WO2010069935A2 - Éléments composites à base de bois et de matière plastique renforcée par fibres - Google Patents

Éléments composites à base de bois et de matière plastique renforcée par fibres Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010069935A2
WO2010069935A2 PCT/EP2009/067123 EP2009067123W WO2010069935A2 WO 2010069935 A2 WO2010069935 A2 WO 2010069935A2 EP 2009067123 W EP2009067123 W EP 2009067123W WO 2010069935 A2 WO2010069935 A2 WO 2010069935A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
reinforced plastic
elements
pressure
composite
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/067123
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010069935A3 (fr
Inventor
Josef Peter Kurath-Grollmann
Original Assignee
Swissfiber Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swissfiber Ag filed Critical Swissfiber Ag
Publication of WO2010069935A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010069935A2/fr
Publication of WO2010069935A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010069935A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2644—Brackets, gussets or joining plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to objects and methods according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • the invention relates on the one hand to bending beams for loads in the construction sector, on the other hand on versatile composite elements for various constructions in indoor or outdoor use and on component composites in which at least two components made of wood material are interconnected.
  • a bending beam has two supporting ends on which it is supported, for example, suspended or placed on a support, and it is loaded from above, that is, applied in the vertical direction with force. Due to the load, there is generally only very slight bending of the bending beam, so that the material of the upper region of the bending beam is compressed (pressure forces act) and the material of the lower portion of the bending beam is pulled apart (there are tensile forces).
  • the upper area is therefore referred to as the pressure area, and the lower area as the Switzerland Jardin. Thrust forces are absorbed by the material arranged between the pressure region and the tensile region.
  • Bending beams for example, floors or ceilings or form roofs, while in civil engineering, for example, bridges are formed with it.
  • Trusses are generally lighter and more filigree than compact beams but require more space.
  • Wooden beams require more space than steel girders for the same load-bearing capacity, but can generally be processed and adjusted more easily on site.
  • an alternatively constructed bending beam is to be created and a corresponding method for creating a building or a part of a building.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide bending beams that are easily adaptable on site, ie on a construction site, and / or editable.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide bending beams that are machinable by means of woodworking techniques and / or tools.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide bending beams, the on-site, ie on a construction site, from prefabricated parts can be created, in particular in a simple manner.
  • Another object of the invention is to allow easy construction of buildings with translucent and / or colored bending beams.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a particularly lightweight bending beam.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a particularly delicate bending beam. At least one of these objects solves a device or a method with the features of the independent claims to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the bending beam has a pressure area and a pressure belt running in the pressure belt, as well as a tension area and a tension belt running in the tension area. It is characterized in that the pressure belt is at least partially formed by wood material and the tension belt at least partially by fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • wood-based material we mean (this of course applies to all aspects of the invention) material or material which consists predominantly of wood, that is to say has a weight fraction of> 50% wood
  • BSH glulam
  • MDF medium-density fibreboard
  • chipboard wood such as laths Embodiment of the invention
  • the wood material has a weight content of> 70% wood, in particular> 80% wood.
  • Wood-based materials have very good printing properties and can be processed relatively easily and with relatively little effort. Moreover, they are well available and relatively inexpensive.
  • fibers such as glass fibers or carbon, aramid or basalt fibers or natural fibers may be used.
  • Suitable plastics are both thermosets and thermoplastics, in particular, for example, epoxy, polyester, polyurethane, PMMA, vinyl esters and polyamide.
  • Fiber-reinforced plastics have very good tensile properties and are very well suited to absorb shear forces. In addition, they are lightweight and can easily be made translucent and / or colored. (This of course applies to all aspects of the invention.)
  • the inventive bending beam combines in a meaningful way the positive properties of wood-based material and fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the bending beam is a bending beam for loads in the construction sector.
  • the construction sector includes building construction and civil engineering.
  • the bending beams can be used for example in the construction of ceilings and / or floors and bridges use.
  • a pressure belt and a tension belt per se is always continuous, but that does not mean that it must be integrally formed.
  • the bending beam except for fasteners or - materials, exclusively of wood material (or wood materials) and fiber-reinforced plastic (or fiber-reinforced plastics).
  • the pressure belt has a continuous pressure part consisting essentially of wood-based material. Wood materials have good availability and good machinability.
  • the fiber reinforced plastic is low creep.
  • the pressure member is integrally formed.
  • the tension belt has a continuous tension member consisting essentially of fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the bending beam has an intermediate region extending from the pressure region to at least the tension region which is essentially formed by fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the bending beam has an intermediate region extending from the pressure region to at least the tension region, which is substantially free of wood-based material.
  • the bending beam apart from provided connecting elements for fixing apart of its main components, consists essentially exclusively of wood-based material and fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic has an E-modulus of at least 5000 N / mm 2 , in particular of at least 6000 N / mm 2 .
