WO2010084559A1 - N2o排出抑制燃焼装置とn2o排出抑制方法 - Google Patents
N2o排出抑制燃焼装置とn2o排出抑制方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010084559A1 WO2010084559A1 PCT/JP2009/007331 JP2009007331W WO2010084559A1 WO 2010084559 A1 WO2010084559 A1 WO 2010084559A1 JP 2009007331 W JP2009007331 W JP 2009007331W WO 2010084559 A1 WO2010084559 A1 WO 2010084559A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- furnace
- combustion
- amount
- decomposed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
- F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/60—Additives supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- F23J2215/101—Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that generates zinc zinc (N 2 O) when a predetermined fuel containing a nitrogen content is burned, and in particular, a combustion apparatus that suppresses discharged N 2 O, and N 2 O
- the present invention relates to a method for suppressing emissions.
- N 2 O is a substance that causes global warming. Like CO 2 , emission is regulated as a reduction target. N 2 O is known to be generated when a substance containing nitrogen is burned at a low temperature. In particular, coal, sludge, biomass, etc. containing a large amount of nitrogen are used as fuels, and these fuels are used at low temperatures. In the circulating fluidized bed combustor that burns with NO, the concentration of discharged N 2 O is high, and its reduction has been a problem.
- Patent Literature 1 As a catalytic cracking decomposition particles N 2 O, by introducing the alumina in circulating fluidized bed combustion furnace, effectively decompose N 2 O from the exhaust gas, was successfully removed (Patent Literature 1).
- the circulating fluidized bed combustor is a combustor that can use various types of fuel such as coal, heavy oil, petroleum coke, biomass, industrial waste, etc.
- the amount of generated N 2 O emission also varies. In order to absorb such fluctuations, it was necessary to adjust the amount of decomposed particles supplied to the combustion furnace in accordance with the amount of N 2 O discharged.
- the circulating fluidized bed combustor fluidizes and burns fuel and a fluid medium (for example, silica sand) and circulates particles (mainly coal ash collected from the combustion product, but unburned fuel). Combustion is performed while repeating a circulation cycle in which the gas is also returned to the combustion furnace. Then, heat is exchanged between the fluid medium and the circulating water to generate steam that serves as a power source for a turbine or the like located on the downstream side. In such a combustion apparatus, the amount of steam to be generated is controlled to be a constant amount in order to secure a stable power generation amount from the turbine.
- a fluid medium for example, silica sand
- the amount of circulating particles circulating in the combustion apparatus is preferably a constant amount, and in particular, in-furnace particles including circulating particles that exist in the combustion furnace in order to ensure an appropriate combustion state.
- the amount is preferably a constant amount. Since the decomposed particles circulate in the combustion device as circulating particles, as with a fluid medium such as silica sand, if the decomposed particles are excessively introduced into the combustion device, the amount of circulating particles is lost and stable. The amount of steam cannot be secured.
- the decomposition activity of the decomposed particles gradually decreases with time. Therefore, when newly added decomposed particles are added to previously introduced decomposed particles, not only the total amount of circulating particles is increased, but also decomposed particles with weaker decomposition activity are accumulated, and the efficiency of decomposition activity decreases. There was a risk.
- the present invention has been proposed to solve the above-described problems, and by supplying an appropriate amount of decomposed particles, the emission of N 2 O is efficiently suppressed, and in particular, fuel and a predetermined fluid medium
- the amount of particles in the furnace including the circulating particles is determined. while keeping constant, for the purpose of providing for suppressing N 2 O emissions combustor and N 2 O emissions method emissions N 2 O.
- N 2 O emissions combustion system of the present invention is an inhibiting combustion device emission of N 2 O generated when burning a predetermined fuel containing nitrogen content, N 2 Supply means for supplying decomposed particles for decomposing O into the apparatus, concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of N 2 O contained in the exhaust gas, and comparing the measured N 2 O concentration with a predetermined control value And a control means for adjusting the supply amount of the decomposed particles based on the comparison result.
- the combustion device N 2 O is produced when burning a predetermined fuel containing nitrogen component, and supplies the decomposed decomposing particles N 2 O, N 2 O a method of discharging inhibit N 2 O emissions, comprising the steps of measuring the N 2 O concentration in the exhaust gas, comparing the measured the N 2 O concentration was the predetermined control value, the comparison result the basis, there as N 2 O emissions method comprising the steps of adjusting the supply amount of the degradation particles.
- N 2 O emissions combustor and N 2 O emissions method of the present invention by supplying a proper amount of degradation particles, can be efficiently suppress the emission of N 2 O, in particular, fuel and predetermined fluid medium
- the amount of particles in the furnace including the circulating particles is determined. N 2 O emission can be suppressed while keeping constant.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the N 2 O emission suppression method in the combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- a combustion apparatus to which the present invention is applied is configured to fluidize a fuel and a fluid medium such as silica sand and combust, and to perform combustion while repeating a circulation cycle in which circulating particles collected from the combustion product are returned to the combustion furnace. It is the circulating fluidized bed combustion apparatus to perform.
- This circulating fluidized bed combustor is known to emit a large amount of N 2 O when burned at a low temperature (eg, 600 ° C. to 900 ° C.) using coal or sludge containing a large amount of nitrogen as fuel.
