WO2010001640A1 - クロスカップリング反応用触媒、及びこれを用いた芳香族化合物の製造方法 - Google Patents
クロスカップリング反応用触媒、及びこれを用いた芳香族化合物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010001640A1 WO2010001640A1 PCT/JP2009/054588 JP2009054588W WO2010001640A1 WO 2010001640 A1 WO2010001640 A1 WO 2010001640A1 JP 2009054588 W JP2009054588 W JP 2009054588W WO 2010001640 A1 WO2010001640 A1 WO 2010001640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- general formula
- formula
- represented
- same
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 70
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005107 alkyl diaryl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005105 dialkylarylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005106 triarylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 150
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 101
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 79
- -1 alkyl compound Chemical class 0.000 description 71
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 56
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 41
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 21
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 15
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LOXORFRCPXUORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo-Cycloheptane Chemical compound BrC1CCCCCC1 LOXORFRCPXUORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 12
- MIBACZPRZQXCCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-bis(3,5-ditert-butylphenyl)phosphanylphenyl]-bis(3,5-ditert-butylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(P(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)P(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MIBACZPRZQXCCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmagnesium bromide Chemical compound Br[Mg]C1=CC=CC=C1 ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- NFRYVRNCDXULEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-diphenylphosphanylphenyl)-diphenylphosphane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFRYVRNCDXULEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrazine Natural products N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- BJWOGXVZPVJPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy-dioxidoborane Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].CC(C)(C)OB([O-])[O-] BJWOGXVZPVJPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxycyclopentane Chemical compound COC1CCCC1 SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IGYHSFVSIYJSML-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro-(2-dichlorophosphanylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound ClP(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1P(Cl)Cl IGYHSFVSIYJSML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JHUUPUMBZGWODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dioxine Chemical compound C1OOCC=C1 JHUUPUMBZGWODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- AQNQQHJNRPDOQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromocyclohexane Chemical compound BrC1CCCCC1 AQNQQHJNRPDOQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004698 iron complex Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QDYLPCZALKPLSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphanylphenyl]-bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(P(C=2C=C(C)C=C(C)C=2)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)P(C=2C=C(C)C=C(C)C=2)C=2C=C(C)C=C(C)C=2)=C1 QDYLPCZALKPLSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006732 (C1-C15) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-naphthyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CN=C21 FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SKIDNYUZJPMKFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iododecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCI SKIDNYUZJPMKFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000579 2,2-diphenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- OFJDVGRGQTUWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-decyl-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C OFJDVGRGQTUWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006201 3-phenylpropyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- KKLCYBZPQDOFQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CC=CC=C1 KKLCYBZPQDOFQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WCZVZNOTHYJIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnoline Chemical compound N1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 WCZVZNOTHYJIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 2
- UZILCZKGXMQEQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl-Benzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 UZILCZKGXMQEQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JOWQNXIISCPKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1,3,5-trimethylbenzene-6-ide;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].CC1=CC(C)=[C-]C(C)=C1 JOWQNXIISCPKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RBWRWAUAVRMBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;methoxybenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].COC1=CC=[C-]C=C1 RBWRWAUAVRMBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- COCAUCFPFHUGAA-MGNBDDOMSA-N n-[3-[(1s,7s)-5-amino-4-thia-6-azabicyclo[5.1.0]oct-5-en-7-yl]-4-fluorophenyl]-5-chloropyridine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C([C@@]23N=C(SCC[C@@H]2C3)N)=CC=1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=N1 COCAUCFPFHUGAA-MGNBDDOMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FVZVCSNXTFCBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanyl Chemical group [PH2] FVZVCSNXTFCBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalazine Chemical compound C1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKHIFSZMMVMEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N talc Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O FKHIFSZMMVMEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZFLBWAKFGADPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-bromo-5-trimethylsilylphenyl)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=CC([Si](C)(C)C)=C1 TZFLBWAKFGADPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZSWOLXBZKTHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-diphenylphosphanylquinoxalin-2-yl)-diphenylphosphane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=NC2=CC=CC=C2N=1)P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MZSWOLXBZKTHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEXBCIAKNJEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methoxyphenyl)cycloheptane Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1CCCCCC1 WEXBCIAKNJEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006717 (C3-C10) cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006376 (C3-C10) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002030 1,2-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([*:2])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- IXTHHLANTMKTOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3,5-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C1=CC(Br)=CC(C=2C(=CC=CC=2C)C)=C1 IXTHHLANTMKTOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRKJTEHREIEDIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3,5-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(Br)=CC(C(C)C)=C1 VRKJTEHREIEDIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMFRTSBQRLSJHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3,5-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(Br)=C1 LMFRTSBQRLSJHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APTDRDYSJZQPPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-(2-bromoethyl)benzene Chemical compound BrCCC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 APTDRDYSJZQPPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBKGFHBUPXVPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CCC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 DBKGFHBUPXVPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQHPRVYDKRESCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromoadamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(Br)C3 VQHPRVYDKRESCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMSJFSOOQERIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCBr MYMSJFSOOQERIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCMIWASLPQNSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 PCMIWASLPQNSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJJPDZNZPQKZGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 YJJPDZNZPQKZGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XACJBFHSZJWBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyladamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC1CC23C1=CC=CC=C1 XACJBFHSZJWBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPSSDDOTEZKOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(Cl)C(Cl)=NC2=C1 SPSSDDOTEZKOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFIKPDSQDNROGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1 VFIKPDSQDNROGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006022 2-methyl-2-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VFCTUUBAONBDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1 VFCTUUBAONBDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- YKWJSERSGPXMGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-cyclohexyl-1,2,3-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=CC(C2CCCCC2)=C1 YKWJSERSGPXMGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001843 C4-C10 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YUVHAYYMXSMIGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=CC=CC=C1[Mg] Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1[Mg] YUVHAYYMXSMIGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSFWMBNQYRLFPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC1=CC=C([Mg])C=C1 Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([Mg])C=C1 JSFWMBNQYRLFPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWWYTCMAERPNRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC([Mg]Br)=CC([Si](C)(C)C)=C1 Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC([Mg]Br)=CC([Si](C)(C)C)=C1 QWWYTCMAERPNRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCPJKXKFILIXLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [2-bis(3,5-ditert-butylphenyl)phosphanylphenyl]-bis(3,5-ditert-butylphenyl)phosphane dichloroiron Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(P(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)P(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 KCPJKXKFILIXLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IIAAVQDBGHPUJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphanylphenyl]-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)P(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 IIAAVQDBGHPUJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJVKNXPLFBCSPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-bis[3,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]phosphanylphenyl]-bis[3,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]phosphane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC([Si](C)(C)C)=CC(P(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)[Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)P(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)[Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)[Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=C1 LJVKNXPLFBCSPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLBHPUFLXWEAJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Br-].CC(C)(C)C1=CC([Mg+])=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1 Chemical compound [Br-].CC(C)(C)C1=CC([Mg+])=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1 GLBHPUFLXWEAJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WTLXQMYLNBHPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Br-].CC(C)C1=CC([Mg+])=CC(C(C)C)=C1 Chemical compound [Br-].CC(C)C1=CC([Mg+])=CC(C(C)C)=C1 WTLXQMYLNBHPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMJSGLZXFNSANB-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorocycloheptane Chemical compound ClC1CCCCCC1 KMJSGLZXFNSANB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001047 cyclobutenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000298 cyclopropenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005982 diphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009815 homocoupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UWIBIDGHIMGNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1,3-dimethylbenzene-5-ide;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].CC1=C[C-]=CC(C)=C1 UWIBIDGHIMGNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IWCVDCOJSPWGRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;benzene;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].C1=CC=[C-]C=C1 IWCVDCOJSPWGRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BRKADVNLTRCLOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;fluorobenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].FC1=CC=[C-]C=C1 BRKADVNLTRCLOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YAMQOOCGNXAQGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;methylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].CC1=CC=CC=[C-]1 YAMQOOCGNXAQGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005394 methallyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UNFUYWDGSFDHCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N monochlorocyclohexane Chemical compound ClC1CCCCC1 UNFUYWDGSFDHCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005485 noradamantyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002872 norbornadienyl group Chemical group C12=C(C=C(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003518 norbornenyl group Chemical group C12(C=CC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005482 norpinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007344 nucleophilic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003933 pentacenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000037 tert-butyldiphenylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[Si]([H])([*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001935 tetracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical group [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/645—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6509—Six-membered rings
- C07F9/650952—Six-membered rings having the nitrogen atoms in the positions 1 and 4
- C07F9/650994—Six-membered rings having the nitrogen atoms in the positions 1 and 4 condensed with carbocyclic rings or carbocyclic ring systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2419—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising P as ring member
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B37/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving either the formation of a carbon-to-carbon bond between two carbon atoms not directly linked already or the disconnection of two directly linked carbon atoms
- C07B37/04—Substitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen
- C07C1/325—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen the hetero-atom being a metal atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen
- C07C1/325—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen the hetero-atom being a metal atom
- C07C1/327—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen the hetero-atom being a metal atom the hetero-atom being an aluminium atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/02—Iron compounds
- C07F15/025—Iron compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/5027—Polyphosphines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
- B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
- B01J2231/4205—C-C cross-coupling, e.g. metal catalyzed or Friedel-Crafts type
- B01J2231/4233—Kumada-type, i.e. RY + R'MgZ, in which Ris optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, Y is the leaving group and Z is halide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/842—Iron
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing a novel catalyst comprising an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound, and a method for producing an aromatic compound by coupling a halogenated hydrocarbon and an aromatic metal reagent using the catalyst.
