WO2010067447A1 - 内燃機関用蓄圧システム - Google Patents
内燃機関用蓄圧システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010067447A1 WO2010067447A1 PCT/JP2008/072566 JP2008072566W WO2010067447A1 WO 2010067447 A1 WO2010067447 A1 WO 2010067447A1 JP 2008072566 W JP2008072566 W JP 2008072566W WO 2010067447 A1 WO2010067447 A1 WO 2010067447A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- exhaust
- valve
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/04—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning exhaust conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0235—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using exhaust gas throttling means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/44—Passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet, e.g. reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
- F02B37/10—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump at least one pump being alternatively or simultaneously driven by exhaust and other drive, e.g. by pressurised fluid from a reservoir or an engine-driven pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
- F02D9/1035—Details of the valve housing
- F02D9/1055—Details of the valve housing having a fluid by-pass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/37—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with temporary storage of recirculated exhaust gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/36—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an exhaust flap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/14—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pressure accumulating system for an internal combustion engine provided with a pressure accumulating container that can introduce gas from an exhaust passage and can supply gas to the exhaust passage and can store pressurized gas therein. .
- a turbocharged diesel engine provided with an exhaust shutter for applying an engine brake to the exhaust passage.
- a supercharging pressure control device applied to such an engine includes a pressure vessel connected to an exhaust passage between an exhaust shutter and an exhaust valve, and the exhaust pressure is increased when the exhaust pressure is increased by closing the exhaust shutter.
- exhaust pressure is injected from the pressure vessel when it is necessary to accelerate the turbocharger turbine by storing the pressure in the pressure vessel (see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 exist as prior art documents related to the present invention.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a pressure accumulation system for an internal combustion engine that can prevent an exhaust pressure from becoming excessively high when a pressurized gas is stored in a pressure accumulation container.
- the first internal combustion engine pressure accumulation system of the present invention is applied to an internal combustion engine provided with an exhaust cutoff valve that can be switched between a fully closed position for closing the exhaust passage and a fully open position for opening the exhaust passage in the exhaust passage, Gas can be introduced from the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve, gas can be supplied to the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve, and pressurized gas can be stored inside
- an accumulator system for an internal combustion engine that includes a pressure accumulating vessel and accumulates pressurized gas in the exhaust passage upstream from the exhaust shut-off valve, the exhaust passage upstream from the exhaust shut-off valve
- Pressure acquisition means for acquiring the internal pressure or the pressure in the pressure accumulator, pressure adjusting means capable of adjusting the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve, and gas accumulating in the pressure accumulator Control for controlling the operation of the pressure adjusting means based on the pressure acquired by the pressure acquisition means so that the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve is sometimes limited to
- the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve when gas is stored in the accumulator vessel (hereinafter sometimes referred to as exhaust pressure). Since the pressure is limited to a predetermined exhaust pressure upper limit value or less, it is possible to prevent the exhaust pressure from becoming excessively high when the pressurized gas is stored in the pressure accumulating container. Therefore, by appropriately setting the exhaust pressure upper limit value according to the internal combustion engine, it is possible to reliably prevent gas leakage from the seal portion of the exhaust system and sudden decrease in the engine speed.
- the control means when the control means accumulates gas in the accumulator vessel, first, the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve is set to the exhaust pressure upper limit value. Then, the operation of the pressure adjusting means may be controlled so that the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shutoff valve changes within a predetermined pressure range with the exhaust pressure upper limit as the upper limit. In this case, since the exhaust pressure is first increased to the exhaust pressure upper limit value, the exhaust pressure can be quickly increased. Therefore, the pressurized gas can be quickly stored in the pressure accumulating container.
- gas is stored in the pressure accumulating container until a predetermined target pressure is reached, and a lower limit value of the predetermined pressure range is set to a value smaller than the exhaust pressure upper limit value and higher than the target pressure. May be. In this case, it is possible to prevent the exhaust pressure from becoming lower than the target pressure when gas is accumulated in the pressure accumulating container. Therefore, the pressurized gas can be quickly stored in the pressure accumulating container.
- the control means adjusts the pressure per unit time when the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve is adjusted.
- the operation of the pressure adjusting means may be controlled so as to be less than or equal to the allowable value. If the exhaust pressure changes suddenly when the exhaust cutoff valve is closed, the effectiveness of the engine brake changes suddenly, which may cause a sudden change in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.
- the amount of change in the exhaust pressure per unit time can be suppressed to a value less than or equal to the allowable value, it is possible to prevent a sudden change in the exhaust pressure by appropriately setting the allowable value. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a sudden change in the effectiveness of the engine brake and to suppress a sudden change in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine connects an exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve and an intake passage of the internal combustion engine, and the EGR passage
- An EGR valve that opens and closes the EGR valve, and the pressure adjusting means may be the EGR valve. By opening the EGR valve, the gas in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve can be discharged to the intake passage, so that the exhaust pressure can be adjusted.