  • the modulus of elasticity is at most 12,000 N / mm 2 or even up to a maximum of 20,000 N / mm 2 .
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic has an E-modulus which is greater than the modulus of elasticity of the wood-based material.
  • the tension belt is essentially formed by fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic has a tensile strength of at least 90 N / mm 2 , in particular of at least 120 N / mm 2 . Typically, the tensile strength is at most 300 N / mm 2 to 400 N / mm 2 .
  • the bending beam is composed of prefabricated parts, which are connected to each other, possibly by connecting elements, and consist either of wood-based material or of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the tensile member is integrally formed.
  • the bending beam has at least one substantially plate-like surface element consisting essentially of fiber-reinforced plastic and extending from the pressure region into the tension region.
  • the at least one surface element thereby serves to enable a force flow between the pressure region and the tensile region, in particular between the pressure belt and the tension belt. Shearing forces, possibly also tensile forces, which occur due to the interaction between the pressure belt and the tension belt, can be absorbed by the at least one surface element. Both horizontal and vertical power flows can be picked up by the at least one surface element.
  • the at least one surface element is formed in one piece.
  • the bending beam has exactly one such surface element.
  • the bending beam has a plurality of such surface elements which are arranged side by side, in particular with respect to the horizontal side by side.
  • the bending beam has at least one substantially plate-like surface element consisting essentially of fiber-reinforced plastic and extending from the pressure area in the direction of the tension area or into the tension area, and he further has, in the printing area, at least two pressure parts consisting essentially of wood-based material.
  • the surface element is fastened in the pressure region between the two pressure parts. This can be created in an elegant way a good pressure and a good tension. And those between printing and Pulling belt occurring thrust forces are absorbed by the at least one surface element.
  • the bending beam has at least one of the pressure range in
  • the rib element is attached to the at least one surface element, in particular directly attached thereto.
  • a rib element can serve to stabilize the surface element.
  • it can support the introduction of force into the surface element, and it can also absorb pressure forces.
  • the bending beam has a plurality of such rib elements, which are arranged symmetrically with respect to a center line between the two support ends of the bending beam.
  • the rib element consists essentially of wood-based material.
  • the rib member is formed substantially flat.
  • the rib member is formed substantially rod-like.
  • the rib element is oriented substantially perpendicular to the local (local) orientation of the pressure belt.
  • the flexure beam has two support ends, having at each of the two support ends at least one fin element extending from the compression region to the tensile region.
  • the bending beam can be supported particularly well on the lower edge of the two rib elements.
  • these rib elements also consist essentially of wood-based material.
  • these rib elements are also substantially flat.
  • these rib elements are formed substantially rod-like.
  • the bending beam in the tension region has at least one reinforcing element running essentially along the tension belt.
  • the stiffening element can thus form part of the tension belt.
  • the stiffening element consists essentially of wood-based material.
  • the stiffening element consists essentially of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • This embodiment may be particularly advantageous in the case of angled bending beams.
  • the flexure beam comprises a substantially fiber reinforced plastic surface element having two edges and a middle region disposed between the edges, the surface element being in the region of the two edges in the printing area fastened and bent so that the central region forms at least part of the tension belt.
  • the pressure area is substantially along a longitudinal axis.
  • this longitudinal axis is simultaneously the longitudinal axis of the bending beam.
  • the tension region is also substantially along this longitudinal axis.
  • the printing area is angled.
  • the printing area forms two legs of an angle (with an interior angle ⁇ 180 °).
  • the legs are the same length.
  • the distance between the compression belt and the tension belt decreases from the point of contact of the legs to the other ends of the legs.
  • the printing area is arcuate.
  • the print area is tapered.
  • the method according to the invention is a method for creating a building or a part of a building, wherein a bending beam with a printing area and a pressure belt extending in the pressure belt and with a
  • the pressure member is attached directly to the tensile member.
  • the fastening of the pressure member to the tensile member is performed on a construction site upon which the construction or part of the construction is made.
  • components of the bending beam can be transported to the site and assembled there to form the bending beam.
  • this facilitates the material transport to the construction site considerably.
  • any adjustments to existing on the site (and possibly slightly different from previous planning) dimensions can be made in a simple manner.
  • the parts of wood-based material are prefabricated components and the parts of fiber-reinforced plastic are also prefabricated components.
  • attaching the pressure member to the tensile member includes at least partially creating at least one bore extending through the pressure member and the tensile member.
  • the pressure part and / or the tension member is not or only partially predrilled. It can be achieved a greater accuracy of fit. Due to the choice of materials (wood-based material, fiber-reinforced plastic), techniques and tools known from woodworking can be used. In particular, the said holes can be performed on site. The same applies to a fastening of any rib elements or stiffening elements.
  • the invention further includes methods having features corresponding to the features of described devices and vice versa.