- alkylated aromatic compounds particularly a group of aromatic compounds having a secondary alkyl group on an aromatic ring, are useful as raw materials for chemical intermediates such as pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, and liquid crystals.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 to 8 and Patent Document 1 In recent years, the reaction of cross-coupling alkyl halides with aromatic metal reagents has been intensively studied. In particular, reports have been made on cross-coupling reactions using iron catalysts that are inexpensive and easily available (for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 to 8 and Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 7 an alkyl halide and an aromatic magnesium reagent are crossed in the presence of iron (III) chloride and N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA).
- TMDA N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine
- a method of coupling reaction is described.
- this method requires a relatively large amount of iron catalyst of about 5 mol% with respect to the alkyl halide as a substrate, so there is room for improvement in terms of cost and reaction efficiency.
- introduction of a fluorine atom on the aromatic ring is actively performed.
- the aromatic magnesium reagent having a fluorine atom on the aromatic ring has no limitation on the method for producing various functional compounds because the cross-coupling reaction does not proceed at all.
- Non-Patent Document 8 describes a method in which an alkyl halide and an aromatic zinc reagent are subjected to a cross-coupling reaction in the presence of iron (III) chloride and 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) benzene (DPPBz). Has been. This method also requires a relatively large amount of iron catalyst of about 3 mol% with respect to the alkyl halide, and there is room for improvement in terms of cost and reaction efficiency.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an alkyl compound that is alkylated efficiently and in a high yield by a cross-coupling reaction between an alkyl halide and an aromatic metal reagent.
- the present invention provides the following method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound.
- R-Ar '(1) is a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and may have a group represented by —O— between the carbon-carbon bonds of the hydrocarbon group; , An aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- Q is a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from an optionally substituted aryl ring or an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring.
- Ar represents the same or different aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- a catalyst for cross-coupling reaction comprising a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (2): RX (2) [Wherein, X represents a halogen atom, and R is the same as defined above. ]
- a production method comprising reacting a magnesium reagent represented by the formula:
- Item 2 The method according to Item 1, wherein the iron compound is a divalent or trivalent iron salt or a solvate thereof.
- R 1 is the same or different and represents H, F, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, a dialkylarylsilyl group, an alkyldiarylsilyl group, or a triarylsilyl group.
- N1 represents an integer of 1 to 5
- n2 represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- Item 3 The production method according to Item 1 or 2, which is a group represented by:
- Ar is a formula:
- Item 3 The production method according to Item 1 or 2, which is a group represented by:
- Item 5 The production according to Item 4, wherein, in Ar of the general formula (4), R 12 is H, and R 11 and R 13 are the same or different and are a C 1 to C 6 alkyl group or a trialkylsilyl group. Method.
- Item 6 The production method according to any one of Items 1 to 5, which is a divalent group represented by:
- Q is a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from an optionally substituted aryl ring or heteroaryl ring, and Ar is the same or different.
- R 1 is the same or different and represents H, F, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, a dialkylarylsilyl group, an alkyldiarylsilyl group, or a triarylsilyl group.
- N1 represents an integer of 1 to 5
- n2 represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- Item 8 The catalyst according to Item 7, which is a group represented by:
- Item 8 The catalyst according to Item 7, which is a group represented by:
- Item 10 The catalyst according to Item 9, wherein, in Ar of the general formula (4), R 12 is H, and R 11 and R 13 are the same or different and are a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group or a trialkylsilyl group. .
- Item 11 The catalyst according to any one of Items 7 to 10, which is a divalent group represented by:
- X 1 represents a halogen atom.
- q represents 1, 2 or 3.
- r represents 1 or 2;
- Q is a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from an optionally substituted aryl ring or an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring,
- Ar represents the same or different aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- Ar 1 is the same or different and has the formula:
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are the same or different and each represents H, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or a trialkylsilyl group. However, the case where all of R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are H is excluded. Except when two of R 11 , R 12 and R 13 on the benzene ring are H and the remaining one is a methyl, ethyl or propyl group. ] The bisphosphine compound represented by these.
- Q is a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from an optionally substituted aryl ring or an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring.
- Ar represents the same or different aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- Item 14 The method according to Item 13, which is a group represented by:
- the present invention has been intensively studied in view of the above problems, and as a result, bulky bisphosphines such as iron (III) chloride and 1,2-bis (3,5-ditert-butylphenyl) phosphino) benzene. It has been found that the above problems can be solved by subjecting an alkyl halide and an aromatic zinc reagent, aromatic boron reagent or aromatic aluminum reagent to a cross-coupling reaction in the presence of a compound. As a result of further research based on this knowledge, the present invention has been completed. Hereinafter, it is referred to as “second embodiment”.
- the present invention provides the following method for producing an alkylated aromatic compound.
- Ar 1 is the same or different and has the formula:
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are the same or different and each represents H, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or a trialkylsilyl group. However, the case where all of R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are H is excluded.
- a catalyst for cross-coupling reaction comprising a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (2): RX (2) [Wherein, X represents a halogen atom, and R is the same as defined above.
- a production method comprising reacting an organometallic reagent having a bond represented by the formula:
- R 110 and R 130 are the same or different and each represents a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or a tri (C 1 -C 6 ) alkylsilyl group.
- Item 17 The production method according to Item 16, which is a bisphosphine compound represented by the formula:
- Item 18 The method according to Item 16 or 17, wherein the iron compound is a divalent or trivalent iron salt or a solvate thereof.
- Item 19 The production method according to Item 16, 17 or 18, wherein R 110 and R 130 are tert-butyl or trimethylsilyl.
- the catalyst comprising the iron compound and bisphosphine compound of the present invention efficiently proceeds the cross-coupling reaction between the alkyl halide and the aromatic magnesium reagent. Therefore, the catalyst of the present invention is useful as a cross-coupling reusable catalyst. Using this catalyst, various alkylated aromatic compounds (cross-coupling compounds) can be obtained in high yield. This reaction is extremely useful for the synthesis of organic liquid crystal molecules, organic electronic materials, and pharmaceutical and agricultural chemical intermediates.
- the cross coupling reaction proceeds more efficiently.
- the cross-coupling reaction using not only the aromatic magnesium reagent but also the aromatic zinc reagent, aromatic boron reagent or aromatic aluminum reagent proceeds very efficiently.
- First embodiment cross-coupling reaction using Mg reagent
- the present invention is represented by the general formula (2) in the presence of a catalyst for cross-coupling reaction composed of an iron compound (or an iron catalyst) represented by the following formula and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4).
- a catalyst for cross-coupling reaction composed of an iron compound (or an iron catalyst) represented by the following formula and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4).
- the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) are reacted to produce the aromatic compound represented by the general formula (1).
- R represents a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and may have a group represented by —O— between the carbon-carbon bonds of the hydrocarbon group.
- X represents a halogen atom.
- Ar ′ is an aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- Y represents a halogen atom.
- Q represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from an aryl ring which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl ring which may have a substituent.
- Ar represents the same or different aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- R is a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and is represented by —O— between the carbon-carbon bonds of the hydrocarbon group. It may have a group.
- hydrocarbon group examples include a C 1 to C 30 hydrocarbon group, or may be a polymer hydrocarbon group containing a larger number of carbon atoms. Further, it may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be acyclic, cyclic, or a form including both.
- unsaturated hydrocarbon group the carbon atom bonded to X (that is, forming a bond with Ar ′ by a cross-coupling reaction) is preferably an sp 3 hybridized carbon atom.
- hydrocarbon group examples include a C 2 to C 30 alkyl group, a C 3 to C 30 alkenyl group, a C 3 to C 30 alkynyl group, a C 5 to C 30 alkyl dienyl group, and a C 7 to C 30 aralkyl group.
- the “C 2 -C 30 alkyl group” represented by R is preferably a C 2 -C 15 alkyl group, more preferably a C 4 -C 12 alkyl group.
- alkyl groups include ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, octadecyl and the like. .
- the “C 3 -C 30 alkenyl group” represented by R is preferably a C 3 -C 15 alkenyl group, more preferably a C 4 -C 10 alkenyl group.
- alkenyl groups include 2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methylallyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 4-pentenyl and the like.
- the “C 3 -C 30 alkynyl group” represented by R is preferably a C 3 -C 15 alkynyl group, more preferably a C 4 -C 10 alkynyl group.
- Examples of the alkynyl group include 3-butynyl, 4-pentynyl and the like.
- the “C 5 -C 30 alkyldienyl group” represented by R is preferably a C 5 -C 15 alkyl dienyl group, more preferably a C 6 -C 10 alkyl dienyl group.
- Examples of the alkyldienyl group include 3,5-hexadienyl, cyclopentadienyl and the like.
- the “C 7 -C 30 aralkyl group” represented by R is preferably a C 7 -C 12 aralkyl group.
- aralkyl groups include benzyl, phenethyl, diphenylmethyl, triphenylmethyl, 1-naphthylmethyl, 2-naphthylmethyl, 2,2-diphenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 4-phenylbutyl, 5-phenylpentyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl and the like can be mentioned, and for example, 2,2-diphenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 4-phenylbutyl and 5-phenylpentyl are preferable.
- the “C 3 -C 30 cycloalkyl group” represented by R is preferably a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, bornyl, norbornyl, adamantyl, noradamantyl, norpinyl, decahydronaphthyl and the like.
