WO2010055946A1 - 処理装置 - Google Patents
処理装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010055946A1 WO2010055946A1 PCT/JP2009/069491 JP2009069491W WO2010055946A1 WO 2010055946 A1 WO2010055946 A1 WO 2010055946A1 JP 2009069491 W JP2009069491 W JP 2009069491W WO 2010055946 A1 WO2010055946 A1 WO 2010055946A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- processing container
- electromagnetic wave
- processing
- processing apparatus
- semiconductor substrate
- Prior art date
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 222
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67098—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H01L21/67115—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/268—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a batch-type processing apparatus that heats a semiconductor substrate by irradiating a semiconductor substrate such as a silicon substrate with electromagnetic waves such as microwaves and high-frequency waves to perform a predetermined process.
- a desired device is manufactured by repeatedly performing various heat treatments such as a film formation process, a pattern etching process, an oxidation diffusion process, a modification process, and an annealing process on a semiconductor substrate.
- various heat treatments such as a film formation process, a pattern etching process, an oxidation diffusion process, a modification process, and an annealing process on a semiconductor substrate.
- annealing is generally performed for the purpose of activating impurity atoms after ion implantation of impurity atoms into the channel layer.
- the annealing process is performed for a long time, the atomic structure is stabilized, but impurity atoms diffuse deeply in the film thickness direction and penetrate through the channel layer. Therefore, it is necessary to perform the annealing process in as short a time as possible. is there.
- the semiconductor substrate is heated to a high temperature at a high speed, and a low temperature at which diffusion does not occur after annealing.
- various different materials are disposed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate.
- Various different materials are distributed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the optical characteristics of the above-mentioned various materials with respect to the light used for the above-described annealing that is, visible light or ultraviolet light, for example, reflectivity, absorptance, transmittance, and the like vary depending on the material.
- the amount of energy absorbed depends on the type of material. Due to the difference in the optical characteristics described above, there are cases where the annealing treatment is almost impossible or uniform annealing treatment is not possible. In view of this, there has also been proposed a heating apparatus that heats a semiconductor substrate by dielectric heating or induction heating using microwaves having a wavelength longer than that of visible light or ultraviolet light, or electromagnetic waves such as high frequency (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-21420). JP 2002-280380 A, JP 2005-268624 A, JP 2007-258286 A).
- each processing apparatus described above is mainly a single-wafer processing apparatus that processes semiconductor substrates one by one, and there is a problem that throughput cannot be sufficiently improved.
- an electromagnetic wave of a millimeter wave with a wavelength of several millimeters to several tens of millimeters is applied, if the amount of electromagnetic wave that can be absorbed by the heated member in the processing container, that is, the load absorption capacity is small, the reflected wave from the processing container May cause damage to the electromagnetic wave source.
- the present invention can process a plurality of objects to be processed at a time, thereby improving the throughput and increasing the load absorption capacity in the processing container to suppress the generation of excessive reflected waves.
- a processing apparatus capable of
- a metal processing container having a predetermined length, and a loading / unloading port provided at one end of the processing container.
- a closing body capable of closing and opening the carry-in / out port, and a carry-in / out through the carry-in / in port into the processing container, holding a plurality of the objects to be processed at a predetermined interval and transmitting the electromagnetic wave Holding means made of a material; electromagnetic wave supply means for introducing electromagnetic waves into the processing container; gas introducing means for introducing necessary gas into the processing container; and exhaust means for exhausting the atmosphere in the processing container; Is provided.
- the present invention it is possible to process a plurality of objects to be processed at a time, thereby improving the throughput and increasing the load absorption capacity in the processing container to generate an excessive reflected wave. Can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to eliminate the necessity of providing an interlock function.
- the inner surface of the processing container can be mirror-finished.
- an electromagnetic wave inlet for introducing the electromagnetic wave into the processing container is formed in the partition wall forming the processing container, and the electromagnetic wave is transmitted through the electromagnetic wave inlet.
- a transmission plate made of a material is provided.
- the electromagnetic wave supply means includes an electromagnetic wave generation source that generates the electromagnetic wave, an incident antenna portion provided on the transmission plate, and a waveguide that communicates the electromagnetic wave generation source and the incident antenna portion. can do.
- the frequency of the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation source can be in the range of 10 MHz to 10 THz.
- the treatment container can be installed such that its length direction is along the direction of gravity.
- the processing container may be installed such that its length direction is along the horizontal direction.
- a loader chamber having loading / unloading means for loading / unloading the holding means into / from the processing container may be connected to the loading / unloading side of the processing container.
- the loader chamber may be in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere.
- the loader chamber may be configured to selectively realize a vacuum atmosphere and an atmospheric pressure atmosphere.
- an inner processing container made of a material that transmits the electromagnetic wave, accommodating the holding means inside, and having one end opened can be provided.
- the holding means in the electromagnetic wave transmissive inner processing container and covering the whole it is possible not only to suppress heat dissipation by convection and radiation, but also to suppress metal contamination from the outside. .
- the processing apparatus may further include an inner closing body for closing and opening an opening provided in the inner processing container in order to carry the holding means in and out of the inner processing container, and the inner closing body is made of a metal processing container. It can be provided integrally with a closing body for closing and opening the loading / unloading port.