- control means may gradually control the EGR valve to the closed side as the pressure acquired by the pressure acquisition means decreases.
- the EGR valve By controlling the EGR valve in this manner, the exhaust pressure is less likely to decrease when gas is accumulated in the pressure accumulating vessel. Therefore, the pressurized gas can be quickly stored in the pressure accumulating container.
- the exhaust cutoff valve can change an opening degree between the fully closed position and the fully open position, and the pressure adjusting means can A shut-off valve may be used. By opening the exhaust cutoff valve, the gas in the exhaust passage upstream from the exhaust cutoff valve can be discharged downstream from the exhaust cutoff valve, so that the exhaust pressure can be adjusted.
- control means may control the exhaust shut-off valve gradually to the closed side as the pressure acquired by the pressure acquisition means decreases.
- the exhaust pressure is unlikely to decrease when the gas is stored in the pressure accumulating container, so that the pressurized gas can be quickly stored in the pressure accumulating container.
- a bypass passage connecting an exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve and an exhaust passage downstream of the exhaust shut-off valve, and the bypass passage A bypass valve that opens and closes, and the pressure adjusting means may be the bypass valve.
- the gas in the exhaust passage upstream from the exhaust cutoff valve can be discharged downstream from the exhaust cutoff valve, so that the exhaust pressure can be adjusted.
- control means may gradually control the bypass valve to the closed side as the pressure acquired by the pressure acquisition means decreases.
- the exhaust pressure is unlikely to decrease when the gas is stored in the pressure accumulating container, so that the pressurized gas can be quickly stored in the pressure accumulating container.
- the internal combustion engine is mounted on a vehicle, and power between the internal combustion engine and a drive wheel of the vehicle is provided on an output shaft of the internal combustion engine.
- a transmission that is provided in the transmission path and can be switched to a plurality of transmission ratios having different sizes is connected, and the control means is configured to increase the speed of the vehicle or decrease the transmission ratio of the transmission.
- the smaller the gear ratio of the transmission the smaller the amount of gas discharged from the cylinder to the exhaust passage, and the lower the exhaust pressure. Therefore, the smaller the gear ratio of the transmission, the less effective the engine brake when the exhaust cutoff valve is switched to the fully closed state, and the deceleration when the vehicle decelerates becomes smaller. That is, when the gear ratio is small, the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is less likely to suddenly decrease even if the exhaust pressure upper limit value is increased compared to when the gear ratio is large. Therefore, the exhaust pressure upper limit value can be set higher as the gear ratio of the transmission is smaller. Generally, the higher the vehicle speed, the smaller the transmission gear ratio is switched. Therefore, the exhaust pressure upper limit value can be set higher as the vehicle speed is higher. By setting the exhaust pressure upper limit value in this way, the pressurized gas is quickly stored in the pressure accumulating container while preventing the vehicle from suddenly decelerating due to a sudden decrease in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. be able to.
- the second internal combustion engine pressure accumulation system of the present invention is applied to an internal combustion engine provided with an exhaust cutoff valve that can be switched between a fully closed position for closing the exhaust passage and a fully open position for opening the exhaust passage in the exhaust passage, Gas can be introduced from the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve, gas can be supplied to the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve, and pressurized gas can be stored inside
- an accumulator system for an internal combustion engine that includes a pressure accumulating vessel and accumulates pressurized gas in the exhaust passage upstream from the exhaust shut-off valve, the exhaust passage upstream from the exhaust shut-off valve
- a relief valve is provided that opens so that gas is discharged from the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shutoff valve.
- the second accumulator system for an internal combustion engine of the present invention when the pressure (exhaust pressure) in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust shut-off valve reaches the exhaust pressure upper limit value, the relief valve is opened.
- the exhaust pressure can be limited to an upper limit value or less. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the exhaust pressure from becoming excessively high when the pressurized gas is stored in the pressure accumulating container.
- the figure which shows the internal combustion engine in which the pressure accumulation system which concerns on the 1st form of this invention was integrated.
- the flowchart which shows the modification of an exhaust-pressure control routine The figure which shows an example of the relationship between the gear stage of a transmission, and exhaust pressure upper limit.
- FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine in which a pressure accumulating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is incorporated.
- An internal combustion engine (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an engine) 1 in FIG. 1 is a diesel engine mounted on a vehicle as a power source for traveling, and an engine body 3 having a plurality (four in FIG. 1) of cylinders 2. And an intake passage 4 and an exhaust passage 5 respectively connected to each cylinder 2.