- the “C 3 -C 30 cycloalkenyl group” represented by R is preferably a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group.
- Examples of cycloalkenyl groups include cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, norbornenyl, norbornadienyl and the like.
- the “(C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl) C 1 -C 15 alkyl group” represented by R is preferably a (C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl) C 1 -C 10 alkyl group. Specific examples thereof include (cyclopropyl) C 1 -C 3 alkyl, (cyclobutyl) C 1 -C 3 alkyl, (cyclopentyl) C 1 -C 3 alkyl, (cyclohexyl) C 1 -C 3 alkyl, (cycloheptyl) ) C 1 -C 3 alkyl, (adamantyl) C 1 -C 3 alkyl and the like.
- a group represented by —O— may be present between the carbon-carbon bonds of the hydrocarbon group represented by R. That is, the hydrocarbon group represented by R may contain one or more ether bonds.
- the hydrocarbon group represented by R may have a substituent.
- the substituent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the cross-coupling reaction.
- a halogen atom eg, F, Cl, Br, etc., particularly F
- an alkoxy group eg, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, etc.
- an aryl group eg, , phenyl, tolyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, monocyclic or polycyclic aryl group
- heteroaryl groups e.g., thienyl group of C 6 ⁇ C 20 such as terphenyl group, a furyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridyl Groups, pyrazinyl groups, pyrimidinyl groups, pyridazinyl groups, indolyl groups, quinolyl groups,
- substituents may be present at substitutable positions of the hydrocarbon group, for example, 1 to 4 or further 1 to 3 may be present. When the number of substituents is 2 or more, each substituent may be the same or different.
- X represents a halogen atom. Specifically, Cl, Br, I, etc., preferably Br.
- Ar ′ is an aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- Examples of the aryl group in the aryl group that may have a substituent represented by Ar ′ include 1 to 5 cyclic aryl groups. Specific examples include phenyl group, toluyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, phenanthryl group, fluorenyl group, tetracenyl, pentacenyl and the like.
- heteroaryl group in the optionally substituted heteroaryl group represented by Ar ′ for example, a heteroaryl group having at least one heteroatom selected from 1 to 4 cyclic oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur in the ring
- heteroaryl group having at least one heteroatom selected from 1 to 4 cyclic oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur in the ring Specific examples include thienyl group, furyl group, imidazolyl group, pyrazolyl group, pyridyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, indolyl group, quinolyl group, isoquinolyl group and the like.
- the aryl group or heteroaryl group may be substituted, and the substituent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the cross-coupling reaction of the present invention.
- substituents examples include a halogen atom (eg, F, Cl, Br, etc., particularly F), an alkoxy group (eg, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, etc.) ), Aryl groups (eg, C 6 -C 20 monocyclic or polycyclic aryl groups such as phenyl, toluyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl groups, etc.), aryloxy groups (eg, the formula: A group represented by the formula: —C ( ⁇ O) OR 20 , and R 20 represents a C 1 group, an aralkyloxy group (for example, a benzyloxy group, etc.), an ester group (for example, a formula: —C ( ⁇ O) OR 20 ).
- a halogen atom eg, F, Cl, Br, etc., particularly F
- an alkoxy group eg, C 1 -C
- Some hydroxy group optionally (e.g., formula: is a group represented by -OR 40, R 40 is H, alkylcarbonyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, an aralkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group or the like), trialkylsilyl group (e.g., trimethylsilyl , Dimethyl tert-butylsilyl, triethylsilyl, etc.), an acetal group (for example, a group represented by the formula: —CR 50 (OR 60 ) (OR 70 )), and R 50 may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- Good C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups, R 60 and R 70 are the same or different, and alkyl groups (eg, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, phenyl) a etc.), good .R 60 and also form a divalent alkylene radical of cross-linked to each other Examples of 70, a methyl group, an ethyl group and the like, in the case of cross-linked to each other, an ethylene group, trimethylene group and the like) and the like.
- alkyl groups eg, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, phenyl
- substituents may be present at the substitutable position of the aryl group or heteroaryl group, for example, 1 to 4 or further 1 to 3 may be present. When the number of substituents is 2 or more, each substituent may be the same or different.
- Y represents a halogen atom. Specifically, it is F, Cl, Br, I, etc., preferably Cl, Br or I, particularly Br.
- the iron compound is a divalent or trivalent iron salt or iron complex, preferably a trivalent iron salt.
- the iron salt or iron complex may be a solvate (for example, a hydrate).
- iron (II) halide FeX 1 2 : X 1 is a halogen atom, particularly Cl
- iron (III) halide FeX 1 3 : X 1 is a halogen atom, particularly Cl
- those Hydrates are preferred, especially iron (III) chloride (FeCl 3 ), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl 3 .6H 2 O), iron chloride (II) (FeCl 2 tetrahydrate) (FeCl 2 .4H 2 O) and the like are preferable.
- the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) acts as a ligand of the iron compound and promotes the cross coupling reaction.
- Q is 2 obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from an optionally substituted aryl ring or an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring. Is a valent group.
- aryl ring examples include C 6 -C 20 monocyclic or polycyclic aryl rings such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene.
- divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from the aryl ring include, for example, the formula:
- heteroaryl ring examples include C 4 to C 20 N such as thiophene, furan, imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, indole, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine, naphthyridine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, and the like.
- Examples thereof include a monocyclic or polycyclic heteroaryl group having a heteroatom selected from O and S.
- divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms (H) on adjacent carbon atoms from the heteroaryl ring include, for example, the formula:
- the aryl ring and heteroaryl ring may have a substituent, for example, an alkyl group (eg, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, etc.), an alkoxy group ( Examples thereof include C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, etc.).
- a substituent for example, an alkyl group (eg, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, etc.), an alkoxy group ( Examples thereof include C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, etc.).
- an alkyl group eg, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, etc.
- alkoxy group examples thereof include C 1 -C 6
- Ar represents the same or different aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent.
- heteroaryl group in the heteroaryl group which may have a substituent represented by Ar, for example, thiophene, furan, imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, indole, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine,
- Examples thereof include monocyclic or polycyclic (particularly 1 or bicyclic) heteroaryl groups having a heteroatom selected from C 4 to C 20 N, O and S such as naphthyridine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline and the like.
- a pyridyl group is preferable, and a 4-pyridyl group is particularly preferable.
- the aryl group or heteroaryl group may have a substituent at a substitutable position.
- substituents include halogen atoms (eg, F, Cl, Br, etc., particularly F), alkyl groups (eg, C 1 such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, etc.).
- alkoxy groups eg, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, etc.
- aryl groups eg, phenyl, toluyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, naphthyl, etc.
- an aralkyl group eg, benzyl, phenethyl, etc.
- an aryloxy group eg, a group represented by the formula: (the above aryl group) —O—)
- Aralkyloxy group eg benzyloxy group, etc.
- trialkylsilyl group eg trimethylsilyl, dimethyl tert-butyl) Silyl, triethylsilyl, etc.
- dialkylarylsilyl groups eg, dimethylphenylsilyl group, etc.
- Preferred substituents include C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl; C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy; phenyl, toluyl, C 6 -C 20 monocyclic or polycyclic aryl groups such as 2,6-dimethylphenyl and naphthyl; trialkyl (particularly tri-C 1 -C 6 alkyl) silyl such as trimethylsilyl, dimethyl tert-butylsilyl and triethylsilyl Group.
- C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl
- C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy
- substituents may be present at the substitutable position of the aryl group or heteroaryl group, for example, 1 to 4 or further 1 to 3 may be present. When the number of substituents is 2 or more, each substituent may be the same or different.
- R 1 is the same or different and represents H, F, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, a dialkylarylsilyl group, an alkyldiarylsilyl group, or a triarylsilyl group.
- N1 represents an integer of 1 to 5
- n2 represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- the group represented by these is mentioned. Specific examples of each substituent represented by R 1 can be selected from the above list.
- Preferred substituents represented by R 1 include C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl; C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and butoxy
- a C 6 -C 20 monocyclic or polycyclic aryl group such as phenyl, toluyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, naphthyl, etc .
- trialkyl such as trimethylsilyl, dimethyl tert-butylsilyl, triethylsilyl (especially tri-C 1- C 6 alkylsilyl group, etc.
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are the same or different and each represents H, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or a trialkylsilyl group. However, the case where all of R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are H is excluded. ] The group represented by these is mentioned. Specific examples of each substituent represented by R 11 , R 12 and R 13 can be selected from the above list.
- Preferred substituents represented by R 11 , R 12 and R 13 include C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl; C such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and butoxy. 1 -C 6 alkoxy group; trialkyl (particularly tri-C 1 -C 6 alkyl) silyl group such as trimethylsilyl, dimethyl tert-butylsilyl, triethylsilyl and the like.
- R 12 is H and R 11 and R 13 are C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups (especially tert-butyl) or tri-C 1 -C 6 alkylsilyl groups (especially trimethylsilyl).
- R 12 is a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, and R 11 and R 13 are H.
- R 110 and R 130 are the same or different and each represents a C 3 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or a tri (C 1 -C 6 ) alkylsilyl group. ] The group represented by these is mentioned.
- C 3 -C 6 alkyl groups include n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl and the like, and C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and the like, and tri (C 1 Examples of the —C 6 ) alkylsilyl group include trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl and the like.
- R 110 and R 130 are preferably tert-butyl or trimethylsilyl.
- Z represents —CH ⁇ or —N ⁇ .
