WO2010012151A1 - 电机驱动的驱动桥 - Google Patents
电机驱动的驱动桥 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010012151A1 WO2010012151A1 PCT/CN2009/000576 CN2009000576W WO2010012151A1 WO 2010012151 A1 WO2010012151 A1 WO 2010012151A1 CN 2009000576 W CN2009000576 W CN 2009000576W WO 2010012151 A1 WO2010012151 A1 WO 2010012151A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- friction
- planetary gear
- plate
- friction plate
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/062—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels acting on transmission parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
- B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
Definitions
- the invention relates to a motor driven drive axle, in particular to a drive axle of an electric vehicle. Background technique
- Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2001-039174 discloses an output driving device for an electric motor in which a motor driving force is transmitted to a driving wheel through a gear, an intermediate gear, an input shaft, a differential, and an output shaft;
- the axis is arranged in parallel with the axis of the output shaft, that is, the motor is arranged in parallel with the differential, and the motor is arranged above the differential.
- the arrangement of the motor is bound to increase the size of the drive unit.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, thereby providing a height-saving space, the integration of the service brake system and the parking brake system, safe and reliable; reducing the radial size of the reducer and making the drive axle A lower center of gravity and a smoother motor-driven drive axle.
- the utility model mainly comprises a motor, a differential, a first planetary gear reducer and a second planetary gear reducer, characterized in that the motor is arranged in the middle of the transaxle, one end of the motor and the first planetary gear reducer The coaxial connection is connected, the other end is coaxially connected to the differential and the second planetary gear reducer, and a braking device is disposed between the differential and the second planetary gear reducer.
- a right end of the motor shaft on the motor and a differential case of the differential are connected by a spline; a drive shaft is disposed inside the motor shaft; the end of the drive shaft is connected with a half shaft gear of the differential, the differential The other half shaft gear of the device is connected to the sun gear shaft of the second planetary gear reducer; the transmission shaft is axially connected to the left side of the motor shaft and to the sun gear of the first planetary gear reducer.
- a partition is disposed in the motor end cover of the motor, and the partition divides the motor end cover into two chambers, and the partition plate has a central hole.
- the brake device includes a piston arranged in the axial direction, a first pressure plate, a large friction plate, a second pressure plate, a secondary friction device, a main friction device and a fixed disk; the piston is disposed in a cavity of the motor end cover
- the first pressure plate is set in the piston, and a large friction plate is disposed between the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate, and the auxiliary friction device is matched with the main friction device;
- the fixed disk is axially fixed to the second planetary gear reducer.
- the first platen is provided with two bosses at one end, and the other end is provided with a flange.
- the flange is provided with three grooves, and the through hole is opened in the groove.
- the two pressure plate is a hollow disk provided with a protruding journal, the outer surface of the journal is provided with a spline, and the inner surface of the journal is provided with a spline groove.
- the auxiliary friction device includes a secondary friction plate and a secondary friction disk, the inner hole of the secondary friction plate is provided with a key groove, the outer circumference of the secondary friction disk is provided with a tooth tip, and the outer side of the secondary friction disk is provided with a brake Ring gear.
- the primary friction device includes a third pressure plate, a first primary friction plate, a second primary friction plate, and a primary friction disk;
- the third pressure plate is a hollow disk having a protruding journal, the journal
- the outer surface is provided with a spline, the inner surface of the journal is provided with a spline groove;
- the inner hole of the main friction disc is provided with a key groove, and the key groove of the inner hole of the main friction disc is matched with the spline of the third platen journal
- a second main friction plate is disposed between the third pressure plate and the main friction plate, and the first main friction plate is disposed between the main friction plate and the fixed plate, and the first main friction plate and the second main friction plate are external
- the circumferences are respectively provided with tooth tips, and the tooth tips of the first main friction plate and the second main friction plate are matched with the inner ring gear of the second planetary gear reducer.
- An axial gap is provided between the disc of the third platen and the disc of the second platen.
- the secondary friction plate, the secondary friction disk, the primary friction plate, and the primary friction disk are provided in two or more sets.
- the first planetary gear reducer and the second planetary gear reducer are respectively two-stage reducers.
- the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
- the motor, the differential and the planetary gear reducer of the invention are arranged on one axis, and the height dimension of the drive axle is small, which saves a high space;
- the brake device is built in the end cover of the motor and has a compact structure
- the fork, the first pressure plate, the large friction plate, the second pressure plate, the secondary friction device, the main friction device and the fixed plate constitute a parking brake system;
- the disc, the secondary friction device, the main friction device and the fixed disc form a service brake system;
- the service brake system is integrated with the parking brake system, and has a simple structure, safety and reliability;
- the secondary planetary gear reducer is used for deceleration.
- the reduction ratio is constant, the radial size of the reducer is further reduced, so that the center of gravity of the drive axle is lower and the operation is more stable.
- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a first planetary gear reducer in the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a second planetary gear reducer in the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the end cap portion of the motor of the present invention, including a differential and a brake device.
- Fig. 5 is an outline view of Fig. 4;
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 5;
- Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the fork and the first platen in the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a perspective view of the fork of Figure 7.
- Figure 9 is a perspective view of the first pressure plate of Figure 7.
- Figure 10 is a perspective view showing another angle of the first platen of Figure 7.
- Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of the brake device of the present invention.
- the motor-driven transaxle 1 includes a motor 3, a differential 4, and a first planetary gear reducer 2, that is, a left planetary gear reducer in this embodiment, and a second planetary gear reducer 6 That is, the right planetary gear reducer in this embodiment.
- One end of the motor 3 is coaxially connected to the first planetary gear reducer 2, and the other end of the motor 3 is coaxially connected to the differential 4 and the second planetary gear reducer 6.
- the motor 3 is arranged in the middle of the transaxle 1, which comprises a motor housing 17, a motor stator 18 and a motor rotor 19.
- the motor housing 17 also serves as the housing of the transaxle 1.
- the motor rotor 19 is mounted on the motor shaft 20, and the motor stator 18 is mounted on the motor rotor 19.
- the motor shaft 20 is hollow and has a drive shaft 21 disposed therein.
- the left end cover of the motor 3 is integrally formed with the motor housing 17, the motor end cover 12 is disposed on the right side of the motor 3, and the partition 14 is disposed in the motor end cover 12, and the partition 14 divides the motor end cover 12 into Two chambers, Both the differential 4 and the brake device 5 are disposed in the outer chamber of the motor end cover 12.
- the partition 14 is provided with a central hole in which the left side of the differential case 16 is supported by bearings.
- the right end of the motor shaft 20 is connected to the differential case 16 of the differential 4 by splines.
- the end of the drive shaft 21 on the side is connected to the side gear 15 of the differential 4, and the other side gear 13 of the differential 4 is connected to the sun gear shaft 11 of the second planetary gear reducer 6.
- the motor end cover 12 is integrally assembled with the second planetary gear reducer housing 9 by bolts, and a seal ring 38 for sealing is also provided on the joint surface.
- a secondary planetary gear mechanism 10 is mounted in the second planetary gear reducer housing 9.
- the secondary planetary gear mechanism 10 includes an inner ring gear 34, a first-stage planetary mechanism 35, and a secondary planetary mechanism 36.
- the central axis 8 of the secondary planetary mechanism 36 is splined to the right hub 7.
- the right hub 7 is fixed to the right drive wheel (not shown) by bolts 37.
- the drive shaft 21 is connected to the sun through the hollow motor shaft 20 to the sun gear 22 of the first planetary gear reducer 2.
- the motor housing 17 is integrally assembled with the first planetary gear reducer housing 24 by bolts, and a sealing ring 27 for sealing is also provided on the joint surface thereof.
- a secondary planetary gear mechanism 23 is mounted in the first planetary gear reducer housing 24.
- the secondary planetary gear mechanism 23 includes an inner ring gear 28, a primary planetary mechanism 30, and a secondary planetary mechanism 29.
- the central shaft 25 of the secondary planetary mechanism 29 is splined to the left hub 26.
- the left hub 26 is fixed to the left drive wheel (not shown) by bolts 31.
- the transmission shaft 21 is used to connect the transmission mechanisms on the left and right sides of the motor 3 to form an integral transmission system.
- the output torque of the motor 3 is transmitted to the drive wheels on the left and right sides of the transaxle 1 through the transmission mechanisms on the left and right sides.
- the function of the differential 4 is to solve the problem of differential speed of the driving wheels on the left and right sides during steering.
- a brake device 5 is disposed between the differential 4 and the second planetary gear reducer 6.
- the brake device 5 includes a piston 51, a first pressure plate 40, a large friction plate 42, a second pressure plate 43, a secondary friction device, a main friction device, and a fixed plate which are disposed in the axial direction. 33.
- the piston 51 is disposed in the inner cavity of the motor end cover 12, and the piston 51 is connected to a hydraulic device (not shown) and is axially movable by the action of the hydraulic device.
- the first pressure plate 40 is a cylindrical body 60, and is movably sleeved in the piston 51.
- One end of the cylindrical body 60 is provided with two bosses 58, the boss 58 and the fork The projections 57 of 52 abut.
- the shifting fork 52 is rotatably disposed on the outer casing of the motor end cover 12.
- One end of the shifting fork 52 is fixed in the blind hole in the motor end cover 12, and the other end is fixed to the motor end cover 12 through the fork end cover 54.