- the intake passage 4 is provided with an air cleaner 6 for filtering the intake air, a compressor 7a of the turbocharger 7, and an intercooler 8 for cooling the intake air.
- the exhaust passage 5 includes a turbine 7b of the turbocharger 7, a catalytic converter 9 for purifying exhaust, and an exhaust cutoff that can be switched between a fully closed position that closes the exhaust passage 5 and a fully open position that opens the exhaust passage 5.
- a valve 10 is provided.
- the exhaust passage 5 and the intake passage 4 are connected by an EGR passage 11.
- the EGR passage 11 connects an exhaust manifold 5 a that forms part of the exhaust passage 5 and an intake manifold 4 a that forms part of the intake passage 4.
- the EGR passage 11 includes an EGR cooler 12 for cooling exhaust gas (hereinafter also referred to as EGR gas) guided from the exhaust passage 5 to the intake passage 4 and an EGR valve 13 for adjusting the flow rate of the EGR gas. Is provided.
- the EGR cooler 12 is provided closer to the exhaust passage 5 than the EGR valve 13.
- the EGR cooler 12 is provided with an exhaust pressure sensor 14 as pressure acquisition means for outputting a signal corresponding to the exhaust pressure of the EGR passage 11 (hereinafter also referred to as exhaust pressure) Pe.
- Each cylinder 2 is provided with an injector 15 for injecting fuel into the cylinder 2.
- Each injector 15 is connected to a common rail 16 in which high-pressure fuel supplied to the injector 15 is stored.
- the engine 1 includes a pressure accumulating system 20 for assisting the operation of the turbocharger 7.
- the pressure accumulation system 20 includes a pressure accumulation tank 21 as a pressure accumulation container.
- the pressure accumulation tank 21 is configured as a pressure vessel capable of storing pressurized gas.
- the accumulator tank 21 stores at least one of air and exhaust as a gas.
- the accumulator tank 21 is connected to the EGR passage 11 through a gas passage 22.
- the gas passage 22 connects the EGR passage 11 and the pressure accumulation tank 21 on the exhaust passage 5 side with respect to the EGR valve 13.
- a flow control valve 23 is provided in the gas passage 22.
- the flow rate control valve 23 is connected to a position where the gas passage 22 is fully opened so that the inside of the pressure accumulation tank 21 and the EGR passage 11 are connected (hereinafter also referred to as a fully open position), the inside of the pressure accumulation tank 21 and the EGR.
- the degree of opening can be adjusted between a shut-off position where the gas passage 22 is fully closed (hereinafter also referred to as a fully-closed position) so that the connection with the passage 11 is cut off.
- a pressure sensor 24 that outputs a signal corresponding to the pressure inside the pressure accumulation tank 21 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as tank pressure) is provided in the gas passage 22 closer to the pressure accumulation tank 21 than the flow rate control valve 23. Yes.
- the operation of the flow control valve 23 is controlled by an engine control unit (ECU) 30.
- the ECU 30 includes peripheral devices such as a microprocessor and RAM and ROM necessary for its operation, and an exhaust cutoff valve 10, an EGR valve 13, an injector 15 and the like based on output signals from various sensors provided in the engine 1
- this control may be referred to as fuel cut control.
- the ECU 30 adjusts the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 so that an appropriate amount of EGR gas is introduced into the intake passage 4 according to the operating state of the engine 1.
- the ECU 30 adjusts the opening degree of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 according to the operating state of the engine 1.
- the ECU 30 outputs a crank angle sensor 31 that outputs a signal corresponding to the rotational speed (rotation speed) of the crankshaft of the engine 1 and a signal that corresponds to the accelerator opening.
- An accelerator opening sensor 32, an air flow meter 33 that outputs a signal corresponding to the intake air amount, a vehicle speed sensor 34 that outputs a signal corresponding to the speed of the vehicle, and the like are connected.
- An exhaust pressure sensor 14 and a pressure sensor 24 are also connected to the ECU 30. In addition to these, various sensors are connected to the ECU 30, but they are not shown.
- the ECU 30 controls the pressure accumulation system 20 according to the running state of the vehicle and the operating state of the engine 1. For example, when it is necessary to assist the operation of the turbocharger 7, the ECU 30 controls the pressure accumulation system 20 so that the gas accumulated in the pressure accumulation tank 21 is supplied to the turbine 7b. Specifically, the ECU 30 first closes the EGR valve 13 and then switches the flow control valve 23 to the fully open position. As a result, the gas in the accumulator tank 21 can be supplied to the turbine 7b via the gas passage 22, the EGR passage 11, and the exhaust manifold 5a. Therefore, the operation of the turbocharger 7 can be assisted with this gas.