- Z is —CH ⁇ .
- the group represented by these is mentioned.
- Particularly preferred Ar is
- Ar 1 is the same or different and has the formula:
- R 110 and R 130 are the same as described above.
- the compound represented by these is mentioned. Since the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4b) has a phenyl group having a bulky group at two meta positions on the phosphorus atom, the effect of promoting the cross-coupling reaction is extremely high. Therefore, the cross coupling reaction proceeds even with a smaller amount of catalyst, and the cross coupling compound can be obtained in a very high yield.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction of the present invention.
- the concentration of the compound represented by the general formula (2) is usually 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L, preferably 0.2 to 1.5 mol / L in the reaction solvent. Preferably, it can be adjusted to about 0.5 to 1.0 mol / L.
- the amount of the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) to be used is generally 1 to 3 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, more preferably 1.1 mol per 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). ⁇ 1.5 moles.
- the method of the present invention is efficient because the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) may be used in a stoichiometric amount with respect to the compound represented by the general formula (2). This is advantageous compared to a method in which the aromatic group involved in the cross-coupling reaction is wasted by one equivalent as in the case of using a zinc reagent as shown in Non-Patent Document 8.
- the amount of the iron compound used is 0.1 to 5 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 3 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mol%, based on 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). It is.
- the amount of the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) is usually 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.2 to 6 mol%, relative to 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). More preferably, it is 0.5 to 3 mol%.
- the molar ratio of the iron compound and the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) can usually be selected from the range of 1: 1 to 1: 3, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 2. Within this range, the cross-coupling reaction proceeds with good yield, and by-products can be suppressed.
- the iron compound is 0.1 to 5.0 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 3 mol%
- the bisphosphine compound is 0.1 to 10. 0 mol%, preferably 0.5-6 mol% is sufficient.
- Typical reaction operations in the production method of the present invention are represented by a catalyst (cross-coupling reaction catalyst) composed of an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) and a general formula (2).
- a method of adding the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) to the solution containing the compound (especially slowly dropping) is preferable.
- the above-mentioned catalyst for cross-coupling reaction is prepared by mixing an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) in the reaction system, and does not need to be isolated in particular.
- the iron compound and the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) are reacted to once form a complex (catalyst for cross-coupling reaction) and further isolated, and this is subjected to a cross-coupling reaction.
- the complex (catalyst for cross-coupling reaction) is usually an iron compound and a bis represented by the general formula (4) at 30 to 80 ° C. in a solvent (eg, an alcohol solvent such as ethanol).
- the phosphine compound can be produced, for example, by reacting at a molar ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.
- a scheme for producing a cross-coupling reaction catalyst represented by the general formula (5) from an iron halide and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) is shown below.
- X 1 represents a halogen atom, particularly Cl.
- p is 2 or 3, especially 2;
- q is 1, 2 or 3, especially 2.
- r is 1 or 2, especially 1.
- Q and Ar are the same as described above. ]
- FeCl 1 ⁇ L, FeCl 2 ⁇ L, FeCl 2 ⁇ L 2 , or FeCl 3 ⁇ L (wherein L is represented by the general formula (4)) A bisphosphine compound.) And the like, and FeCl 2 ⁇ L is preferable.
- the amount of the complex used is usually 0.1 to 5 with respect to 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2).
- the mol% preferably 0.1 to 3 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mol% may be used.
- a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) may be added as necessary. Thereby, by-products, such as an olefin body, can be suppressed.
- the molar ratio of the iron compound and the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4) in the reaction system is usually 1: 1 to 1: 3, preferably 1: 1 to What is necessary is just to adjust the addition amount of the bisphosphine compound represented by General formula (4) so that it may become the range of 1: 2.
- the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) has a corresponding general formula (3 ′): Ar'-Y (3 ') [Wherein Ar ′ and Y are the same as defined above. ] And magnesium (Mg) by a known method (see, for example, Experimental Chemistry Course 5th edition, Volume 18, pages 59-76, etc.).
- the solvent examples include ether solvents such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,4-dioxane, dimethoxyethane; benzene, toluene, xylene and the like Or a mixed solvent thereof. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is preferable.
- the concentration of the magnesium reagent solution is usually about 0.5 to 1.5 mol / L.
- the homocoupling of the magnesium reagents represented by the general formula (3) and the by-products such as olefins are suppressed, and the desired cross-coupling reaction product represented by the general formula (1) is collected.
- a method of slowly dropping the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) into a solution containing the cross-coupling reaction catalyst and the compound represented by the general formula (2) is suitable.
- the dropping speed depends on the scale of the reaction. For example, when the amount of the compound represented by the formula (2) in the reaction system is about 100 to 1000 mmol, the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) It is preferable to add the solution at a rate of about 0.5 to 50 mmol / min. When the amount of the compound represented by the above formula (2) is about 1 to 100 mmol, the magnesium reagent represented by the general formula (3) Is preferably added at a rate of about 0.005 to 5 mmol / min.
- the reaction is usually preferably carried out under anhydrous conditions and in an inert gas (eg, argon, nitrogen, etc.) atmosphere.
- the reaction temperature is usually ⁇ 10 ° C. to 80 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 60 ° C., more preferably 20 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction pressure is not particularly limited and is typically atmospheric pressure.
- the reaction solution is extracted by quenching with a protic solvent (eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.), and if necessary, column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration.
- a protic solvent eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.
- the target compound represented by the general formula (1) is obtained through a purification operation such as lysation.
- Second embodiment cross-coupling reaction using Zn, B or Al reagent
- the present invention provides a compound represented by the following general formula (2) in the presence of a catalyst for cross-coupling reaction consisting of an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) represented by the following formula:
- a catalyst for cross-coupling reaction consisting of an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) represented by the following formula:
- This is a method for producing an aromatic compound represented by the general formula (8) by reacting an organometallic reagent having a bond represented by the formula (9).
- Ar ′′ is an optionally substituted aryl group or an optionally substituted heteroaryl group.
- Mtl is zinc (Zn), boron (B) or aluminum (Al).
- R, X and Ar 1 are the same as above.
- R is a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and is represented by —O— between the carbon-carbon bonds of the hydrocarbon group. It may have a group.
- X represents a halogen atom. That is, R and X have the same meanings as R and X shown in “1. First Embodiment”.
- Ar ′′ is an aryl group which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent. , Which is synonymous with Ar ′ shown in “1. First Embodiment”.
- organometallic reagent represented by the general formula (9) examples include an organozinc reagent, an organoboron reagent, and an organoaluminum reagent. Specific examples of the reagent include the following.
- the organozinc reagent is not particularly limited as long as it is a reagent having an Ar ′′ -Zn bond.
- the following reagents can be selected.
- reagents include, for example, 1) M. Schlosser ed. 1999, 3) E. Erdik, Organozinc Reagents, Organic, Synthesis, CRC Press, New York, 1996, and the like.
- the organoboron reagent is not particularly limited as long as it has, for example, an Ar ′′ -B bond.
- the following reagents can be selected.
- the organoaluminum reagent is not particularly limited as long as it has, for example, an Ar ′′ -Al bond.
- the following reagents can be selected.
- the iron compound is a divalent or trivalent iron salt or iron complex, preferably a trivalent iron salt.
- the iron salt or iron complex may be a solvate (for example, a hydrate).
- iron (II) halide FeX 1 2 : X 1 is a halogen atom, particularly Cl
- iron (III) halide FeX 1 3 : X 1 is a halogen atom, particularly Cl
- those Hydrates are preferred, especially iron (III) chloride (FeCl 3 ), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl 3 .6H 2 O), iron chloride (II) (FeCl 2 tetrahydrate) (FeCl 2 .4H 2 O) and the like are preferable.
- Preferred examples of the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) include a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4b). Since there are bulky groups at the two meta positions, the effect of promoting the cross-coupling reaction is extremely high. For example, in the cross-coupling reaction using the compound represented by the general formula (4b), the reaction yield is extremely high as compared with the case of using 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) benzene. See, for example, Examples 5, 6, 10, 11, and 12.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction of the present invention.
- the concentration of the compound represented by the general formula (2) is usually 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L, preferably 0.2 to 1.5 mol / L in the reaction solvent. Preferably, it can be adjusted to about 0.5 to 1.0 mol / L.
- the amount of the organozinc reagent used is usually 1 to 3 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, more preferably 1.1 mol per mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2) in terms of the number of moles of zinc atoms. ⁇ 1.5 moles.
- the amount of the iron compound used is 0.1 to 5 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 3 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mol%, based on 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). It is.
- the amount of the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) is usually 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.2 to 6 mol%, relative to 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). More preferably, it is 0.5 to 3 mol%.
- the molar ratio of the iron compound and the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) can usually be selected from the range of 1: 1 to 1: 3, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 2.
- a method of adding a bisphosphine compound represented by general formula (4a), an iron compound, and a compound represented by general formula (2) to an organozinc reagent is preferred.
- the above-mentioned catalyst for cross-coupling reaction is prepared from an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) in the reaction system. Or you may use for reaction after forming both complex beforehand.
- the complex represented by General formula (5) is mentioned.
- the reaction is usually preferably carried out under anhydrous conditions and in an inert gas (eg, argon, nitrogen, etc.) atmosphere.
- the reaction temperature is usually ⁇ 10 ° C. to 80 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 60 ° C., more preferably 20 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction pressure is not particularly limited and is typically atmospheric pressure.
- reaction solution is extracted by quenching with a protic solvent (eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.), and if necessary, column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration.
