WO2011004742A1 - 移動体用空気ばね、および移動体用台車 - Google Patents
移動体用空気ばね、および移動体用台車 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011004742A1 WO2011004742A1 PCT/JP2010/061105 JP2010061105W WO2011004742A1 WO 2011004742 A1 WO2011004742 A1 WO 2011004742A1 JP 2010061105 W JP2010061105 W JP 2010061105W WO 2011004742 A1 WO2011004742 A1 WO 2011004742A1
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- Prior art keywords
- carriage
- restraining member
- air spring
- restraining
- vehicle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
- F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
- B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
- B61F5/10—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating fluid springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/40—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers consisting of a stack of similar elements separated by non-elastic intermediate layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/08—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber
- F16F3/10—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
- F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
- F16F9/0454—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall characterised by the assembling method or by the mounting arrangement, e.g. mounting of the membrane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/0052—Physically guiding or influencing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air spring for a moving body, in particular, an air spring used between a bogie of a railway vehicle and a vehicle body, and a moving body bogie provided with the air spring.
- An air spring is used as a pillow spring provided between a bogie and a vehicle body.
- an air spring having a structure in which a diaphragm and a stopper rubber are combined is frequently used, and the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is attenuated by using the air spring.
- the air spring with this structure has a non-linear characteristic of the spring constant in the vertical direction and exhibits excellent vibration absorption capability, but the horizontal spring constant is almost linear, and the force to stop the horizontal relative movement of the carriage and the vehicle body is weak .
- air springs with non-linear characteristics are used by limiting the movement of the stopper rubber in the vehicle left-right direction, especially for railway vehicle applications intended for high-speed running.
- Such an air spring functions as a relatively soft spring having a spring constant as a combination of a diaphragm and a stopper rubber during straight running, and if the lateral displacement exceeds a certain level during curve running, the stopper rubber is deformed. Is limited, and only the diaphragm functions as a spring, so that a large spring constant can be obtained.
- Such an air spring is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing an air spring disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- a diaphragm 6 is configured to be sandwiched between the outer cylinder 5 and the lower surface plate 7, and the inside is pressurized with air to function as one spring.
- a laminated rubber as the stopper rubber 1 is provided between the lower surface plate 7 and the sandwiching plate 3 and functions as another spring.
- the laminated rubber has a structure in which a plurality of rubber layers 2 are laminated between the upper plate 4 and the sandwiching plate 3 via the plates.
- the protruding member 14 fixed to the clamping plate 3 and the elongated hole 13a provided in the stopper flange 13 fixed to the lower surface plate are formed into the elongated member 13 as shown in FIG. It is configured to be fitted into 13a. Therefore, the displacement of the stopper rubber 1 is limited by contact with the side wall of the long hole in one direction and contact with the end of the long hole in the other direction.
- Such a structure does not deteriorate the ride comfort during straight running, that is, when the air spring has a small lateral displacement, it does not increase the lateral spring constant of the entire air spring, and provides a favorable non-linear effect at a large displacement. Therefore, it is possible to easily cope with the increase in the vehicle speed on the conventional track.
- further improvement in ride comfort is desired in consideration of high-speed traveling on conventional tracks.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found the problems in the current stopper structure as follows to arrive at the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- a movable vehicle composed of a carriage and a vehicle body is used between the carriage and the vehicle body, and is provided with a diaphragm provided between an outer cylinder connected to the vehicle body and a bottom plate, a clamping plate connected to the carriage, and the lower plate.
- An air spring for a moving body provided with a stopper rubber provided between a face plate and a first stop member provided on one of the clamping plate and the bottom plate, and provided on the other
- a displacement restraining mechanism constituted by the second restraining member, and the traveling direction of the mobile vehicle during straight running when the air spring is attached to the mobile vehicle is the front-rear direction and the front-rear direction in the horizontal plane.
- the first restraining member When the direction perpendicular to the left-right direction is the left-right direction, the first restraining member has left and right outer surfaces positioned in the left-right direction from the horizontal cross-sectional center of the first restraining member, and the second restraining member is Left across the first stop member
- Each of the first and second restraining members is provided with restraining wall surfaces facing the left and right outer surfaces on both sides, and the first or second restraining member is displaced so as to draw an arc around the carriage shaft of the movable body carriage.