- the ECU 30 controls the pressure accumulation system 20 so that the pressurized gas is stored in the pressure accumulation tank 21 when the fuel cut control is executed to assist the operation of the turbocharger 7 in this way. To do. At this time, the ECU 30 accumulates gas in the pressure accumulation tank 21 until the tank pressure reaches a preset target pressure. As the target pressure, for example, a pressure capable of sufficiently accelerating the turbine 7b by supplying a gas of this pressure to the exhaust passage 5 is set.
- FIG. 2 shows a pressure accumulation control routine that the ECU 30 repeatedly executes at a predetermined cycle during operation of the engine 1 in order to store the pressurized gas in the pressure accumulation tank 21.
- the ECU 30 first acquires the traveling state of the vehicle and the operating state of the engine 1 in step S11.
- the running state of the vehicle for example, the speed of the vehicle is acquired.
- the operating state of the engine 1 for example, the rotational speed of the engine 1, the accelerator opening, the exhaust pressure Pe, the intake air amount, the tank pressure, and the like are acquired.
- ECU 30 determines whether or not a predetermined pressure accumulation condition is satisfied. For example, it is determined that the pressure accumulation condition is satisfied when fuel cut control is performed on the engine 1 and the tank pressure is equal to or lower than a pressure at which the operation of the turbocharger 7 can be assisted. If it is determined that the pressure accumulation condition is not established, steps S13 to S17 are skipped and the process proceeds to step S18.
- step S13 the ECU 30 is storing the pressurized gas in the pressure accumulation tank 21, that is, the pressure accumulation flag indicating that pressure accumulation is on. It is judged whether it is in a state. If it is determined that the pressure accumulation flag is on, steps S14 and S15 are skipped and the process proceeds to step S16. On the other hand, if it is determined that the pressure accumulation flag is OFF, the process proceeds to step S14, where the ECU 30 executes pressure accumulation start control for storing pressurized gas in the pressure accumulation tank 21. In this pressure accumulation start control, the ECU 30 first switches the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and the EGR valve 13 to fully closed respectively.
- the ECU 30 switches the flow control valve 23 to full open.
- the gas in the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 can be pressurized and stored in the pressure accumulation tank 21.
- the fuel cut control is being executed, so that air is discharged from the cylinder 2 to the exhaust passage 5. Therefore, the gas stored in the pressure accumulating tank 21 is almost air.
- the ECU 30 switches the pressure accumulation flag to the ON state.
- the ECU 30 executes exhaust pressure control.
- the exhaust shut-off valve 10 and the EGR valve 13 are fully closed, so the pressure in the exhaust passage 5 upstream from the exhaust shut-off valve 10 increases.
- the ECU 30 adjusts the pressure in the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 by adjusting the opening of the EGR valve 13 in order to prevent such a gas leak and a sudden decrease in the engine speed.
- exhaust pressure Pe When the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and the EGR valve 13 are fully closed, the pressure in the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 is the same as the pressure in the EGR passage 11. Therefore, hereinafter, the pressure in the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 when accumulating pressure in the accumulator tank 21 may be referred to as exhaust pressure Pe.
- FIG. 3 shows an exhaust pressure control routine executed by the ECU 30 to adjust the exhaust pressure Pe when accumulating pressure in the accumulator tank 21. That is, in step S16 of FIG. 2, the control routine shown in FIG. 3 is executed. In FIG. 3, the same processing as that in FIG. By executing this control routine, the ECU 30 functions as the control means of the present invention.
- the ECU 30 first acquires the traveling state of the vehicle and the operating state of the engine 1 in step S11. In the next step S21, the ECU 30 determines whether or not the exhaust pressure Pe is equal to or higher than a predetermined exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax is a threshold value that is set in order to prevent the gas leakage and the sudden decrease in the engine speed as described above during the pressure accumulation in the pressure accumulation tank 21.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax is, for example, a pressure value at which gas starts to leak to the outside from a seal portion provided in the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and a pressure value that can prevent sudden deceleration of the vehicle due to engine braking Etc., and a value lower than such a pressure value is set. Further, a value higher than the target pressure of the pressure accumulating tank 21 is set as the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax.
- the process proceeds to step S22, and the ECU 30 sets the opening degree of the EGR valve 13.
- the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 is set with reference to, for example, a map shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows an example of the relationship between the rotational speed and intake air amount of the engine 1 and the opening degree of the EGR valve 13.
- the amount of gas discharged from the cylinder 2 to the exhaust passage 5 changes according to the operating state of the engine 1, and the amount of gas increases as the rotational speed of the engine 1 increases and the amount of intake air increases.
- the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 is set to a larger value as the rotational speed of the engine 1 is higher and as the intake air amount is larger. Note that the relationship shown in FIG. 4 may be obtained in advance through experiments or the like and stored in the RAM of the ECU 30.
- the ECU 30 opens the EGR valve 13 to the set opening degree. Thereafter, the current control routine is terminated.