- a protic solvent eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.
- column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration is obtained through a purification operation such as lysation.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction of the present invention.
- the concentration of the compound represented by the general formula (2) is usually 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L, preferably 0.2 to 1.5 mol / L in the reaction solvent. Preferably, it can be adjusted to about 0.5 to 1.0 mol / L.
- the amount of the organic boron reagent used is usually 1 to 3 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, more preferably 1.1 mol per mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2) in terms of mol of boron atom. ⁇ 1.5 moles.
- the amount of the iron compound used is 0.1 to 5 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 3 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mol%, based on 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). It is.
- the amount of the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) is usually 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.2 to 6 mol%, relative to 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). More preferably, it is 0.5 to 3 mol%.
- the molar ratio of the iron compound and the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) can usually be selected from the range of 1: 1 to 1: 3, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 2.
- a typical reaction operation in the production method of the present invention includes an organoboron reagent and, if necessary, a nucleophile capable of nucleophilic reaction with a boron atom to form an art complex (for example, n-butyllithium, tert- A method of adding a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a), an iron compound, and a compound represented by the general formula (2) to the organoboron ate complex obtained by making butyllithium or the like) is preferable.
- organoboron ate complex examples include organoboron reagents represented by the above formulas (9d) to (9e), nucleophiles such as tert-butyllithium, and magnesium halide (MgX 3 2 ; X 3 as necessary).
- the nucleophile is usually about 1 to 1.5 moles per mole of organoboron reagent.
- Magnesium halide is usually about 0.1 to 1.5 moles per mole of organoboron reagent.
- the above-mentioned catalyst for cross-coupling reaction is prepared from an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) in the reaction system. Or you may use for reaction after forming both complex beforehand.
- the complex represented by General formula (5) is mentioned.
- the reaction is usually preferably carried out under anhydrous conditions and in an inert gas (eg, argon, nitrogen, etc.) atmosphere.
- the reaction temperature is usually ⁇ 10 ° C. to 80 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 60 ° C., more preferably 20 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction pressure is not particularly limited and is typically atmospheric pressure.
- reaction solution is extracted by quenching with a protic solvent (eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.), and if necessary, column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration.
- a protic solvent eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.
- column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration is obtained through a purification operation such as lysation.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction of the present invention.
- the concentration of the compound represented by the general formula (2) is usually 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L, preferably 0.2 to 1.5 mol / L in the reaction solvent. Preferably, it can be adjusted to about 0.5 to 1.0 mol / L.
- the amount of the organoaluminum reagent used is usually 1 to 3 moles, preferably 1 to 2 moles, more preferably 1.1 moles per mole of the compound represented by the general formula (2) in terms of moles of aluminum atoms. ⁇ 1.5 moles.
- the amount of the iron compound used is 0.1 to 5 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 3 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mol%, based on 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). It is.
- the amount of the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) is usually 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.2 to 6 mol%, relative to 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (2). More preferably, it is 0.5 to 3 mol%.
- the molar ratio of the iron compound and the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) can usually be selected from the range of 1: 1 to 1: 3, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 2.
- a method of adding a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a), an iron compound, and a compound represented by the general formula (2) to the organoaluminum reagent is preferred.
- the above-mentioned catalyst for cross-coupling reaction is prepared from an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4a) in the reaction system. Or you may use for reaction after forming both complex beforehand.
- the complex represented by General formula (5) is mentioned.
- the reaction is usually preferably carried out under anhydrous conditions and in an inert gas (eg, argon, nitrogen, etc.) atmosphere.
- the reaction temperature is usually ⁇ 10 ° C. to 80 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 60 ° C., more preferably 20 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction pressure is not particularly limited and is typically atmospheric pressure.
- reaction solution is extracted by quenching with a protic solvent (eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.), and if necessary, column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration.
- a protic solvent eg, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.
- column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration is obtained through a purification operation such as lysation.
- the bisphosphine compound represented by General formula (4) used as a ligand of an iron compound in this invention can be manufactured as follows, for example.
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are the same as above.
- the compound shown by these is preferable.
- Ar is a substituted phenyl group (the group on the left), two of R 11 , R 12 and R 13 on the phenyl group are H, and the remaining one is a methyl, ethyl or propyl group. Except for cases, it is a novel compound.
- R 12 is H and R 11 and R 13 are C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups or trialkylsilyl groups, the effect of promoting the cross-coupling reaction using an iron compound is great.
- a compound represented by the general formula (4a) is preferable, and a compound represented by the general formula (4b) is more preferable.
- X 2 is a halogen atom such as F, Cl, Br, or I, and preferably Cl.
- Y 1 is a halogen atom such as Cl, Br, or I, preferably Cl or Br, more preferably Cl.
- the compound represented by the general formula (6) is reacted with the metal reagent represented by the general formula (7) to obtain the bisphosphine compound represented by the general formula (4).
- reaction solvent examples include ether solvents such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,4-dioxane and dimethoxyethane; benzene, toluene, xylene and the like Or a mixed solvent thereof. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is preferable.
- concentration of the magnesium reagent solution is usually about 0.5 to 1.5 mol / L.
- the amount of the metal reagent represented by the general formula (7) to be used is usually 4 to 12 mol, preferably 6 to 9 mol per 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (6).
- M is Li
- the metal reagent represented by the general formula (7) is, for example, according to the description in Experimental Chemistry Course 5th edition, Volume 18, pages 8 to 58
- M is MgY 1 (Grineer reagent ),
- M can be produced according to the description of Experimental Chemistry Course 5th edition, Volume 18, pages 59-76.
- the reaction is usually preferably carried out under anhydrous conditions and in an inert gas (eg, argon, nitrogen, etc.) atmosphere.
- the reaction temperature is usually ⁇ 100 ° C. to 80 ° C., preferably ⁇ 80 ° C. to 30 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 80 ° C. to 0 ° C. when the metal reagent represented by the general formula (7) is added. is there. Thereafter, if necessary, the reaction solution can be heated to about 0 ° C. to 100 ° C. for further reaction.
- the reaction pressure is not particularly limited and is typically atmospheric pressure.
- the reaction solution is extracted by quenching with a protic solvent (for example, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.), and if necessary, through purification operations such as column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration, etc.
- a protic solvent for example, water, aqueous ammonium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.
- purification operations such as column chromatography, distillation, recrystallization, trituration, etc.
- a bisphosphine compound may be denoted as L (ligand).
- Production Example 2 1,2-bis (bis (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphino) benzene 1,2-bis (dichlorophosphino) benzene (0.96 g, 3.43 mmol) as a starting material, and p-methoxyphenylmagnesium
- the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Production Example 1 using a THF solution of bromide (30.0 mL, 0.88 M, 26.40 mmol). The reaction was allowed to react overnight at 40 ° C. After purification, the title compound was obtained as a white powder (1.53 g, 79% yield).
- Production Example 1 1,2-bis (bis (2-methylphenyl) phosphino) benzene 1,2-bis (dichlorophosphino) benzene (0.94 g, 3.36 mmol) as a starting material, and o-methylphenylmagnesium
- the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Production Example 1 using a THF solution of bromide (26.6 mL, 0.80 M, 27.40 mmol). The reaction was allowed to react overnight at 60 ° C. After purification, the title compound was obtained as a white powder (0.84 g, yield 50%).
- Production Example 4 1,5 -bis (bis (3,5-dimethylphenyl) phosphino) benzene magnesium (1.07 g, 44.03 mmol) and THF (30 mL) under argon atmosphere, 3,5-dimethylbromobenzene (5.54 g, 29.93 mmol) was added dropwise. Using a THF solution of 3,5-dimethylphenylmagnesium bromide obtained by cooling the reaction solution to ambient temperature and filtering, and 1,2-bis (dichlorophosphino) benzene (0.95 g, 3.39 mmol). The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Production Example 1. The reaction was allowed to react overnight at 60 ° C.
- Production Example 5 1,2-Bis (bis (3,5-diisopropylphenyl) phosphino) benzene magnesium (0.48 g, 19.75 mmol) and THF (7 mL) under argon atmosphere, 3,5-diisopropylbromobenzene (3.04 g, 12.60 mmol) was added dropwise. After completion of dropping, the mixture was heated to reflux for 1 hour. The reaction solution was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, using 3,5-diisopropylphenylmagnesium bromide in THF and 1,2-bis (dichlorophosphino) benzene (0.45 g, 1.61 mmol). The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Production Example 1.
- Production Example 8 1,5 -bis (bis (3,5- ditrimethylsilylphenyl) phosphino) benzenemagnesium (0.31 g, 12.76 mmol) and THF (7 mL) under argon atmosphere, 3,5-ditrimethylsilyl Bromobenzene (2.51 g, 8.33 mmol) was added dropwise. After completion of dropping, the mixture was heated at 40 ° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered, using 3,5-ditrimethylsilylphenylmagnesium bromide in THF and 1,2-bis (dichlorophosphino) benzene (0.37 g, 1.32 mmol).
- Production Example 9 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) benzene A product manufactured by Aldrich was used as the compound. CAS number 13991-08-7.
- Example 1 Iron chloride 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene complex (FeCl 2 ⁇ L) 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene (1.00 g) in FeCl 2 .4H 2 O (0.22 g, 1.11 mmol) and ethanol (25 mL) under an argon atmosphere. , 1.12 mmol) was added. The following operations were also performed in an argon atmosphere. The reaction was carried out at 90 ° C. for 6 hours. The reaction was cooled to ambient temperature and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure.