- a circulating fluidized bed combustion apparatus 1 includes a fuel supply unit 2, a cracked particle supply unit 3, a combustion furnace 4, pressure gauges 4a and 4b, a cyclone 5, and a heat and exchanger 6a, a outer heat exchanger 6b, and the dust collector 7, a duct 8, and N 2 O concentration meter 8a, the extraction unit 9, and a like controller 10 for controlling these.
- the dotted line in a figure has shown the connection state of the control part 10, each part and each apparatus, and the flow of a signal.
- the fuel supply unit 2 includes a hopper 2a in which fuel and a desulfurizing agent that removes sulfur compounds contained in the fuel are individually supplied to the combustion furnace 4, and the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion furnace 4 and desulfurization.
- a supply device 2b for individually controlling and supplying the amount of the agent is provided.
- various fuels such as heavy oil, petroleum coke, biomass, waste plastic, waste tire, industrial waste, sludge, sludge can be used as the fuel of the present embodiment.
- the substance containing Ca and Mg such as limestone, quicklime, slaked lime, dolomite, lime cake, concrete sludge, shell, papermaking sludge, can be used, and lime cake is particularly preferable.
- the decomposed particle supply unit 3 is provided with a hopper 3 a for storing decomposed particles supplied to the combustion furnace 4 and a supply device 3 b for controlling the amount of decomposed particles supplied to the combustion furnace 4 and supplying the hopper 3 a.
- the decomposed particles of the present embodiment include alumina-based particles such as porous alumina, activated alumina, ⁇ -alumina and activated bauxite, silica-based particles such as silica gel, limestone, dolomite, fresh concrete sludge, their sludge cake, and lime.
- the supply device 3b includes a gravity-type supply device such as a chute, a gate, a rotary feeder, a loss chain feeder, and a lock hopper, a mechanical supply device such as a belt feeder, a screw feeder, a chain feeder, an apron feeder, and a table feeder, Vibrating feeders such as vibratory feeders and shaking feeders, and fluidized feeders such as blow tanks, ejectors and air slides can be used.
- the storage of the decomposed particles is not limited to the hopper, and can be stored in a container such as a bunker, a silo, or a bottle.
- the combustion furnace 4 pulverizes the fuel supplied from the fuel supply unit 2 or uses it as fuel particles as they are, and the fuel particles and desulfurizing agent, a fluid medium such as silica sand, and the decomposition supplied from the decomposition particle supply unit 3. It is a fluidized bed combustion furnace in which particles are fluidized and burned by air introduced from the lower part of the combustion furnace.
- the combustion product burned in the combustion furnace 4 is sent to the cyclone 5.
- the pressure gauge 4a measures the pressure in the lower part of the combustion furnace 4, and the pressure gauge 4b measures the pressure in the upper part of the combustion furnace 4.
- the difference in pressure in the combustion furnace 4 is expressed as the amount of particles in the furnace. And is monitored by the control unit 10.
- the cyclone 5 is a separation device that generates a swirl of air and separates circulating particles and combustion gas from the combustion product by centrifugal force.
- the circulating particles are composed of unfueled carbon particles, coal ash, fluidized medium, desulfurizing agent, decomposed particles and the like that are not incinerated, and are returned to the combustion furnace 4 again.
- the combustion gas is sent to the dust collector 7.
- the dust collector 7 removes ash from the combustion gas, and the duct 8 discharges exhaust gas.
- the N 2 O concentration meter 8a measures the N 2 O concentration in the exhaust gas. This measured value is transmitted to the control unit 10.
- the N 2 O concentration meter 8a it is preferable to use a continuous measurement apparatus based on a chemiluminescence method or a non-dispersive infrared absorption method.
- the heat exchanger 6a exchanges heat between the circulating water flowing from the outside, the air in the combustion furnace 4 and the particles in the furnace, and the external heat exchanger 6b circulates with the circulating water flowing from the outside. Heat exchange is performed with the particles. By these, circulating water can be heated and boiled, and a vapor
- the extraction unit 9 is a device that extracts a part of the in-furnace particles including circulating particles from the combustion furnace 4 to reduce the amount of in-furnace particles (a weight reduction unit).
- the in-furnace particles refer to particles present in the combustion furnace 4 at a certain point in time.
- the particles present in the combustion furnace 4 are not circulating particles but also particles that remain as they are. For this reason, the staying particles and the circulating particles of the circulating particles present in the combustion furnace 4 at this time are collectively referred to as in-furnace particles.
- the amount of in-furnace particles extracted in the extraction unit 9 is controlled by the control unit 10.
- the extraction unit 9 includes a classification device 9a that extracts decomposed particles from the extracted in-furnace particles and returns the extracted decomposed particles to the combustion furnace 4 (extraction / re-supply unit).
- a classification device 9a it is possible to use a sieving and classification device having a grade capable of classifying decomposed particles, a natural sedimentation type classification device, a dry classification device such as a cyclone or an air separator, or a wet classification device such as a liquid cyclone or a hydroseparator. it can.
- Extraction of the decomposed particles can be performed as follows. For example, when extracting decomposed particles using a sieving classifier, two types of sieves with different meshes are used, the size of one sieve being the minimum particle size of the decomposed particles, and the size of the other sieve being screened. Is the maximum particle size of the decomposed particles, and the extracted particles in the furnace are passed through two types of sieves, so that particles larger than the minimum particle size of the decomposed particles and smaller than the maximum particle size can be easily extracted as decomposed particles. . Then, all or some of the extracted decomposition particles are returned to the combustion furnace 4 again.