- the object to be processed is, for example, a semiconductor substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a processing apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate boat as holding means.
- the processing apparatus 2 of the first embodiment has a metal processing container 4 having a predetermined length.
- the processing container 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape having a square cross section.
- the processing container 4 is arranged as a so-called vertically-long processing container 4 so that its length direction is along the direction of gravity.
- stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or the like can be used as the metal constituting the processing container 4.
- the inner surface of the processing container 4 is mirror-finished so that the object to be processed can be efficiently heated by multiple reflection of the introduced electromagnetic wave.
- the lower end which is one end of the partition wall that partitions the processing container 4, is opened to serve as a carry-in / out entrance 6. Further, an upper end (ceiling part) that is the other end of the partition wall that partitions the processing container 4 is also opened to form an electromagnetic wave introduction port 8.
- the electromagnetic wave introduction port 8 is provided with a transmission plate 12 through a seal member 10 such as an O-ring.
- the transmission plate 12 can be formed of a material that transmits electromagnetic waves, for example, a ceramic material such as quartz or aluminum nitride.
- the thickness of the transmission plate 12 is set to a thickness that can withstand the pressure in the processing container 4 during the heat treatment. When the atmosphere in the processing container 4 is evacuated, the thickness of the transmission plate 12 is set. Is set to about 10 mm, for example.
- An electromagnetic wave supply means 14 for introducing an electromagnetic wave into the processing container 4 is provided outside the transmission plate 12.
- the electromagnetic wave supply means 14 includes an electromagnetic wave generation source 16 that generates an electromagnetic wave, an incident antenna unit 18 provided on the outer side of the transmission plate 12, that is, the upper surface side, and the electromagnetic wave generation source 16 and the incident antenna unit 18. And a waveguide 20 that communicates and guides the electromagnetic wave toward the incident antenna unit 18.
- the frequency of the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation source 16 can be in the range of 10 MHz to 10 THz, for example.
- an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of preferably 100 MHz or more, more preferably 1 GHz or more can be used.
- the electromagnetic wave generation source 16 a magnetron, a klystron, a traveling wave tube, a gyrotron, or the like can be used.
- a gyrotron is provided as the electromagnetic wave generation source 16, and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave generated by this gyrotron is 28 GHz.
- the gyrotron can generate electromagnetic waves having other frequencies such as 82.9 GHz, 110 GHz, 168 GHz, and 874 GHz.
- the waveguide 20 is formed of, for example, a cylindrical or rectangular waveguide, a corrugated waveguide, or the like.
- the incident antenna unit 18 is provided with a plurality of specular reflection lenses or reflection mirrors (not shown) so that electromagnetic waves can be introduced into the processing container 4.
- the processing container 4 is provided with gas introduction means 22 for introducing necessary gas into the processing container 4.
- gas inlets 24 are respectively provided on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the processing container 4, and branch ends of gas passages 26 are connected to the gas inlets 24, respectively.
- An on-off valve 28 and a flow rate controller 30 such as a mass flow controller are provided in the middle of the gas passage 26 so that a gas necessary for heat treatment can be supplied while controlling the flow rate.
- gases may be used as the gas necessary for the heat treatment.
- an inert gas such as N 2 gas or a rare gas such as Ar may be introduced as the purge gas.
- the number of gas inlets 24 is not limited to two. Further, a gas nozzle made of quartz or the like may be used in place of the gas inlet 24 having the form as shown in the figure.
- the processing vessel 4 is provided with exhaust means 32 for exhausting the atmosphere inside.
- an exhaust port 34 is provided in the central portion of the container side wall facing the gas introduction port 24 in the height direction, and an exhaust gas constituting a part of the exhaust means 32 is provided in the exhaust port 34.
- a passage 36 is connected.
- a pressure control valve 38 made of a butterfly valve and an exhaust pump 40 are sequentially provided downstream so that the atmosphere in the processing container 4 can be exhausted.
- the processing in the processing container 4 may be performed in a vacuum atmosphere, or may be performed in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere (including a pressure close to atmospheric pressure).
- a combination of a turbo molecular pump and a dry pump that can obtain a high degree of vacuum can be used as the exhaust pump 40.
- a processing object holder that is, holding means 42 that holds a plurality of semiconductor substrates W as processing objects at predetermined intervals is detachably provided.
- the entire holding means 42 is formed of a material that transmits electromagnetic waves introduced into the processing container 4, for example, quartz.
- the holding means 42 includes four top plates 44 and bottom plates 46 made of quartz, and four pieces that connect the top plates 44 and the bottom plates 46. Quartz supports 48A, 48B, 48C, and 48D.
- Engagement grooves 50 are formed at predetermined pitches in the respective columns 48A to 48D.
- the four struts 48A to 48D are arranged in a substantially semicircular arc region of the semiconductor substrate W at a predetermined interval so that the semiconductor substrate W can be taken in and out from the horizontal direction with respect to the holding means 42 using a transfer arm (not shown).
- the semiconductor substrate W has a thin disk shape with a diameter of about 300 mm, for example, and the holding means 42 can support about 10 to 150 semiconductor substrates W at a predetermined pitch.
- the diameter of the semiconductor substrate W is not limited to 300 mm, and other diameters such as 200 mm and 450 mm may be used.