- the end of the fork 52 is further provided with a handle 53; one end of the handle 53 is provided with an adjusting bolt 55 and adjustment
- the nut 56 adjusts the angle of rotation of the handle 53 by adjusting the bolt 55 and the adjusting nut 56.
- the rotation of the handle 53 causes the shifting fork 52 to rotate, and the rotation of the shifting fork 52 can push the first pressure plate 40 to move axially.
- the other end of the cylindrical body 60 of the first pressure plate 40 is provided with a flange 59 which is engaged with the end surface of the piston 51.
- the flange 59 is provided with three recesses 61, and the recess 61 is also provided with a through hole. 62.
- the limiting sleeve 41 is mounted in the through hole 62, and the limiting bolt 39 is connected to the motor end cover 12 through the limiting sleeve 41.
- the limiting plate 41 and the limiting bolt 39 can adjust the first pressure plate 40. Axial displacement.
- a large friction plate 42 is disposed between the first pressure plate 40 and the second pressure plate 43, the auxiliary friction device is matched with the main friction device, and the large friction plate 42 passes through the teeth disposed on the outer circumference thereof.
- the tip is fitted into the ring gear 34 of the second planetary gear reducer 6.
- the second platen 43 is a hollow disk with a protruding journal, the outer surface of the journal is provided with a spline, the inner surface of the journal is provided with a spline groove, and the second platen 43 has a spline groove of the journal Spline fit of the differential case 16.
- the secondary friction device includes a secondary friction plate 49 and a secondary friction disk 50.
- a brake ring 48 is also mounted on the outer side of the secondary friction disc 50, and the brake ring 48 is axially positioned by the retaining ring 47.
- the inner hole of the secondary friction plate 49 is provided with a key groove, and the key groove of the inner hole of the secondary friction plate 49 is engaged with the sun gear shaft 11 of the second planetary gear reducer 6; the outer circumference of the secondary friction disk 50 has a tooth tip.
- the primary friction device includes a third platen 44, a first primary friction plate 32, a second primary friction plate 45, and a primary friction disk 46.
- the third platen 44 is a hollow disk with a projecting journal, the outer surface of which is provided with a spline, and the inner surface of the journal is provided with a spline groove.
- the tip of the secondary friction disc 50 mates with the splined groove of the journal of the third platen 44.
- the third platen 44 has a spline groove that engages the spline of the second platen 43 journal.
- An axial gap is provided between the disk of the third platen 44 and the disk of the second platen 43.
- the outer circumferences of the first main friction plate 32 and the second main friction plate 45 have tooth tips, the tooth tips of the first main friction plate 32, the second main friction plate 45 and the internal teeth of the second planetary gear reducer 6.
- the ring 34 is mated with engagement, the second primary friction plate 45 is a double-sided friction plate, and the first primary friction plate 32 is a single-sided friction plate.
- the second main friction plate 45 is disposed between the third pressure plate 44 and the main friction plate 46, the first main friction plate 32 is disposed between the main friction plate 46 and the fixed plate 33; the inner hole of the main friction plate 46 is provided with a key groove The key groove of the inner hole of the main friction plate 46 is matched with the spline of the journal of the third pressure plate 44.
- the fixed disk 33 is axially fixed in the ring gear 34 of the second planetary gear reducer 6.
- the secondary friction plate 49, the secondary friction disk 50, the second primary friction plate 45, and the primary friction disk 46 are provided in two or more sets.
- the brake device 5 of the present invention integrates the service brake and the parking brake into one body, which is simple and reliable.
- the service brake and the parking brake of the present invention are characterized by braking from the inside to the outside, the braking force is increased from small to small, the braking is soft, and the driver's operation is safe and comfortable.
- the specific braking process is as follows:
- the second pressure plate 43 is connected to the differential case 16, the differential case 16 drives the second pressure plate 43 to rotate, and the second pressure plate 43 drives the third through the connection of the involute splines.
- the platen 44 rotates.
- the side gear 13 in the differential case 16 drives the sun gear shaft 11.
- the middle of the sun gear shaft 11 is machined into an involute spline that is splined with a secondary friction plate 49 made of a copper-based material or a paper-based material.
- the outer side of the sub-friction disc 50 is machined into an involute spline, which is machined into a circle, with a certain gap at the center spline of the sun wheel shaft 11, and the outer spline is connected to the inner spline of the third platen 44.
- the third platen 44, the sub-friction disc 50, the sub-friction sheet 49, the sub-friction disc 50, the sub-friction sheet 49, and the sub-friction disc 50 are cyclically overlapped.
- the working process of the transaxle 1 is: when the motor 3 is energized and rotated, the hollow motor shaft 20 drives the differential case 16 to rotate, and the differential case 16 drives the two side gears 15, 13 to rotate, and one half shaft
- the gear 15 drives the drive shaft 21 to rotate
- the drive shaft 21 drives the sun gear 22 to rotate
- the other side gear 13 drives the other side of the sun gear shaft 11 to rotate. Both sides are driven by the same secondary planetary gear mechanism 23, 10 and transmitted to the drive wheel.
