each ring-shaped and each have an identical outer and inner diameter.
• Within the housing 101 they are arranged in the shape of a stack and define at their center the cavity 107.
• the negative electrode 108 is arranged, which in turn is surrounded by a cup-shaped separator 109, which separates the electrodes 102 and 108 from one another.
• the mentioned individual segments 103, 104, 105 and 106 adjoin one another via first contact surfaces 103a, 104b, 104a, 105b, 105a and 106b (the respective end faces of adjacent segments). Via further contact surfaces 103c, 104c, 105c and 106c (the respective lateral surfaces of the annular individual segments
• 103, 104, 105 and 106) adjoin them flatly on the inside 101a of the housing 101.
• a connecting means (110, 111 and 112) is arranged, which connects the segments 103, 104, 105 and 106 electrically conductively.
• this connection means not only covers the area between the first contact surfaces 103a, 104b, 104a, 105b, 105a and 106b, but also extends into the contact area between the further contact surfaces 103c, 104c and 105c of the respective segments and the inside of the housing 101 and thus connects both the individual segments 103,
• the cup-shaped housing 101 thus comprises one pole of the electrochemical element 100.
• the other pole 113 is located on the open side of the housing cup 101.
• the pin-shaped arrester 114 projects into the cavity 107 in the interior of the first electrode 102, thereby contacting the second electrode 108 arranged therein.
• the cover 114 Via the cover 114 , which simultaneously isolates the pole 113 from the housing 101, the open end of the housing cup 101 is sealed.
• the connecting means 200 shown in FIG. 2 is a ring-shaped metal foil 201 with four strip-shaped extensions 202, 203, 204 and 205.
• the connecting means 200 corresponds in form and function to the connection means 110, 111 and 112 which are located in the Fig. 1 illustrated electrochemical element 100 are installed.
• the outer and inner diameter of the ring 201 corresponds exactly to the outer and inner diameter of the illustrated in Fig. 1 individual segments 103, 104, 105 and 106 of the first electrode 108. If such a connecting means in a cup-shaped housing 101, as shown in FIG. 1, inserted flat, so the strip-shaped extensions 202, 203, 204 and 205 buckle upwards. Thus, if three such connecting means, as shown in Fig.
• connection means 110 1, arranged as connecting means 110, 111 and 112 between the individual segments 103, 104, 105 and 106, the strip-shaped extensions 202, 203, 204 and 205, the mentioned electrically conductive connection between form the further contact surfaces 103c, 104c and 105c of the respective segments and the inner side 101a of the housing 101.
• the annular part 201 of the connection means 200 connects the segments 103, 104, 105 and 106 with each other.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
• Primary Cells (AREA)
• Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
• Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=43063205

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (1)

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Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2009
  • 2009-08-26 DE DE102009039945A patent/DE102009039945A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-07-12 CN CN201080037841.XA patent/CN102612770B/zh active Active
  • 2010-07-12 KR KR1020127006633A patent/KR20120055685A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-07-12 WO PCT/EP2010/059959 patent/WO2011023447A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2010-07-12 US US13/390,547 patent/US8673484B2/en active Active
  • 2010-07-12 EP EP10732358.6A patent/EP2471131B1/de active Active
  • 2010-07-12 JP JP2012525953A patent/JP5563085B2/ja active Active

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