- the distances between the left and right outer surfaces of the first restraining member and the restraining wall surface of the second restraining member are the same.
- the shape of the restraining wall surface is formed (claim 1).
- the pair of air springs provided on the left and right sides of the carriage can be configured to have the same spring characteristics even during curve driving.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a diaphragm provided between an outer cylinder connected to the vehicle body and a bottom plate, and the vehicle used between the vehicle and the vehicle body in a mobile vehicle composed of the vehicle and the vehicle body.
- An air spring for a moving body provided with a sandwiching plate connected to the lower surface plate and a stopper rubber provided between the lower surface plate and a first spring provided on one of the sandwiching plate and the lower surface plate
- a second restraining member provided on the other side, the displacement restraining mechanism is provided, and the traveling direction of the mobile vehicle during straight running in a state where the air spring is attached to the mobile vehicle
- the first restraining member has left and right outer surfaces respectively positioned in the left and right directions from the center of the horizontal cross section of the first restraining member.
- the second restraining member is The left and right sides sandwiching one restraining member have restraining wall surfaces facing the left and right outer surfaces, respectively, and the first or second restraining member draws an arc around the carriage shaft of the movable carriage.
- the left and right outer surfaces of the first stopping member and the stopping wall surface of the second stopping member The shape of the stop wall surface is formed so that each interval becomes narrower as the displacement amount of the displacement that draws the arc increases (Claim 2).
- the stopper rubber In the lateral displacement (swing) of the carriage and the vehicle body, the stopper rubber is restrained with a smaller displacement than when the distance between the restraining members is narrower, and the air spring becomes a solid spring as a whole.
- the air spring of the present invention when the first or second restraining member is displaced so as to draw an arc around the carriage shaft of the movable body carriage, that is, when the movable body travels a curve, the first restraining member is provided.
- the distance between the left and right outer surfaces of the second restraining member and the restraining wall surface of the second restraining member is configured to become narrower as the displacement amount of the displacement that draws the arc increases, so that the spring constant increases as the curvature of the curve increases. Is likely to increase, and ride comfort is improved even at high speeds.
- the shape of the restraining wall surface is preferably formed so that the distance is the same (claim 3).
- a pair of air springs provided on the left and right sides of the carriage can be configured to have the same spring characteristics even during curve driving.
- the first restraining member is preferably a member having a cylindrical outer surface (Claim 4). This is because it can be easily formed concentrically with the central axis of the air spring, has a degree of freedom in design, and has high strength and can suppress manufacturing costs.
- the second restraining member is composed of two independent left and right parts, and is fixed so that one part is located on either the left or right side of the first restraining member and the other part is located on either the left or right side. Good to be done. Since the wall surface can be designed and manufactured individually, there is a degree of freedom in design and manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
- the restraining wall surface of the second restraining member is a curved surface having an arc centered on the carriage shaft that is the rotational axis of the carriage in a horizontal section. If comprised in this way, both the 1st stop member and the stop wall surface of a 2nd stop member will displace relatively on the circular arc centering on a trolley
- the 2nd stop member is provided so that the displacement of the stopper rubber in the left-right direction may be suppressed, the displacement in the front-rear direction may not be suppressed.
- the first restraining member may be configured not to include a mechanism composed of a wall surface or the like that suppresses the displacement with respect to the longitudinal displacement (Claim 6).
- the present application provides a moving body carriage characterized by comprising a plurality of the moving body air springs (Claim 7).
- the air spring according to the present invention as a pillow spring of a carriage, it is possible to achieve a stable and good vibration damping characteristic even during curve driving and to obtain a vehicle with improved riding comfort.
- the truck is provided with four wheels by two axles, and two air springs are provided symmetrically with respect to the rotational axis of the carriage in a position between the axles in the longitudinal direction of the carriage. It is a trolley for moving bodies. If the cart is a bolsterless cart, the air spring of the present invention can be more preferably applied.
- FIG. 2A schematically shows a configuration of a typical railway vehicle as viewed from above.
- the vehicle includes a vehicle body 101 and two carriages 111 and 112 provided at the lower part of the vehicle body.
- the carriage is provided with two-axle and four-wheel wheels (not shown) and travels on a track.
- the center line of the orbit is indicated by 120.