  • new composite elements are to be provided and processes for their production.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide composite elements that are widely used.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide composite elements that are completely or at least partially collapsible.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide composite elements which are not susceptible to corrosion.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide composite elements that can be used in furniture.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a novel privacy screen, in particular a screen-like. At least one of these objects solves a device or a method with the features of the independent claims to the second aspect of the invention.
  • the composite element has at least two plate elements, which essentially consist of a wood material, and at least one joint element of a fiber-reinforced plastic, wherein each of the plate elements is connected to at least one other of the plate elements by at least one joint element.
  • the composite element essentially consists of the plate elements and the at least one joint element and optionally also composite elements, by means of which connections between plate elements and joint elements are secured.
  • the plate elements each have at least one slot extending substantially parallel to an edge of the respective plate element, into which at least one of the hinge elements is inserted.
  • the composite element is foldable, in particular such that the plate elements or at least a majority of the plate elements are stackable while still being interconnected by the hinge elements.
  • the at least one hinge element (22), in particular all hinge elements are flexible or bendable and can thereby act as a hinge element.
  • the composite element is or forms part of a pleat. In an embodiment that may be combined with one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, the composite element is or forms part of a door.
  • the composite element is a privacy screen or forms part of it.
  • the composite element is or forms part of a roof.
  • the composite element is a piece of furniture forming part of it.
  • each of the plate elements has at least one substantially straight edge and are each two of the Plate elements arranged so that they are arranged with a straight edge parallel to a straight edge of another plate element, and the two said straight edges are interconnected by at least one hinge element.
  • a joint axis running substantially parallel to the two edges is defined, wherein - all the joint axes of the composite element are arranged substantially parallel to one another;
  • the method for producing a composite element, in particular a folding mechanism, comprising at least two plate elements, which consist essentially of a wood material, and at least one hinge element made of a fiber-reinforced plastic includes that at least one hinge element at an edge of a first plate member and a second plate member is fastened, so that a connection between the first and the second plate member is formed, which due to a bendability or flexibility of the at least one hinge element, a counter-pivoting or tilting of the two plate elements to one in the allows substantially parallel to the said edge hinge axis.
  • the at least one hinge element is secured to an edge at the second plate element.
  • each of the plate elements is connected to at least one joint element on at least one further plate element in the manner mentioned.
  • At least one hinge element is inserted into at least one slot in one of the plate elements.
  • connecting elements in particular screws, nails, bolts or pins, are used for connecting hinge elements to plate elements, in particular wherein the connecting elements are substantially perpendicular to a plane defined by the respective plate element are aligned.
  • the invention includes methods with features that correspond to the features of described devices and vice versa.
  • novel component composites are to be created in which at least two components made of wood-based material are joined together, as well as methods for their production.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide component composites that are corrosion resistant.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide component composites that have a particularly good fit.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide component composites that allow good thermal insulation or form only very weak thermal bridges.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide methods for creating component interconnections that are relatively easy to perform and in particular still lead to high-quality and stable results.
  • the method for creating a composite component comprises the following steps: a) at least one connecting plate of a fiber-reinforced plastic is provided; b) the at least one connecting plate is adapted in its shape to the component to be created composite; and c) the at least one connecting plate is connected in a first region to the first component and in a second region to the second component by at least one connecting element.
  • This method may - apart from the fasteners - completely dispense with the use of metal parts.
  • a woodworker or person with no knowledge of metalworking can perform the process, especially without the assistance of a person skilled in metalworking.
  • first step a), then step b) and then step c) is performed. It is also the order a), c), b) possible.
  • step c) is performed individually for the component assembly to be created.
  • step b) is performed by sawing or milling.
  • step b) is carried out by means of a woodworking machine, in particular a saw or a milling cutter, which is optionally provided with a suitable tool for processing the fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular with a corresponding saw blade or a corresponding milling head.
  • the connecting elements are pin-shaped (eg bolts, screws, nails) of a transverse dimension (perpendicular to the pin axis, corresponding to the diameter eg of round nails or pins) of minimal 0.5 mm to a maximum of 16 mm, in particular from a minimum of 2 mm to a maximum of 8 mm.
  • step c) at least two, in particular at least four connecting elements are used per component.
  • steps b) and c) are carried out in a woodworking workshop or on a construction site on which the component assembly is to be installed or said components are present.
  • steps b) and c) will be accomplished by at least one of Woodworking performed, especially without the intervention of a metal worker.
  • the at least one connection plate prior to step b) is not yet adapted to the individual component assembly and / or has a standard size and shape.
  • connection plates are used in steps a), b) and c).
  • one of the connection plates having the first region is disposed outside on the first component and then connected to the first component in step c) in this position.
  • one of the connecting plates is inserted with the second region in a slot of the second component and then connected in step c) in this position with the second component.