- the inner surface of the lid 52 (the surface facing the internal space of the processing container 4) is mirror-finished to reflect the electromagnetic waves introduced into the processing container 4.
- a rotating shaft 58 passes through the center of the lid 52 through a magnetic fluid seal 56 in an airtight manner.
- a mounting table 60 is provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft 58, and the holding means 42 is mounted on and supported by the upper surface of the mounting table 60.
- loading / unloading means 62 for loading or unloading the holding means 42 to / from the processing container 4 is provided below the processing container 4.
- an elevator 64 using a ball screw 64A is provided as the carrying-in / out means 62.
- a lower end of a rotary shaft 58 is rotatably supported and a rotary motor 66 is attached to the tip of a lift arm 64C provided on the lift nut 64B of the ball screw 64A.
- the rotary motor 66 is rotated by the rotary motor 66 during processing.
- the holding means 42 supported on the mounting table 60 can be rotated at a predetermined speed. Therefore, the semiconductor substrate W can be loaded and unloaded with respect to the processing container 4 by moving the lid 52 and the holding means 42 integrally in the vertical direction by driving the elevator 64 and moving the lifting arm 64C up and down. It is like that. Note that the semiconductor substrate W can be processed without rotating the holding means 42. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the rotary motor 66 and the magnetic fluid seal 56 described above.
- the semiconductor substrate W carried into the processing container 4 or the semiconductor substrate W carried out from the processing container 4 is temporarily put on standby at the loading / unloading entrance 6 side of the processing container 4, that is, below the processing container 4 here.
- a loader chamber 68 is connected.
- the loader chamber 68 is formed in a box shape by a partition wall 70 made of, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, or aluminum alloy.
- the elevator 64 described above is installed in the loader chamber 68.
- the entire processing container 4 is supported by a ceiling plate 70 ⁇ / b> A that partitions the loader chamber 68.
- the upper and lower ends of the screw shaft of the ball screw 64A are supported on the ceiling plate 70A and the bottom plate 70B that define the loader chamber 68, respectively.
- a transfer port 72 having a length substantially the same as the length of the holding means 42 is formed in the side plate 70C that partitions the loader chamber 68.
- the transfer port 72 is provided with a door 74 that can be opened and closed air-tightly through a seal member 76 such as an O-ring.
- the semiconductor substrate W can be transferred to the holding means 42 by a transfer arm (not shown) provided outside the loader chamber 68 with the door 74 opened.
- a gas inlet 78 is provided in the partition wall 70, and a gas passage 82 having an open / close valve 80 is connected to the gas inlet 78, and an inert gas or a clean gas is provided in the loader chamber 68 as necessary. Air can be introduced.
- the inert gas a rare gas such as Ar or N 2 gas can be used.
- the partition wall 70 is further provided with a gas outlet 84, and an exhaust passage 86 is connected to the gas outlet 84.
- An on-off valve 88 and an exhaust unit 90 are sequentially provided in the exhaust passage 86 so that the atmosphere in the loader chamber 68 can be exhausted.
- an exhaust fan may be used as the exhaust unit 90.
- a vacuum pump such as a dry pump is used as the exhaust unit 90.
- the overall operation of the processing apparatus 2 configured as described above is controlled by an apparatus control unit 92 made of, for example, a computer.
- a computer program for performing the control operation is stored in a storage medium 94 such as a flexible disk, a CD (Compact Disc), a hard disk, a flash memory, or a DVD.
- gas supply start, stop, flow rate control, electromagnetic wave power control, process temperature and process pressure control, and the like are performed according to commands from the apparatus control unit 92.
- the elevator 64 which is the loading / unloading means 62 provided in the loader chamber 68, is driven to lower the elevating arm 64C to unload the holding means 42 from within the processing container 4, and this holding means 42 is shown in FIG. 1 is located in the loader chamber 68 as indicated by a dashed line in FIG.
- the loader chamber 68 is preliminarily made into a predetermined atmosphere, for example, an atmospheric pressure atmosphere, with a rare gas such as Ar gas, an inert gas such as N 2 gas, or clean air.
- the door 74 that closes the transfer port 72 of the loader chamber 68 is opened. Then, by using a transfer arm (not shown) provided outside the transfer port 72, the support arm is bent and stretched and moved in the vertical direction, whereby each support column of the holding means 42 unloaded on the unprocessed semiconductor substrate W is supported. It is supported by the engaging grooves 50A to 48D and transferred (see FIG. 2), and a predetermined number of semiconductor substrates W are supported by the holding means. As this semiconductor substrate W, for example, a disk-shaped silicon substrate can be used. In this way, when the transfer of the semiconductor substrate W is completed, the door 74 is closed and the loader chamber 68 is sealed.
- the lifting arm 64C is gradually raised, and the holding means 42 holding the semiconductor substrate W is introduced into the processing container 4 from the carry-in / out port 6 at the lower end of the processing container 4.
- the semiconductor substrate W is loaded.
- the carry-in / out port 6 at the lower end of the processing container 4 is closed airtight by the lid 52.
- the semiconductor substrate W is then subjected to a predetermined process.
- a predetermined process for example, a case where the annealing process is performed in a vacuum atmosphere as the predetermined process will be described as an example.