- the sun gear 22 and the sun gear shaft 11 rotate, the first planetary gear transmission is driven, and the transmission of the first planetary gear drives the rotation of the first planetary carrier.
- the center of the first-stage planet carrier is splined with a secondary center wheel with a secondary planetary gear reduction.
- the secondary center wheel drives the secondary planetary gear to rotate, and the gear of the secondary planet drives the secondary planetary carrier.
- the outer diameters of the central shafts 25, 8 of the secondary planetary carrier are machined into involute outer splines that, in combination with the internal splines of the hubs 26, 7, drive the drive wheels to rotate, thereby driving the vehicle forward.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Description
电机驱动的驱动桥
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电机驱动的驱动桥, 具体地说是电动车辆的驱动桥。 背景技术
电动车辆驱动桥的功用是将来自电机的动力减速传递给左、 右驱动轮。 日本专利申请公开号 2001-039174公开了一种电动机的输出驱动装置, 该装 置中的电机驱动力通过齿轮、 中间齿轮、 输入轴、 差动器、 输出轴传递到驱 动轮; 该装置中电机的轴线与输出轴的轴线是平行布置的, 也就是电机与差 速器平行布置, 并且电机布置在差速器的上方。 电机这样布置势必增加了该 驱动装置在高度上的尺寸, 将该装置用于电动叉车时, 会使驾驶室的高度增 加, 从而导致叉车的重心过高, 整车的稳定性差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足之处, 从而提供一种能节约高度空间, 行车制动系统与驻车制动系统一体化,安全可靠;可降低减速器的径向尺寸, 且使驱动桥的重心更低, 运行更平稳的电机驱动的驱动桥。
按照本发明提供的技术方案, 其主要包括电机、 差速器、 第一行星齿轮 减速器及第二行星齿轮减速器, 特征是电机布置在驱动桥的中部, 电机一端 与第一行星齿轮减速器同轴连接, 另一端与差速器、 第二行星齿轮减速器同 轴顺序连接, 所述差速器与第二行星齿轮减速器之间设置有制动装置。
所述电机上的电机轴的右端与差速器的差速器壳通过花键连接; 电机轴 内部设置传动轴; 所述传动轴端部与差速器的一半轴齿轮连接, 所述差速器 的另一半轴齿轮与第二行星齿轮减速器的太阳轮轴连接; 传动轴向左穿过电 机轴与第一行星齿轮减速器的太阳轮连接。
所述电机上的电机端盖内设有隔板, 隔板将电机端盖分成两个腔室, 隔 板上开有中心孔。
所述制动装置包括在轴向顺序设置的活塞、 第一压盘、 大摩擦片、 第二 压盘、 副摩擦装置、 主摩擦装置及固定盘; 所述活塞设置于电机端盖的内腔 内, 第一压盘套装在活塞内, 在第一压盘与第二压盘之间设置大摩擦片, 副 摩擦装置与主摩擦装置相配啮合; 固定盘轴向固定在第二行星齿轮减速器的 内齿圈中。
所述第一压盘一端设置有两个凸台, 另一端设置有凸缘, 所述凸缘上开 设有三个凹槽, 凹槽内开设有通孔。
所述 二压盘为设有凸出轴颈的空心圆盘, 所述轴颈的外表面设置有花 键, 其轴颈的内表面设置有花键槽。
所述副摩擦装置包括副摩擦片及副摩擦盘, 所述副摩擦片的内孔设有键 槽,所述副摩擦盘的外圆周设有齿尖,所述副摩擦盘的外侧设置有制动齿圈。
所述主摩擦装置包括第三压盘、 第一主摩擦片、 第二主摩擦片、 及主摩 擦盘; 所述第三压盘为设有凸出轴颈的空心圆盘, 所述轴颈的外表面设置有 花键, 其轴颈的内表面设置有花键槽; 所述主摩擦盘的内孔设有键槽, 主摩 擦盘内孔的键槽与第三压盘轴颈的花键相配啮合; 第二主摩擦片设置在第三 压盘与主摩擦盘之间, 第一主摩擦片设置在主摩擦盘与固定盘之间, 所述第 一主摩擦片、 第二主摩擦片的外圆周分别设有齿尖, 第一主摩擦片、 第二主 摩擦片的齿尖与第二行星齿轮减速器的内齿圈相配啮合。
所述第三压盘的圆盘与第二压盘的圆盘之间设置有轴向间隙。
所述副摩擦片、副摩擦盘及主摩擦片、主摩擦盘设置有二套或二套以上。 所述第一行星齿轮减速器及第二行星齿轮减速器分别为二级减速器。 本发明与已有技术相比具有以下优点:
1.本发明的电机、 差速器与行星齿轮减速器布置在一条轴线上, 驱动桥 的高度尺寸小, 节约了高度空间;
2.制动装置内置于电机的端盖内, 结构紧凑;
3.拨叉、 第一压盘、 大摩擦片、 第二压盘、 副摩擦装置、 主摩擦装置及 固定盘组成驻车制动系统; 活塞、 第一压盘、 大摩擦片、 第二压盘、 副摩擦 装置、 主摩擦装置及固定盘组成行车制动系统; 行车制动系统与驻车制动系 统一体化, 结构简单, 安全可靠;
4.采用二级行星齿轮减速器减速, 在减速比一定的情况下, 进一步降低 了减速器的径向尺寸, 使驱动桥的重心更低, 运行更平稳。
附图说明
图 1为本发明的结构剖视图。
图 2为本发明中的第一行星齿轮减速器的结构剖视图。
图 3为本发明中的第二行星齿轮减速器的结构剖视图。
图 4为本发明中的电机端盖部分的结构剖视图, 其中包括差速器和制动 装置。
图 5为图 4的外形图。
图 6为图 5中的 A-A剖视图。
图 7为本发明中的拨叉与第一压盘配合示意图。
图 8为图 7中的拨叉立体示意图。
图 9为图 7中的第一压盘立体示意图。
图 10为图 7中的第一压盘另一角度的立体示意图。
图 11为本发明中的制动装置立体分解图。
具体实施方式
下面本发明将结合附图中的实施例作进一步描述:
图 1〜图 11所示, 包括: 驱动桥 1, 第一行星齿轮减速器 2, 电机 3, 差 速器 4, 制动装置 5, 第二行星齿轮减速器 6, 轮毂 7, 中心轴 8, 第二行星 齿轮减速器壳体 9, 二级行星齿轮机构 10, 太阳轮轴 1 1, 电机端盖 12, 半轴 齿轮 13, 隔板 14, 半轴齿轮 15, 差速器壳 16, 电机壳体 17, 电机定子 18, 电机转子 19, 电机轴 20, 传动轴 21, 太阳轮 22, 二级行星齿轮机构 23, 第 一行星齿轮减速器壳体 24, 中心轴 25 , 轮毂 26, 密封圈 27, 内齿圈 28, 二 级行星机构 29, 一级行星机构 30, 螺栓 31, 第一主摩擦片 32, 固定盘 33, 内齿圈 34, 一级行星机构 35, 二级行星机构 36, 螺栓 37, 密封圈 38, 限位 螺栓 39,第一压盘 40, 限位套 41,大摩擦片 42,第二压盘 43,第三压盘 44, 第二主摩擦片 45, 主摩擦盘 46, 挡圈 47, 制动齿圈 48, 副摩擦片 49, 副摩 擦盘 50, 活塞 51, 拨叉 52, 手柄 53, 拨叉端盖 54, 调整螺栓 55, 调整螺母 56, 凸起 57, 凸台 58, 凸缘 59, 圆筒体 60, 凹槽 61, 通孔 62等。
如图 1所示, 电机驱动的驱动桥 1, 包括电机 3、 差速器 4、 第一行星齿 轮减速器 2, 即为本实施例中的左行星齿轮减速器, 第二行星齿轮减速器 6, 即为本实施例中的右行星齿轮减速器。 电机 3的一端与第一行星齿轮减速器 2同轴连接,该电机 3的另一端与差速器 4、第二行星齿轮减速器 6同轴顺序 连接。
所述电机 3布置在驱动桥 1 的中部, 其包括电机壳体 17、 电机定子 18 和电机转子 19。 电机壳体 17兼做驱动桥 1的壳体。 电机转子 19装配在电机 轴 20上, 电机定子 18安装在电机转子 19上。 所述电机轴 20是空心的, 其 内部设置传动轴 21。
所述电机 3的左侧端盖与电机壳体 17—体成型,电机 3的右侧设置电机 端盖 12, 电机端盖 12内设有隔板 14,隔板 14将电机端盖 12分成两个腔室,
差速器 4及制动装置 5均设置于电机端盖 12的外侧腔室内。 所述隔板 14开 有中心孔, 差速器壳 16的左侧通过轴承支承在该中心孔内。 电机轴 20的右 端与差速器 4的差速器壳 16通过花键连接。 该侧的传动轴 21端部与差速器 4的半轴齿轮 15连接, 所述差速器 4的另一半轴齿轮 13与第二行星齿轮减 速器 6的太阳轮轴 11连接。
所述电机端盖 12与第二行星齿轮减速器壳体 9通过螺栓装配成一体,在 其接合面还装有起密封作用的密封圈 38。在第二行星齿轮减速器壳体 9内装 有二级行星齿轮机构 10。 二级行星齿轮机构 10包括内齿圈 34、 一级行星机 构 35及二级行星机构 36。二级行星机构 36的中心轴 8与右轮毂 7花键连接。 右轮毂 7通过螺栓 37固定在右驱动轮 (图中未示出) 上。
所述传动轴 21向左穿过空心电机轴 20与第一行星齿轮减速器 2的太阳 轮 22连接。
如图 2所示, 所述电机壳体 17与第一行星齿轮减速器壳体 24通过螺栓 装配成一体, 在其接合面还装有起密封作用的密封圈 27。在第一行星齿轮减 速器壳体 24内装有二级行星齿轮机构 23。二级行星齿轮机构 23包括内齿圈 28、 一级行星机构 30及二级行星机构 29。 二级行星机构 29的中心轴 25与 左轮毂 26花键连接。 左轮毂 26通过螺栓 31固定在左驱动轮 (图中未示出) 上。
利用传动轴 21把电机 3左、右两侧的传动机构连接起来,形成整体传动 系。 电机 3的输出扭矩通过左、 右两侧的传动机构传递至驱动桥 1左、 右两 侧的驱动轮。 差速器 4的作用是解决左、 右两侧的驱动轮在转向行驶中的差 速问题。
所述差速器 4与第二行星齿轮减速器 6之间设置有制动装置 5。
如图 3〜图 4所示, 制动装置 5包括在轴向顺序设置的活塞 51、 第一压 盘 40、 大摩擦片 42、 第二压盘 43、 副摩擦装置、 主摩擦装置及固定盘 33。
所述活塞 51设置于电机端盖 12的内腔内,该活塞 51与液压装置(图中 未示出) 连接, 在液压装置的作用下可沿轴向移动。
如图 5〜图 10所示, 所述第一压盘 40为圆筒体 60, 活动地套在活塞 51 内, 圆筒体 60的一端设置两个凸台 58, 该凸台 58与拨叉 52的凸起 57相抵 靠。拨叉 52可转动地设置于电机端盖 12的外壳上,拨叉 52的一端固定在电 机端盖 12内的盲孔中,其另一端通过拨叉端盖 54固定在电机端盖 12的通孔 中; 拨叉 52的该端还装有手柄 53 ; 手柄 53的一端设有调整螺栓 55与调整
螺母 56, 通过调整螺栓 55和调整螺母 56可调整手柄 53的转动角度。 手柄 53转动带动拨叉 52转动, 拨叉 52的转动可推动第一压盘 40轴向移动。 第 一压盘 40的圆筒体 60的另一端设置凸缘 59,该凸缘 59与上述活塞 51的端 面配合, 凸缘 59上开有三个凹槽 61, 凹槽 61内还开有通孔 62, 限位套 41 安装于此通孔 62中, 限位螺栓 39穿过限位套 41连接到电机端盖 12上, 通 过限位套 41、 限位螺栓 39可以调整第一压盘 40的轴向位移量。
如图 4所示, 所述第一压盘 40与第二压盘 43之间设置大摩擦片 42, 副 摩擦装置与主摩擦装置相配啮合,大摩擦片 42通过设置在其外圆周上的齿尖 嵌合在第二行星齿轮减速器 6的内齿圈 34中。
所述第二压盘 43 为带有凸出轴颈的空心圆盘, 其轴颈的外表面设置花 键, 其轴颈的内表面设置花键槽, 第二压盘 43轴颈的花键槽与差速器壳 16 的花键配合。
如图 11所示, 所述副摩擦装置包括副摩擦片 49及副摩擦盘 50。 副摩擦 盘 50的外侧还装有制动齿圈 48, 制动齿圈 48由挡圈 47轴向定位。 副摩擦 片 49的内孔带有键槽, 副摩擦片 49内孔的键槽与第二行星齿轮减速器 6的 太阳轮轴 11配合; 副摩擦盘 50的外圆周带有齿尖。
所述主摩擦装置包括第三压盘 44、 第一主摩擦片 32、 第二主摩擦片 45 及主摩擦盘 46。 第三压盘 44为带有凸出轴颈的空心圆盘, 其轴颈的外表面 设置花键, 其轴颈的内表面设置花键槽。 副摩擦盘 50的齿尖与第三压盘 44 轴颈的花键槽配合。 第三压盘 44轴颈的花键槽与第二压盘 43轴颈的花键配 合。 第三压盘 44的圆盘与第二压盘 43的圆盘之间设置轴向间隙。
所述第一主摩擦片 32、 第二主摩擦片 45的外圆周带有齿尖, 第一主摩 擦片 32、第二主摩擦片 45的齿尖与第二行星齿轮减速器 6的内齿圈 34相配 啮合, 第二主摩擦片 45为双面摩擦片、 第一主摩擦片 32为单面摩擦片。 第 二主摩擦片 45设置在第三压盘 44与主摩擦盘 46之间, 第一主摩擦片 32设 置在主摩擦盘 46与固定盘 33之间;主摩擦盘 46的内孔带有键槽,主摩擦盘 46内孔的键槽与第三压盘 44轴颈的花键相配啮合。固定盘 33轴向固定在第 二行星齿轮减速器 6的内齿圈 34中。
所述副摩擦片 49、副摩擦盘 50及第二主摩擦片 45、主摩擦盘 46设置有 二套或二套以上。
本发明的制动装置 5将行车制动与驻车制动连成一体, 简单可靠。
驻车制动: 当手柄 53摆动一个角度时, 带动与其固定的拨叉 52摆动,
拨叉 52的凸起 57与第一压盘 40的凸台 58相抵靠,推动第一压盘 40轴向向 右移动, 压紧大摩擦片 42, 达到了制动的目的。 当手柄 53恢复原位时, 通 过回位弹簧, 使第一压盘 40向左移, 制动力消除。
行车制动: 当脚踏制动压板时, 制动压板压紧制动总泵的推杆, 迫使总 泵的刹车油往外流出, 进入活塞 51的油腔, 迫使活塞 51向右移动, 并带动 第一压盘 40向右移动压紧大摩擦片 42, 从而达到刹车的目的, 当脚离开制 动压板时, 高压刹车油回流, 制动力消除。
本发明的行车制动和驻车制动的特点是由内向外制动,制动力由小变大, 制动柔和, 驾驶员操作安全、 舒服。
具体的制动过程如下: 第二压盘 43与差速器壳 16连接, 差速器壳 16 带动第二压盘 43旋转, 通过渐开线花键的连接, 第二压盘 43带动第三压盘 44旋转。另一方面, 差速器壳 16内的半轴齿轮 13带动太阳轮轴 11。太阳轮 轴 11的中间加工成渐开线花键, 与铜基材料或纸基材料制成的副摩擦片 49 内花键连接。而副摩擦盘 50外面加工成渐开线花键, 里面加工成圆, 与太阳 轮轴 11中间花键处留有一定间隙, 而外面的花键与第三压盘 44的内花键相 连接。 构成了第三压盘 44、 副摩擦盘 50、 副摩擦片 49、 副摩擦盘 50、 副摩 擦片 49、 副摩擦盘 50循环重叠。
当活塞 51、 第一压盘 40移动时, 电机 3已停电, 电机轴 20空转, 通过 大摩擦片 42移动, 迫使第二压盘 43也移动, 第二压盘 43和第三压盘 44同 时旋转,但第二压盘 43和第三压盘 44侧面不接触,第二压盘 43的副摩擦片 49和副摩擦盘 50就贴合, 带动了第三压盘 44旋转, 使第二压盘 43、第三压 盘 44、 副摩擦片 49、 副摩擦盘 50、 太阳轮轴 11连成一体, 当第三压盘 44 继续移动时, 带动主摩擦片 45、 主摩擦盘 46与固定盘 33之间紧密贴合, 产 生了摩擦力, 使太阳轮轴 11停止转动, 从而达到刹车的目的。
本驱动桥 1的工作过程为: 当电机 3通电旋转时,空心的电机轴 20带动 差速器壳 16旋转, 而差速器壳 16带动两个半轴齿轮 15、 13旋转, 而一个半 轴齿轮 15带动传动轴 21旋转, 而传动轴 21又带动太阳轮 22旋转, 而另一 个半轴齿轮 13又带动另一侧太阳轮轴 11旋转。 两侧通过同样的二级行星齿 轮机构 23、 10减速传动, 传至驱动轮。 当太阳轮 22和太阳轮轴 11旋转时, 带动了一级行星齿轮传动,而一级行星齿轮的传动,带动一级行星架的旋转。 一级行星架中心通过花键装有二级行星齿轮减速的二级中心轮,同样的道理, 二级中心轮带动二级行星齿轮旋转, 而二级行星的齿轮带动二级行星齿轮架
旋转。 二级行星齿轮架的中心轴 25、 8的外径加工成渐开线外花键, 与轮毂 26、 7的内花键结合, 带动驱动轮旋转, 从而驱使车辆前行。
Claims
1、 一种电机驱动的驱动桥, 包括电机(3)、 差速器(4)、 第一行星齿轮 减速器 (2) 及第二行星齿轮减速器 (6), 其特征是电机 (3) 布置在驱动桥
(1) 的中部, 电机(3)—端与第一行星齿轮减速器(2) 同轴连接, 另一端 与差速器 (4)、 第二行星齿轮减速器 (6) 同轴顺序连接, 所述差速器 (4) 与第二行星齿轮减速器 (6) 之间设置有制动装置 (5)。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的电机驱动的驱动桥, 其特征在于所述电机(3) 上的电机轴(20) 的右端与差速器(4) 的差速器壳(16)通过花键连接; 电 机轴 (20) 内部设置传动轴 (21); 所述传动轴 (21) 端部与差速器 (4) 的 一半轴齿轮(15)连接, 所述差速器(4) 的另一半轴齿轮(13)与第二行星 齿轮减速器 (6) 的太阳轮轴 (11)连接; 传动轴 (21) 穿过电机轴 (20) 与 第一行星齿轮减速器 (2) 的太阳轮 (22) 连接。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的电机驱动的驱动桥, 其特征在于所述电机(3) 上的电机端盖(12) 内设有隔板(14), 隔板(14)上开有中心孔, 将电机端 盖 (12) 分成两个腔室。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的电机驱动的驱动桥,其特征在于所述制动装 置 (5) 包括轴向顺序设置的活塞 (51)、 第一压盘 (40)、 大摩擦片 (42)、 第二压盘 (43)、 副摩擦装置、 主摩擦装置及固定盘 (33); 活塞 (51) 设置 于电机端盖 (12) 的内腔内, 第一压盘 (40) 套装在活塞 (51) 内, 在第一 压盘(40)与第二压盘(43)之间设置大摩擦片(42), 副摩擦装置与主摩擦 装置相配啮合; 固定盘(33)轴向固定在第二行星齿轮减速器(6) 的内齿圈 (34) 中。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的电机驱动的驱动桥,其特征在于所述第一压盘 (40) —端设置有凸台 (58), 另一端设置有凸缘 (59), 所述凸缘 (59) 上 开设有凹槽 (61), 凹槽 (61) 内开设有通孔 (62)。
6、根据权利要求 4所述的电机驱动的驱动桥,其特征在于所述第二压盘 (43) 为设有凸出轴颈的空心圆盘, 所述轴颈的外表面设置有花键, 其轴颈 的内表面设置有花键槽。
7、根据权利要求 4所述的电机驱动的驱动桥,其特征在于所述副摩擦装 置包括副摩擦片(49)及副摩擦盘(50), 所述副摩擦片 (49) 的内孔设有键
槽, 所述副摩擦盘 (50) 的外圆周设有齿尖, 所述副摩擦盘 (50) 的外侧设 置有制动齿圈 (48)。
8、根据权利要求 4所述的电机驱动的驱动桥,其特征在于所述主摩擦装 置包括第三压盘 (44)、 第一主摩擦片 (32)、 第二主摩擦片 (45 ) 及主摩擦 盘(46); 所述第三压盘(44)为设有凸出轴颈的空心圆盘, 所述轴颈的外表 面设置有花键, 其轴颈的内表面设置有花键槽; 所述主摩擦盘 (46) 的内孔 设有键槽, 主摩擦盘 (46) 内孔的键槽与第三压盘 (44 ) 轴颈的花键相配啮 合; 第二主摩擦片 (45 ) 设置在第三压盘 (44) 与主摩擦盘(46) 之间, 第 一主摩擦片 (32 ) 设置在主摩檫盘 (46) 与固定盘 (33 ) 之间, 所述第一主 摩擦片(32)、第二主摩擦片(45 )的外圆周分别设有齿尖,第一主摩擦片(32)、 第二主摩擦片 (45 )的齿尖与第二行星齿轮减速器(6) 的内齿圈 (34)相配 啮合。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的电机驱动的驱动桥,其特征在于所述第三压盘 (44) 的圆盘与第二压盘 (43 ) 的圆盘之间设置有轴向间隙。
10、 根据权利要求 7所述的电机驱动的驱动桥, 其特征在于所述副摩擦 片 (49)、 副摩擦盘 (50)、 第二主摩擦片 (45 ) 及主摩擦盘 (46) 设置有二 套或二套以上。
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CN106585276A (zh) * | 2017-01-15 | 2017-04-26 | 临沂金盛机械配套有限公司 | 一种大轮边驱动桥 |
CN106585276B (zh) * | 2017-01-15 | 2023-09-08 | 临沂金盛机械配套有限公司 | 一种大轮边驱动桥 |
CN108458091A (zh) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-28 | 孝感孝航机电科技有限公司 | 一种用于机动车的传动装置 |
CN108674160A (zh) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-10-19 | 上海欣原汽车技术开发有限公司 | 一种同轴集成电驱动车桥 |
CN109532478A (zh) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-29 | 广西合浦县惠来宝机械制造有限公司 | 一种带差速锁和制动器的组合分动变速功能整体式前桥 |
CN110641267A (zh) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-03 | 华晨鑫源重庆汽车有限公司 | 一种防止磨损的驱动电机后桥总成 |
US12139019B2 (en) | 2022-06-17 | 2024-11-12 | Dana Limited | Electric wheel end driveline systems and methods |
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