- the ECU 30 controls the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 so that the exhaust pressure Pe does not suddenly decrease.
- the EGR valve 13 is opened so that the amount of change in pressure per unit time is equal to or less than a predetermined allowable value set in advance.
- the amount of change in the exhaust pressure Pe per unit time when the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 is changed is affected by the volume of the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and the like. Therefore, the predetermined allowable value may be appropriately set according to the volume of the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10, for example.
- step S24 the ECU 30 determines whether or not the exhaust pressure Pe is equal to or lower than a predetermined exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin.
- the exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin is a lower limit value of the pressure necessary to store gas in the pressure accumulation tank 21 up to the target pressure.
- the target pressure is set as the exhaust pressure lower limit Pmin.
- the current control routine is terminated.
- the process proceeds to step S25, and the ECU 30 fully closes the EGR valve 13. If the EGR valve 13 is already fully closed, the EGR valve 13 is maintained in that state. Thereafter, the current control routine is terminated.
- the EGR valve 13 functions as the pressure adjusting means of the present invention.
- step S16 the exhaust pressure control in step S16 ends.
- the process proceeds to step S17, and the ECU 30 determines whether the tank pressure is equal to or higher than the target pressure. If it is determined that the tank pressure is less than the target pressure, the current control routine is terminated. On the other hand, when it is determined that the tank pressure is equal to or higher than the target pressure, or when a negative determination is made in step S12, the process proceeds to step S18, and the ECU 30 executes pressure accumulation end control. In this pressure accumulation end control, the ECU 30 first switches the flow control valve 23 to fully closed. Thereby, the pressure accumulation to the pressure accumulation tank 21 is completed.
- the ECU 30 once opens the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and the EGR valve 13 to reduce the exhaust pressure Pe, and then controls the opening of these valves according to the operating state of the engine 1. Switch to normal control. In subsequent step S19, the ECU 30 switches the pressure accumulation flag to an off state. Thereafter, the current control routine is terminated.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the time variation of the accelerator opening, the opening of the EGR valve 13, the exhaust pressure Pe, and the tank pressure when the pressure accumulation control routine of FIG. ing.
- the solid line L1 of FIG. 5 has shown the time change of the exhaust pressure Pe
- the solid line L2 has shown the time change of the tank pressure.
- the EGR valve 13 is fully closed. As a result, the exhaust pressure Pe begins to rise again.
- the tank pressure reaches the target pressure at time T3
- the pressure accumulation end control is executed, the EGR valve 13 is once fully opened, and then the control of the EGR valve 13 is returned to the normal control.
- the EGR valve 13 is controlled to be fully closed in the normal control.
- the exhaust pressure Pe is adjusted to a pressure range between the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax and the exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin in the period Tc between the times T1 and T3.
- the exhaust pressure Pe is restricted to the exhaust pressure upper limit Pmax or less when the pressure is accumulated in the pressure accumulation tank 21, and therefore, the exhaust pressure Pe is prevented from becoming excessively high. it can. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent gas leakage from the seal portion provided in the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and a sudden decrease in the rotational speed of the engine 1.
- the exhaust pressure Pe is first increased to the exhaust pressure upper limit Pmax, so that the gas pressurized in the pressure accumulating tank 21 can be quickly stored. Then, after increasing the exhaust pressure Pe to the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax, as shown in FIG. 5, the exhaust pressure Pe changes so as to change within a pressure range between the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax and the exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin. Since the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 is adjusted, the gas pressurized in the pressure accumulating tank 21 can be stored more rapidly.
- the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 is controlled so that the amount of change in the exhaust pressure Pe per unit time is not more than a predetermined allowable value, so that the exhaust pressure Pe suddenly decreases. Can be suppressed. Therefore, a sudden change in the rotational speed of the engine 1 can be suppressed.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax and the exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin are not limited to the values described above.
- the exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin may be set to a value higher than the target pressure of the pressure accumulation tank 21.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax may be changed according to the traveling state of the vehicle or the operating state of the engine 1.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax may be changed according to the gear ratio of the transmission to which the output shaft of the engine 1 is connected.
- the transmission is provided in a power transmission path between the engine 1 and the drive wheels, and can be switched to a plurality of transmission ratios having different sizes.
- the smaller the gear ratio of the transmission that is, the higher the gear set, the greater the torque required for the engine 1 and the lower the rotational speed of the engine 1. Therefore, it can be estimated that the smaller the gear ratio of the transmission, the smaller the amount of gas discharged from the cylinder 2 to the exhaust passage 5, and the lower the exhaust pressure Pe.