- the classifier 9a By providing the classifier 9a in this way, the amount of particles in the furnace can be reduced without reducing the amount of decomposed particles, so the proportion of decomposed particles in the particles in the furnace can be increased, and combustion N 2 O emission can be effectively suppressed by the decomposed particles remaining in the apparatus.
- the supply apparatus similar to the above-mentioned supply apparatus 3b can be used.
- the control unit 10 (control means) is connected to each unit and each device of the combustion device and includes a central processing unit (CPU), for example, a DCS (distributed control device), and a fuel based on a set steam generation amount.
- CPU central processing unit
- DCS distributed control device
- Supply control, combustion state monitoring control, and N 2 O emission concentration are monitored to suppress N 2 O emission.
- the control for suppressing the discharge of N 2 O will be described in detail below.
- Control for suppressing the discharge of N 2 O is first performed based on the measured value (N 2 O concentration) from the N 2 O concentration meter 8a.
- the control unit 10 monitors the N 2 O concentration (for example, 0 to 500 ppm), and compares it with a predetermined management value (for example, 100 ppm) to supply depending on whether or not the N 2 O concentration exceeds the management value.
- the apparatus 3b is controlled to increase or decrease the amount of decomposed particles to be supplied. For example, when the N 2 O concentration exceeds the control value, the control unit 10 controls the supply device 3b so as to increase the amount of decomposed particles to be supplied. As a result, when the N 2 O concentration falls within the control value, the amount of decomposed particles to be supplied is reduced.
- the control unit 10 controls the supply device 3b so as to increase the amount of decomposed particles to be supplied.
- control unit 10 monitors the differential pressure (for example, 1.0 kPa to 2.5 kPa) between the pressure gauge 4a and the pressure gauge 4b as the amount of particles in the furnace.
- the amount of particles in the furnace is desirably a fixed amount in order to ensure stable combustion and steam generation, and the control unit 10 compares the amount of particles in the furnace with a predetermined limit value, The amount of decomposed particles is increased or decreased depending on whether the amount exceeds this limit value. Specifically, when the in-furnace particle amount exceeds the upper limit (for example, 2.5 kPa) even though the N 2 O concentration exceeds a predetermined control value, the following control is performed. .
- the above-described extraction unit 9 is controlled to extract the amount of in-furnace particles corresponding to the amount exceeding the upper limit, and the above-described classification device 9a is controlled.
- the ratio of the decomposed particle amount in the circulating particle amount can be increased.
- the amount of decomposed particles can be increased in parallel with the control of the classifying device 9a or by controlling the supply device 3b alone.
- control of the supply device 3b supplies new decomposed particles having a particularly high decomposition activity ability, so that it is possible to suppress the discharge of N 2 O while efficiently reducing the amount of particles in the furnace.
- Such control is particularly effective when the amount of particles in the furnace greatly exceeds the upper limit value and at the same time the N 2 O concentration greatly exceeds the control value.
- the N 2 O emission suppression method described below is based on a program stored in a predetermined storage unit of the control unit 10, and the central processing unit (CPU) of the control unit 10 is based on an input from each part of the combustion device. This is done by controlling each part.
- the control unit 10 measures the amount of particles in the combustion furnace 4, for example, the differential pressure between the pressure gauge 4a and the pressure gauge 4b as the amount of particles in the furnace (S10), and further N 2 in the exhaust gas.
- the O concentration is measured (S11). It is assumed that the controller 10 constantly monitors the amount of particles in the furnace and the N 2 O concentration.
- the control unit 10 determines whether or not the amount of particles in the furnace exceeds the upper limit value (S12). If the amount of particles in the furnace exceeds the upper limit value (S12-YES), the extraction unit 9 to extract the particles in the furnace (S13), control the classifier 9a to extract the decomposed particles from the extracted particles in the furnace, and extract all the extracted decomposed particles or a part thereof. Re-supplied to the combustion furnace 4 (S14). Then, the control unit 10 determines whether or not the in-furnace particle amount has reached the lower limit value (S15), and if the in-furnace particle amount is not the lower limit value (S15-NO), further extracts the in-furnace particle amount. The above processing is repeated (S13).
- the amount of particles in the furnace is withdrawn, and the decomposed particles are extracted and re-supplied to the combustion furnace 4 to stabilize the combustion state and the amount of steam generated, and to combust
- the decomposed particles remaining in the apparatus it is possible to efficiently suppress the discharge of N 2 O.
- the above process is repeated until the N 2 O concentration falls within the control value (S12).
- the control unit 10 ends the process (S16—YES).
- the N 2 O concentration can be kept within the control value by supplying an appropriate amount of the decomposed particles corresponding to the measured N 2 O concentration without supplying the decomposed particles excessively.
- the N 2 O emissions method of this embodiment while monitoring the furnace particle amount, it is possible to suppress the emissions of N 2 O, while ensuring stable combustion and steam generation amount, N 2 O emission can be efficiently suppressed.
- the circulating fluidized bed combustor is provided with at least a weight reducing means for reducing the amount of particles in the furnace such as the extraction unit 9 for extracting a part of the amount of particles in the furnace from the combustion furnace 4. It is assumed that
- the control unit 10 measures the amount of particles in the combustion furnace 4 (S20), and further measures the N 2 O concentration in the exhaust gas (S21). Then, it is determined whether or not the in-furnace particle amount exceeds the upper limit value (S22). If the in-furnace particle amount exceeds the upper limit value (S22-YES), the extraction unit 9 and other weight reductions are performed. The amount of particles in the furnace is reduced by the means (S23). As a result, it is determined whether or not the amount of particles in the furnace has reached the lower limit (S24). If the amount of particles in the furnace is not the lower limit (S24-NO), the amount of circulating particles is further reduced. Is repeated (S23).