- the inside of the processing container 4 is evacuated by the evacuation means 32 provided in the processing container 4 to form a reduced pressure atmosphere, and the inert gas such as Ar gas or N 2 gas is inerted from the gas introduction means 22 into the processing container 4.
- the gas is introduced while controlling the flow rate, and the inside of the processing vessel 4 is maintained at a predetermined process pressure by the pressure control valve 38.
- the holding means 42 holding the semiconductor substrate W is rotated. Note that the processing may be performed while the holding means 42 is fixed without being rotated.
- an electromagnetic wave of 28 GHz is generated from the electromagnetic wave generation source 16 by operating the electromagnetic wave supply means 14 in a state where the inside of the processing container 4 is maintained at a predetermined process pressure in a vacuum atmosphere.
- the generated electromagnetic wave is guided in the waveguide 20 and reaches the incident antenna portion 18 provided at the upper end of the processing container 4.
- the electromagnetic wave radiated from the electromagnetic wave is transmitted through the transmission plate 12 made of quartz and processed. 4 is introduced from the ceiling side.
- This electromagnetic wave is reflected multiple times between the semiconductor substrates W held in multiple stages by the holding means 42, a part of which is absorbed by the semiconductor substrate W, and the surface temperature of each semiconductor substrate W is rapidly heated by electromagnetic wave heating. To do.
- the introduced electromagnetic waves can be efficiently reflected.
- the electromagnetic waves are transmitted from the ceiling of the processing container 4.
- the electromagnetic wave can be propagated uniformly over the entire area in the processing container 4 in combination with the multiple reflection between the semiconductor substrates W. Therefore, the semiconductor substrate can be annealed by uniformly and rapidly raising the surface of each semiconductor substrate W both within and between the surfaces. Accordingly, the processing throughput of the semiconductor substrate W can be significantly improved.
- the heating rate of the semiconductor substrate W is, for example, about 100 ° C./sec in a state where, for example, 12 semiconductor wafers having a diameter of 300 mm are accommodated as the semiconductor substrate W.
- the output of the electromagnetic wave generation source 16 is, for example, about 100 kW, but this output is not particularly limited.
- the load absorption capacity in the processing container 4 is increased correspondingly, and generation of excessive reflected waves of electromagnetic waves is suppressed. be able to. As a result, it is not necessary to provide the electromagnetic wave supply means 14 with an interlock function for excessive reflected waves, and the apparatus cost can be reduced accordingly.
- the electromagnetic wave is reflected on the inner surface of the processing container 4 and the temperature of the processing container 4 itself hardly increases, and the energy of the electromagnetic wave can be input only to the semiconductor substrate W. Efficiency can also be increased. Furthermore, since the holding means 42 that supports the semiconductor substrate W is formed of a material that transmits electromagnetic waves, for example, quartz, there is no energy absorption in this portion, so that the energy efficiency can be further increased.
- the driving of the electromagnetic wave supply means 14 is stopped to stop the generation of the electromagnetic wave, and the inert gas is introduced into the processing container 4 to introduce the inside of the processing container 4.
- the inert gas is introduced into the processing container 4 to introduce the inside of the processing container 4.
- the pressure in the processing container 4 returns to about atmospheric pressure
- the loading / unloading means 62 in the loader chamber 68 is driven to move the elevator arm 64C of the elevator 64 downward, thereby moving the inside of the processing container 4
- the holding means 42 is lowered, and the processed semiconductor substrate W is unloaded into the loader chamber 68 maintained in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere.
- the door 74 is opened, and a plurality of processed semiconductor substrates W are unloaded from the holding means 42 using a transfer arm (not shown) and transferred. Then, a plurality of unprocessed semiconductor substrates W are transferred to the vacant holding means 42, and a series of operations as described above are performed again.
- the present invention it is possible to process a plurality of objects to be processed, that is, the semiconductor substrate W at a time, thereby improving throughput and absorbing load in the processing container 4. Since the generation of excessive reflected waves can be suppressed by increasing the capacity, it is not necessary to provide an interlock function for the reflected waves.
- the load lock function may be provided so that the atmosphere in the loader chamber 68 can be switched between a vacuum atmosphere and an atmospheric pressure atmosphere.
- a gate valve is provided at the lower end opening of the processing container 4 so that the opening can be airtightly closed and opened, and the lid 52 is airtightly joined to and detached from the lower surface side of the opened gate valve. You can do it.
- the gate valve is closed and the processing container 4 is closed.
- the atmosphere in the loader chamber 68 is evacuated to a vacuum atmosphere before opening the gate valve, and the semiconductor is opened by opening the gate valve.
- the holding means 42 on which the substrate W is placed is lifted and loaded, the loading / unloading port 6 at the lower end of the processing container 4 is hermetically closed with the lid 52. Then, the annealing process is performed while the gate valve is kept open.
- the inside of the loader chamber 68 is previously set in a vacuum atmosphere, and in this state, the holding means 42 on which the semiconductor substrate W is placed is lowered to process the processing container 4.
- the gate valve is closed and the vacuum state in the processing container 4 is maintained.
- the door 74 is opened, and the semiconductor substrate W is transferred to the holding means 42 as described above.
