WO2010092632A1 - 照明用レンズ、発光装置、面光源および液晶ディスプレイ装置 - Google Patents
照明用レンズ、発光装置、面光源および液晶ディスプレイ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010092632A1 WO2010092632A1 PCT/JP2009/003947 JP2009003947W WO2010092632A1 WO 2010092632 A1 WO2010092632 A1 WO 2010092632A1 JP 2009003947 W JP2009003947 W JP 2009003947W WO 2010092632 A1 WO2010092632 A1 WO 2010092632A1
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- light
- optical axis
- light emitting
- radiated
- light source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
- G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
- G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an illumination lens that widens the directivity of a light source such as a light emitting diode, and an illumination device using the illumination lens. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a surface light source including a plurality of illumination devices, and a liquid crystal display device in which the surface light source is disposed behind a liquid crystal panel as a backlight.
- a large number of cold cathode fluorescent lamps are arranged directly under the liquid crystal panel, and these cold cathode fluorescent lamps are used together with members such as a diffusion plate and a reflector.
- a light emitting diode has been used as a light source of a backlight.
- Light-emitting diodes have been improved in efficiency in recent years, and are expected as light sources with low power consumption instead of fluorescent lamps.
- the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device can be reduced by controlling the brightness of the light emitting diodes according to the image.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a lens that can obtain a uniform surface light source even with a small number of light emitting diodes. Has been.
- a circular lens is arranged on the light emitting diode in a plan view for controlling the directivity of the chip light emitting diode.
- the lens has a concave surface in the vicinity of the optical axis on the light exit surface that emits light, and a convex surface that is continuous with the concave surface on the outer side.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an illumination lens capable of further widening the directivity of a light source, and to provide a light emitting device, a surface light source, and a liquid crystal display device including the illumination lens.
- the inventor of the present invention considers that how to distribute strong light around the light emitting diode chip in the front direction is important for widening the directivity. I intentionally came up with the idea of using total internal reflection to distribute the light going to the front of the LED chip to the surroundings. The present invention has been made from such a viewpoint.
- the present invention is an illumination lens for extending light from a light source to irradiate a surface to be irradiated, the incident surface on which light from the light source is incident, and an optical axis for emitting the incident light.
- a first light-emitting surface that is recessed toward a point on the optical axis, and a first light-emitting surface that extends outward from a peripheral edge of the first light-emitting surface. Out of the radiated light radiated from the base point and reaching the first output surface when the position of the light source on the optical axis is a base point.
- a total reflection region that totally reflects the emitted light, and the second exit surface is It is emitted from the point and has a shape that transmits substantially the total amount of radiation reaching to the second output surface, providing illumination lens.
- substantially total amount means 90% or more of the total amount, and may be the total amount or a slightly smaller amount than the total amount.
- the present invention is a light emitting device comprising: a light emitting diode that emits light; and an illumination lens that expands light from the light emitting diode and irradiates a surface to be irradiated.
- a light-emitting device that is an illumination lens.
- the present invention provides a plurality of light emitting devices arranged in a plane and a state in which light emitted from one surface of the plurality of light emitting devices is diffused from the other surface.
- a surface light source comprising: a diffuser plate that radiates at a plurality of light emitting devices, wherein each of the plurality of light emitting devices provides the surface light source.
- the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal panel and the surface light source disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal panel.
- most of the light emitted from the light source and reaching the transmission region located on the center side of the first emission surface is refracted in the transmission region and centered on the optical axis of the lens on the irradiated surface. Irradiate the area.
- most of the light emitted from the light source and reaching the total reflection area located on the outer peripheral side of the first emission surface is totally reflected in the total reflection area.
- a reflector is disposed on the incident surface side of the illumination lens. In the case where the light is applied, the light is finally irradiated to an area away from the optical axis of the lens on the irradiated surface.
- the directivity of the light source can be made wider. For this reason, it is possible to make the outer diameter of the lens smaller than that of a conventional lens that is only refracted on the concave surface.
- Configuration diagram of illumination lens according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention 1 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG.
- Configuration diagram of light-emitting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention Optical path diagram of light rays reaching the transmission region of the first emission surface of the light emitting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- Configuration diagram of illumination lens of modification 7 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG.