- the control unit 10 controls the supply device 3b to increase the supply amount of the decomposed particles (S26). Thereafter, while monitoring the amount of particles in the furnace, the above process is repeated until the N 2 O concentration falls within the control value (S22). When the N 2 O concentration falls within the control value, the process is terminated (S25—YES).
- the N 2 O concentration can be kept within the control value by supplying an appropriate amount of the decomposed particles corresponding to the measured N 2 O concentration without supplying the decomposed particles excessively. Even by such a N 2 O emissions method, while monitoring the furnace particle amount, it is possible to suppress the emissions of N 2 O, while ensuring stable combustion and steam generation amount, N 2 O Can be efficiently suppressed.
- the control unit 10 measures the amount of particles in the combustion furnace 4 (S30), and further measures the N 2 O concentration in the exhaust gas (S31). Then, it is determined whether or not the amount of particles in the furnace exceeds the upper limit value (S32). If the amount of particles in the furnace exceeds the upper limit value (S32-YES), the supply amount of decomposed particles is increased. Because it is not possible, the process is terminated.
- the controller 10 controls the supply device 3b to increase the supply amount of the decomposed particles (S34). Thereafter, while monitoring the amount of particles in the furnace, the above process is repeated until the N 2 O concentration falls within the control value (S32). As a result, if the N 2 O concentration falls within the control value, the process is terminated (S33—YES).
- the N 2 O concentration can be kept within the control value by supplying an appropriate amount of the decomposed particles corresponding to the measured N 2 O concentration without supplying the decomposed particles excessively. Even when the weight reducing means is not provided in this way, the emission of N 2 O can be suppressed while monitoring the amount of particles in the furnace, so that stable combustion and generation of steam are ensured, and N 2 O It is possible to achieve coexistence with emission control.
- N 2 O suppress circulating fluidized bed combustor and the N 2 O emissions method emissions according to the present embodiment as described above, the amount circulating particles circulating in the combustion apparatus, in particular, in the combustion furnace While keeping the existing particles in the furnace including circulating particles constant, it is possible to efficiently suppress the discharge of N 2 O by supplying an appropriate amount of decomposed particles.
- N 2 O emissions combustor and N 2 O emissions method of the present invention have been described above performed Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.
- the decomposed particles are supplied alone, but may be supplied by mixing with fuel or a desulfurizing agent.
- the place where the decomposed particles are supplied is not limited to the combustion furnace 4, and the combustion gas and the decomposed particles such as the cyclone 5, the heat exchanger 6, the particle circulation equipment such as the loop seal and the full seal, and the pipes connecting them. You may supply from any place which can contact.
- the weight reducing means for reducing the amount of the circulating particles is not limited to the extraction unit 9 for extracting a part of the in-furnace particles including the circulating particles.
- the amount may be adjusted.