  • At least one of the components is rod-like or beam-like. In one embodiment, which may be combined with one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, at least one of the components is plate-like or planar, optionally with at least one substantially perpendicular to a plane defined by the component part element, which is also made of a wood material and which is connected to at least one other of the components in step c).
  • At least one of the connecting plates is to be arranged on an outer side of the component composite, pre-drilled on the outside to be arranged connecting plate;
  • At least one of the components is to be arranged on an outer side of the component composite, pre-drilled on the outside to be arranged component.
  • the composite component comprises a first component of a wood material and a second component of a wood material, wherein the first and the second component are interconnected by at least one connecting plate made of a fiber-reinforced plastic, which in a first region by means of at least one connecting element with the first component and in one second area is connected by means of at least one further connecting element with the second component.
  • the first and second components are disposed adjacent one another, and the connection plate overlaps with the components.
  • the connecting elements are pins and / or bolts and / or screws and / or nails.
  • the connection plate is disposed with respect to each of the components with an area either on the component or in a slot of the component.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a bending beam
  • Fig. 33 is a view of the bending beam of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a section through the bending beam of FIGS. 2 and 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a section through a bending beam
  • Fig. Figure 6 is a view of a bending beam with stiffening element
  • FIG. 7 shows a section through the bending carrier from FIG. 6;
  • Fig. Figure 8 is a view of a bending beam with rib elements and stiffening element
  • Fig. 9 is a view of a bending beam with various rib elements
  • Fig. 10 shows a section through a bending support with a curved surface element
  • Fig. 11 is a plan view of the bending beam of Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a section through a bending beam with rib elements and stiffening elements
  • Fig. 13 is a view of the bending beam of Fig. 12; 14 shows a section through a bending beam with flat rib elements and stiffening elements;
  • Fig. 15 is a view of the bending beam of Fig. 14;
  • FIG. 16 shows a section through a bending beam with flat rib elements and stiffening elements
  • Fig. 17 is a view of the bending beam of Fig. 16;
  • Fig. 18 is a section through a bending beam with
  • Fig. 19 is a view of the bending beam of Fig. 18;
  • Figure 20 is a section through an angled bending beam with rib elements and stiffening element.
  • FIG. 21 is a view of the bending beam of FIG. 20; FIG.
  • FIG. 22 shows a composite element in the folded state
  • FIG. FIG. 23 shows the composite element from FIG. 22 in the unfolded state
  • Fig. 25 is a detail of a section through the composite element of Fig. 24;
  • FIG. 26 shows a composite element
  • FIG. 27 shows a vertical section of a truss node with connection plates
  • FIG. 28 shows a horizontal section through the lower flange of FIG. 27;
  • FIG. Fig. 29 is a vertical section of a beam connection with connecting plates;
  • FIG. 30 shows a horizontal section through the beam connection from FIG. 29;
  • FIG. Fig. 31 is a view of a bending beam with arcuate pressure belt;
  • FIG. 32 shows a view of a bending support with a double beveled pressure belt
  • FIG. 34 shows a side view of a component composite with two-way partially transparent connecting plates
  • FIG. 35 shows a front view of the component composite from FIG. 34.
  • Bending medium (first aspect of the invention):
  • Fig. 1 shows a sketch of a bending support 1 of the prior art to illustrate the terms used.
  • the bending beam has two support ends 11, where it rests on two supports 13, which are not considered part of the bending beam 1.
  • the length L of the bending beam 1 is determined along the z-axis height H and along the y-axis its thickness (abbreviated to D, in Fig. 1 not visible).
  • the bending beam 1 is loaded, which is illustrated by the open arrows. This results in a slight deflection of the bending beam, illustrated in Fig. 1 by dash-dot lines.
  • the material in the upper area, the pressure area 2 is compressed; the material in the lower area, the tensile area 3, pulled apart. Since the material of the simple beam- or board-like bending beam 1 in FIG. 1 is continuous in the printing area 3 (has no significant gaps / gaps), the bending beam forms a pressure belt 4 in the printing area. Since the material in the tension area 4 is continuous (no Significant gaps / gaps has), the bending beam forms a tension belt 5 in the train area. The material between pressure belt 4 and tension belt 5 absorbs the thrust forces occurring there. As an illustration In each view, most of the following drawings show two axes of the coordinate system.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a bending beam 1 according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a view of the bending beam 1 of Fig. 2, and
  • Fig. 4 shows a section through the
  • the bending beam 1 consists essentially of three parts: a plate-like surface element 9 made of fiber-reinforced plastic and two rod-like or lath-like in the pressure range arranged pressure parts 6 made of wood material. (What is meant by "wood material” has already been stated above.)
  • the surface element 9 extends from the printing area into the tension area and forms a tension belt 5 at its lower edge.
  • the lower area of the area element 9 forms a tension part 7.
  • the area between the pressure area and Switzerland Colour arranged region or part of the surface element 9 takes the occurring there
  • Fiber-reinforced plastic is very well suited for this.