- the smaller the gear ratio of the transmission the less effective the engine brake when the exhaust cutoff valve 10 is switched to the fully closed state, and the deceleration when the vehicle decelerates becomes smaller. That is, when the gear ratio is small with the high speed gear set, the rotational speed of the engine 1 rapidly decreases even if the exhaust pressure upper limit Pmax is increased as compared with the case where the gear ratio is large with the low speed gear set. It is difficult, and it becomes difficult to decelerate the vehicle suddenly. Therefore, the exhaust pressure upper limit Pmax is set higher as the gear ratio of the transmission is smaller, in other words, the higher the gear is set.
- FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of an exhaust pressure control routine for changing the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax in accordance with the gear ratio of the transmission as described above.
- the same processes as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the control routine of FIG. 6 first, in step S11, the traveling state of the vehicle and the operating state of the engine 1 are acquired. At this time, the gear stage of the transmission, that is, the gear ratio is also acquired as the vehicle running state.
- the ECU 30 sets the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax based on the acquired gear stage.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax may be set with reference to, for example, a map shown in FIG. FIG.
- step S31 the ECU 30 functions as the upper limit setting means of the present invention. After the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax is set, the process proceeds to step S21, and thereafter the process proceeds in the same manner as in FIG.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit Pmax is increased as the gear position of the transmission is higher, the pressure accumulation tank 21 is prevented from being decelerated suddenly.
- the pressurized gas can be quickly stored.
- the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax may be set according to the speed of the vehicle. In general, when the vehicle speed is high, it can be estimated that the gear stage of the transmission is switched to the high speed side. Therefore, the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax may be increased as the vehicle speed increases. Also in this case, the pressurized gas can be quickly stored in the accumulator tank 21 while preventing the vehicle from decelerating suddenly.
- the valve for adjusting the exhaust pressure Pe at the time of pressure accumulation in the pressure accumulation tank 21 in the pressure accumulation system 20 of the first embodiment is not limited to the EGR valve 13.
- a valve whose opening degree can be changed between a fully open position where the exhaust passage 5 is fully opened and a fully closed position where the exhaust passage 5 is fully closed is provided as the exhaust cutoff valve 10, and this valve is controlled instead of the EGR valve 13.
- the exhaust pressure Pe may be adjusted.
- a valve for example, a slide type electromagnetic exhaust cutoff valve is provided.
- the exhaust cutoff valve 10 is controlled by the same method as the method for controlling the EGR valve 13 described above.
- the exhaust cutoff valve 10 is opened when the exhaust pressure Pe becomes equal to or higher than the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax, and is fully closed when the exhaust pressure Pe becomes equal to or lower than the exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin.
- the exhaust cutoff valve 10 is controlled so that the amount of change in the exhaust pressure Pe per unit time is less than or equal to a predetermined allowable value.
- the exhaust cutoff valve 10 functions as the pressure adjusting means of the present invention.
- the exhaust passage 5 is provided with a bypass passage 40 for bypassing the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and a bypass valve 41 for opening and closing the bypass passage 40.
- the bypass valve 41 is controlled to control the exhaust pressure. Pe may be adjusted.
- FIG. 8 shows the exhaust passage 5 in the vicinity of the exhaust cutoff valve 10 in an enlarged manner.
- the bypass valve 41 is provided with a valve whose opening degree can be adjusted between a fully open position where the bypass passage 40 is fully opened and a fully closed position where the bypass passage 40 is fully closed.
- the bypass valve 41 is opened when the exhaust pressure Pe becomes equal to or higher than the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax, and when the exhaust pressure Pe becomes equal to or lower than the exhaust pressure lower limit value Pmin. Controlled to be closed. Further, the bypass valve 41 is controlled so that the amount of change in the exhaust pressure Pe per unit time is not more than a predetermined allowable value. In this case, the bypass valve 41 functions as the pressure adjusting means of the present invention.
- the exhaust pressure Pe when the exhaust pressure Pe is controlled by the exhaust shut-off valve 10 or the bypass valve 41, the pressure is reduced downstream of the turbine 7b, and therefore the exhaust pressure upstream of the turbine 7b is unlikely to decrease. That is, the pressure in the exhaust passage 5 upstream from the turbine 7b can be increased. Therefore, the rotation of the turbine 7b can be quickly increased when the vehicle is reaccelerated immediately after the pressure accumulation in the pressure accumulation tank 21 is completed.
- the exhaust pressure Pe may be adjusted by using all of the EGR valve 13, the exhaust cutoff valve 10, and the bypass valve 41, or by combining any two of these valves. May be.
- the control method of the EGR valve 13 is not limited to the control method described above.
- the EGR valve 13 may be opened to a preset fixed opening. In this case, the process of step S22 of FIG. 3 can be omitted.
- the period during which the EGR valve 13 is kept open may be a fixed time set in advance. In this case, the EGR valve 13 is switched to the fully closed position when this fixed time has elapsed.