- the combustion apparatus of the present invention is not limited to a circulating fluidized bed combustion apparatus, but can be applied to all combustion apparatuses that generate N 2 O, such as a normal pressure type, a pressurized type, and a bubbling type fluidized bed combustion apparatus.
- the present invention can be widely used in combustion apparatuses that burn N2O-containing coal or industrial waste as fuel and generate N 2 O.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
Description
N2Oは、窒素分を含む物質を低温で燃焼させたときに発生することが知られており、特に、窒素分を大量に含む石炭や汚泥、バイオマスなどを燃料とし、これらの燃料を低温で燃焼させる循環流動層燃焼装置では、排出されるN2O濃度が高く、その低減が課題となっていた。
このような変動を吸収するためには、N2Oの排出量に応じて、燃焼炉に供給する分解粒子の量を調整する必要があった。
このような燃焼装置は、タービンから安定した発電量を確保すべく、発生させる蒸気量は、一定量となるように制御される。
そのためには、この燃焼装置内を循環する循環粒子の量は、一定量であることが好ましく、特に、適正な燃焼状態を確保するために、燃焼炉に存在する、循環粒子を含む炉内粒子量は、一定量であることが好ましい。
分解粒子は、珪砂などの流動媒体と同様に、循環粒子として燃焼装置内を循環することになるため、この分解粒子を燃焼装置内に過剰に投入すると、循環粒子量のバランスが崩れ、安定した蒸気量を確保できなくなる。
図1は、本実施形態に係る燃焼装置の構成を示す概略図であり、図2は、本実施形態に係る燃焼装置におけるN2O排出抑制方法のフローチャートである。
この循環流動層燃焼装置は、窒素分を大量に含む石炭や汚泥を燃料とし、低温(例えば、600℃~900℃)で燃焼することで、多くのN2Oを排出することが知られているが、排ガス中に含まれるN2O濃度を計測しつつ、N2Oを分解活性する適正量の分解粒子を燃焼炉に供給することで、効果的にN2Oの排出を抑制することができるようになっている。以下、本実施形態に係る循環流動層燃焼装置の構成について、図1を参照しつつ、説明する。
なお、図中の点線は、制御部10と各部・各装置との接続状態と、信号の流れを示している。
本実施形態の燃料としては、石炭のほか、重油、石油コークス、バイオマス、廃プラスチック、廃タイヤ、産業廃棄物、汚泥、スラッジなど様々な燃料を用いることができる。
また、脱硫剤としては、石灰石、生石灰、消石灰、ドロマイト、ライムケーキ、コンクリートスラッジ、貝殻、製紙スラッジなどのCa、Mgを含む物質を用いることができ、特にライムケーキが好ましい。
本実施形態の分解粒子としては、多孔質アルミナ、活性アルミナ、γ-アルミナ、活性ボーキサイトなどのアルミナ系粒子や、シリカゲルなどのシリカ系粒子、石灰石、ドロマイト、生コンクリートスラッジとこれらのスラッジケーキ、ライムケーキ、コンクリート等のカルシウム系粒子、活性白土、ゼオライト、セピオライト、流動接触分解(FCC)触媒等の粘土鉱物系粒子とこれらを含む廃棄物を用いることができ、また、分解粒子の粒子径は、0.001mm~5mm程度が好ましい。
また、供給装置3bは、シュート、ゲート、ロータリーフィーダー、ロスチェーンフィーダー、ロックホッパーなどの重力式供給装置や、ベルトフィーダー、スクリューフィーダー、チェーンフィーダー、エプロンフィーダー、テーブルフィーダーなどの機械式供給装置や、バイブレーティングフィーダー、シェーキングフィーダーなどの振動式供給装置や、ブロータンク、エジェクター、エアスライドなどの流動化式供給装置を用いることができる。
また、分解粒子の貯留は、ホッパーに限られず、バンカー、サイロ、ビンなどの容器に貯留することもできる。
圧力計4aは、燃焼炉4下部の圧力を計測し、圧力計4bは、燃焼炉4上部の圧力を計測する。燃焼炉4に存在する循環粒子を含む炉内粒子量は、計測された圧力の差から算出可能な重量であるため、本実施形態では、この燃焼炉4内の差圧を、炉内粒子量として扱い、制御部10において監視する。
集塵器7は、燃焼ガスから灰を除去し、ダクト8は、排ガスを排出する。
N2O濃度計8aとしては、化学発光法、又は非分散赤外吸収法による連続測定装置を用いることが好ましい。
熱交換器6aは、外部から流入される循環水と、燃焼炉4内の空気及び炉内粒子との間で熱交換を行い、外部熱交換器6bは、外部から流入される循環水と循環粒子との間で熱交換を行う。
これらにより、循環水を加熱・沸騰させて、図示しないボイラ装置から蒸気を発生させることができる。
ここで、炉内粒子とは、ある時点において、燃焼炉4に存在する粒子をいう。燃焼炉4に存在する粒子には、循環粒子とならず、そのまま滞留している粒子も存在する。そのため、この滞留している粒子と、循環粒子のうち、この時点において燃焼炉4に存在する循環粒子とを合わせて炉内粒子というものとする。
そして、この抜出部9において、抜出される炉内粒子の量は、制御部10により制御される。
また、抜出部9は、抜出した炉内粒子から分解粒子を抽出し、抽出した分解粒子を燃焼炉4に戻す分級装置9aを備えている(抽出・再供給手段)。
分級装置9aとしては、分解粒子が分級可能な目合いを有するふるい分け分級装置、自然沈降式分級装置、サイクロンやエアセパレータなどの乾式分級装置、液体サイクロンやハイドロセパレータなどの湿式分級装置を用いることができる。
例えば、ふるい分け分級装置を用いて分解粒子を抽出する場合には、目合いの異なる2種類のふるいを用い、一つのふるいの目合いを分解粒子の最小粒子径とし、もう一つのふるいの目合いを分解粒子の最大粒子径としておき、抜出した炉内粒子を2種類のふるいにかけることで、分解粒子の最小粒子径より大きく、かつ、最大粒子径より小さい粒子を分解粒子として簡単に抽出できる。
そして、抽出されたすべて又は一部の分解粒子を、再び燃焼炉4に戻す。
このように分級装置9aを備えることで、分解粒子量を減少させることなく、炉内粒子量を減量させることができるため、炉内粒子のうちの分解粒子の割合を増加させることができ、燃焼装置内に残存する分解粒子によって、N2Oの排出を効果的に抑制できる。
なお、抽出した分解粒子を燃焼炉4に戻す場合の供給装置としては、前述の供給装置3bと同様な供給装置を用いることができる。
N2Oの排出を抑制する制御について、以下に詳述する。
制御部10は、N2O濃度(例えば、0~500ppm)を監視し、所定の管理値(例えば、100ppm)と比較して、N2O濃度がこの管理値を超えるか否かによって、供給装置3bを制御して、供給する分解粒子量を増減させる。
例えば、N2O濃度がこの管理値を超えた場合には、制御部10は、供給する分解粒子量を増加するように供給装置3bを制御する。その結果、N2O濃度が管理値以内となったときには、供給する分解粒子量を減少させる。
このように、N2O濃度を監視しつつ、供給する分解粒子量を増減することで、過不足のない適正量の分解粒子により、N2Oの排出を効果的に抑制できる。
具体的には、N2O濃度が所定の管理値を超えているにもかかわらず、炉内粒子量が上限値(例えば、2.5kPa)を超えているときには、以下のような制御を行う。
このとき、分級装置9aの制御と並行して、または、単独で供給装置3bを制御して、分解粒子量を増加させることもできる。この場合には、供給装置3bの制御により、特に分解活性能の高い新たな分解粒子が供給されることから、効率よく炉内粒子量を減量しつつ、N2Oの排出を抑制できる。このような制御は、特に、炉内粒子量が上限値を大きく超えていると同時に、N2O濃度が管理値を大きく超えているような場合に、効果的である。
以下に示すN2O排出抑制方法は、制御部10の所定の記憶手段に記憶されたプログラムに従い、制御部10の中央演算処理装置(CPU)が、燃焼装置各部からの入力に基づき、燃焼装置各部を制御することで行われる。