  • Surface element 9 and pressure parts 6 are attached to each other, for example glued and / or clamped and / or held together by means of fasteners such as screws, nails, rivets, bolts, dowels or the like.
  • fasteners such as screws, nails, rivets, bolts, dowels or the like.
  • the shape shown in Fig. 3 of the surface element 9 is adapted to the forces occurring. It is also possible to provide a different shape, for example rectangular. The same applies to the further discussed bending beam.
  • Fig. 5 shows a section through a bending beam, which shows an alternative to Fig. 4.
  • the bending beam has only one pressure part 6, which has a slot for receiving the surface element 9.
  • Also in the case of the further discussed bending beams are single or multiple slotted pressure elements 6 (or
  • Stiffening elements 12 or rib elements 10 discussed below an alternative to compression elements 6 (or stiffening elements 12 or fin elements 10 discussed below), one on one side and another on the other side of the surface element 9 is attached.
  • compression elements 6 or stiffening elements 12 or fin elements 10 discussed below
  • Fig. 6 shows a view of a bending beam 1 with stiffening element 12, more precisely with two such.
  • Fig. 7 shows a section through the bending beam 1 of Fig. 6.
  • the stiffening elements 12 are mainly used to stiffen the bending beam 1, more precisely: the surface element 9, in the tension area.
  • the stiffening elements 12 also form tension parts 7 and part of the tension belt 5.
  • the stiffening elements 12 (in this and other Embodiments) are made of wood material, but may also be made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Fig. 6 and holes 14 are shown, in which wood material parts 6,7 and the surface element 9 are fastened from fiber-reinforced plastic together, for example by means of fasteners such as screws, etc.
  • Fig. 8 shows a view of a bending beam 1 with rib elements 10 and stiffening element 12.
  • the stiffening elements 12 in Fig. 8 do not extend from one support end of the bending beam 1 to the other, but are arranged substantially in the middle therebetween, because there occur the greatest forces.
  • bending beam 1 has two rib elements 10, the (in this and other
  • Embodiments of wood material, but also of fiber-reinforced plastic can exist. By such rib elements 10 bearing forces that occur at the support ends can be well received. Supports 13 are shown in dashed lines in Fig. 8 thick.
  • Fig. 9 shows in the same way as Fig. 8 is a view of a bending beam 1, but this has various rib elements 10.
  • the rib members 10 at the support ends of the bending beam 1 correspond in execution and effect to those of FIG. 8.
  • Rib elements 10 closer to the center of the bending beam 1 not only stabilize the surface element 9, but also support the introduction of force into the surface element 9 and also absorb vertical compressive forces themselves.
  • These as well as other rib members in other embodiments may also be mounted on only one side of the sheet member 9 without a counterpart on the other side.
  • the dashed line running parallel to the z-axis (that is to say vertically) approximately in the middle between the two support ends of the bending support 1 indicates that it is also possible to provide a surface element 9 composed of several parts, in particular with respect to the latter x-axis) are arranged substantially side by side. In such a case, these parts, which are generally made of fiber reinforced plastic, but must be well secured together. This can be done for example by gluing or welding, or by the parts are fastened by fasteners such as the above-mentioned rib members 10 or stiffening elements 12 to each other.
  • Fig. 10 shows a section through a bending beam 1 with curved surface element 9 made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Fig. 11 shows a plan view of the bending beam 1 from
  • the bending beam has a pressure belt, which is mainly formed by three board or lath-like pressure parts 6 made of wood material.
  • the surface element 9 has two edges 9a, in the region of which it is attached to the pressure parts 6, whereby it is also part of the pressure belt. Between the edges 9a surface element 9 has a central region 9b, which forms a tension belt.
  • the visible from the bending beam 1 in a view of the xz plane profile can, for example, the of Fig. 3 correspond or - similar to Figs. 6, 8, 9 - be substantially rectangular.
  • Fig. 12 sectional view
  • Fig. 13 show a
  • the type and mode of operation of the rib elements 10 and stiffening elements 12 corresponds to what has already been stated above (see Figures 6 to 9).
  • the distance between adjacently arranged vertically extending rib elements 10 is not constant, as in FIG. 9, but becomes smaller in the direction of the support ends, which better takes into account the occurring forces.
  • the surface element 9 may be formed in one piece; but it is also possible, for example, to provide a plurality of rectangular plates made of fiber-reinforced plastic, which are held together by vertically extending rib elements 10 and - in part - by the stiffening elements 12.
  • Fig. 14 (sectional view) and Fig. 15 show a
  • the rib elements 10 are formed as rectangular plates of wood-based material or fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Fig. 16 (sectional view) and Fig. 17 show a bending beam 1 with flat rib elements 10 and with stiffening elements 12.
  • the rib elements 10 are formed as plates made of wood material or fiber reinforced plastic, which are tapered downwards (ie from the pressure area in the direction of tensile area).