- the exhaust pressure Pe when accumulating pressure in the accumulator tank 21 can be limited to the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax or less.
- the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and the bypass valve 41 may be controlled by the same control method.
- the opening degree of the EGR valve 13 when the exhaust pressure Pe is being reduced may be feedback controlled based on the exhaust pressure Pe.
- the EGR valve 13 may be controlled so that the EGR valve 13 is gradually closed as the exhaust pressure Pe decreases.
- the exhaust cutoff valve 10 and the bypass valve 41 may be controlled by the same control method.
- FIG. 9 shows an internal combustion engine in which a pressure accumulating system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is incorporated.
- parts common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment except that a check valve 50 as a relief valve is provided in the EGR passage 11.
- the check valve 50 is configured to open when the exhaust pressure Pe reaches the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax and discharge the gas in the EGR passage 11 to the outside.
- the check valve 50 opens when the exhaust pressure Pe reaches the exhaust pressure upper limit value Pmax, so that the gas is discharged to the outside from the exhaust passage 5 upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve 10. can do.
- the exhaust pressure Pe can be reduced, so that the exhaust pressure Pe can be prevented from becoming excessively high when the pressure accumulation tank 21 is accumulating.
- the check valve 50 may be configured to open when the tank pressure reaches the exhaust pressure upper limit Pmax.
- the present invention can be implemented in various forms without being limited to the above-described forms.
- the pressure accumulation system of the present invention is not limited to a diesel engine, and may be applied to various internal combustion engines that use gasoline or other fuels.
- the gas mainly stored in the pressure accumulating tank is not limited to air, and exhaust gas may be stored.
- the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve may be estimated based on the time elapsed since the exhaust cutoff valve and the EGR valve are fully closed, the engine speed, the intake air amount of the engine, and the like. .
- the ECU corresponds to the pressure acquisition means of the present invention. Further, when gas is accumulated in the pressure accumulation tank, the pressure in the pressure accumulation tank and the pressure in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust cutoff valve are correlated. Therefore, even if the operation of the EGR valve and the exhaust shut-off valve is controlled based on the output signal of the pressure sensor that outputs a signal corresponding to the pressure in the pressure accumulating tank, the exhaust pressure can be limited to the exhaust pressure upper limit value or less. Good.
- the pressure sensor corresponds to the pressure acquisition means of the present invention.
- the exhaust pressure or the tank pressure is estimated based on various physical quantities that correlate with the pressure in the exhaust passage when the gas is accumulated in the pressure accumulation tank, and the EGR valve and the pressure are determined based on the estimated exhaust pressure or the tank pressure.
- the operation of the exhaust cutoff valve or the like may be controlled. That is, the operations of the EGR valve, the exhaust cutoff valve, and the like when accumulating pressure in the accumulator tank may be controlled based on various physical quantities that correlate with the pressure in the exhaust passage at that time.
- An adsorbent capable of adsorbing gas and releasing the adsorbed gas may be accommodated inside the pressure accumulating tank.
- an adsorbent for example, activated carbon, zeolite, alumina, or carbon molecular sieve is used.
- the adsorbent is not limited to a single substance, and may be a mixture of these substances.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1の形態に係る蓄圧システムが組み込まれた内燃機関を示している。図1の内燃機関(以下、エンジンと称することがある。)1は、車両に走行用動力源として搭載されるディーゼルエンジンであり、複数(図1では4つ)のシリンダ2を有する機関本体3と、各シリンダ2にそれぞれ接続される吸気通路4及び排気通路5とを備えている。吸気通路4には、吸気を濾過するためのエアクリーナ6と、ターボ過給機7のコンプレッサ7aと、吸気を冷却するためのインタークーラ8とが設けられている。排気通路5には、ターボ過給機7のタービン7bと、排気を浄化するための触媒コンバータ9と、排気通路5を閉じる全閉位置と排気通路5を開ける全開位置とに切り替え可能な排気遮断弁10とが設けられている。
図9は、本発明の第2の形態に係る蓄圧システムが組み込まれた内燃機関を示している。なお、図9において第1の形態と共通の部分には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。この図に示したように第2の形態では、EGR通路11に逃がし弁としてのチェック弁50が設けられている点が異なり、それ以外は第1の形態と同じである。このチェック弁50は、排気圧Peが排気圧上限値Pmaxに達すると開弁してEGR通路11内のガスを外部に排出するように構成されている。