- a vacuum pump is used as the exhaust unit 90 that exhausts the atmosphere in the loader chamber 68.
- the annealing process is performed in a vacuum atmosphere, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be performed in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere (including an atmosphere close to atmospheric pressure).
- the loader chamber 68 is always maintained in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere, and an exhaust fan is used as the exhaust unit 90.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the absorbed energy density index in electromagnetic wave heating, with the horizontal axis representing frequency and the vertical axis representing absorbed energy density index (f ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ tan ⁇ ).
- f is the frequency of the electromagnetic wave
- ⁇ is the relative dielectric constant of the semiconductor substrate
- tan ⁇ is the dielectric loss tangent of the semiconductor substrate.
- Si + indicates a resistivity of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ cm
- Si ⁇ indicates a resistivity of 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 6 ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ cm.
- the frequency of the electromagnetic wave should be set to 10 MHz or higher, preferably 100 MHz or higher, more preferably 1 GHz or higher to be saturated.
- the upper limit of the frequency in this case is about 10 THz, More preferably, it is about 100 GHz. If the frequency of the electromagnetic wave exceeds 10 THz, the penetration depth of the electromagnetic wave becomes considerably shallower than the thickness of the substrate, and reflection of the electromagnetic wave starts on the substrate surface, which reduces heating efficiency.
- the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is preferably set to 10 MHz or more, and preferably 10 GHz or more.
- the upper limit of the frequency in the case of Si ⁇ is about 10 THz, preferably about 100 GHz, as in the case of Si + .
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a part of a second embodiment of the processing apparatus according to the present invention.
- the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- an electromagnetic wave introduction port 8 and a transmission plate 12 are provided at substantially the center in the height direction of the side wall of the processing container 4.
- An electromagnetic wave supply means 14 having an incident antenna portion 18 and the like is provided outside the transmission plate 12. Also in the second embodiment, the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment described above are achieved.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the uniformity of the in-plane temperature of the semiconductor substrate
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the uniformity of the inter-surface temperature of the semiconductor substrate.
- TC thermocouple
- thermocouples are provided at each of the four points on the periphery of the semiconductor substrate and one point at the center.
- FIG. 6 five semiconductor substrates (wafers) are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and a thermocouple is provided at the center of each of the three inner wafers. The measured temperature of each thermocouple is described as TC channel (ch).
- a silicon substrate having a diameter of 200 mm was used as the semiconductor substrate W, and an electromagnetic wave of 28 GHz was applied.
- the input power of the electromagnetic wave is 2 kW in the case of FIG. 5 and 2 kW in the case of FIG.
- a total of two semiconductor substrates are heated, and in the case of FIG. 6, a total of five semiconductor substrates are heated.
- the process pressure in the processing container 4 was set to atmospheric pressure. Also in the case of FIG. 6, the process pressure in the processing container 4 was set to atmospheric pressure.
- the electromagnetic wave was applied for approximately 700 seconds, and the temperature of each part of the semiconductor substrate at that time was measured.
- the temperature of each part reaches about 500 degrees after about 200 seconds from the start of application of electromagnetic waves, and then the temperature of each part does not increase so much even if the electromagnetic waves are continuously applied for about 400 seconds. It is within the range of about 550 ° C. That is, since the in-plane temperature of the semiconductor substrate is within a narrow range of about 525 to 550 ° C., it was confirmed that the uniformity of the in-plane temperature can be maintained relatively high.
- the above-mentioned electromagnetic wave was applied for approximately 600 seconds, and the temperature at the center of each of the three semiconductor substrates at that time was measured.
- the temperature of each semiconductor substrate is heated to about 650 ° C. at substantially the same temperature without causing a significant temperature difference, and the temperature difference between the semiconductor substrates is only 20 ° C. at a maximum when the temperature is higher than 600 ° C. Degree. Therefore, it was confirmed that the uniformity of the inter-surface temperature of the semiconductor substrate can be maintained relatively high.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the processing apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the holding means. Note that the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the metal processing vessel 4 is a horizontal type in which the length direction is set along the horizontal direction.
- An electromagnetic wave introduction port 8 is provided at a substantially central portion in the length direction of the upper portion (upper side of the peripheral wall) of the processing container 4, and the electromagnetic wave introduction port 8 is airtightly closed by the transmission plate 12. Further, an electromagnetic wave supply means 14 having an incident antenna portion 18 and the like is provided outside the transmission plate 12.
- gas introduction ports 24 are respectively provided at both ends in the length direction of the processing container 4, and the gas passages 26 of the gas introduction means 22 are connected to the gas introduction ports 24.
- the gas can be supplied into the processing container 4.
- An exhaust port 34 is provided at one end in the length direction of the processing container 4, and an exhaust passage 36 of the exhaust means 32 is connected to the exhaust port 34.
- the inside of the processing container 4 can be set to a vacuum atmosphere or an atmospheric pressure atmosphere according to the process pressure at the time of processing.
- a quartz holding means 42 for holding a semiconductor substrate W as an object to be processed is accommodated in the processing container 4 along the horizontal direction, and the top plate 44 and the bottom plate 46 in FIG. 44A and 46A, and four columns 48A to 48D are spanned between both end plates 44A and 46A as shown in FIG.