  • Fig. 18 (sectional view) and Fig. 19 show a bending beam 1 with rib elements 10 and stiffening elements 12 and plate-like surface elements 9.
  • the achievable by means of the strip-like surface elements 9 resilience and stability of the bending beam is not as large as in the above embodiments, but for the bending beam is not closed laterally (in the xz plane), but has openings.
  • the strip-like surface elements 9 of the embodiment of Figs. 18 and 19 mainly absorb traction.
  • FIG. 20 sectional view
  • FIG. 21 show an angled bending beam 1 with rib elements 10 and a stiffening element 12. While the bending beams discussed above have one along the longitudinal axis
  • the surface element 9 may be formed integrally (see Fig. 21) or be composed of two or more parts. This may for example be the case at the sectional area indicated by the two arrows, in which case the stiffening element 12 has the effect of holding the two parts together.
  • the surface element 9 tapers in the direction of the support ends 11, not only in the z-direction (which would also be the case in the case of a straight, parallel to the x-axis tension belt formed by the surface element 9), but also with respect to its extension in the xz Plane perpendicular to the respective printing part 6.
  • Fig. 31 shows a view of a bending beam 1 with arcuate pressure belt 6. Parts of wood material are represented by thick black lines. As in the other embodiments, the surface element 9 is made of fiber-reinforced plastic. The rib members 10 are optional.
  • FIG. 32 shows a view of a bending beam 1 with a double bevelled pressure belt 6. Rib elements 10 as in FIG. 31 can be provided.
  • FIG. 33 shows a view of a bending support 1 with asymmetrical pressure belt and openings 16 in the surface element 9.
  • the openings 16 can, as shown in FIG. 33, be relatively large, eg in the z-direction up to approximately half the height of the bending support 1, in FIG x direction even bigger.
  • a variety of shapes for the openings 16 are conceivable. Nevertheless, even such, provided with openings 16 surface element 9 course form a continuous tension belt 5, but also ensure a sufficient power flow between the pressure belt 4 and tension belt 5.
  • openings may also be provided in the other described embodiments.
  • bending beams are formed with asymmetric pressure belt.
  • the length L of the intended bending beam is usually at least three times, typically at least five times as large as the height H.
  • the length L of the intended bending beam is usually between 1 m and 50 m, typically between 5 m and 20 m.
  • the height H of the intended bending beam is usually between 0.1 m and 4 m, typically between 0.4 m and 2 m.
  • the height H of the contemplated bending beam is usually at least twice as large as the thickness D.
  • the thickness D is generally given by the components of wood-based material and is usually between 5 cm and 2 m, typically between 20 cm and 80 cm.
  • the thickness of fiber-reinforced plastic surface elements is usually between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, typically between 2 mm and 5 mm. If rib elements or reinforcing elements made of fiber-reinforced plastic are used, their thicknesses are generally within the same limits.
  • the presented bending beams can also be referred to as composite beams or hybrid beams, since they consist essentially of two different materials. Due to the choice of material (wood-based material and fiber-reinforced plastic), the presented bending beams can be easily assembled on a construction site. The individual parts (components) made of wood-based material or fiber-reinforced plastic are smaller and easier to transport than finished bending beams. For assembly, well-known techniques and tools from the timber industry, where it is recommended to use diamond-tipped cutting or drilling heads. If the wood-based components are fastened to the components of fiber-reinforced plastic by means of fasteners such as pins, pins, bolts, screws, nails, clamps, dowels, all or some of the required holes (see Fig. 6) can be drilled on site , whereby an improved fit accuracy can be achieved.
  • fasteners such as pins, pins, bolts, screws, nails, clamps, dowels
  • FIG. 22 shows a composite element 20 in the folded state.
  • Figs. Figures 23 and 24 show the composite element 20 of Figure 22 in an unfolded state; the viewing angle in FIG. 24 is different from that of FIG. 23 by about 90 °.
  • FIG. 25 shows a detail of a section through the composite element 20 from FIG. 24.
  • the composite element 20 consists essentially of a plurality of plate elements 21, which are connected in pairs by hinge elements 22 with each other.
  • the plate elements 21 are made of wood material, the hinge elements 22 made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Construction element 20 may be deformed and erected or otherwise used in the manner of a concertina or a screen, for example.
  • the described composite elements 20 can be used, for example, in furniture construction and / or for the formation of doors and / or as a screen, in particular where a variable length expansion is required. Also, supporting structures based on such composite elements 20 are conceivable, for example, roofs or domes, in particular foldable roofs or ball Operaoberblächen-like domes. Because such composite elements 20 may be foldable, they are easy to transport (see Fig. 22).
  • FIG. 26 shows that a composite element 20 of the type described with at least three plate elements 20 and at least three hinge elements 22 can also serve to form closed molds. Instead of providing, as shown in FIG.