Claims (12)
- 排気通路に前記排気通路を閉じる全閉位置と前記排気通路を開ける全開位置とに切り替え可能な排気遮断弁が設けられた内燃機関に適用され、前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路からガスを導入可能であるとともに前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路にガスを供給可能に設けられ、かつ内部に加圧されたガスを溜めることが可能な蓄圧容器を備え、前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力を高めて前記蓄圧容器に加圧されたガスを溜める内燃機関用蓄圧システムにおいて、
前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力又は前記蓄圧容器内の圧力を取得する圧力取得手段と、前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力を調整可能な圧力調整手段と、前記蓄圧容器にガスを溜めているときに前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力が所定の排気圧上限値以下に制限されるように前記圧力取得手段が取得した圧力に基づいて前記圧力調整手段の動作を制御する制御手段と、を備えている内燃機関用蓄圧システム。 - 前記制御手段は、前記蓄圧容器にガスを溜めるとき、まず前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力を前記排気圧上限値まで高め、その後前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力が前記排気圧上限値を上限とする所定の圧力範囲内で変化するように前記圧力調整手段の動作を制御する請求項1の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。
- 前記蓄圧容器には、所定の目標圧力に達するまでガスが溜められ、
前記所定の圧力範囲の下限値には、前記排気圧上限値より小さく、かつ前記目標圧力以上の値が設定されている請求項2の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。 - 前記制御手段は、前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力を調整する場合にこの圧力の単位時間あたりの変化量が所定の許容値以下になるように前記圧力調整手段の動作を制御する請求項1~3のいずれか一項の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。
- 前記内燃機関が、前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路と前記内燃機関の吸気通路とを接続するEGR通路と、前記EGR通路を開閉するEGR弁と、を備え、
前記圧力調整手段は、前記EGR弁である請求項1~4のいずれか一項の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。 - 前記制御手段は、前記圧力取得手段が取得した圧力が低下するに従って前記EGR弁を漸次閉じ側に制御する請求項5の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。
- 前記排気遮断弁は、前記全閉位置と前記全開位置との間で開度を変更可能であり、
前記圧力調整手段は、前記排気遮断弁である請求項1~4のいずれか一項の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。 - 前記制御手段は、前記圧力取得手段が取得した圧力が低下するに従って前記排気遮断弁を漸次閉じ側に制御する請求項7の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。
- 前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路と前記排気遮断弁より下流側の排気通路とを接続するバイパス通路と、前記バイパス通路を開閉するバイパス弁と、をさらに備え、
前記圧力調整手段は、前記バイパス弁である請求項1~4のいずれか一項の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。 - 前記制御手段は、前記圧力取得手段が取得した圧力が低下するに従って前記バイパス弁を漸次閉じ側に制御する請求項9の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。
- 前記内燃機関が車両に搭載されるとともに、前記内燃機関の出力軸には前記内燃機関と前記車両の駆動輪との間の動力伝達経路中に設けられて互いに大きさの異なる複数の変速比に切り替え可能な変速装置が接続され、
前記制御手段は、前記車両の速度が高いほど、又は前記変速装置における変速比が小さいほど前記排気圧上限値を高く設定する上限値設定手段を備えている請求項1~10のいずれか一項の内燃機関用蓄圧システム。 - 排気通路に前記排気通路を閉じる全閉位置と前記排気通路を開ける全開位置とに切り替え可能な排気遮断弁が設けられた内燃機関に適用され、前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路からガスを導入可能であるとともに前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路にガスを供給可能に設けられ、かつ内部に加圧されたガスを溜めることが可能な蓄圧容器を備え、前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力を高めて前記蓄圧容器に加圧されたガスを溜める内燃機関用蓄圧システムにおいて、
前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路内の圧力又は前記蓄圧容器内の圧力が所定の排気圧上限値に達すると前記排気遮断弁より上流側の排気通路からガスが排出されるように開弁する逃がし弁を備えている内燃機関用蓄圧システム。
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EP08878746.0A EP2360362B1 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | Pressure accumulation system for internal combustion engine |
US13/120,022 US8652007B2 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | Pressure accumulation system for internal combustion engine |
CN2008801311829A CN102159812B (zh) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | 内燃机用储压系统 |
JP2010541938A JP5115630B2 (ja) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | 内燃機関用蓄圧システム |
PCT/JP2008/072566 WO2010067447A1 (ja) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | 内燃機関用蓄圧システム |
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JP2008267170A (ja) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-11-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | エネルギー回収装置 |
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US20140182286A1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Volvo Car Corporation | Turbocharger |
US9322322B2 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-04-26 | Volvo Car Corporation | Turbocharger |
US9719438B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2017-08-01 | Volvo Car Corporation | Turbocharger |
Also Published As
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CN102159812A (zh) | 2011-08-17 |
US8652007B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 |
EP2360362B1 (en) | 2015-03-25 |
EP2360362A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
JP5115630B2 (ja) | 2013-01-09 |
EP2360362A4 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
CN102159812B (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
JPWO2010067447A1 (ja) | 2012-05-17 |
US20110237392A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
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