- the holding means 42 supports the peripheral portion of each semiconductor substrate W in a state where the semiconductor substrate W is upright by the engagement grooves 50 formed at a predetermined pitch in each of the support columns 48A to 48D.
- the structure of the holding means 42 is merely an example, and is not limited to this structure.
- the entire holding means 42 is installed on the base 100.
- the base 100 is provided with a slider 106 as the loading / unloading means 62, and the base 100 can be slid along the bottom of the processing container 4 as will be described later.
- a carry-in / out port 6 is provided at the other end in the length direction of the processing container 4.
- a gate valve 102 as a closing body that plays the same role as the lid 52 of the first embodiment described above is attached to the carry-in / out port 6, so that the carry-in / out port 6 can be hermetically closed and opened. Yes.
- a cylindrical partition wall 70 that partitions the loader chamber 68 is connected to the gate valve 102.
- An outer gate valve 104 is provided as a door at the end of the loader chamber 68 opposite to the gate valve 102.
- the gate valve 104 When the gate valve 104 is opened, the loader chamber 68 can be opened to the atmosphere.
- the base 100 having the slider 106 can be reciprocated between the processing container 4 and the loader chamber 68 by a driving mechanism (not shown). Further, when the outer gate valve 104 is opened, the loader chamber 68 is opened. It can be slid to the outside.
- a gas inlet 78 is provided in the upper part (ceiling part) of the partition wall 70 that partitions the loader chamber 68.
- a gas passage 82 having an on-off valve 80 provided in the middle is connected to the gas inlet 78 so that an inert gas or the like can be supplied into the loader chamber 68.
- a gas outlet 84 is provided at the bottom of the partition wall 70.
- An exhaust passage 86 having an on-off valve 88 and an exhaust unit 90 interposed therebetween is connected to the gas outlet 84 so that the atmosphere in the loader chamber 68 can be exhausted.
- a blower fan may be used as the exhaust unit 90, and the loader chamber 68 has a vacuum atmosphere and a large atmosphere.
- a vacuum pump may be used as the exhaust unit 90.
- the operation of the third embodiment configured as described above is basically the same as that of the first and second embodiments, and exhibits the same effect as that of the first and second embodiments. Can do. Specifically, when the unprocessed semiconductor substrate W is transferred to the holding means 42 and when the processed semiconductor substrate W is transferred from the holding means 42, the outer gate valve that seals the loader chamber 68 is used. 104 is opened, and the base 100 on which the holding means 42 is placed is slid to the outside of the loader chamber 68 (right side in FIG. 7) through the gate valve 104 in the opened state. In this state, the transfer work for the holding means 42 is performed using a transfer arm (not shown).
- the base 100 on which the holding means 42 on which the unprocessed semiconductor substrate W is supported is first slid into the loader chamber 68 and the outer gate is placed. By closing the valve 104, the loader chamber 68 is sealed.
- the gate valve 102 that shuts off the loader chamber 68 and the processing container 4 is opened without adjusting the pressure. Then, the base 100 is further slid into the processing container 4. Then, after the gate valve 102 is closed and the inside of the processing container 4 is hermetically sealed, as described above, annealing using an electromagnetic wave or the like is performed in an atmospheric pressure atmosphere.
- the process pressure at the time of processing in the processing container 4 is a vacuum atmosphere
- the pressure in the loader chamber 68 is reduced from the atmospheric pressure atmosphere to the vacuum atmosphere, and the processing container that has been previously in a vacuum atmosphere. 4 is set to approximately the same pressure.
- the gate valve 102 for blocking both is opened, and the base 100 in the loader chamber 68 is further moved into the processing container 4. Move the slide. Then, after the gate valve 102 is closed and the inside of the processing container 4 is hermetically sealed, as described above, annealing using an electromagnetic wave or the like is performed in a vacuum atmosphere.
- the base 100 holding the processed semiconductor substrate W is maintained in a vacuum state after opening the gate valve 102 through a procedure reverse to that described above.
- the gate valve 102 is closed by sliding to the loader chamber 68 side.
- the outer gate valve 104 is opened as described above, and the base 100 is slid outside the loader chamber 68 for transfer.
- the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments are achieved.
- the process pressure is a vacuum atmosphere
- the pressure in the processing container 4 is always maintained in a vacuum atmosphere and the load lock chamber 68 is provided with a load lock function.
- the inside of the loader chamber 68 is always maintained at atmospheric pressure, and when the semiconductor substrate W is loaded to and unloaded from the processing vessel 4, the inside of the processing vessel 4 is returned to the atmospheric pressure atmosphere, During the process, the inside of the processing container 4 may be evacuated to perform the processing in a vacuum atmosphere.
- the semiconductor substrate is accommodated in the processing container 4 in a state where it is directly exposed.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- an inner processing container surrounding the semiconductor substrate may be provided in the processing container 4 (double tube structure).
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a part of the fourth embodiment of the processing apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a part of the inner opening / closing lid of the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the inner processing container 110 is provided in the processing container 4. When viewed in a horizontal section, the side peripheral wall of the processing vessel 4 and the side peripheral wall of the inner processing vessel 110 are arranged concentrically.
- the inner processing container 110 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a ceiling, and one end thereof (the lower end in the illustrated example) is opened.