まず、制御部10は、燃焼炉4内の炉内粒子量を、例えば、圧力計4aと圧力計4bとの差圧を炉内粒子量として計測し(S10)、さらに、排ガス中のN2O濃度を計測する(S11)。なお、制御部10は、この炉内粒子量とN2O濃度を常時監視しているものとする。
そして、制御部10は、炉内粒子量が上限値を超えているか否かを判定し(S12)、炉内粒子量が上限値を超えている場合には(S12-YES)、抜出部9を制御して、炉内粒子を抜出し(S13)、分級装置9aを制御して、抜出した炉内粒子の中から、分解粒子を抽出し、抽出した全ての分解粒子、又はその一部を燃焼炉4に再供給する(S14)。
そして、制御部10は、炉内粒子量が下限値になったか否かを判定し(S15)、炉内粒子量が下限値でない場合には(S15-NO)、さらに炉内粒子量を抜出して、上記の処理を繰り返す(S13)。
このように下限値になるまで、炉内粒子量が抜出されるとともに、分解粒子が抽出され、燃焼炉4に再供給されることで、燃焼状態と蒸気発生量の安定化を図りつつ、燃焼装置内に残存する分解粒子を有効に利用して、N2Oの排出を効率よく抑制することができる。
N2O濃度が管理値以内でなければ(S16-NO)、制御部10は、供給装置3bを制御して、分解活性能の高い新たな分解粒子の供給量を増加する(S17)。これにより、分解活性能の弱まった残存する分解粒子の抽出・再供給だけで、N2O濃度が管理値以内におさまらないような場合でも、新たな分解粒子を供給することで、N2Oの排出を確実に抑制できる。
その後、炉内粒子量を監視しつつ、N2O濃度が管理値以内となるまで、上記の処理を繰り返す(S12)。
一方、N2O濃度が管理値以内のときは、制御部10は、処理を終了する(S16-YES)。
これにより、分解粒子を過剰に供給することなく、計測されたN2O濃度に見合う適正量の分解粒子の供給によって、N2O濃度を管理値以内におさめることができる。
そして、本実施形態のN2O排出抑制方法によれば、炉内粒子量を監視しつつ、N2Oの排出を抑えることができるため、安定した燃焼及び蒸気発生量を確保しつつ、N2Oの排出を効率よく抑制することができる。
なお、この循環流動層燃焼装置には、燃焼炉4から炉内粒子量の一部を抜出す抜出部9などの燃焼装置内から炉内粒子量を減量させる減量手段が、少なくとも設置されていることを前提としている。
そして、炉内粒子量が上限値を超えているか否かを判定し(S22)、炉内粒子量が上限値を超えている場合には(S22-YES)、抜出部9や他の減量手段によって、炉内粒子量を減量させる(S23)。その結果、炉内粒子量が下限値になったか否かを判定し(S24)、炉内粒子量が下限値でない場合には(S24-NO)、さらに循環粒子量を減量させる、上記の処理を繰り返す(S23)。
N2O濃度が管理値以内でなければ(S25-NO)、制御部10は、供給装置3bを制御して、分解粒子の供給量を増加する(S26)。その後、炉内粒子量を監視しつつ、N2O濃度が管理値以内となるまで、上記の処理を繰り返す(S22)。そして、N2O濃度が管理値以内になったときは、処理を終了する(S25-YES)。
これにより、分解粒子を過剰に供給することなく、計測されたN2O濃度に見合う適正量の分解粒子の供給によって、N2O濃度を管理値以内におさめることができる。
そして、このようなN2O排出抑制方法によっても、炉内粒子量を監視しつつ、N2Oの排出を抑えることができるため、安定した燃焼及び蒸気発生量を確保しつつ、N2Oの排出を効率よく抑制することができる。
まず、制御部10は、燃焼炉4内の炉内粒子量を計測し(S30)、さらに、排ガス中のN2O濃度を計測する(S31)。
そして、炉内粒子量が上限値を超えているか否かを判定し(S32)、炉内粒子量が上限値を超えている場合には(S32-YES)、分解粒子の供給量を増加することができないため、処理を終了する。
一方、炉内粒子量が上限値を超えていない場合には(S32-NO)、N2O濃度が管理値以内か否かの判定を行う(S33)。
そして、N2O濃度が管理値以内でなければ(S33-NO)、制御部10は、供給装置3bを制御して、分解粒子の供給量を増加する(S34)。その後、炉内粒子量を監視しつつ、N2O濃度が管理値以内となるまで、上記の処理を繰り返す(S32)。その結果、N2O濃度が管理値以内になれば、処理を終了する(S33-YES)。
これにより、分解粒子を過剰に供給することなく、計測されたN2O濃度に見合う適正量の分解粒子の供給によって、N2O濃度を管理値以内におさめることができる。
このように減量手段が設けられない場合であっても、炉内粒子量を監視しつつ、N2Oの排出を抑えることができるため、安定した燃焼及び蒸気発生量の確保と、N2O排出抑制との両立を図ることができる。
また、分解粒子を供給する場所は、燃焼炉4に限られず、サイクロン5、熱交換器6、ループシール、フルオーシールなどの粒子循環機器、及びこれらをつなぐ配管などの燃焼ガスと分解粒子とが接触可能ないずれの場所から供給してもよい。
Claims (8)
- 窒素分を含む所定の燃料を燃焼させたときに発生するN2Oの排出を抑制する燃焼装置であって、
N2Oを分解する分解粒子を当該装置内に供給する供給手段と、
排ガス中に含まれるN2O濃度を計測する濃度計測手段と、
計測された前記N2O濃度を所定の管理値と比較し、この比較結果に基づき、前記分解粒子の供給量を調整する制御手段と、を備えることを特徴とするN2O排出抑制燃焼装置。 - 前記燃焼装置は、前記燃料と所定の流動媒体とを流動化させて燃焼するとともに、燃焼物から捕集した循環粒子を前記燃焼炉内に戻す循環流動層燃焼装置であって、
前記燃焼炉内に存在する、前記循環粒子を含む炉内粒子量を計測する粒子量計測手段を備え、
前記制御手段は、計測された前記炉内粒子量を所定の制限値と比較し、この比較結果に基づき、前記分解粒子の供給量を調整する請求項1記載のN2O排出抑制燃焼装置。 - 前記循環粒子量を減量させる減量手段を備え、
前記制御手段は、計測された前記炉内粒子量を所定の制限値と比較し、この比較結果に基づき、前記減量手段を制御して、前記循環粒子量を減量させる請求項2記載のN2O排出抑制燃焼装置。 - 前記減量手段として、前記燃焼炉内から前記炉内粒子を抜出す抜出手段を備え、
前記制御手段は、計測された前記炉内粒子量を所定の制限値と比較し、この比較結果に基づき、前記抜出手段を制御して、前記炉内粒子の抜出量を調整する請求項3記載のN2O排出抑制燃焼装置。 - 抜出された前記炉内粒子から前記分解粒子を抽出する抽出手段と、抽出された前記分解粒子を前記燃焼炉に再供給する再供給手段と、を備える請求項4記載のN2O排出抑制燃焼装置。
- 前記抽出手段は、抜出された前記炉内粒子を分級して、前記分解粒子を抽出する請求項5記載のN2O排出抑制燃焼装置。
- 窒素分を含む所定の燃料を燃焼させたときにN2Oが発生する燃焼装置に、N2Oを分解する分解粒子を供給して、N2Oの排出を抑制するN2O排出抑制方法であって、
排ガス中に含まれるN2O濃度を計測するステップと、
計測された前記N2O濃度を所定の管理値と比較し、この比較結果に基づき、前記分解粒子の供給量を調整するステップと、を含むことを特徴とするN2O排出抑制方法。 - 前記燃焼装置は、前記燃料と所定の流動媒体とを燃焼炉内で流動化させて燃焼するとともに、燃焼物から捕集した循環粒子を燃焼炉内に戻す循環流動層燃焼装置であって、
前記燃焼炉内に存在する、前記循環粒子を含む炉内粒子量を計測するステップと、
計測された前記炉内粒子量を所定の制限値と比較し、この比較結果に基づき、前記分解粒子の供給量を調整するステップと、を有する請求項7記載のN2O排出抑制方法。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801553555A CN102292596A (zh) | 2009-01-23 | 2009-12-28 | N2o排放抑制燃烧装置及n2o排放抑制方法 |
| US13/145,578 US20110271886A1 (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2009-12-28 | Combustion apparatus in which emission of n2o is controlled, and method for controlling emission of n2o |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009-013003 | 2009-01-23 | ||