  • a hinge element 22 typically has a thickness between 0.5 mm and 8 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm.
  • a plate element 21 typically has a thickness between 10 mm and 80 mm.
  • Component composites (third aspect of the invention):
  • Wood material and fiber-reinforced plastic are combined. Applications are mainly found in building construction and civil engineering. Typically, in such cases, a metal is usually combined with wood-based material.
  • a part of fiber-reinforced plastic or more parts of fiber-reinforced plastic in conjunction with one or more parts of wood-based material.
  • the part of fiber-reinforced plastic may be formed flat and engage in a slot of the wood material part.
  • several parts made of fiber-reinforced plastic are used per connection to be formed between two or more pieces of wood-based material
  • the thickness of the wood-based material parts between the parts of fiber-reinforced plastic is greater than the thickness of the parts of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • mechanical fastening means such as dowel pins, screws or nails are used.
  • Fig. 27 is a sectional view of a
  • Truss node 30 Four truss beams of wood material, of which the designated 32 denotes a lower flange are held by a plurality of plate-like connecting plates 31 (gusset plates) to each other. Several holes 34 serve to receive dowel bolts. Fig. 28 shows the
  • Fig. 29 shows a vertical section of a beam connection with connecting plates 34.
  • Two beams 35 are interconnected by means of a plurality of connecting plates 38 (extension plates).
  • Several holes 34 serve to receive dowel bolts.
  • Fig. 30 shows a
  • the thickness of the parts 31 and 38 made of fiber-reinforced plastic for example, between 1 mm and 10 mm or between 2 mm and 12 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 8 mm.
  • the thickness of the beams is for example between 10 cm and 1 m or between 4 cm and 30 cm; typically between 6 cm and 20 cm.
  • Figs. 34 and 35 on the outside of two or more components 62,64 of a wood material one or more connecting plates 39,39 'made of fiber reinforced plastic on one or more sides, in particular two sides apply one each and this to form a composite component 60 with the components 62,64 to connect, by fasteners 65, such as screws or bolts.
  • fasteners 65 such as screws or bolts.
  • the shape of the Verbingsplatten is generally adapted to the component composite to be created. Typical or commonly used shapes are: rectangular (such as in Figs. 29, 30), T-shaped (such as in Figs. 34, 35), L-shaped, V-shaped, Y-shaped, multi-jet (such as in Figs 27,28).
  • blades made of fiber-reinforced plastic, for example (as a standard starting material) rectangular plates of the corresponding
  • Thickness can be used; these may have minimum edge lengths of typically at least 10 cm and maximum edge lengths of typically up to about 3 m; Coiled long panels of fiber reinforced plastic of the appropriate thickness and width (e.g., between 10 cm and 1 m) may also be used. From such material in standard format, the required connection plates of the individually required shape and size can then be formed on site.
  • the component groups have the following, among others

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispositifs et des procédés portant sur des combinaisons de matériaux à base de matériaux dérivés du bois et de matière plastique renforcée par fibres. La structure composite (60) comprend un premier composant (62) et un second composant (63), consistant l'un et l'autre en un matériau dérivé du bois, lesdits composants étant interconnectés par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une plaque de raccordement (39) à base de matière plastique renforcée par fibres, ladite plaque de raccordement étant reliée dans une zone au premier composant au moyen d'un élément de raccordement (65) et dans une autre zone, au second composant au moyen d'un autre élément de raccordement. Le procédé utilisé pour obtenir une telle structure composite comprend les étapes suivantes: a) prévoir au moins une plaque de raccordement en matière plastique renforcée par fibres; b) adapter la forme de la plaque de raccordement à la structure composite à produire; et c) assembler la plaque de raccordement dans une zone au premier composant et dans une autre zone, au second composant, dans chaque cas au moyen d'un élément de raccordement. L'élément de raccordement présente au moins deux éléments sous forme de plaque consistant en un matériau dérivé du bois ainsi qu'au moins un élément articulé en matière plastique renforcée par fibres, chaque élément de type plaque étant relié dans chaque cas à au moins un autre élément de type plaque par respectivement au moins un élément articulé, cette structure permettant notamment de produire des ossatures repliables. Selon l'invention, la traverse flexible munie d'une membrure soumise à la compression s'étendant dans la zone de compression et d'une membrure de tension s'étendant dans la zone de tension se caractérise en ce que la membrure soumise à la compression se compose en partie de matériau dérivé du bois et que la membrure de tension se compose en partie de matière plastique renforcée par fibres. La traverse flexible présente de préférence une pièce de compression continue, essentiellement à base de matériau dérivé du bois et la membrure de tension présente une pièce de tension continue, essentiellement composée de matière plastique renforcée par fibres.
PCT/EP2009/067123 2008-12-19 2009-12-14 Éléments composites à base de bois et de matière plastique renforcée par fibres WO2010069935A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1994/08 2008-12-19
CH01994/08A CH700137A1 (de) 2008-12-19 2008-12-19 Biegeträger-verbundelement aus holz und faserverstärktem kunststoff.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010069935A2 true WO2010069935A2 (fr) 2010-06-24
WO2010069935A3 WO2010069935A3 (fr) 2010-08-19

Family

ID=41820476

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/067123 WO2010069935A2 (fr) 2008-12-19 2009-12-14 Éléments composites à base de bois et de matière plastique renforcée par fibres

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CH (1) CH700137A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010069935A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2530215A1 (fr) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-05 Thermoplast Composite GmbH Structure porteuse ainsi que composant avec une structure porteuse de ce type

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1461356A (fr) * 1964-01-10 1966-12-09 élément de construction composite en bois tel que poutre droite, poutre en arc et coque de toiture courbe
US5650210A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-07-22 Forestry And Forest Products Research Institute Wood joining structure and method thereof
DE10110799A1 (de) * 2001-03-06 2002-09-12 Raico Bautechnik Gmbh Verbindung für zwei Bauelemente

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH398023A (de) * 1962-04-03 1965-08-31 Kengeter Kurt Holzbauelement und dessen Verwendung
FR2691993B1 (fr) * 1992-06-03 1998-12-18 Michel Caillaud Poutres composees a membrures renforcees.
US6173550B1 (en) * 1993-03-24 2001-01-16 Daniel A. Tingley Wood I-beam conditioned reinforcement panel
WO2000017465A1 (fr) * 1998-09-22 2000-03-30 Ernst Buchacher Liants de colle a bois renforces par des fibres de carbones
US6460310B1 (en) * 2000-09-26 2002-10-08 Graftech Inc. Composite I-beam having improved properties
SE530436C2 (sv) * 2006-01-23 2008-06-03 Swelite Ab Byggelement
DE102007001651A1 (de) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-19 Evonik Röhm Gmbh Verbundsysteme unter Verwendung von Kunststoffen in Kombination mit anderen Werkstoffen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1461356A (fr) * 1964-01-10 1966-12-09 élément de construction composite en bois tel que poutre droite, poutre en arc et coque de toiture courbe
US5650210A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-07-22 Forestry And Forest Products Research Institute Wood joining structure and method thereof
DE10110799A1 (de) * 2001-03-06 2002-09-12 Raico Bautechnik Gmbh Verbindung für zwei Bauelemente

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2530215A1 (fr) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-05 Thermoplast Composite GmbH Structure porteuse ainsi que composant avec une structure porteuse de ce type

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010069935A3 (fr) 2010-08-19
CH700137A1 (de) 2010-06-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2001038657A1 (fr) Element de construction universel
DE19818525B4 (de) Holz-Beton-Verbundelement
WO2016116532A1 (fr) Support de coffrage et structure de coffrage
WO2004076764A1 (fr) Element de mur ou de plafond
DE3780064T2 (de) Wand.
DE202004020808U1 (de) Wand- oder Dachelement
DE19828607A1 (de) Verfahren zum Verstärken von Stahl- und Spannbetonbauteilen
CH701370A2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holz-Strukturelementen, ein Holz-Strukturelement und Lamellenelement.
AT405954B (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von vorgefertigten wandelementen für die errichtung von bauwerken sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens
WO2008025312A1 (fr) Panneau de construction et procédé de fabrication d'un panneau de construction
WO2010069935A2 (fr) Éléments composites à base de bois et de matière plastique renforcée par fibres
EP3612687A1 (fr) Poutre en treillis destinée au secteur de la construction et procédé de fabrication d'une telle poutre en treillis
EP1895074A2 (fr) Gabarit de montage, élément d'insertion pour la production de canaux de vis dans un élément de béton plat, élément composite en bois/béton et ossature porteuse composite en bois/béton
EP2398972B1 (fr) Procédé de production d'un corps de construction tridimensionnel
EP3792415A1 (fr) Système de raccordement permettant de monter un système de construction rapide, système de construction rapide doté d'un tel système de raccordement
AT517545B1 (de) Vorgefertigte Elemente aus beplankten Stahlrahmen zum Bau eines Gebäudes
EP1253257B1 (fr) Procédé de production d'un élément plat
EP3105389A1 (fr) Poutre en bois
EP0550803B1 (fr) Procédé d'assemblage de pièces en bois
WO2009049920A2 (fr) Module de construction pour l'édification d'un bâtiment
DE19929664A1 (de) Rahmenholm einer Glasrahmenkonstruktion für Brandschutzverglasungen
DE202016105596U1 (de) Tragwerk und Gebäude
DE10330278B3 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffverbundelementen
DE202020102290U1 (de) Aufgelöster Holzträger mit Kopplungsstoß, und Verwendung desselben
AT410566B (de) Schalungsanordnung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 09801430

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 09801430

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2