Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
  • H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
  • F02M65/005—Measuring or detecting injection-valve lift, e.g. to determine injection timing
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
  • H10N30/80—Constructional details
  • H10N30/802—Circuitry or processes for operating piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. drive circuits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
  • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
  • F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
  • F02D2041/1432—Controller structures or design the system including a filter, e.g. a low pass or high pass filter
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
  • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
  • F02D2041/2055—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit with means for determining actual opening or closing time
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
  • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
  • F02D2200/025—Engine noise, e.g. determined by using an acoustic sensor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
  • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
  • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
  • F02D2200/063—Lift of the valve needle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
  • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
  • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
  • F02M63/0012—Valves
  • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
  • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
  • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for determining a needle closure, a
• a piezo injector comprising a piezoactuator and a valve element is configured to implement a fuel injection in a motor.
• different sub-functions eg. B. opening and closing, the valve element implemented. These subfunctions can be sensory- ly recorded.
• a method for determining an end time of a fuel injection of a fuel injector, which has a valve element controlled by a piezoelectric actuator and a piezoelectric sensor mechanically coupled to the piezoelectric sensor.
• a sensor signal of the piezoelectric sensor is detected. From this sensor signal, a sound signal caused by a closing of the valve element and from the sound signal the closing time of the valve element is determined.
• the closing time of the nozzle needle is detected so far or in previous investigations with the piezoelectric sensor, which, however, causes additional costs, since two electric lines must be led out of the fuel injector out into the control unit, furthermore, two control unit pins per fuel injector are required.
• the invention relates to a method for determining a needle closing of a valve needle of an injection valve whose actuator is designed as a piezoelectric actuator, wherein the valve needle is driven by the piezoelectric actuator.
• a signal of a voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator is measured and the needle closure is detected from a course of the signal.
• the course of the signal has a characteristic feature, typically a maximum, kink or rash, indicative of needle closure.
• a characteristic feature typically a maximum, kink or rash
• valve needle or a nozzle needle is generated, via the signal of the voltage to the piezoelectric actuator possible, this signal is evaluated.
• a physical effect affecting the signal of the voltage is detected.
• the valve needle is arranged in a nozzle, wherein the movement of the valve needle is controlled by the piezoelectric actuator via at least one valve element.
• the valve needle is indirectly controlled by the piezoelectric actuator.
• the piezoelectric actuator expands in a so-called servo valve designed injection valve, thereby pressure differences are caused on an upper and lower side of the valve needle, is further caused by a reciprocating movement of the valve needle.
• the piezoelectric actuator is driven by a current.
• This current charges the piezo actuator and continues to open the valve by moving a valve needle.
• the valve needle is closed again.
• the course of the signal of the voltage is determined by carrying out the method in a region after a successful actuation of the piezoelectric device. zoaktors by the current after the voltage has dropped to a value near 0 volts, examined. Usually, the course of the signal is due to the flowing current. However, the feature to be detected in the process, which indicates needle closure, is not excited by the described current. This feature in the course of the signal of
• Tension of the piezoelectric actuator is caused by the structure-borne noise of the valve needle during needle closing.
• the signal can be processed.
• a bandpass filtering with corner frequencies can be applied to the signal, so that thereby certain frequencies of the signal, for example, by a low-pass or high-pass filtering, are filtered.
• the signal or a waveform of the signal can be squared and added in the evaluation.
• a straight line or a secant is applied to a pair of measuring points per measuring point in each curve or curve.
• the measuring points do not have to follow each other directly in time.
• a first straight line of a pair to pass through an mth measuring point and a mkth measuring point
• the straight lines thus extend along k measuring points, where k is at least two.
• a value for k can be chosen arbitrarily depending on the required measuring accuracy. It has been found that it can be sufficient if k is a single-digit number, for example 5.
• a difference is calculated from the slopes of the two straight lines.
• a plurality of consecutive differences may be formed for slopes of each of a pair of straight lines, for example, for a first pair for the mth and nth measurement points, for a second pair of m + 1th measurement points, and an n + 1th Measuring points etc., a p-th pair of lines is applied in the m + p-1 and n + p-th measurement points.
• p values for differences of slopes of each of a pair of straight lines is formed below these p values, a maximum value is determined, which points as a maximum to the characteristic feature.
• the signal or its course can be processed by a plurality of aforementioned mathematical steps that can be applied to the signal one after the other.