- the graph which shows the relationship between r / R and (theta) i- (theta) n of Example 3 of the light-emitting device based on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- Illuminance distribution of Example 1 of light-emitting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention Illuminance distribution of Example 2 of light-emitting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- Illuminance distribution of Example 3 of light-emitting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention Illuminance distribution of only light emitting diodes for confirming the effects of Examples 1 to 3
- Configuration diagram of a surface light source according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention Partial sectional view of a surface light source according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention Illuminance distribution when the light emitting device of Example 1 is used with the surface light source according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an illumination lens 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the illumination lens 1 is disposed between a directional light source (not shown in FIG. 1) and the irradiated surface 3, and extends the light from the light source to irradiate the irradiated surface 3. That is, the directivity of the light source is widened by the illumination lens 1.
- the illuminance distribution on the surface to be irradiated 3 decreases substantially monotonically as the distance on the optical axis A, which is the design center line of the illumination lens 1, reaches the maximum.
- the light source and the illumination lens 1 are arranged so that their optical axes coincide with each other.
- the illumination lens 1 has an incident surface 11 on which light from a light source is incident and an output surface 12 that emits incident light. Further, the illumination lens 1 has a bottom surface 13 that faces the exit surface 12 around the entrance surface 11. Further, the illumination lens 1 has an outer peripheral surface 14 that connects the peripheral edge of the output surface 12 and the outer peripheral edge of the bottom surface 13 outside the output surface 12.
- the incident surface 11 does not need to be rotationally symmetric with respect to the optical axis A.
- the incident surface 11 is closer to the exit surface 12 than the annular bottom surface 13 surrounding the incident surface 11, and the light source is fitted in a recess formed by these steps.
- the incident surface 11 may be located on the same plane as the bottom surface 13.
- the area optically joined to the light source is the incident surface 11.
- the incident surface 11 does not necessarily have to be directly joined to the light source, and may be recessed in a hemispherical shape so as to form an air layer between the light source and the light source, for example.
- the exit surface 12 is rotationally symmetric with respect to the optical axis A.
- the exit surface 12 is a region (a region on the inner side from the point B shown in FIG. 1) that controls light of a predetermined amount (for example, 90%) or more of the light amount of the light source, and when the exit surface 12 is viewed from the optical axis direction. Is the effective diameter of the illumination lens 1.
- the outer peripheral surface 14 forms a curved surface continuous with the emission surface 12 in the present embodiment, but may be a tapered surface having a linear cross section. Or although illustration is abbreviate
- the outer peripheral surface 14 does not need to be rotationally symmetric with respect to the optical axis A.
- the outer peripheral surface 14 has a pair of flat portions parallel to each other with the optical axis A in between, and the illumination lens 1 is light It may be oval when viewed from the axial direction.
- the light from the light source is incident on the illumination lens 1 from the incident surface 11, is then emitted from the emission surface 12, and reaches the irradiated surface 3.
- the light emitted from the light source is expanded by the action of the emission surface 12 and reaches a wide range of the irradiated surface 3.
- a light emitting diode can be adopted.
- the light-emitting diode is often a rectangular plate-shaped chip, and it is preferable that the incident surface 11 of the illumination lens 1 has a shape that matches the shape of the light-emitting diode so as to be in close contact with the light-emitting diode.
- the light emitting diode is in contact with the incident surface 11 of the illumination lens 1 via a bonding agent, and is optically bonded to the incident surface 11.
- the light emitting diode is usually covered with a sealing resin so as not to come into contact with air. However, since the illumination lens 1 plays the role of a sealing resin, it is not necessary to separately arrange the sealing resin.
- a sealing resin for a conventional light emitting diode epoxy resin, silicon rubber, or the like is used.
- the illumination lens 1 is made of a transparent material having a predetermined refractive index.
- the refractive index of the transparent material is, for example, about 1.4 to 1.5.
- an epoxy resin, a silicon resin, an acrylic resin, a resin such as polycarbonate, or a rubber such as silicon rubber can be used.
- an epoxy resin or silicon rubber used as a sealing resin for the light emitting diode it is preferable to use an epoxy resin or silicon rubber used as a sealing resin for the light emitting diode.
- the exit surface 12 includes a first exit surface 121 that is recessed toward a point on the optical axis A, and a second exit surface 122 that forms a convex surface while spreading outward from the peripheral edge of the first exit surface 121.
- the light that enters the illumination lens 1 from the incident surface 11 has a large angular range. Light having a small angle from the optical axis A reaches the first emission surface 121, and light having a large angle from the optical axis A reaches the second emission surface 122.
- the base point Q is defined, and the radiation emitted from the base point Q is considered.
- the base point Q is the position of the light source on the optical axis A, and when a light emitting diode is adopted as the light source, it is the intersection of the optical axis A and the emission surface that is the front of the light emitting diode. That is, the base point Q is separated from the incident surface 11 by the thickness of the bonding agent described above.
- emitted from the base point Q is the 1st output surface 121 bordering on angle (theta) b which the line which connected the boundary of the 1st output surface 121 and the 2nd output surface 122, and the base point Q, and the optical axis A makes
- the second exit surface 122 is the 1st output surface 121 bordering on angle (theta) b which the line which connected the boundary of the 1st output surface 121 and the 2nd output surface 122, and the base point Q, and the optical axis A makes
- the second exit surface 122 is the 1st output surface 121 bordering on angle (theta) b which the line which connected the boundary of the 1st output surface 121 and the 2nd output surface 122, and the base point Q, and the optical axis A makes
- the second exit surface 122 is the 1st output surface 121 bordering on angle (theta) b which the line which connected the boundary
- the first emission surface 121 transmits radiated light whose angle from the optical axis A is less than a predetermined angle ⁇ p among radiated light radiated from the base point Q and reaching the first emission surface 121.
- the transmission region 123 and the total reflection region 124 that totally reflects the radiated light that is radiated from the base point Q and reaches the first emission surface 121 with the angle from the optical axis A having a predetermined angle ⁇ p or more. That is, ⁇ p is an angle formed by a line connecting the point P and the base point Q and the optical axis A when a point on the boundary between the transmission region 123 and the total reflection region 124 is a point P.
- the second emission surface 122 has a shape that transmits substantially the entire amount of radiated light that is radiated from the base point Q and reaches the second emission surface 122.
- the angle between the radiated light from the base point Q and the optical axis A increases toward the outside of the second exit surface 122, but the angle of the ray of the radiation with respect to the normal at the point where the radiated light reaches the second exit surface 122 Is an incident angle with respect to the second exit surface 122, and if the incident angle becomes too large, total reflection occurs.
- the shape of the second exit surface 122 is such that the angle between the normal and the optical axis A increases as the distance from the optical axis A increases. Become convex.
- the second emission surface 122 does not necessarily need to transmit the radiated light radiated from the base point Q over the entire surface (that is, transmit the entire amount), and part of the radiated light radiated from the base point Q is not necessarily transmitted. You may have the shape which reflects and permeate
- the illumination lens 1 In the case of the illumination lens 1 as described above, most of the light emitted from the light source and reaching the transmission region 123 located on the center side of the first emission surface 121 is refracted in the transmission region 123 and irradiated surface 3. Is irradiated to an area centered on the optical axis A of the lens. On the other hand, most of the light emitted from the light source and reaching the total reflection region 124 located on the outer peripheral side of the first emission surface 121 is totally reflected by the total reflection region 124, for example, on the incident surface 11 side of the illumination lens 1. In the case where a reflecting plate is provided, the light is finally irradiated to an area on the irradiated surface 3 away from the optical axis A of the lens.
- the directivity of the light source can be made wider. For this reason, it is possible to make the outer diameter of the lens smaller than that of a conventional lens that is only refracted on the concave surface.
- the basic aspect of the illumination lens 1 of the present embodiment has been described above, but a preferable aspect of the illumination lens 1 of the present embodiment will be described below.
- An angle ⁇ b (see FIG. 1) formed by the line connecting the boundary between the first emission surface 121 and the second emission surface 122 and the base point Q and the optical axis A is expressed by the following equation (1). 20 ° ⁇ b ⁇ 40 ° (1) Is preferably satisfied.
- Expression (1) is an expression that defines the range of the first exit surface 121, defines the range of the first exit surface 121 by an angle (polar coordinate) from the base point Q, and the optical axis A of the lens on the irradiated surface 3. And the light irradiated to the area (hereinafter referred to as “outer peripheral area”) away from the optical axis A of the lens on the irradiated surface 3. The range that can be divided into an appropriate amount is given.
- ⁇ b is 40 ° or more
- the range of the first emission surface 121 is increased, and the light near the optical axis from the light source is excessively distributed outward. Occurs, resulting in uneven illuminance.
- ⁇ b is 20 ° or less
- the range of the first emission surface 121 becomes small, and the light irradiated to the area near the optical axis in the irradiated surface 3 increases while the light irradiated to the outer peripheral area is insufficient. Therefore, not only unevenness in illuminance occurs, but also directivity becomes narrow.