| JP2009013003A JP5269631B2 (ja) | 2009-01-23 | 2009-01-23 | N2o排出抑制燃焼装置とn2o排出抑制方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010084559A1 true WO2010084559A1 (ja) | 2010-07-29 |
Family
ID=42355634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2009/007331 Ceased WO2010084559A1 (ja) | 2009-01-23 | 2009-12-28 | N2o排出抑制燃焼装置とn2o排出抑制方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110271886A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5269631B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102292596A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2010084559A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5916470B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-04 | 2016-05-11 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 流動層処理システム及び流動層燃焼排ガスのn2o除去方法 |
| FR2989597B1 (fr) | 2012-04-19 | 2014-11-28 | Degremont | Procede de denitrification des fumees produites par un four de combustion, et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
| FR2992309B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-06-27 | Degremont | Procede pour conduire la combustion dans un four afin de limiter la production d'oxydes d'azote, et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
| CN105276610A (zh) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-27 | 深圳市国创新能源研究院 | 燃料分级低氮燃烧系统及控制方法 |
| JP6804183B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-30 | 2020-12-23 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | 流動床式汚泥焼却炉 |
| JP2018200144A (ja) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-20 | 株式会社Ihi | 燃焼炉及びボイラ |
| CN120466675B (zh) * | 2025-05-27 | 2025-11-25 | 广州杰湖生物质成型燃料有限公司 | 一种用于烘干碳化的氮氧化物焚烧设备控制方法 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6246123A (ja) * | 1985-08-21 | 1987-02-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 高速流動床ボイラのSOx濃度制御方法 |
| JPH06123406A (ja) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-05-06 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 燃焼ガスの亜酸化窒素除去方法 |
| JPH10238713A (ja) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 加圧流動層ボイラおよびその運転方法 |
| JP2003185104A (ja) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-07-03 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 流動層ボイラ設備 |
| JP2004082111A (ja) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-03-18 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 燃焼装置におけるn2o及びnoxの排出抑制方法 |
| JP2004125331A (ja) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 汚泥燃焼炉の制御方法および同制御装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2807076C3 (de) * | 1978-02-18 | 1980-06-04 | Rheinisch-Westfaelisches Elektrizitaetswerk Ag, 4300 Essen | Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Schwefelemission von Kesselfeuerungen |
| SE450164B (sv) * | 1985-10-22 | 1987-06-09 | Asea Stal Ab | Sett att reglera beddhojden i en kraftanleggning med en fluidiserad bedd och kraftanleggning med anordning for reglering av beddhojden |
| US5024169A (en) * | 1990-02-13 | 1991-06-18 | Borowy William J | Process to refine flyash captured from pulverized coal fired boilers and auxiliary equipment |
| JPH04190010A (ja) * | 1990-11-22 | 1992-07-08 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 循環流動層ボイラ火炉内の流動灰量制御方法 |
| US5415111A (en) * | 1994-01-07 | 1995-05-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Circulating fluidized bed combustor with bottom ash re-injection |
| CN1302225C (zh) * | 2002-06-28 | 2007-02-28 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 燃烧装置中的N2O以及NOx的排出抑制方法 |
| EP2052770A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2009-04-29 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Method for decomposing dinitrogen monoxide |