- the vehicle body 101 is connected to the carriages 111 and 112 by two left and right air springs 131, 132, 133, and 134, and is fixed so that the carriage can be rotationally displaced in the horizontal direction around the carriage axis.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which the track center line 120 is curved with a certain curvature, and an angle ⁇ formed by the vehicle body and the carriage is called a bogie angle.
- FIG. 2 (b) is a diagram for explaining the rotation of the carriage and the displacement state of the air spring in the carriage 112 of (a).
- the original position of the carriage and the position rotationally displaced by the curve are indicated by squares 112a and 112b, respectively.
- the outer cylinder is fixed to the vehicle body, and the holding plate is fixed to the carriage, so that vibration and displacement between the automobile body and the carriage are absorbed. Therefore, when the carriage and the vehicle body are relatively displaced as in curve traveling, the outer cylinder and the sandwiching plate are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction. Such displacement is a bogie angle ⁇ about the carriage shaft.
- 133 and 134 are the positions of the original air springs, that is, the positions of the outer cylinders fixed to the vehicle body, and 133a and 134a are the positions of the displaced air springs of the carriage, that is, the positions of the clamping plates. is there. In this way, the outer cylinder and the clamping plate are displaced by the bogie angle ⁇ about the carriage shaft.
- FIG. 3 shows the cylindrical projecting member 14 fixed to the sandwiching plate 14 and both side walls (straight side walls) 13b and 13c of the long hole 13a fixed to the bottom plate in the displaced state as shown in FIG. FIG.
- the outer cylinder and the sandwiching plate are displaced by the bogie angle ⁇ , but the lower surface plate supported in the middle by the diaphragm and the stopper rubber is displaced to the middle position thereof.
- it is displaced by an angle ⁇ smaller than the bogie angle ⁇ .
- Both side walls and the projecting member 14a indicated by dotted lines in the figure each indicate a neutral position during straight running. That is, it is a position when the stopper rubber is not deformed at all and remains at the original positions of the lower surface plate and the holding plate.
- the gap between the side wall and the protruding member is L1 on both the right and left sides of the protruding member.
- the outer cylinder and the lower surface plate of the air spring, and the lower surface plate and the sandwiching plate absorb vibrations by swinging left and right via the diaphragm and the stopper rubber, respectively.
- the stopper rubber is deformed by L1, so that the protrusion member comes into contact with the side wall to stop the displacement on the stopper rubber side, and only the diaphragm can function.
- the pair of air springs A and B provided on the right side and the left side of the vehicle are provided on the object of the rotating shaft of the carriage, so that they are in the opposite direction with respect to the relative left and right deflection of the vehicle body and the carriage.
- the protruding member 14b is displaced with the sandwiching plate by the bogie angle ⁇ , and the side walls 13b and 13c are displaced by the angle ⁇ together with the lower surface plate.
- the protruding member is further displaced by an angle ⁇ - ⁇ around the carriage shaft than the side wall, the distance from the side wall is changed. That is, similarly to both the air spring A and the air spring B, the distance between the protruding member and the side wall located outside the vehicle is large L3, and conversely, the distance between the side wall located inside the vehicle and L2 is small. ing.
- the air spring A moves in a direction as small as L2, and the air spring B moves in a direction as large as the distance L3. Therefore, the air spring A is in a state in which the displacement of the stopper rubber is first restrained, and the air spring B is not yet restrained, resulting in an unbalanced state of the spring constants of the left and right air springs, leading to a deterioration in riding comfort. .
- the use of the air spring of the present invention for a mobile vehicle, and the use of a carriage equipped with the air spring of the present invention makes it possible to exhibit a stable vibration control function and improve riding comfort. Is planned.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an air spring having the structure of the present invention.
- the right half from the center of the figure represents a cross section in the left-right direction when a substantially circular air spring as a whole as viewed from above and below is attached to the movable body carriage.
- the left half from the center of the figure represents a cross section in the front-rear direction.
- the diaphragm 21 is structured to be inflated by applying air pressure to the inside by being airtightly attached to the umbrella-shaped outer cylinder 10 having a connection shaft with an air hole as a center and the lower surface plate 30.
- a stopper rubber 50 is attached to the lower part of the lower surface plate 30.
- the stopper rubber is composed of a single layer or a plurality of rubber layers.
- the rubber layer 51 and the plate 52 are alternately stacked and sandwiched and fixed between the upper plate 20 and the sandwiching plate 40.
- the sandwiching plate 40 and the lower surface plate 30 are provided with air holes, and air pressure can be applied to the diaphragm.
- Various structures can be applied to these air holes.
- the outer cylinder diameter is about 0.5 m to about 1.5 m
- the sandwich plate has a diameter of about 0.2 m to about 0.7 m.
- a flat-arc-shaped cover concentrically covering the diaphragm at a 180 ° opposite position is attached to the outer cylinder so that the diaphragm comes into contact with the cover when the horizontal displacement of the air spring reaches a certain amount.
- the air reaction force of the diaphragm may be increased.
- the amount of horizontal displacement can be reduced without an impact.
- the side wall member 70 which is the second restraining member at the lower part of the bottom plate, is composed of two independent parts, and is bolted to positions facing each other 180 degrees across the central axis of the air spring. ing.
- the protruding member 60 as the first restraining member is formed in a cylindrical shape with the central axis as an axis integrally with the holding plate. By restricting the outer peripheral surface of the protruding member 60 to the side wall 71 of the side wall member 70, it is possible to limit the displacement due to the deformation of the stopper rubber 50.
- the bottom plate is provided with a side wall member and the sandwiching plate is provided with a protruding member.
- the bottom plate may be provided with a protruding member and the sandwiching plate may be provided with a sidewall member.
- the side wall member is attached as a separate member from the lower surface plate, but may be formed integrally with the lower surface plate.
- the structure is not limited to the structure projecting downward from the bottom plate, and a similar wall material may be provided on the bottom plate.
- the projecting member is an example configured as a part integrated with the sandwiching plate, but may be a combination of different parts. In any case, these specific configurations are matters that can be appropriately designed in consideration of the ease of design and manufacturing, materials, and manufacturing costs as long as the features of the restraining member of the present invention are provided.
- the outer diameter of the portion of the protruding member facing the side wall member is 30 mm to 70 mm, and the distance between the left and right side walls of the side wall member is 34 mm to 120 mm.
- the side wall member 70 is integrally formed as a groove as a part of the lower surface plate 30, and the protruding member 60 is integrally formed on the sandwiching plate 40 as a cylindrical convex body. It is configured.
- the stopper rubber is shown as a single layer, and other detailed structures are omitted.
- the outer cylinder 10, the lower surface plate 30, and the sandwiching plate 40 are arranged concentrically up and down.
- FIG. 5A shows a cross-sectional view of the air spring cut in the left-right direction
- FIG. 5B shows a cross-section cut in the front-rear direction.
- the direction in which the vehicle travels in the straight traveling state is the front-rear direction
- the width direction of the vehicle perpendicular thereto is the left-right direction.
- FIG. 5C is an enlarged schematic view of the portion formed by the projecting member 60 and the side wall member 70 as viewed from above, and the projecting member 60 is in a hole provided in the lower surface plate as the side wall member. A relatively displaced state is shown.
- the protruding member 61 in FIG. 5C shows the original position before displacement.
- FIG. (A) shows a state in which the outer cylinder 10 fixed to the vehicle body (not shown) and the clamping plate 40 fixed to the carriage (not shown) are displaced by the relative displacement between the vehicle body and the carriage. That is, the diaphragm 21 and the stopper rubber 50 are deformed following the relative displacement between the outer cylinder 10 and the sandwiching plate 40.
- the protruding member 60 is in contact with the side wall member 70 and cannot be displaced any more. Therefore, the relative displacement of the vehicle body and the carriage, that is, the outer cylinder 10 and the sandwiching plate 40 is absorbed only by the deformation of the diaphragm.
- FIG. (A) shows a state in which the outer cylinder 10 fixed to the vehicle body (not shown) and the clamping plate 40 fixed to the carriage (not shown) are displaced by the relative displacement between the vehicle body and the carriage. That is, the diaphragm 21 and the stopper rubber 50 are deformed following the relative displacement between the outer cylinder 10 and the sandwiching plate 40.
- the relative displacement between the vehicle body and the carriage, that is, the outer cylinder 10 and the clamping plate 40 is a state in which both the deformation of the diaphragm and the deformation of the stopper rubber are shared and absorbed at a ratio corresponding to the spring constant.
- the ratio of the displacement between the diaphragm and the stopper rubber is designed so that the stopper rubber is about 5% to 50% of the total relative displacement, and at most about 60% is a normal range. If the spring constant of the diaphragm is the same, increasing the displacement sharing ratio of the stopper rubber will soften the stopper rubber, that is, reduce the spring constant.
- a curved surface that is the surface of the protruding member and a curved surface that is the surface of the left and right side wall members as shown in FIG. It is in the point that consists of. Since each of them is a curved surface, it is possible to design the same distance between the left and right surfaces even when running on a curve.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating the relative positional relationship of the restraining members in the air spring as an example of the present invention used in the vehicle when the vehicle travels in a curve as in FIG. 3.
- the side wall member 70 has a side wall 71a that faces the protruding member on the side far from the center of the carriage, and a side wall 71b that faces the protruding member on the side near the center of the carriage.
- the projecting member 60 has a surface 60a facing the side wall 71a and a surface 60b facing the side wall 71b.
- the projecting member is described as a cylindrical member, but it may be a member divided into a part having 60a and a part having 60b.
- the outer cylinder and the sandwiching plate are displaced by the bogie angle ⁇ , but the lower surface plate supported in the middle by the diaphragm and the stopper rubber is displaced to the middle position thereof.
- it is displaced by an angle ⁇ smaller than the bogie angle ⁇ .
- the surface interval between the protruding member and both side walls is L1 (not shown).
- the stopper rubber is deformed by L1, so that the protrusion member comes into contact with the side wall to stop the displacement on the stopper rubber side, and only the diaphragm can function.
- the pair of air springs A and B provided on the right side and the left side of the vehicle are provided on the object of the rotating shaft of the carriage, so that they are in the opposite direction with respect to the relative left and right deflection of the vehicle body and the carriage. Move. That is, if the carriage moves relatively in the left direction in the figure, the projecting member approaches the side wall 71b in the air spring A, and the projecting member approaches the side wall 71a in the air spring B. Since the distance between the protruding member and the side wall is the same L1 on the left and right, the left and right protruding members function simultaneously.
- the side wall shape is such that the distance L3 between the protruding member surface 60a and the side wall 71a and the distance L2 between the protruding member surface 60b and the side wall 71b are equal.
- the side wall 71a and the side wall 71b are formed in circular arc shapes with radii Ra and Rb around the bogie axis O of the bogie provided with the air spring.
- the left and right projecting members function simultaneously, and the left and right air springs A and B can exhibit the same spring characteristics.
- the mounting distance between the left and right air springs is 1.5 m to 3.5 m, and the distance from the bogie shaft to the center of the protruding member is 0.75 m to 1.75 m. is there.
- the distance between the protruding member and the side wall is preferably 2 mm to 25 mm. Therefore, when the outer surface diameter of the protruding member is 30 mm to 70 mm, the arc radius Ra of the side wall is 690 mm to 1734 mm, and Rb is 767 mm to 1810 mm. *
- the side walls are concentric arc shapes as in this example, the design and manufacture are easy in that the distance can be made constant.
- the left and right sides of the projecting member 60 are displaced to the left and right.
- the shape is not limited as long as the structure has the same interval.
- the shape of the side wall is not limited to an arc having a constant curvature, and may be a curved surface with a changing curvature.
- the side wall member can also be formed with a shape that is not strictly equidistant, for example, a combination of straight lines approximating arcs, etc.
- a shape that is not strictly equidistant for example, a combination of straight lines approximating arcs, etc.
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a horizontal cross section of the protruding member 60 and the side wall member 70. This is an example of a configuration in which the left-right distance from the side wall member 70 is narrowed when the protruding member 60 is displaced so as to draw an arc around the carriage shaft O.
- FIG. 7A shows a straight line with the side wall located inside, a straight line with the outer side wall bent, FIG.
- FIG. 7B shows a straight line with both bent
- FIG. 7C shows a curved line with both.
- the curve (c) is preferable in that a smooth characteristic change can be obtained according to the amount of displacement.
- a particularly preferred configuration is as follows. In FIG. 4C, the distance from the carriage shaft in the neutral position in the left-right direction is Ra to the inner side wall, R to the center of the protruding member, and Rb to the outer side wall.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating the relative positional relationship of the restraining members in the air spring as an example of one aspect of the present invention used in the vehicle when the vehicle travels in a curve, as in FIG. 3. .
- the side wall member 70 has a side wall 71a that faces the protruding member on the side far from the carriage shaft, and a side wall 71b that faces the protruding member on the side near the center of the carriage.
- the projecting member 60 has a surface 60a facing the side wall 71a and a surface 60b facing the side wall 71b.
- the projecting member is described as a cylindrical member, but it may be a member divided into a part having 60a and a part having 60b.
- the outer cylinder and the clamping plate are displaced by the bogie angle ⁇ , but the lower surface plate supported in the middle by the diaphragm and the stopper rubber is displaced to the intermediate position thereof.
- it is displaced by an angle ⁇ smaller than the bogie angle ⁇ .
- the surface interval between the protruding member and both side walls is L1 (not shown).
- the stopper rubber is deformed by L1, so that the protrusion member comes into contact with the side wall to stop the displacement on the stopper rubber side, and only the diaphragm can function.
- the pair of air springs A and B provided on the right side and the left side of the vehicle are provided on the object of the rotating shaft of the carriage, so that they are in the opposite direction with respect to the relative left and right deflection of the vehicle body and the carriage. Move. That is, if the carriage moves relatively in the left direction in the figure, the projecting member approaches the side wall 71b in the air spring A, and the projecting member approaches the side wall 71a in the air spring B. Since the distance between the protruding member and the side wall is the same L1 on the left and right, the left and right protruding members function simultaneously.
- the side wall 71a is formed such that the distance L3 between the protruding member surface 60a and the side wall 71a becomes narrower as the amount of relative displacement ⁇ increases.
- the side wall 71b is formed so that the distance L2 between the protruding member surface 60b and the side wall 71b becomes narrower as the amount of relative displacement ⁇ increases.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the state in which the protruding member is displaced by ⁇ 2 and the state in which the side wall member is displaced by ⁇ 3 in a state where the side wall member is displaced from the left-right direction by an angle ⁇ .
- the displacement angle ⁇ of the side wall member slightly changes with the displacement of ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, but here, ⁇ is assumed to be the same in order to facilitate explanation from the viewpoint of the difference in relative displacement.
- the distance between the left and right side walls 71a and 71b is L3 ( ⁇ 2) and L2 ( ⁇ 2), respectively, and in the projecting member 63 displaced by ⁇ 3, the distance between the left and right side walls is L3 ( ⁇ 3), respectively.
- Side walls are formed so that L2 ( ⁇ 3) and L2> L3.
- the side wall 71a is configured by a curve having a larger curvature than the curve of the radius Ra centered on the bogie axis O
- the side wall 71b has a curvature larger than the curve of the radius Rb centered on the bogie axis O.
- the restraining members of the two air springs provided for the truck shaft function simultaneously, and the left and right air springs A and B can exhibit the same spring characteristics.
- the mounting interval of the left and right air springs is 1.5 m to 3.5 m, and the distance from the carriage shaft to the center of the projecting member is 0.75 m to 1 m. .75 m.
- the distance between the protruding member and the side wall is preferably 2 mm to 25 mm.
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a typical structural diagram of the cart.
- Two air springs 130 are provided at the left and right intermediate positions of the carriage frame 110 provided with the two-axle and four-wheel wheels 140 with the carriage shaft 150 interposed therebetween.
- An air spring is an air spring provided with the structure concerning this invention, and the structure of FIG. 4 is illustrated.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の空気ばねは、特に鉄道車両として広く用いられている2軸4輪のボギー台車に用いられることが適している。図7に当該台車の代表的な構造図を模式的に示す。2軸4輪の車輪140が設けられた台車枠110の左右中間位置に台車軸150を挟んで2つの空気ばね130が設けられている。空気ばねは本発明にかかる構造を備えた空気ばねであり、図4の構造が例示される。このように本発明の空気ばねを用い、当該台車上に車体をおくことによって、先に説明した通り本発明の機能を活かすことができる。よって、このように構成された台車と車体による鉄道車両では、より良い乗り心地を得ることができる。
7,30 下面板
6,21 ダイヤフラム
4,20 上部プレート
3,40 挟持板
2,51 ゴム層
1,50 ストッパーゴム
14,60,61,62,63 突状部材
13 ストッパフランジ
13a 長孔
52 プレート
70 側壁部材
13b,13c,71,71a,71b 側壁
60b,60a 突状部材面
L1,L2,L3 間隔
101 車体
110 台車枠
111,112 台車
120 軌道中心線
130,131,132,133,134,A,B 空気ばね
140 車輪
150 台車軸
Claims (7)
- 台車と車体から構成される移動体車両において台車と車体間に使用され、該車体に接続される外筒と下面板との間に設けられたダイヤフラムと、台車に接続される挟持板と前記下面板との間に設けられたストッパーゴムとを備えた移動体用の空気ばねであって、
前記挟持板と前記下面板のいずれか一方に設けられた第1の制止部材と、他方に設けられた第2の制止部材により構成される変位抑制機構を備えており、
該空気ばねを移動体車両に取り付けた状態における該移動体車両の直線走行時の進行方向を前後方向、水平面内で前後方向に直角な方向を左右方向とした場合に、
前記第1の制止部材は該第1の制止部材の水平断面中心から左右方向にそれぞれ位置する左右外表面を具え、
前記第2の制止部材は前記第1の制止部材を挟んだ左右両側にてそれぞれが前記左右外表面と対向する制止壁面を具え、
前記第1または第2の制止部材が前記移動体台車の台車軸を中心として円弧を描くように変位した場合の前記第1の制止部材と前記第2の制止部材との相対的位置関係において、前記第1の制止部材の前記左右外表面と前記第2の制止部材の前記制止壁面とのそれぞれの間隔が同一になるように制止壁面の形状が形成されていること、
を特徴とする移動体用空気ばね。 - 台車と車体から構成される移動体車両において台車と車体間に使用され、該車体に接続される外筒と下面板との間に設けられたダイヤフラムと、台車に接続される挟持板と前記下面板との間に設けられたストッパーゴムとを備えた移動体用の空気ばねであって、
前記挟持板と前記下面板のいずれか一方に設けられた第1の制止部材と、他方に設けられた第2の制止部材により構成される変位抑制機構を備えており、
該空気ばねを移動体車両に取り付けた状態における該移動体車両の直線走行時の進行方向を前後方向、水平面内で前後方向に直角な方向を左右方向とした場合に、
前記第1の制止部材は該第1の制止部材の水平断面中心から左右方向にそれぞれ位置する左右外表面を具え、
前記第2の制止部材は前記第1の制止部材を挟んだ左右両側にてそれぞれが前記左右外表面と対向する制止壁面を具え、
前記第1または第2の制止部材が前記移動体台車の台車軸を中心として円弧を描くように変位した場合の前記第1の制止部材と前記第2の制止部材との相対的位置関係において、前記第1の制止部材の前記左右外表面と前記第2の制止部材の前記制止壁面との間隔が、前記円弧を描く変位の変位量が大きくなるに従って狭くなるように制止壁面の形状が形成されていること、
を特徴とする移動体用空気ばね。 - 前記第1の制止部材の前記左右外表面と前記第2の制止部材の前記制止壁面とのそれぞれの間隔が、前記円弧を描く変位の変位量が大きくなるに従って狭くなると共に、左右それぞれの間隔が同一になるように制止壁面の形状が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の移動体用空気ばね。
- 前記第1の制止部材は円柱状の外表面を持つ部材であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の移動体用空気ばね。
- 前記第2の制止部材の前記制止壁面は、水平断面において台車軸を中心とする円弧をなす曲面であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の移動体用空気ばね。
- 前記第1の制止部材の前記前後方向の変位に対して、該変位を抑制する機構を備えないことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の移動体用空気ばね。
- 請求項1乃至6の移動体用空気ばねを複数備えたことを特徴とする移動体用台車。
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US13/133,079 US8540220B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-06-30 | Air spring for vehicle and railway truck for vehicle |
CN201080002721.6A CN102165213B (zh) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-06-30 | 用于车辆的空气弹簧和用于车辆的铁路转向架 |
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JP2009-160770 | 2009-07-07 | ||
JP2009-214025 | 2009-09-16 | ||
JP2009214025A JP4911210B2 (ja) | 2009-09-16 | 2009-09-16 | 移動体用空気ばね、および移動体用台車 |
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US20110233832A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
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US8540220B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 |
CN102165213B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
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