- the point where the first emission surface 122 intersects the optical axis A is a point C
- the distance between the point C and the base point Q is d
- the point C and the point P described above are connected.
- the length of the straight line is a
- Expression (2) is an expression that defines the range of the transmission region 123 on the first emission surface 121 and represents the amount of light irradiated to the area near the optical axis on the irradiated surface 3.
- the thickness of the illumination lens 1 on the optical axis A (that is, the distance from the point C to the incident surface 11) is d ′, and the outermost diameter of the illumination lens 1 is R.
- d ′ / 2R the thickness of the illumination lens 1 on the optical axis A
- R the outermost diameter of the illumination lens 1
- ⁇ L / ⁇ S in the formula (4) represents the ratio of the illuminance distribution depending on the presence or absence of the illumination lens. Resulting in insufficient illuminance. On the other hand, when the ratio is 2.0 or less, the lens itself becomes large and the compactness and cost performance deteriorate. Directivity becomes narrower.
- the illumination lens of the present invention can also be applied to light sources other than light emitting diodes (for example, lasers or organic EL).
- the first emission surface 121 has a regular reflection region 125 covered with a reflection layer 126 instead of the total reflection region 124 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, of the radiated light radiated from the base point Q and reaching the first emission surface 121, the radiated light whose angle from the optical axis A is equal to or larger than the predetermined angle ⁇ p is regularly reflected by the reflective layer 126. Note that the optical path of the regularly reflected radiation is the same as in the case of total reflection.
- the reflective layer 126 may be composed of a reflective film in which a reflective material is applied to the regular reflective region 125 and cured, or may be composed of a reflective sheet attached to the regular reflective region 125.
- the angle of the first emission surface 121 can be made gentler than when the total reflection is used, and the degree of freedom in designing the lens shape can be increased.
- the regular reflection region 125 may have the same shape as the total reflection region 124. That is, the regular reflection region 125, when there is no reflection layer 126, out of all the radiated light radiated from the base point Q and reaching the first emission surface 121, the radiated light whose angle from the optical axis A is equal to or greater than the predetermined angle ⁇ p. It may be a reflective shape.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the light-emitting device 7 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the light-emitting device 7 includes a light-emitting diode 2 that emits light, and the illumination lens 1 described in the first embodiment that expands light from the light-emitting diode 2 and irradiates the irradiated surface 3.
- the light emitting diode 2 is disposed in close contact with the incident surface 11 of the illumination lens 1 with a bonding agent and optically bonded.
- the light emitted from the emission surface 12 of the illumination lens 1 reaches the illuminated surface 3 and illuminates the illuminated surface 3.
- the light emission in the light emitting diode 2 is light having no directivity, but the refractive index of the light emitting region is 2.0 or more, and when light enters a region where the refractive index is low, the interface refraction influences the interface.
- the maximum intensity is in the normal direction, and the greater the angle from the normal direction, the lower the light intensity.
- the light emitting diode 2 has directivity, and in order to illuminate a wide range, it is necessary to widen the directivity with the illumination lens 1.
- FIG. 4 is an optical path diagram of the light emitting device 7.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an optical path of a light beam that is emitted from a light source at a small angle and reaches the transmission region 123 (see FIG. 2) of the first emission surface 121.
- the light emitted from the light emitting diode 2 passes through the incident surface 11 and reaches the transmission region 123 of the first emission surface 121.
- the reached light passes through the transmission region 123 of the first emission surface 121 while being refracted, and then reaches the irradiated surface 3.
- FIG. 5 is an optical path diagram of the light emitting device 7.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an optical path of a light beam that is emitted from a light source at a small angle and reaches the total reflection region 124 (see FIG. 2) of the first emission surface 121.
- the light emitted from the light emitting diode 2 passes through the incident surface 11 and reaches the total reflection region 124 of the first emission surface 121.
- the reached light is totally reflected in the total reflection region 124 of the first emission surface 121.
- the light close to the optical axis A reaches the second exit surface 122 by total reflection, and then passes through the second exit surface 122 while being refracted.
- FIG. 6 is an optical path diagram of the light emitting device 7.
- FIG. 6 an optical path of a light beam that is emitted from a light source at a large angle and reaches the second emission surface 122 will be described.
- the light emitted from the light emitting diode 2 passes through the incident surface 11 and reaches the second emission surface 122.