-
2009
- 2009-01-23 JP JP2009013003A patent/JP5269631B2/ja active Active
- 2009-12-28 WO PCT/JP2009/007331 patent/WO2010084559A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2009-12-28 US US13/145,578 patent/US20110271886A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-28 CN CN2009801553555A patent/CN102292596A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6246123A (ja) * | 1985-08-21 | 1987-02-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 高速流動床ボイラのSOx濃度制御方法 |
| JPH06123406A (ja) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-05-06 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 燃焼ガスの亜酸化窒素除去方法 |
| JPH10238713A (ja) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 加圧流動層ボイラおよびその運転方法 |
| JP2003185104A (ja) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-07-03 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 流動層ボイラ設備 |
| JP2004082111A (ja) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-03-18 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 燃焼装置におけるn2o及びnoxの排出抑制方法 |
| JP2004125331A (ja) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 汚泥燃焼炉の制御方法および同制御装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110271886A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| JP2010169334A (ja) | 2010-08-05 |
| JP5269631B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
| CN102292596A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5269631B2 (ja) | N2o排出抑制燃焼装置とn2o排出抑制方法 | |
| RU2673285C1 (ru) | Способ сокращения содержания диоксида серы в дымовом газе, выходящего из котельной установки с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем | |
| CA2765431C (en) | Carbon heat-treatment process | |
| CN102459531B (zh) | 用于煤提质的装置及使用该装置的方法 | |
| US9828249B2 (en) | Operational conditions and method for production of high quality activated carbon | |
| EP2251598B1 (en) | Method and apparatus of controlling flow rate of primary recirculating exhaust gas in oxyfuel combustion boiler | |
| CN101952661A (zh) | 循环流化床锅炉、具备循环流化床锅炉的处理系统以及循环流化床锅炉的运转方法 | |
| De Las Obras-Loscertales et al. | Sulfur retention in an oxy-fuel bubbling fluidized bed combustor: Effect of coal rank, type of sorbent and O2/CO2 ratio | |
| CN107002989B (zh) | 用于鼓泡流化床燃烧的床料 | |
| JP6224903B2 (ja) | 微粉炭燃焼装置における硫黄分の除去方法 | |
| JP4937179B2 (ja) | 汚泥供給方法及び汚泥処理システム | |
| US5551357A (en) | Method and system for recycling sorbent in a fluidized bed combustor | |
| Kuo et al. | A study of the ash production behavior of spent limestone powders in CFBC | |
| EP2387545B1 (en) | Coal heat-treatment process and system | |
| CN1285712C (zh) | 一种废水焦炭粉混合固体燃料及其制备方法 | |
| US20110003686A1 (en) | Coal Heat-Treatment Process and System | |
| JP4105864B2 (ja) | 流動層ボイラにおける飛灰の再利用方法 | |
| JP2002174406A (ja) | 加圧流動層燃焼装置における流動粒子の磨耗速度の推定方法及び加圧流動層燃焼装置における流動粒子の粒度分布の予測方法 | |
| JP2010008040A (ja) | 流動層装置における硫黄分の除去方法及び脱硫剤 | |
| JPH02309103A (ja) | 流動床燃焼装置 | |
| JP4050895B2 (ja) | 加圧流動層燃焼装置における流動粒子の磨耗速度の推定方法及び加圧流動層燃焼装置における流動粒子の粒度分布の予測方法 | |
| WO2022158439A1 (ja) | 燃料の製造方法、燃料の製造装置、プラント、燃焼設備及び燃料 | |
| Grammelis et al. | Fluidized bed combustion of solid biomass for electricity and/or heat generation | |
| JPH02208403A (ja) | 流動床ボイラの脱硫方法 | |
| Bolhar-Nordenkamp et al. | Combustion of poultry litter in bubbling fluidised beds-results from a new 120 MWth unit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980155355.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09838752 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 5284/CHENP/2011 Country of ref document: IN |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 09838752 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |