WO2010067155A1 - Utilisation comme agent améliorant la maniabilité d'une formulation aqueuse à base de liants hydrauliques, d'un copolymère (méth)acrylique peigne et d'un épaississant acrylique associatif - Google Patents
Utilisation comme agent améliorant la maniabilité d'une formulation aqueuse à base de liants hydrauliques, d'un copolymère (méth)acrylique peigne et d'un épaississant acrylique associatif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010067155A1 WO2010067155A1 PCT/IB2009/007589 IB2009007589W WO2010067155A1 WO 2010067155 A1 WO2010067155 A1 WO 2010067155A1 IB 2009007589 W IB2009007589 W IB 2009007589W WO 2010067155 A1 WO2010067155 A1 WO 2010067155A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acrylic
- group
- comb copolymer
- aqueous formulation
- meth
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 nitroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000159 acid neutralizing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012988 Dithioester Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCC1 XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000746 allylic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005022 dithioester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- DOEXKUOGPAEBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-(2-methylprop-2-enoyl)carbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)C(C)=C DOEXKUOGPAEBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IPZIVCLZBFDXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-prop-2-enoylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)C=C IPZIVCLZBFDXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OCAAZRFBJBEVPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC=C OCAAZRFBJBEVPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012989 trithiocarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 51
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 3
- UDHXJZHVNHGCEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorophacinone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=O UDHXJZHVNHGCEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002270 exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
- C08F265/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of esters
- C08F265/06—Polymerisation of acrylate or methacrylate esters on to polymers thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/04—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0049—Water-swellable polymers
- C04B2103/005—Alkali-swellable polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/32—Superplasticisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the sector of additives which are used in aqueous formulations based on hydraulic binders, such as cements, concretes or mortars, in order to improve their workability.
- hydraulic binders such as cements, concretes or mortars.
- the most efficient of these handling agents are today polymers of comb structure, having a backbone of (meth) acrylic nature on which are grafted monomers having hydrophilic functions of the alkoxy or hydroxy polyakylene glycol type. These polymers are hereinafter referred to as "hydrophilic (meth) acrylic comb polymers".
- the present invention which is based on the combination of these (meth) acrylic comb polymers having a monomer grafted with a hydrophilic function, with an associative acrylic thickener type ASE (soluble alkali emulsion), makes it possible to overcome this disadvantage advantageously. It is therefore possible to maintain the workability of an aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders, without segregation phenomenon or loss of mechanical properties and for periods longer than 3 hours.
- ASE soluble alkali emulsion
- the fluidizing effect plays against the mechanism of dispersion: the distribution of constituents is no longer homogeneous in the formulation, which negatively impacts its mechanical properties.
- the initial fluidifying power is so marked that it leads to segregation that is to say to a physical separation of the various constituents of the medium.
- This problem is reported in WO 2007/047407.
- the fluidifying agents of the prior art, and in particular the hydrophilic comb (meth) acrylic polymers one skilled in the art has been able to develop alternative solutions, so as to obtain a satisfactory initial fluidifying power and good maneuverability over time, without undesirable effects of loss of mechanical properties or segregation.
- the document WO 2007/047407 proposes the obvious solution of adding to the formulation a setting retarding agent, which is not without posing new problems: the agent constitutes as such a new additive to be added in the formulation, its dosage must be optimized according to the amount of plasticizer used, and the resulting handling is no longer stable beyond two hours.
- Hydrophilic comb (meth) acrylic according to the prior art and acrylic associative thickeners of the ASE type.
- ASE (Alkali Swellable Emulsion) thickeners are emulsion thickeners which are copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid with an ester of these acids.
- HASE Hydrophilic Swellable Emulsion
- HASE Hydrophilic Swellable Emulsion
- the mechanisms of action of these products differ.
- the polymers of the ASE type in the form of dispersions in the acidic state, become soluble only in the neutralized state. By neutralizing the medium, an ion repulsion mechanism is induced between the different carboxylate groups carried by the polymer chain. These ionized groups polarize a large quantity of water molecules, which causes the viscosity of the medium to increase.
- the HASE-type polymers involve interactions between their hydrophobic groups, which also contributes to thickening the medium.
- a first object of the invention is the use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders:
- this use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders is also characterized in that said comb copolymer a) and said acrylic polymer b) are introduced separately into said aqueous formulation.
- this use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders is also characterized in that said comb copolymer a) and said acrylic polymer b), are introduced in the form of a mixture.
- the mixture has a solids content of between 10% and 50% of its total weight.
- the mixture has a dry weight content of comb copolymer a) of between 5% and 95%, preferably between 10% and 90% of its total dry matter.
- m, n, p and q are integers and m, n, p are less than 150, q is greater than 0 and at least one of m, n and p is nonzero,
- R is a radical containing a polymerizable unsaturated functional group, preferably belonging to the vinyl group as well as to the group of acrylic, methacrylic and maleic esters, as well as to the group of unsaturated urethanes such as acrylurethane, methacrylurethane, ⁇ - ⁇ -dimethyl- isopropenylbenzylurethane, allylurethane, as well as the group of substituted or unsubstituted allylic or vinyl ethers, or else the group of ethylenically unsaturated amides or imides,
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups
- R ' represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, or an ionic or ionizable group such as a phosphate, a phosphonate, a sulphate, a sulphonate, a carboxylic acid, or an amine primary, secondary or tertiary, or a quaternary ammonium, or mixtures thereof,
- a3) from 0% to 50% of at least one monomer different from the monomers a1) and a2), and which is preferably an ester, an amide, an ether, a styrene monomer, a cationic monomer, a sulfonated monomer, a monomer phosphated, and which is very preferably ethyl acrylate.
- acrylic polymers b) of the ASE type consist of (meth) acrylic acid and an ester of these acids.
- the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) are obtained by radical polymerization in solution, in direct or inverse emulsion, in suspension or precipitation in solvents, in the presence of catalytic systems and agents. transfer or by controlled radical polymerization and preferably by controlled polymerization with nitroxides (NMP) or cobaloxymes, by radical atom transfer polymerization (ATRP), by controlled radical polymerization with sulfur derivatives, selected from carbamates , dithioesters or trithiocarbonates (RAFT) or xanthates.
- NMP nitroxides
- ATRP radical atom transfer polymerization
- sulfur derivatives selected from carbamates , dithioesters or trithiocarbonates (RAFT) or xanthates.
- This use is also characterized in that the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) are distilled, after polymerization.
- This use is also characterized in that the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) are separated into several phases, according to static or dynamic separation processes, with one or more polar solvents preferentially belonging to the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanols, acetone, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof
- This use is also characterized in that the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) are totally or partially neutralized by one or more neutralization agents having a monovalent or polyvalent cation, said agents being preferably chosen from ammonia or from hydroxides and / or oxides of calcium, of magnesium, or from hydroxides of sodium, potassium or lithium, or from primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic and / or cyclic amines, such as preferentially stearylamine, ethanolamines (mono-, di-, triethanolamine), mono and diethylamine, cyclohexylamine, methylcyclohexylamine, aminomethylpropanol, morpholine, and preferably in that the neutralizing agent is selected from triethanolamine and sodium hydroxide.
- neutralization agents having a monovalent or polyvalent cation
- This use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders is also characterized in that said formulation is a cement, a mortar, a concrete or a grout, and preferably a concrete.
- said aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders contains from 0.1% to 2%, preferentially from 0.2% to 1%, very preferably from 0.4% to 0.8% by dry weight of components a) and b) relative to the dry weight of hydraulic binder.
- Another subject of the invention consists of an aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders, containing as improving agent its handling: a) at least one (meth) acrylic comb copolymer having at least one side chain carrying at least one alkoxy hydrophilic group or hydroxy polyalkylene glycol,
- This formulation is also characterized in that said comb copolymer a) consists of, expressed as a percentage by weight of each of its monomers, the sum of these percentages being equal to 100%:
- m, n, p and q are integers and m, n, p are less than 150, q is greater than 0 and at least one of m, n and p is nonzero,
- R is a radical containing a polymerizable unsaturated functional group, preferably belonging to the vinyl group as well as to the group of acrylic, methacrylic and maleic esters, as well as to the group of unsaturated urethanes such as acrylurethane, methacrylurethane, ⁇ - ⁇ -dimethyl- isopropenylbenzylurethane, allylurethane, as well as the group of substituted or unsubstituted allylic or vinyl ethers, or else the group of ethylenically unsaturated amides or imides,
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups
- - R ' represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, or an ionic or ionizable group such as a phosphate, a phosphonate, a sulphate, a sulphonate, a carboxylic acid, or a primary amine, secondary or tertiary, or a quaternary ammonium, or mixtures thereof.
- a3) from 0% to 50% of at least one monomer different from the monomers a1) and a2), and which is preferably an ester, an amide, an ether, a styrene monomer, a cationic monomer, a sulfonated monomer, a monomer phosphated, and which is very preferably ethyl acrylate.
- This formulation is also characterized in that said acrylic polymers b) of the ASE type consist of (meth) acrylic acid and an ester of these acids, and (meth) acrylic acid, an ester of these acids .
- This formulation is also characterized in that the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) can be obtained by radical polymerization in solution, in direct or inverse emulsion, in suspension or precipitation in solvents, in the presence of catalytic systems and transfer agents, or by controlled radical polymerization and preferably by controlled polymerization with nitroxides (NMP) or by cobaloxymes, by radical atom transfer polymerization (ATRP), by sulfur-derived controlled radical polymerization, chosen from carbamates, dithioesters or trithiocarbonates (RAFT) or xanthates.
- NMP nitroxides
- ATRP radical atom transfer polymerization
- RAFT sulfur-derived controlled radical polymerization
- This formulation is also characterized in that the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) are distilled after polymerization.
- This formulation is also characterized in that the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) are separated into several phases, according to static or dynamic separation processes, with one or more polar solvents belonging to one or more polar solvents. preferentially to the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanols, acetone, tetrahydrofuran or their mixtures
- This formulation is also characterized in that the comb copolymer a) and the acrylic polymer b) are totally or partially neutralized by one or more neutralization agents having a monovalent or polyvalent cation, said agents being chosen preferentially from ammonia or among the hydroxides and / or oxides of calcium, of magnesium, or of the hydroxides of sodium, of potassium, of lithium, or of the primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic and / or cyclic amines and preferably stearylamine, ethanolamines (mono- , di-, triethanolamine), mono and diethylamine, cyclohexylamine, methylcyclohexylamine, amino methylpropanol, morpholine, and preferentially in that the neutralizing agent is selected from triethanolamine and sodium hydroxide .
- the neutralizing agent is selected from triethanolamine and sodium hydroxide .
- This formulation is also characterized in that it is a cement, a mortar, a concrete or a grout, and preferably a concrete.
- This formulation is also characterized in that it contains from 0.1% to 2%, preferably from 0.2% to 1%, very preferably from 0.4% to 0.8% by dry weight of components a) and b) relative to the dry weight of hydraulic binder.
- the molecular weight of the polymers used in the aqueous solutions a) are determined from a technique of a multi-detection steric exclusion chromatography (CES 3D) technique, as indicated in FIG. document FR 2 917 091.
- CES 3D multi-detection steric exclusion chromatography
- That of the polymers used in the aqueous solutions b) are determined from a technique of a size exclusion chromatography technique, as indicated in the document FR 2 907 347.
- the polymers used are obtained by polymerization techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
- the first step is to introduce 22 kg of 10/20 type aggregates and 25 kg of 0/4 type sand, mixed in a masonry type concrete mixer (volume of about 100 liters). for 30 seconds.
- the dry materials are mixed for 1 minute.
- the dotted curve with the square symbols is relative to the test 2 according to the prior art where the product is overdosed.
- the solid curve with the round symbols is relative to the test 3 according to the invention which implements two products introduced separately.
- the solid curve with the square symbols is relative to the test 4 according to the invention which implements two products introduced as a mixture.
- R 1 and R 2 denote the methyl group
- R 'de represents hydrogen
- This test illustrates the prior art and implements 0.1 kg of the same aqueous solution as that implemented during test 1. In this case, all of said solution is introduced at the beginning of the test. .
- the dose of product (hydrophilic comb polymer) used is equal to 0.62% by dry weight of copolymer relative to the dry weight of cement: this illustrates an "overdose" test as sometimes practiced in the prior art.
- Figure 2 which is a photo representing the composition at the initial time, once removed the cone of Abraham, it appears a very marked phenomenon of segregation, unacceptable to the skilled person.
- the aqueous solution is introduced initially, in the form of a mixture between solutions a) and b).
- hydrophilic comb copolymer a 0.66% by weight is used relative to the dry weight of cement.
- Tests 3 and 4 do not lead to any segregation phenomenon: they have overdosed the amount of hydrophilic comb copolymer a) used.
- R is the methacrylate function
- R 1 and R 2 denote the methyl group
- R 'de represents hydrogen
- hydrophilic comb copolymer a or 2.0% by dry weight of hydrophilic comb copolymer a) relative to the dry weight of cement.
- R 'de represents hydrogen
- hydrophilic comb copolymer a or 2.0% by dry weight of hydrophilic comb copolymer a) relative to the dry weight of cement.
- R 1 and R 2 denote the methyl group
- R 'de represents hydrogen
- hydrophilic comb copolymer a or 1.0% by dry weight of hydrophilic comb copolymer a) relative to the dry weight of cement.
- hydrophilic comb copolymer a or 1.0% by dry weight of hydrophilic comb copolymer a) relative to the dry weight of cement.
- This test illustrates the invention and uses 0.240 kg of an aqueous solution, containing: a) 90% by weight of the aqueous solution a) used in test No. 5,
- hydrophilic comb copolymer a 0% by dry weight of hydrophilic comb copolymer a) relative to the dry weight of cement.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011539114A JP5607644B2 (ja) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | 水硬性結合剤をベースとする水性配合物の取扱性を改善するための薬剤としての、(メタ)アクリル櫛形コポリマーおよび会合性アクリル系増粘剤の使用 |
CA2740641A CA2740641C (fr) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | Utilisation comme agent ameliorant la maniabilite d'une formulation aqueuse a base de liants hydrauliques, d'un copolymere (meth)acrylique peigne et d'un epaississant acrylique associatif |
EP09774719A EP2370485A1 (fr) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | Utilisation comme agent améliorant la maniabilité d'une formulation aqueuse à base de liants hydrauliques, d'un copolymère (méth)acrylique peigne et d'un épaississant acrylique associatif |
RU2011127994/03A RU2503632C2 (ru) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | Применение (мет)акрилового гребнеразветвленного сополимера в качестве добавки, улучшающей перерабатываемость водной рецептуры с гидравлической вяжущей основой и ассоциативным акриловым загустителем |
US13/126,021 US20110207856A1 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | Use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation with a hydraulic binder base, of a (meth)acrylic comb-branched copolymer and an associative acrylic thickener |
CN200980148526.1A CN102239193B (zh) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | (甲基)丙烯酸类梳形共聚物和缔合性丙烯酸类增稠剂作为改进基于水硬性粘结料的水性制品加工性的助剂的用途 |
BRPI0922138A BRPI0922138A2 (pt) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | utilização de pelo menos um copolímero (met) acrílico pente e de pelo menos um polímero acrílico e formulação aquosa à base de ligantes hidráulicos |
ZA2011/02634A ZA201102634B (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2011-04-08 | Use, as an agent for improving the handleability of an aqueous formulation based on hydraulic binders, of a (meth)acrylic comb copolymer and of an associative acrylic thickener |
US14/510,186 US9850374B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2014-10-09 | Use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation with a hydraulic binder base, of a (meth)acrylic comb-branched copolymer and an associative acrylic thickener |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0858346A FR2939428B1 (fr) | 2008-12-08 | 2008-12-08 | Utilisation comme agent ameliorant la maniabilite d'une formulation aqueuse a base de liants hydrauliques, d'un copolymere (meth) acrylique peigne et d'un epaississant acrylique associatif |
FR0858346 | 2008-12-08 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/126,021 A-371-Of-International US20110207856A1 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | Use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation with a hydraulic binder base, of a (meth)acrylic comb-branched copolymer and an associative acrylic thickener |
US14/510,186 Continuation US9850374B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2014-10-09 | Use as an agent improving the workability of an aqueous formulation with a hydraulic binder base, of a (meth)acrylic comb-branched copolymer and an associative acrylic thickener |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2010067155A1 true WO2010067155A1 (fr) | 2010-06-17 |
Family
ID=40809865
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2009/007589 WO2010067155A1 (fr) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-11-25 | Utilisation comme agent améliorant la maniabilité d'une formulation aqueuse à base de liants hydrauliques, d'un copolymère (méth)acrylique peigne et d'un épaississant acrylique associatif |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20110207856A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2370485A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5607644B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20110112323A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102239193B (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0922138A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2740641C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2939428B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2503632C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2010067155A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201102634B (fr) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN104428375A (zh) * | 2012-07-13 | 2015-03-18 | 可泰克斯公司 | 梳状聚合物用于制备包含碳酸钙并具有降低的温度敏感性的悬浮液的用途 |
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FR2973241B1 (fr) | 2011-03-28 | 2013-04-19 | Coatex Sas | Polymeres peignes pour les cheveux |
FR2974502B1 (fr) | 2011-04-26 | 2013-05-24 | Coatex Sas | Utilisation de copolymeres acryliques peignes comme agent developpeur de couleur dans des compositions cosmetiques. |
CN103554387A (zh) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-05 | 上海三瑞高分子材料有限公司 | 一种增稠剂共聚物及其制备方法和用途 |
US20170369371A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-12-28 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Derivatized polyimides and methods of making and using |
FR3030307B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-12-09 | Coatex Sas | Polymere multiphasique a titre d'agent epaississant et suspensif |
WO2017058802A1 (fr) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-04-06 | Terravia Holdings, Inc. | Huiles de triglycérides ayant des molécules de triglycérides asymétriques |
CN105542096B (zh) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-08-31 | 四川大学 | 一种具有高效减水功能的嵌段共聚物及其制备方法与应用 |
CN105669913B (zh) * | 2016-03-03 | 2018-03-13 | 江苏中铁奥莱特新材料股份有限公司 | 一种分子结构可控的星型聚羧酸系减水剂的制备方法 |
JP6966254B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-03 | 2021-11-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | ポリカルボン酸系共重合体と消泡剤とを含むセメント用添加剤、およびセメント組成物 |
JP6837824B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-16 | 2021-03-03 | 花王株式会社 | 水硬性組成物 |
JP7148170B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-03 | 2022-10-05 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | 水硬性組成物用添加剤及び水硬性組成物 |
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2008
- 2008-12-08 FR FR0858346A patent/FR2939428B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
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- 2009-11-25 CA CA2740641A patent/CA2740641C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-11-25 RU RU2011127994/03A patent/RU2503632C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-11-25 WO PCT/IB2009/007589 patent/WO2010067155A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-11-25 BR BRPI0922138A patent/BRPI0922138A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-25 CN CN200980148526.1A patent/CN102239193B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-11-25 JP JP2011539114A patent/JP5607644B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-11-25 US US13/126,021 patent/US20110207856A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-11-25 EP EP09774719A patent/EP2370485A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-11-25 KR KR1020117015644A patent/KR20110112323A/ko active IP Right Grant
-
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- 2011-04-08 ZA ZA2011/02634A patent/ZA201102634B/en unknown
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104428375A (zh) * | 2012-07-13 | 2015-03-18 | 可泰克斯公司 | 梳状聚合物用于制备包含碳酸钙并具有降低的温度敏感性的悬浮液的用途 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA201102634B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
RU2503632C2 (ru) | 2014-01-10 |
CN102239193A (zh) | 2011-11-09 |
JP5607644B2 (ja) | 2014-10-15 |
US20150051319A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
JP2012510949A (ja) | 2012-05-17 |
US20110207856A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
BRPI0922138A2 (pt) | 2016-01-05 |
FR2939428A1 (fr) | 2010-06-11 |
RU2011127994A (ru) | 2013-01-20 |
FR2939428B1 (fr) | 2010-11-19 |
EP2370485A1 (fr) | 2011-10-05 |
CN102239193B (zh) | 2014-01-29 |
CA2740641C (fr) | 2017-12-19 |
US9850374B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 |
CA2740641A1 (fr) | 2010-06-17 |
KR20110112323A (ko) | 2011-10-12 |
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