- the entire inner processing container 110 is made of the same material as the transmission plate 12 made of a material that transmits electromagnetic waves, such as quartz.
- a support base 112 formed in, for example, a circular ring shape is fixed to the lower side wall of the processing container 4.
- the lower end portion of the cylindrical inner processing container 110 is brought into contact with the support base 112 to perform the inner processing.
- the entire container 110 is supported.
- the support table 112 is made of the same metal as the processing container 4 and is fixed to the inner wall of the processing container 4 by welding or the like.
- the circular ring-shaped support table 112 is formed with a plurality of ventilation holes 114 penetrating through the support table 112 in the vertical direction, and the space below the support table 112 and the space between the processing container 4 and the inner processing container 110. It communicates with the space.
- the holding means 42 is raised, the holding means 42 is accommodated in the inner processing container 110 and is surrounded by the inner processing container 110.
- the gas introduction ports 24 are provided at both ends in the length direction of the processing container 4, and the gas passages 26 are connected to these gas introduction ports 24.
- the gas can be supplied into the processing container 4.
- the mounting position of the gas inlet 24 located below the two gas inlets 24 is set below the support 112. Preferably it is located.
- an inner lid 116 as a closing body for closing the opening at the lower end of the inner processing container 110 is provided integrally with the lid 52.
- a hollow cylindrical connecting shaft 118 is fixed to the center of the upper surface of the lid 52, and a disk-shaped inner lid 116 is fixed to the upper end portion of the connecting shaft 118.
- the rotating shaft 58 is inserted into the hollow cylindrical connecting shaft 118, and the rotating shaft 58 is rotatably supported by the connecting shaft 118 by a magnetic fluid seal 56. The rotation of the rotary shaft 58 is allowed while maintaining the airtightness inside.
- the opening at the lower end of the inner processing container 110 becomes the inner lid. 116 is closed. That is, the entire semiconductor substrate W is covered with the inner processing chamber 110 in a sealed state.
- an electromagnetic wave is applied in this state, the electromagnetic wave passes through the transmission plate 12 and the inner processing container 110 to reach the internal semiconductor substrate W, and heat treatment is performed by heating the semiconductor substrate W as described above.
- the semiconductor substrate W is covered with the inner processing container 110 made of quartz or the like, there is a risk that metal contamination may occur from the metal processing container 4 located outside the semiconductor substrate W. However, it is possible to reliably prevent this metal contamination from occurring.
- the inner processing container 110 prevents convection of gas between the inner and outer sides of the inner processing container 110 and can suppress heat transfer due to convection, thereby greatly improving heating efficiency. It becomes possible. In particular, when the above heat treatment is performed at or near atmospheric pressure, the effect of suppressing heat transfer by convection can be greatly increased.
- the inner processing container 110 of the fourth embodiment is applied to the first embodiment has been described as an example, but the inner processing container 110 of the fourth embodiment is similar to the second and third embodiments. Can also be applied.
- the semiconductor substrate is a silicon substrate.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a compound semiconductor substrate can be used.
- this compound semiconductor substrate one substrate selected from the group consisting of GaAs, InGaAs, Al 2 O 3 , SiC, GaN, AlN, and ZnO can be used.
- the treatment for the semiconductor substrate is an annealing treatment.
- the treatment is not limited to this, and various heat treatments such as a film formation treatment, a thermal diffusion treatment, and a modification treatment can be performed.
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Abstract
Description