• the bandpass filtering for predetermined frequencies a squaring of this already frequency-filtered signal, followed by a summation of the squared signal and finally an application of the above-described calculation rule to the summed signal.
• This order may vary as well, not all of them mentioned
• the method can u. a. a time of needle closure can be determined.
• the invention also relates to an arrangement for determining a needle closing of a valve needle, which is controlled by a piezoelectric actuator.
• This arrangement is designed to measure a signal of a voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator and to detect the needle closing from a course of the signal.
• the valve needle is arranged in a nozzle and is controlled by the piezoelectric actuator via at least one valve element.
• the at least one valve element cooperates with the valve needle and / or the nozzle.
• needle closing in which the valve needle moves relative to the nozzle into a closed position, a structure-borne sound or sound signal is generated by the valve needle and / or the nozzle, which is transmitted to the piezoelectric actuator via the at least one valve element.
• the valve needle is directly controlled by the piezoelectric actuator.
• the injection valve by the piezoelectric actuator is pressed. This creates pressure differences between a nozzle needle seat and the upper part of the valve needle. These pressure differences lead to the opening of the valve needle.
• the described arrangement is intended to carry out all the steps of the presented method.
• individual steps of this method can also be carried out by individual components of the arrangement.
• functions of the arrangement or functions of individual components of the arrangement can be implemented as steps of the method.
• steps of the process as functions of individual
• the invention further relates to a computer program with program code means in order to perform all the steps of a described method when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding arithmetic unit, in particular in an arrangement according to the invention.
• the computer program product according to the invention with program code means which are stored on a computer-readable data carrier is designed to carry out all the steps of a described method when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding arithmetic unit, in particular in an arrangement according to the invention.
• Structure-borne noise generated which can be detected by means of a built-in a piezoelectric actuator of the piezoelectric injector sensor and a suitable signal processing time.
• additional costs are incurred during actuator production and thus during injector production and in the control unit.
• the costs are composed of a part of the sensor integration and partly of the electrical contacting of the sensor. With the invention, these costs can be avoided.
• the detection of the needle closing timing from the voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator possible, so that in the state of the Technology sensor effect detected directly on the piezoelectric actuator.
• the invention is suitable, for example, for injectors for accumulator injectors, so-called common injectors comprising piezoactuators and valve elements.
• FIG. 1 shows two examples of diagrams with operating parameters for comparing different operating conditions of a valve element.
• FIG. 2 shows two further examples of diagrams, wherein in a first diagram a profile of a signal for a voltage applied to a piezoelectric actuator and in the second diagram a profile of a signal for a
• FIG. 3 shows examples of a plurality of diagrams for comparing operating parameters which are detected by means of a sensor when a method known from the prior art is implemented, with operating parameters which are shown in FIG. 3
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention, which is designed to implement an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• the first diagram 2 shows a first curve 12 of a voltage which is measured by a sensor module which is assigned to a piezoactuator. It is envisaged that this piezoelectric actuator is designed to actuate a nozzle with a valve needle via a valve element of an internal combustion engine. The valve needle is indirectly acted upon by the piezoelectric actuator via the valve element and thereby reciprocated and thus opened and closed.
• the first curve 12 of the voltage was detected with an inactive nozzle needle, whereas the second curve 14 in the second diagram 4 was detected by the sensor module with an active valve needle.
• a comparison of the regions of the two courses 12, 14 within the ellipse 16 shows that the valve 14 with an active valve needle within this range has a deflection, whereas the curve 12 has no abnormalities within this marked area when the valve needle is inactive.
• the additional sensor module is integrated into the piezoelectric actuator. As soon as the valve needle reaches its seat, a structure-borne noise signal is generated, which can be measured by the sensor module.
• the first diagram 20 of FIG. 2 comprises a vertically oriented axis 22 for a voltage plotted against a time axis 24. 2, a curve 26 of a voltage of a piezoactuator is shown, which is detected when a piezoactuator, which is designed to act on a nozzle with a valve needle via a valve element, is in operation. Along the course 26 of the voltage is detected by a characteristic feature of the structure-borne sound signal.
• the course of the associated sensor signal is plotted along the time axis 24 along a vertically oriented axis 30 in the second diagram 28 shown in FIG. 2.
• a one millisecond deflection caused by the closing of the needle of the valve member is difficult to detect along the trace 26 of tension.
• the processed or evaluated course 32 of the originally measured curve 26 of the signal of the voltage illustrates the closing of the valve needle by a striking rash or bend of the curve 32 in the region of one millisecond.
• the three diagrams 34, 36, 38 shown on the left in FIG. 3 on the left each show time zooms or enlarged sections of progressions 40, 42, 44,
• the second diagram 36 shows, along the time axis 48, the profile 44 after the squaring performed and summation of the bandpass filtered signal 42.
• the curve 46 is obtained by applying a calculation rule of the square and summed up course 44 shown.
• This calculation rule comprises a determination of differences in slopes of a pair of straight lines or secants in each case, one straight line passing through two measuring points of the course 44. In this case, the differences of the gradients formed for several pairs of straight lines are compared and a maximum 49 is determined from a maximum difference.
• the maximum 49 of the trace 46 occurs at the same time as the bend of the trace 44. This will set the needle closing time.
• the maximum 49 of the curve 46 in the region of one millisecond is due to the closing of the valve needle, which is detected by the sensor.
• the diagrams 50, 52, 54 shown on the right in FIG. 3 show examples of time zooms or enlarged sections of curves 56, 58, 60, 62 for signals or processed signals, as they are detected in an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• a piezoactuator for operating a valve needle arranged in a nozzle is formed via a valve element for an internal combustion engine.
• the piezoelectric actuator power is supplied.
• the valve element is acted upon by the piezoelectric actuator, which causes the valve needle of the nozzle to reciprocate while the nozzle is opened and closed.
• a voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator is measured.
• the curve 56 of a signal of this voltage is plotted in the fourth diagram 50 from FIG. 3 along a time axis 64.
• the filtered, eg frequency band-pass filtered, course 58 of the curve 56 of the signal is shown below.
• a curve 60 of the now revised signal is shown, which results from squaring and adding up the profile 58 from the fourth diagram 50.
• the sixth diagram 54 shows a profile 62 of values of differences which are formed from slopes of a respective pair of lines or secants, wherein in each case a first straight line passes through a first pair of measuring points and a second straight line through a second pair of measuring points of the track 60 the fifth diagram 52 runs. For the determined differences or differences of several pairs of lines, a maximum 66 is determined.
• this profile 62 it follows that this profile 62 has a maximum 66 formed as a rash in the region of one millisecond as a characteristic feature of this profile 62.
• a comparison of the curve 66 in the sixth diagram with the curve 46 in the third diagram shows that this kink 66 occurs at the same time as the maximum 49 in the course 46 of the sensor signal.
• FIG. 4 shows, in a schematic representation, an embodiment of an arrangement 80 which is designed to carry out an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• the assembly 80 includes a piezoactuator 82 that is configured to drive within an internal combustion engine.
• a valve element 92 is arranged in the present embodiment.
• An interaction between the piezoelectric actuator 84 and the nozzle 86 with the valve needle 88 takes place indirectly via the valve element 92. It is provided that during operation by the piezoelectric actuator 82, a current 90 is passed to a predetermined profile. By this current 90, a dimension of the piezoelectric actuator 82 is changed. By driving the valve element 92 by the moving piezoelectric actuator 82, the valve needle 88 of the nozzle 86 is moved and thereby opened, among other things.
• the piezoactuator 84 actuates the valve needle, thereby creating pressure differences between a seat of the valve needle 88 and the upper part of the valve needle 88. These pressure differences lead to the opening of the valve needle 88.
• a structure-borne noise is generated which acts on the piezoactuator 82 and effects a voltage on the piezoactuator 82, which is measured when the method is implemented with a voltmeter 94.
• a signal of the voltage measured by the voltmeter 94 may include a kink 66 caused by the structure-borne noise, as illustrated by the diagrams 50, 52, 54, along a trace 56, 58, 60, 62 of the signal or a processed signal.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
• Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Families Citing this family (20)

Citations (6)

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• 2009
  • 2009-02-10 DE DE102009000741A patent/DE102009000741A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-01-05 US US13/147,757 patent/US20120013325A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-01-05 CN CN2010800071083A patent/CN102308403A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-01-05 KR KR1020117018540A patent/KR20110124226A/ko not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-01-05 JP JP2011549496A patent/JP5362039B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-01-05 WO PCT/EP2010/050030 patent/WO2010091902A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2010-01-05 CN CN201610042493.4A patent/CN105514259A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-01-05 EP EP10700825A patent/EP2396835A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (6)

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