- the second light exit surface 122 does not have a shape that totally reflects a part of the light, the light that has arrived passes through the second light exit surface 122 while being refracted, and then reaches the irradiated surface 3. .
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a light emitting device according to Examples 1 to 3 of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the first embodiment is a design example for the purpose of expanding directivity by using a light emitting diode of 0.45 mm square as a light source.
- ⁇ i is an angle between the optical axis A and a straight line connecting a light source position (base point Q) on the optical axis A and an arbitrary position on the emission surface 12.
- ⁇ n in FIG. 9 is emitted in the angle direction of ⁇ i from the normal line of the emission surface 12 at an arbitrary position on the emission surface 12, in other words, the light source position (base point Q) on the optical axis A.
- the normal line of the emission surface 12 at the position where the light reaches the emission surface 12 is an angle formed with the optical axis A. Further, sagY in FIG. 9 is a distance measured in the optical axis direction from a light source position (base point Q) on the optical axis A to an arbitrary position on the emission surface 12.
- Example 1 Next, specific numerical values of Example 1 are shown in Table 1.
- FIG. 10 is a graph of ⁇ i and sagY in Table 1.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between r / R and ⁇ i ⁇ n.
- r / R is a value obtained by normalizing the distance in the direction parallel to the incident surface 11 from the optical axis A to an arbitrary position on the emission surface 12 with the lens outermost radius (r: from the optical axis).
- ⁇ i ⁇ n is the angle of the ray of the radiation with respect to the normal at the point where the radiated light radiated at the angle of ⁇ i reaches the exit surface 12, and represents the incident angle on the exit surface 12.
- the condition of the total reflection region 124 of the first emission surface 121 is that ⁇ i ⁇ n is 45.172 ° or more because the refractive index of the transparent material constituting the lens of Example 1 is 1.41. Therefore, FIG. 13 shows that in the first embodiment, a narrow range near the optical axis on the first emission surface 121 is the transmission region 123, and a wide range away from the optical axis is the total reflection region 124. Show. FIG. 13 also shows that in the first embodiment, the second emission surface 122 totally reflects the radiated light emitted from the base point Q over the entire surface.
- FIG. 16 shows the irradiation surface obtained by calculation when the light emitting device of Example 1 (illumination lens and light emitting diode of FIG. 10) is arranged and the irradiation surface is arranged at a position 8 mm away from the light emitting diode.
- FIG. 19 shows the illuminance distribution on the irradiated surface obtained by calculation when only the same light emitting diode as in FIG. 16 is disposed and the irradiated surface is disposed at a position 8 mm away from the light emitting diode.
- 16 and 19 show illuminance distribution curves on the irradiated surface when the illuminance at the optical axis center is normalized as 1.
- the distribution width ⁇ L of illuminance of 0.2 or more in the illuminance distribution curve in FIG. 16 is 0.48
- Example 2 Next, specific numerical values of Example 2 are shown in Table 2.
- FIG. 11 is a graph of ⁇ i and sagY in Table 2.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between r / R and ⁇ i ⁇ n. The r / R and ⁇ i ⁇ n in FIG. 14 are the same as those in FIG.
- Example 2 as in Example 1 described above, the lens is made of a material having a refractive index of 1.41. Accordingly, the condition of the total reflection region 124 of the first emission surface 121 is that ⁇ i ⁇ n is 45.172 ° or more as in the first embodiment. Therefore, FIG. 14 shows that in the second embodiment, a wider range than the first embodiment is the transmission region 123 and a narrower range than the first embodiment is the total reflection region 124. FIG. 14 also shows that in the second embodiment, the second emission surface 122 totally reflects the radiated light emitted from the base point Q over the entire surface.
- FIG. 17 shows the irradiation surface obtained by calculation when the light emitting device of Example 2 (the illumination lens and the light emitting diode of FIG. 11) is arranged and the irradiation surface is arranged at a position 8 mm away from the light emitting diode. Represents the illuminance distribution.
- FIG. 17 shows the illuminance distribution curve on the irradiated surface when the optical axis center illuminance is normalized as 1, similarly to FIG. Comparing FIG. 17 and FIG. 19, it can be seen that the illuminated surface can be widely illuminated by the effect of the illumination lens.
- Example 3 Next, specific numerical values of Example 3 are shown in Table 3.
- FIG. 12 is a graph of ⁇ i and sagY in Table 3.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between r / R and ⁇ i ⁇ n. The r / R and ⁇ i ⁇ n in FIG. 15 are the same as those in FIG.
- Example 3 as in Example 1 described above, the lens is made of a material having a refractive index of 1.41. Accordingly, the condition of the total reflection region 124 of the first emission surface 121 is ⁇ i ⁇ n of 45.172 ° or more as in the third embodiment. Therefore, FIG. 15 shows that in the third embodiment, a wider range than the first embodiment is the transmission region 123 and a narrower range than the first embodiment is the total reflection region 124. FIG. 15 also shows that in the second embodiment, the second emission surface 122 totally reflects part of the radiated light emitted from the base point Q and transmits the rest.
- FIG. 18 shows an example of the irradiation surface obtained by calculation when the light emitting device of Example 3 (illumination lens and light emitting diode of FIG. 12) is arranged and the irradiation surface is arranged at a position 8 mm away from the light emitting diode. Represents the illuminance distribution.
- FIG. 18 shows the illuminance distribution curve on the irradiated surface when the optical axis center illuminance is normalized as 1, similarly to FIG. Comparing FIG. 18 and FIG. 19, it can be seen that the illuminated surface can be widely illuminated by the effect of the illumination lens.
- FIG. 20 is a configuration diagram of the surface light source 8 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the surface light source 8 includes a plurality of light emitting devices 7 described in the second embodiment, which are arranged in a plane, and a diffuser plate 4 arranged so as to cover these light emitting devices 7.
- the light emitting devices 7 may be arranged in a matrix as shown in FIG. 20, or may be arranged in a staggered manner.
- the surface light source 8 includes a substrate 65 facing the diffusion plate 4 with the light emitting device 7 interposed therebetween. As shown in FIG. 21, the light emitting diode 2 of each light emitting device 7 is mounted on the substrate 65.
- the reflector 6 is disposed on the substrate 65 so as to cover the substrate 65 while avoiding the light emitting diode 2.
- the incident surface 11 of the illumination lens 1 and the surrounding bottom surface 13 are located on the same plane.
- the light emitting device 7 irradiates light to the one surface 4 a of the diffusion plate 4. That is, one surface 4a of the diffusion plate 4 is the irradiated surface 3 described in the first and second embodiments.
- the diffusing plate 4 radiates light irradiated on the one surface 4a in a state of being diffused from the other surface 4b.
- Each light emitting device 7 irradiates light having a uniform illuminance over a wide range on one surface 4a of the diffusion plate 4, and this light is diffused by the diffusion plate 4 so that there is little luminance unevenness in the surface.
- a surface light source is created.
- the light from the light emitting device 7 is scattered by the diffusion plate 4 and returns to the light emitting device side or passes through the diffusion plate 4.
- the light that returns to the light emitting device side and enters the reflection plate 6 is reflected by the reflection plate 6 and then enters the diffusion plate 4 again.
- FIG. 22 shows a calculation when four light-emitting devices of Example 1 including the illumination lens and the light-emitting diode of FIG. 10 are arranged on a straight line at a pitch of 20 mm, and a diffusion plate is arranged at a position 8 mm away from the light-emitting diode.
- the obtained illuminance distribution on the diffusion plate incident surface (one surface on the light emitting device side) is shown. This is because fine waves are seen in the illuminance distribution, but the number of light rays to be evaluated is insufficient in executing the illuminance calculation.
- the illuminance distribution obtained using the light emitting device of Example 2 and the illuminance distribution obtained using the light emitting device of Example 3 obtained in the same manner are shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, respectively.
- FIG. 25 shows the illuminance distribution on the incident surface of the diffusion plate, which is obtained by calculation when only four light emitting diodes are arranged in a straight line at a pitch of 20 mm, and the diffusion plate is arranged at a position 8 mm away from the light emitting diode.
- the diffuser entrance surface can be illuminated uniformly by the effect of the illumination lens.
- FIG. 26 is a configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- This liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel 5 and the surface light source 8 described in the third embodiment, which is disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 5.
- a plurality of light emitting devices 7 composed of the light emitting diodes 2 and the illumination lens 1 are arranged in a plane, and the light diffusing plate 4 is illuminated by these light emitting devices 7.
- the back surface (one surface) of the diffusion plate 4 is irradiated with light with uniform illuminance, and this light is diffused by the diffusion plate 4 to illuminate the liquid crystal panel 5.
- An optical sheet such as a diffusion sheet or a prism sheet is preferably disposed between the liquid crystal panel 5 and the surface light source 8. In this case, the light transmitted through the diffusion plate 4 is further diffused by the optical sheet to illuminate the liquid crystal panel 5.
Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態1に係る照明用レンズついて、図面を参照しつつ説明する。図1は、実施の形態1に係る照明用レンズ1の構成図である。照明用レンズ1は、指向性を有する光源(図1では省略)と被照射面3との間に配置され、光源からの光を拡張して被照射面3に照射するものである。すなわち、照明用レンズ1によって光源の指向性が広くされる。被照射面3の照度分布は、照明用レンズ1の設計上の中心線である光軸A上が最大で周囲に行くほど略単調に減少する。なお、光源と照明用レンズ1とは、互いの光軸が合致するように配置される。
20°<θb<40°・・・(1)
を満足することが好ましい。式(1)は、第1出射面121の範囲を規定した式であり、第1出射面121の範囲を基点Qからの角度(極座標)で定義し、被照射面3におけるレンズの光軸Aを中心とするエリア(以下「光軸近傍エリア」という。)に照射される光と被照射面3におけるレンズの光軸Aから離れたエリア(以下「外周エリア」という。)に照射される光を適量に分割することのできる範囲を与えている。θbが40°以上になると、第1出射面121の範囲が大きくなり、光源からの光軸近傍の光が外側に過大に分配されるため、被照射面3における光軸近傍エリアの照度不足が発生し、照度ムラが生じてしまう。また、θbが20°以下になると、第1出射面121の範囲が小さくなり、被照射面3における光軸近傍エリアに照射される光が多くなる一方で外周エリアに照射される光が不足するため、照度ムラが生じるだけでなく、指向性も狭くなる。
1.10<a/(d×tanθp)<1.30・・・(2)
を満足することが好ましい。式(2)は、第1出射面121における透過領域123の範囲を規定した式であり、被照射面3における光軸近傍エリアに照射される光の量を表すものである。式(2)中の「a/(d×tanθp)」が1.30以上になると、透過領域123を透過する光の量が多くなりすぎ、被照射面3における光軸近傍エリアの照度が高くなって照度ムラが生じる。逆に、式(2)中の「a/(d×tanθp)」が1.10以下になると、透過領域123を透過する光の量が減りすぎ、被照射面3における光軸近傍エリアの照度が低くなって照度ムラを生じる。
d’/2R<0.25・・・(3)
を満足し、かつ、照明用レンズ1によって被照射面3が照明された場合の、光軸中心照度を1として規格化したときの被照射面3上での照度分布曲線における照度0.2以上の分布幅をδL、光源のみによって被照射面3が照明された場合の、光軸中心照度を1として規格化したときの被照射面3上での照度分布曲線における照度0.2以上の分布幅をδSとしたときに、以下の式(4)
2.0<δL/δS<4.0・・・(4)
を満足することが好ましい。
次に、図7および図8を参照して、変形例の照明用レンズ1’を説明する。なお、上述した照明用レンズ1と同一構成部分には、同一符号を付している。
図3は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る発光装置7の構成図である。この発光装置7は、光を放射する発光ダイオード2と、発光ダイオード2からの光を拡張して被照射面3に照射する、実施の形態1で説明した照明用レンズ1とを備えている。
次に実施例1の具体的な数値を表1に示す。
次に実施例2の具体的な数値を表2に示す。
次に実施例3の具体的な数値を表3に示す。
図20は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る面光源8の構成図である。この面光源8は、平面的に配置された、実施の形態2で説明した複数の発光装置7と、これらの発光装置7を覆うように配置された拡散板4とを備えている。なお、発光装置7は、図20に示すようにマトリクス状に配置されていてもよいし、千鳥状に配置されていてもよい。
図26は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る液晶ディスプレイ装置の構成図である。この液晶ディスプレイ装置は、液晶パネル5と、液晶パネル5の裏側に配置された、実施の形態3で説明した面光源8とを備えている。
Claims (12)
- 光源からの光を拡張して被照射面に照射する照明用レンズであって、
光源からの光が入射する入射面と、入射した光を出射させる、光軸に対して回転対称な出射面と、を備え、
前記出射面は、前記光軸上の点に向かって窪む第1出射面と、この第1出射面の周縁部から外側に広がりながら凸面を形成する第2出射面と、を有し、
前記第1出射面は、前記光軸上の前記光源の位置を基点としたときに、前記基点から放射されて当該第1出射面に到達する放射光のうち前記光軸からの角度が所定角度未満の放射光を透過させる透過領域と、前記基点から放射されて当該第1出射面に到達する放射光のうち前記光軸からの角度が前記所定角度以上の放射光を全反射する全反射領域と、を含んでおり、
前記第2出射面は、前記基点から放射されて当該第2出射面に到達する放射光の略全量を透過させる形状を有している、
照明用レンズ。 - 前記第1出射面と前記第2出射面の境界と前記基点とを結んだ線と前記光軸とのなす角度をθbとしたときに、以下の式
20°<θb<40°
を満足する、請求項1に記載の照明用レンズ。 - 前記第1出射面が前記光軸と交わる点を点C、前記透過領域と前記全反射領域の境界上の点を点Pとし、さらに、前記点Cと前記基点との間の距離をd、前記点Pと前記基点とを結んだ線と前記光軸とのなす角度をθp、前記点Cと前記点Pとを結ぶ直線の長さをaとしたときに、以下の式
1.10<a/(d×tanθp)<1.30
を満足する、請求項1に記載の照明用レンズ。 - 前記第2出射面は、前記基点から放射される放射光を全面に亘って透過させるものである、請求項1に記載の照明用レンズ。
- 前記第2出射面は、前記基点から放射される放射光の一部を全反射し、残りを透過させるものである、請求項1に記載の照明用レンズ。
- 前記光軸上での前記照明用レンズの厚さをd’、前記照明用レンズの最外径をRとしたときに、以下の式
d’/2R<0.25
を満足し、かつ、
前記照明用レンズを介して前記被照射面が照明された場合の、光軸中心照度を1として規格化したときの前記被照射面上での照度分布曲線における照度0.2以上の分布幅をδL、前記光源のみによって前記被照射面が照明された場合の、光軸中心照度を1として規格化したときの前記被照射面上での照度分布曲線における照度0.2以上の分布幅をδSとしたときに、以下の式
2.0<δL/δS<4.0
を満足する、請求項1に記載の照明用レンズ。 - 光源からの光を拡張して被照射面に照射する照明用レンズであって、
光源からの光が入射する入射面と、入射した光を出射させる、光軸に対して回転対称な出射面と、を備え、
前記出射面は、前記光軸上の点に向かって窪む第1出射面と、この第1出射面の周縁部から外側に広がりながら凸面を形成する第2出射面と、を有し、
前記第1出射面は、前記光軸上の前記光源の位置を基点としたときに、前記基点から放射されて当該第1出射面に到達する放射光のうち前記光軸からの角度が所定角度未満の放射光を透過させる透過領域と、前記基点から放射されて当該第1出射面に到達する放射光のうち前記光軸からの角度が前記所定角度以上の放射光を正反射する反射層で覆われた正反射領域と、を含んでおり、
前記第2出射面は、前記基点から放射されて当該第2出射面に到達する放射光の略全量を透過させる形状を有している、
照明用レンズ。 - 前記正反射領域は、前記反射層がないときに、前記基点から放射されて前記第1出射面に到達する放射光のうち前記光軸からの角度が前記所定角度以上の放射光を全反射可能な形状を有している、請求項7に記載の照明用レンズ。
- 光を放射する発光ダイオードと、前記発光ダイオードからの光を拡張して被照射面に照射する照明用レンズと、を備える発光装置であって、
前記照明用レンズは、請求項1に記載の照明用レンズである、発光装置。 - 平面的に配置された複数の発光装置と、前記複数の発光装置を覆うように配置され、前記複数の発光装置から一方面に照射された光を他方面から拡散した状態で放射する拡散板と、を備える面光源であって、
前記複数の発光装置のそれぞれは、請求項9に記載の発光装置である、面光源。 - 前記複数の発光装置を挟んで前記拡散板と対向する基板であって前記複数の発光装置のそれぞれの前記発光ダイオードが実装された基板と、前記発光ダイオードを避けながら前記基板を覆うように前記基板上に配置された反射板と、をさらに備える、請求項10に記載の面光源。
- 液晶パネルと、前記液晶パネルの裏側に配置された請求項10に記載の面光源と、を備える液晶ディスプレイ装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2010211246A (ja) | 2010-09-24 |
CN101883994B (zh) | 2014-05-21 |
JP4546579B1 (ja) | 2010-09-15 |
CN101883994A (zh) | 2010-11-10 |
JP5416662B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
JPWO2010092632A1 (ja) | 2012-08-16 |
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