この場合、アニール処理を長時間行うと原子構造は安定化するが、不純物原子が膜厚方向へ奥深くまで拡散してチャネル層の下方へ突き抜けてしまうので、アニール処理は極力短時間で行う必要がある。すなわち、薄いチャネル層に対して突き抜けを生じさせることなく原子構造を安定化させるためには、半導体基板を高温まで高速で昇温し、かつアニール処理後にあっては拡散が生じないような低い温度まで高速で降温させることが必要となる。特に最近のトランジスタ素子にあっては、チャネル層にソース・ドレインエクステンション等の非常に微細な領域を設けた構造が提案されている。これらの微細領域の電気特性を保持するためにも、高速の昇降温により不純物原子を拡散させることなく活性化させることが望まれている。
図1は本発明に係る処理装置の第1実施形態を示す断面構成図、図2は保持手段である基板ボートを示す断面図である。
次に、半導体基板に対して有効な電磁波周波数を確認するための実験結果について説明する。図3は電磁波加熱における吸収エネルギー密度指数の周波数特性を示すグラフであり、横軸に周波数をとり、縦軸に吸収エネルギー密度指数(f・ε・tanδ)をとっている。ここでは「f」は電磁波の周波数、「ε」は半導体基板の比誘電率、「tanδ」は半導体基板の誘電正接である。実験では、半導体基板としてシリコン基板を用い、不純物のドープ量を変えて、2種類の抵抗率のシリコン基板について調べた。グラフ中の「Si+」は0.1~100Ωcmの抵抗率を示し、「Si-」は1×104 ~6×104 Ωcmの抵抗率を示している。
図1に示す第1実施形態の場合には、縦型の処理容器4の上端部(天井部)に、電磁波導入口8及び透過板12を設けたが、これに限定されず、図4に示すように構成してもよい。図4は本発明に係る処理装置の第2実施形態の一部を示す断面構成図である。尚、図1及び図2に示す構成部分と同一構成部分については同一参照符号を付して、重複説明を省略する。
ここで上記第1及び第2実施形態における半導体基板の熱処理の面内温度の均一性と面間温度の均一性を調査するために行った実験の結果について説明する。図5は半導体基板の面内温度の均一性を示すグラフであり、図6は半導体基板の面間温度の均一性を示すグラフである。半導体基板の温度の測定には、熱電対(TC)を用いており、測定箇所について各図中にそれぞれ模式的に示している。図5の場合には、半導体基板の周辺部の4点と中心の1点とにそれぞれ熱電対を設けている。図6の場合には、5枚の半導体基板(ウエハ)を上下方向に間隔を空けて並べ、その内の内側の3枚のウエハの各々の中心部に熱電対をそれぞれ設けている。各熱電対の測定温度はTCチャネル(ch)として記載されている。
次に本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。先の第1及び第2実施形態においては、処理容器4の長さ方向を重力方向に沿うように設置したが、これに限定されず、処理容器4の長さ方向を水平方向に沿って設置して横型の処理装置としてもよい。図7はこのような本発明に係る処理装置の第3実施形態を示す構成図、図8は保持手段を示す断面図である。尚、図1乃至図4に示す構成部分と同一構成部分については、同一参照符号を付して、重複説明を省略する。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態について説明する。先の第1~第3実施形態においては、処理容器4内には直接的に半導体基板が晒された状態で収容されるように構成したが、これに限定されず、処理容器4からの金属汚染等を防止するために、処理容器4内に半導体基板を囲む内側処理容器を設けてもよい(2重管構造)。
本実施形態においても、他の実施形態と同様に、処理容器4の長さ方向の両端側にガス導入口24がそれぞれ設けられるとともにこれらのガス導入口24にガス通路26が接続され、必要なガスを処理容器4内に供給できるようになっている。この場合、内側処理容器110内にガスを迅速に供給するためには、2つあるガス導入口24の内の下側に位置するガス導入口24の取り付け位置を、上記支持台112の下方に位置させるのが好ましい。
Claims (13)
- 被処理体に対して電磁波を用いて熱処理を施すようにした処理装置において、
所定の長さを有する金属製の処理容器と、
前記処理容器の一端に設けられた搬出入口と、
前記搬出入口を閉鎖および開放可能な閉鎖体と、
前記搬出入口より前記処理容器内へ搬出入され、複数枚の前記被処理体を所定の間隔を隔てて保持すると共に前記電磁波を透過する材料よりなる保持手段と、
前記処理容器内へ電磁波を導入する電磁波供給手段と、
前記処理容器内へ必要なガスを導入するガス導入手段と、
前記処理容器内の雰囲気を排気する排気手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする処理装置。 - 前記処理容器を形成する区画壁には、前記電磁波を前記処理容器内に導入するための電磁波導入口が形成されると共に、前記電磁波導入口には前記電磁波を透過する材料よりなる透過板が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の処理装置。
- 前記電磁波供給手段は、前記電磁波を発生する電磁波発生源と、前記透過板に設けられた入射アンテナ部と、前記電磁波発生源と前記入射アンテナ部とを連絡する導波路と、を有することを特徴とする請求項2記載の処理装置。
- 前記電磁波発生源が発生する電磁波の周波数は、10MHz~10THzの範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の処理装置。
- 前記処理容器の内面は、鏡面仕上げされていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。
- 前記処理容器は、その長さ方向が重力方向に沿うように設置されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。
- 前記処理容器は、その長さ方向が水平方向に沿うように設置されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。
- 前記処理容器の搬出入口側には、前記処理容器内に対して前記保持手段を搬入又は搬出させる搬入・搬出手段を有するローダ室が連結されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。
- 前記ローダ室は、大気圧雰囲気になされていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の処理装置。
- 前記ローダ室は、真空雰囲気と大気圧雰囲気とを選択的に実現できるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の処理装置。
- 前記金属製の処理容器内には、前記電磁波を透過する材料よりなり、前記保持手段を内部に収容すると共に一端が開口された内側処理容器が設けられることを特徴とする1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。
- 前記保持手段を前記内側処理容器に対して搬出入するために前記内側処理容器設けられた開口を閉鎖および開放する内側閉鎖体を更に備え、前記内側閉鎖体は前記金属製の処理容器の搬出入口を閉鎖および開放するための閉鎖体と一体に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の処理装置。
- 前記被処理体は、半導体基板よりなることを特徴とする請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。
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US10426001B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-09-24 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Processing system for electromagnetic wave treatment of a substrate at microwave frequencies |
CN103325961B (zh) * | 2013-05-22 | 2016-05-18 | 上海和辉光电有限公司 | Oled封装加热装置及工艺方法 |
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- 2009-11-17 WO PCT/JP2009/069491 patent/WO2010055946A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-11-17 CN CN2009801459144A patent/CN102217049A/zh active Pending
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US8513578B2 (en) | 2013-08-20 |
KR20110086065A (ko) | 2011-07-27 |
CN102217049A (zh) | 2011-10-12 |
JP5560556B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
US20110215090A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
JP2010123635A (ja) | 2010-06-03 |
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