- FIG. 1 shows the structure (ORTEP) obtained by X-ray analysis of the compound.
- 1 H NMR (C 4 D 8 O) ⁇ ⁇ 5.83 (brs, 6H), ⁇ 1.19 to 2.56 (brs, 74H), 4.54 (brs, 4H), 7.08-7. 76 (m, 2H), 15.34 (brs, 2H);
- FIG. 3 shows the structure (ORTEP) determined by X-ray analysis of the compound.
- 1 H NMR (CDCl 3 ) ⁇ -5.62 (brs, 6H), -1.66 (brs, 26H), 3.22 (brs, 2H), 7.00 (m, 2H), 14.92 ( brs, 2H);
- Example 2 Cross-coupling reaction Iron chloride • 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene complex (FeCl 2 ⁇ L) obtained in Example 1 (1), chloride Table 2 shows bromocycloheptane and phenylmagnesium bromide using iron (FeCl 3 ) and 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene ligand (L). It was made to react on condition of this. The products and their yields are shown in Table 2. The yield was determined by using undecane as an internal standard from GC.
- bromocycloheptane was added at 0 ° C. in an argon atmosphere to a THF solution containing FeCl 2 ⁇ L or FeCl 3 and L as necessary. Further, THF was added to rinse the inner wall of the reaction vessel. A THF solution of phenylmagnesium bromide was added dropwise to the mixture at 25 ° C. using a syringe pump over 20 minutes, and the mixture was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 10 minutes to be reacted.
- Example 3 Cross-coupling reaction (effect of ligand) Using the ligands obtained in Production Examples 1 to 9 and iron chloride (FeCl 3 ), a THF solution of bromocycloheptane and phenylmagnesium bromide was reacted under the conditions described in Table 3. The products and their yield are shown in Table 3. The yield was determined by using undecane as an internal standard from GC.
- bromocycloheptane was added at 0 ° C. under an argon atmosphere to a THF solution containing FeCl 3 and various ligands as required. Further, THF was added to rinse the inner wall of the reaction vessel. A THF solution of phenylmagnesium bromide was added dropwise to the mixture at 25 ° C. using a syringe pump over 20 minutes, and the mixture was further stirred at 25 ° C. for 10 minutes to be reacted.
- Example 4 Cross-coupling reaction
- Entry 1 Preparation of cyclohexylbenzene Iron chloride • 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene complex (FeCl 2 ⁇ L) (2 0.5 mg, 2.5 ⁇ mol), 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene (L) (2.2 mg, 2.5 ⁇ mol) and bromocyclohexane (81.5 mg, 0.8 ⁇ mol). 5 mmol) was added at 0 ° C. under an argon atmosphere. The following operations were also performed in an argon atmosphere.
- Example 5 Cross-coupling reaction (organozinc reagent) To a solution of zinc chloride ZnCl 2 (81.8 mg, 0.60 mmol) in THF 0.6 ml at 0 ° C., 1.14 M phenylmagnesium bromide in THF (1.05 mL, 1.2 mmol), 1,2-bis (bis (3 5-ditrimethylsilylphenyl) phosphino) benzene [3,5- (TMS) 2 ] -DPPBz (4.5 mg, 50 ⁇ mol), bromocycloheptane (88.7 mg, 0.50 mmol), and undecane (46.9 mg, 0.30 mmol) added.
- organozinc reagent To a solution of zinc chloride ZnCl 2 (81.8 mg, 0.60 mmol) in THF 0.6 ml at 0 ° C., 1.14 M phenylmagnesium bromide in THF (1.05 mL, 1.2 mmol), 1,
- Entry 1 was reacted in the same manner as above except that no ligand was used.
- Entries 2 and 3 are 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) benzene (DPPBz) and 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene ([3 , 5- (t-Bu) 2 )]-DPPBz) was used in the same manner as described above.
- Example 6 Cross-coupling reaction (organoboron reagent) To a 2.5 ml THF solution of phenylboronic acid pinacol ester (204.1 mg, 1.0 mmol), a THF solution of 1.62 M t-BuLi in pentane (0.58 ml, 0.95 mmol) was added at ⁇ 40 ° C. The reaction solution was stirred at ⁇ 40 ° C. for 30 minutes and then stirred at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure at 0 ° C. The remaining white crystals of lithium t-butyl borate were dissolved in 1.5 ml of THF at 0 ° C.
- the coupling reaction was performed at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a part of the reaction solution was taken out, and the yield of the product was measured by gas chromatography (GC) using undecane as an internal standard. The yield was 95%. The result is shown in entry 7 of Table 6.
- Entry 1 was reacted in the same manner as above except that no ligand was used.
- Entries 2 and 3 use 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) benzene (DPPBz) in place of the ligand [3,5- (t-Bu) 2 ] DPPBz and are each 5 to bromocycloheptane.
- DPPBz 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) benzene
- the reaction was carried out in the same manner as above except that mol% and 10 mol% were used.
- Entry 4 uses 1,2-bis (bis (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphino) benzene ([4-MeO] -DPPBz) instead of the ligand [3,5- (t-Bu) 2 ] -DPPBz
- the reaction was carried out in the same manner as above except that was used.
- Entries 5 and 6 replace 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditrimethylsilylphenyl) phosphino) benzene ([3,5- (t-Bu) 2 ] -DPPBz with [3,5- (t-Bu) 2 ] -DPPBz.
- 5- (TMS) 2 ] -DPPBz was used, and the reaction was carried out in the same manner as above except that 5 mol% and 10 mol% were used with respect to bromocycloheptane, respectively.
- Entry 8 was reacted in the same manner as described above except that 10 mol% of ligand [3,5- (t-Bu) 2 ] -DPPBz was used with respect to bromocycloheptane.
- Example 7 Cross-coupling reaction (organoboron reagent) One equivalent of t-BuLi (1.62 M in pentane) was added to a THF solution of phenylboronic acid pinacol ester at 0 ° C. The reaction solution was stirred at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The remaining white crystals of lithium t-butyl borate were dissolved in THF and recrystallized from THF / hexane. The resulting white crystals were collected and dissolved in THF under an argon atmosphere. This solution can be stored at 0 ° C. for several weeks without degradation. The concentration was determined by NMR using mesitylene as an internal standard.
- the coupling reaction was performed at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a part of the reaction solution was taken out, and the yield of the product was measured by gas chromatography (GC) using undecane as an internal standard. The result is shown in entry 2 of Table 7.
- Entry 1 is an iron chloride, 1,2-bis (bis (3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphino) benzene complex (FeCl 2 [3,5- (t-Bu) 2 ]]-DPPBz complex) Instead, the reaction was carried out in the same manner as above except that iron chloride / [1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) benzene] 2 complex (FeCl 2 ⁇ L 2 ) was used.
- Example 8 Cross-coupling reaction (organoboron reagent) 1.80 M t-BuLi in pentane (0.78 ml, 1.40 mmol) was added to a 5.0 ml THF solution of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid pinacol ester (351.2 mg, 1.5 mmol) at ⁇ 40 ° C. The reaction solution was stirred at ⁇ 40 ° C. for 30 minutes and then stirred at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure at 0 ° C. The remaining white crystals of lithium t-butyl borate were dissolved in 2.4 ml of THF at 0 ° C.
- Example 9 Cross-coupling reaction (organoboron reagent) Bromocycloheptane (89.2 mg, 0.50 mmol) and 3,4,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid pinacol ester (193.5 mg, 0.75 mmol) were used as starting materials at ⁇ 78 ° C. at 1.80 M t-BuLi in The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 8 except that pentane (0.39 ml, 0.70 mmol) was added. 1 H NMR analysis was performed (94% yield) using pyrazine (11.7 mg, 0.15 mmol) as an internal standard.
- Example 10 Cross-coupling reaction (organoaluminum reagent) To a 0.6 mL THF solution of aluminum chloride AlCl 3 (80.0 mg, 0.60 mmol), a THF solution (1.10 mL, 2.40 mmol) of 1.64 M phenylmagnesium chloride was added at 0 ° C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
- Example 11 Cross-coupling reaction (organoaluminum reagent) In the same manner as in entry 5 of Example 10, the following reaction was performed. Yields of entries 1 and 2 were measured by 1 H-NMR using 1,1,2,2, -tetrachloroethane as an internal standard. The yield of entry 3 was measured by 1 H-NMR using pyrazine as an internal standard.
- Example 12 Cross-coupling reaction (organoaluminum reagent) In the same manner as in entry 5 of Example 10, the following reaction was performed. Yields of entries 1 and 2 were measured by 1 H-NMR using 1,1,2,2, -tetrachloroethane as an internal standard. The yield of entry 3 was obtained by isolating the target compound after column chromatography.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
R-Ar’ (1)
[式中、Rは、置換基を有してもよい炭化水素基であり、該炭化水素基の炭素-炭素結合の間に-O-で示される基を有してもよく、Ar’は、置換基を有してもよいアリール基又は置換基を有してもよいヘテロアリール基である。]
で表される芳香族化合物の製造方法であって、鉄化合物及び一般式(4):
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物からなるクロスカップリング反応用触媒の存在下、一般式(2):
R-X (2)
[式中、Xはハロゲン原子を示し、Rは前記に同じ。]
で表される化合物と、一般式(3):
Ar’-MgY (3)
[式中、Yはハロゲン原子を示し、Ar’は前記に同じ。]
で表されるマグネシウム試薬を反応させることを特徴とする製造方法。
で表される基である項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
で表される基である項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物からなる触媒。
で表される基である項7に記載の触媒。
で表される基である項7に記載の触媒。
で表される錯体。
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物。
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物の製造方法であって、一般式(6):
で表される化合物に、一般式(7):
Ar-M (7)
[式中、MはLi又は式:MgY1で示される基であり、Y1はハロゲン原子を示す。Arは前記に同じ。]
で表される金属試薬を反応させることを特徴とする製造方法。
R-Ar” (8)
[式中、Rは、置換基を有してもよい炭化水素基であり、該炭化水素基の炭素-炭素結合の間に-O-で示される基を有してもよく、Ar”は、置換基を有してもよいアリール基又は置換基を有してもよいヘテロアリール基である。]
で表される芳香族化合物の製造方法であって、鉄化合物及び一般式(4a):
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物からなるクロスカップリング反応用触媒の存在下、一般式(2):
R-X (2)
[式中、Xはハロゲン原子を示し、Rは前記に同じ。]
で表される化合物と、一般式(9):
Ar”-Mtl (9)
[式中、Mtlは亜鉛(Zn)、ホウ素(B)又はアルミニウム(Al)を示し、Ar”は前記に同じ。]
で表される結合を有する有機金属試薬を反応させることを特徴とする製造方法。
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物である項16に記載の製造方法。
本発明は、下記式で示される、鉄化合物(又は鉄触媒)及び一般式(4)で表されるビスホスフィン化合物からなるクロスカップリング反応用触媒の存在下、一般式(2)で表される化合物と、一般式(3)で表されるマグネシウム試薬を反応させて、一般式(1)で表される芳香族化合物を製造する方法である。
一般式(1)及び(2)で表される化合物において、Rは、置換基を有してもよい炭化水素基であり、該炭化水素基の炭素-炭素結合の間に-O-で示される基を有してもよい。
で表される基が挙げられる。R1で示される各置換基の具体例は、上記列挙した中から選択することができる。好ましいR1で示される置換基としては、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、tert-ブチル等のC1~C6アルキル基;メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、ブトキシ等のC1~C6アルコキシ基;フェニル、トルイル、2,6-ジメチルフェニル、ナフチル等のC6~C20の単環又は多環のアリール基;トリメチルシリル、ジメチルtert-ブチルシリル、トリエチルシリル等のトリアルキル(特に、トリC1~C6アルキルシリル基等である。n1が2~5の整数又はn2が2~4の整数の時、R1は同一又は異なっていてもよい。特に、n1=2又はn2=2であり、R1がC1~C6アルキル基(特に、tert-ブチル、イソプロピル)、トリC1~C6アルキルシリル基(特に、トリメチルシリル)が好適である。また、n1=1であり、R1がC1~C6アルコキシ基が好適である。n1は1~3の整数が好ましく、1又は2がより好ましい。n2は1~3の整数が好ましく、2がより好ましい。
で表される基が挙げられる。R11、R12及びR13で示される各置換基の具体例は、上記列挙した中から選択することができる。好ましいR11、R12及びR13で示される置換基としては、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、tert-ブチル等のC1~C6アルキル基;メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、ブトキシ等のC1~C6アルコキシ基;トリメチルシリル、ジメチルtert-ブチルシリル、トリエチルシリル等のトリアルキル(特に、トリC1~C6アルキル)シリル基等である。特に好ましくは、R12がHであり、R11及びR13がC1~C6アルキル基(特に、tert-ブチル)又はトリC1~C6アルキルシリル基(特に、トリメチルシリル)である。また、R12がC1~C6アルコキシ基であり、R11及びR13がHである。
で表される基が挙げられる。
で表される基が挙げられる。特に好ましいArとしては、
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物が挙げられる。一般式(4a)で表されるビスホスフィン化合物は、リン原子上に嵩高い置換フェニル基を有するため、クロスカップリング反応の促進効果が高い。
で表される化合物が挙げられる。上記の一般式(4b)で表されるビスホスフィン化合物は、リン原子上に、2つのメタ位に嵩高い基を有するフェニル基を有するため、クロスカップリング反応の促進効果が極めて高い。そのため、より少ない触媒量でもクロスカップリング反応が進行し、非常に高い収率でクロスカップリング化合物を得ることができる。
Ar’-Y (3’)
[式中、Ar’及びYは前記に同じ。]
で表される化合物とマグネシウム(Mg)から、公知の方法(例えば、実験化学講座第5版,18巻,59~76ページ等を参照)により調製される。溶媒としては、例えば、ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、tert-ブチルメチルエーテル、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)、1,4-ジオキサン、ジメトキシエタン等のエーテル系溶媒;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶媒;又はこれらの混合溶媒等が用いられる。好ましくは、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)である。該マグネシウム試薬の溶液の濃度は、通常0.5~1.5モル/L程度であればよい。
本発明は、下記式で示される、鉄化合物及び一般式(4a)で表されるビスホスフィン化合物からなるクロスカップリング反応用触媒の存在下、一般式(2)で表される化合物と、一般式(9)で表される結合を有する有機金属試薬を反応させて、一般式(8)で表される芳香族化合物を製造する方法である。
一般式(2)及び(8)で表される化合物において、Rは置換基を有してもよい炭化水素基であり、該炭化水素基の炭素-炭素結合の間に-O-で示される基を有してもよい。Xはハロゲン原子を示す。即ち、R及びXは、前記「1.第1の実施態様」において示したR及びXと同義である。
(Ar”)2Zn・2MgX’2 (9b)
Ar”ZnX’・MgX’2 (9c)
[式中、X’はハロゲン原子を示し、2つのX’を含む場合X’は同一または異なってもよい。Ar”は前記に同じであり、2つのAr”を含む場合Ar”は同一または異なってもよい。]
[式中、R8はC1~C6アルキル基、kは1、2又は3を示し、Ar”は前記に同じ。]
これらの試薬は、例えば、M. Schlosser ed. “Organometallics in Synthesis, A Manual” second edition, Wiley, Weinheim, 2002等の記載に準じて容易に調製することができる。
(Ar”)mAl(R9)3-m・MgX’2 (9g)
[式中、R9はC1~C6アルキル基、X’はハロゲン原子、mは1、2又は3を示し、Ar”は前記に同じ。]
本発明で鉄化合物の配位子として用いられる、一般式(4)で表されるビスホスフィン化合物は、例えば、次のようにして製造することができる。
一般式(6)において、Qは上記したものが挙げられる。好ましくは、式:
で示される化合物が好ましい。このうち、Arが置換フェニル基(上記左の基)であり、該フェニル基上のR11、R12及びR13のうち2つがHであり、かつ残りの1つがメチル、エチル又はプロピル基の場合を除いたものは新規な化合物である。
1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(0.96g、3.43mmol)及びTHF(20mL)の混合物に、アルゴン雰囲気下、-78℃で、p-フルオロフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(26.6mL、1.03M、27.40mmol)を添加した。室温に昇温後、60℃で終夜反応させた。周囲温度まで冷却し、溶媒を減圧下に除去した後、CH2Cl2(30mL)を添加した。反応混合物に、1N塩酸水溶液(20mL)を添加し、CH2Cl2を用いて水層を3回抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物中に含まれる水分を硫酸マグネシウムで除去し、濾過した。溶媒を減圧下に除去した後、得られる黄色の油状物質にメタノールを用いてトリチュレーションすることで白色粉末を生成させ、2回メタノールで洗浄し、白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(1.10g、収率62%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 6.90-6.96(m,8H),6.99-7.03(m,2H),7.04-7.14(m,8H),7.28-7.32(m,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ 115.6(dt,J=4.0,20.8Hz,8C),129.3(2C),131.9(d,J=2.3Hz,4C),133.8(dd,J=3.1,3.5Hz,2C),135.7(dt,J=8.0,10.8Hz,8C),143.2(dd,J=9.7,10.0Hz,2C),163.2(d,J=247.6Hz,4C);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -17.6.;Anal.calcd for C30H20F4P2;C,69.50;H,3.89.found C,69.77;H,4.08.
出発物質として1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(0.96g、3.43mmol)、及びp-メトキシフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(30.0mL、0.88M、26.40mmol)を用いて、製造例1と同様にして反応させた。反応は40℃で終夜反応させた。精製後、白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(1.53g、収率79%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 3.77(brs,12H),6.71(brs,4H),6.75(brs,4H),7.00-7.09(m,10H),7.21-7.26(m,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ 55.0(4C),113.9(dd,J=4.0Hz,8C),128.0(4C),128.5(2C),133.6(dd,J=3.1Hz,2C)135.4(dd,J=10.8Hz,8C),144.2(dd,J=9.4Hz,2C),159.7(4C);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -18.7.;Anal.calcd for C34H20O4P2;C,72.08;H,5.67.found C,71.91;H,5.75.
出発物質として1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(0.94g、3.36mmol)、及びo-メチルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(26.6mL、0.80M、27.40mmol)を用いて、製造例1と同様にして反応させた。反応は60℃で終夜反応させた。精製後、白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(0.84g、収率50%)。
1H NMR (CDCl3) d 2.20 (brs, 12H), 6.74 (dd, J = 1.5, 7.8 Hz, 4H), 6.93 (dq, J = 3.6, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 7.00 (dt, J = 1.2, 7.5 Hz, 4H), 7.15 (dt, J = 1.2, 7.5 Hz, 4H), 7.17 (dq, J = 1.5, 7.8 Hz, 4H), 7.23 (dd, J = 3.6, 5.7 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (CDCl3) d 21.1 (dd, J = 10.9 Hz, 4C), 125.7 (4C), 128.3 (4C), 129.1 (2C), 129.8 (dd, J = 2.3 Hz, 4C), 133.5 (4C), 133.8 (dd, J = 3.2 Hz, 2C), 135.3 (dd, J = 3.1 Hz, 4C), 142.6 (dd, J = 13.1 Hz, 4C), 142.8 (dd, J = 12.2 Hz, 2C); 31P NMR (CDCl3) d -28.5.
マグネシウム(1.07g、44.03mmol)及びTHF(30mL)に、アルゴン雰囲気下、3,5-ジメチルブロモベンゼン(5.54g、29.93mmol)を滴下した。反応液を周囲温度まで冷却し、濾過して得られる3,5-ジメチルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液、及び1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(0.95g、3.39mmol)を用いて、製造例1と同様にして反応させた。反応は60℃で終夜反応させた。精製後、白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(1.45g、収率76%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 2.18(brs,24H),6.78(brs,8H),6.86(brs,4H),7.06-7.13(m,2H),7.24-7.26(m,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ 21.3(8C),128.7(2C),130.0(4C),131.6(dd,J=10.0、10.2Hz,8C),134.0(dd,2.9,3.2Hz,2C),137.0(dd,J=2.6Hz,4C),137.4(dd,J=3.7Hz,8C),144.1(dd,J=10.0,10.2Hz,2C);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -15.0.;Anal.calcd for C38H16P2;C,81.69;H,7.22.found C,81.40;H,7.22.
マグネシウム(0.48g、19.75mmol)及びTHF(7mL)に、アルゴン雰囲気下、3,5-ジイソプロピルブロモベンゼン(3.04g、12.60mmol)を滴下した。滴下終了後、1時間加熱還流した。反応液を周囲温度まで冷却し、濾過して得られる3,5-ジイソプロピルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液、及び1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(0.45g、1.61mmol)を用いて、製造例1と同様にして反応させた。反応は60℃で終夜反応させた。精製後、黄色の油状物質として標題化合物を得た(1.18g、収率74%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 1.11(s,24H),1.14(s,24H),2.69-2.79(m,8H),6.86-6.89(m,8H),6.94(brs,12H),7.01-7.09(m,2H),7.22-7.26(m,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ 23.9(8C),24.0(8C),34.0(8C),124.4(4C),128.6(2C),129.4(dd,J=9.9Hz,8C),133.8(t,J=2.8,2.9Hz,2C),137.5(dd,J=2.9Hz,4C),144.6(dd,J=10.2,10.3Hz,2C),148.2(dd,J=3.2,3.4Hz,8C);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -12.8.
マグネシウム(1.70g、69.96mmol)及びTHF(50mL)に、アルゴン雰囲気下、3,5-ジターシャリブチルブロモベンゼン(12.50g、46.43mmol)を滴下した。滴下終了後、1時間加熱還流した。反応液を周囲温度まで冷却し、濾過しで得られる3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液、及び1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(2.00g、7.15mmol)を用いて、製造例1と同様にして反応させた。反応は60℃で終夜反応させた。精製後、白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(4.66g、収率73%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 1.18(brs,72H),7.00-7.07(m,10H),7.21-7.24(m,2H),7.27-7.30(m,4H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ 31.4(24C),34.8(8C),121.9(4C),128.0(dd,J=10.0Hz,8C),128.5(2C),133.8(2C),137.0(dd,J=2.6Hz,4C),144.8(dd,J=10.0,10.2Hz,2C),150.0(dd,J=3.2,3.5Hz,8C);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -11.4.;Anal.calcd for C62H88P2;C,83.17;H,9.91.found C,83.17;H,9.92.
)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン
マグネシウム(0.28g、11.52mmol)及びTHF(10mL)に、アルゴン雰囲気下、1-ブロモ-3,5-ビス(2,6-ジメチルフェニル)ベンゼン(2.74g、7.50mmol)を滴下した。滴下終了後、1時間加熱還流した。反応液を周囲温度まで冷却し、濾過して得られる1-(3,5-ビス(2,6-ジメチルフェニル))マグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液、及び1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(0.28g、1.00mmol)を用いて、製造例1と同様にして反応させた。反応は60℃で終夜反応させた。精製後、黄色粉末として標題化合物を得た(0.70g、収率62%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 1.90(brs,48H),6.66-7.51(m,40H);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -11.8.
マグネシウム(0.31g、12.76mmol)及びTHF(7mL)に、アルゴン雰囲気下、3,5-ジトリメチルシリルブロモベンゼン(2.51g、8.33mmol)を滴下した。滴下終了後、40℃で、1.5時間加熱した。反応液を周囲温度まで冷却し、濾過して得られる3,5-ジトリメチルシリルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液、及び1,2-ビス(ジクロロホスフィノ)ベンゼン(0.37g、1.32mmol)を用いて、製造例1と同様にして反応させた。反応は60℃で終夜反応させた。精製後、白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(0.84g、収率62%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 0.13(brs,72H),7.03-7.09(m,2H),7.25-7.29(m,10H),7.54(brs,4H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ -1.1(24C),128.8(2C),133.9(2C),136.0(dd,J=4.0Hz,4C),137.8(4C),138.9(dd,J=2.3Hz,8C),139.1(dd,J=9.4,9.7Hz,8C),144.0(dd,J=10.0,10.1Hz,2C);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -13.7;Anal.calcd for C54H88P2Si8;C,63.34;H,8.66.found C,63.50;H,8.71.
本化合物はアルドリッチ社製の製品を用いた。CAS番号13991-08-7。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 7.24-7.34(m,20H),7.63-7.66(m,2H),7.89-7.93(m,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ 128.1(dd,J=3.7,3.8Hz,8C),128.7(4C),129.7(2C),129.9(2C),134.6(dd,J=10.2,10.3Hz,8C),135.6(4C),142.2(2C),163.8(dd,J=9.2,10.2Hz,2C);31P NMR(CDCl3)δ -10.7.;Anal.calcd for C32H24N2P2;C,77.10;H,4.85;N,5.62.found C,77.32;H,4.94;N,5.57.
(1)塩化鉄・1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン錯体(FeCl2・L)
FeCl2・4H2O(0.22g、1.11mmol)及びエタノール(25mL)に、アルゴン雰囲気下、1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン(1.00g、1.12mmol)を添加した。以下の操作もアルゴン雰囲気下で行った。90℃で6時間反応させた。反応液を周囲温度まで冷却し、溶媒を減圧下に除去した。エタノールを用いて得られる白色粉末を3回洗浄し、濾過した後、減圧下で乾燥した。白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(0.70g、収率61%)。図1に該化合物のX線解析によって求められた構造(ORTEP)を示す。
1H NMR(C4D8O)δ -5.83(brs,6H),-1.19-2.56(brs,74H),4.54(brs,4H),7.08-7.76(m,2H),15.34(brs,2H);Anal.calcd for C62H88Cl2FeP2;C,72.86;H,8.68.found C,72.60;H,8.75.
FeCl2(127mg、1.00mmol)及びTHF(10mL)に、アルゴン雰囲気下、1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジメチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン(586mg、1.05mmol)を添加した。以下の操作もアルゴン雰囲気下で行った。80℃で6時間反応させた。反応液を周囲温度まで冷却し、溶媒を減圧下に除去した。粗生成物をジクロロメタンに溶解させ,濾過し,溶媒を減圧下に除去した。ジエチルエーテルを用いて得られる茶白色粉末を3回洗浄し、減圧下で乾燥した。淡茶白色粉末として標題化合物を得た(365mg、収率53%)。図3に該化合物のX線解析によって求められた構造(ORTEP)を示す。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ-5.62(brs,6H),-1.66(brs,26H),3.22(brs,2H),7.00(m,2H),14.92(brs,2H);Anal.calcd for C38H40Cl2FeP2;C,66.59;H,5.88.found C,66.17;H,5.87.
実施例1(1)で得られた塩化鉄・1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン錯体(FeCl2・L)、塩化鉄(FeCl3)、及び1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン配位子(L)を用いて、ブロモシクロヘプタンとフェニルマグネシウムブロミドを、表2に記載の条件で反応させた。生成物及びその収率を表2に示す。また収率はGCから内部標準としてウンデカンを用いることで決定した。
製造例1~9で得られた配位子及び塩化鉄(FeCl3)を用いて、ブロモシクロヘプタンとフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液を、表3に記載の条件で反応させた。生成物及びその収率を表3に示す。また収率はGCから内部標準としてウンデカンを用いることで決定した。
[エントリー1]シクロへキシルベンゼンの調製
塩化鉄・1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン錯体(FeCl2・L)(2.5mg、2.5μmol)、1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン(L)(2.2mg、2.5μmol)及びブロモシクロヘキサン(81.5mg、0.5mmol)をアルゴン雰囲気下、0°Cで添加した。以下の操作もアルゴン雰囲気下で行った。THF(0.80mL)を加え、反応容器の内壁をリンスした。混合物に、25℃で、シリンジポンプを用いフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.77mL、0.97M、0.75mmol)を20分かけて滴下し反応させた。さらに25℃で10分攪拌し、反応混合物を0℃に冷却した後、飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液2.0mLを添加した。ヘキサンを用いて水層を4回抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物をフロリジルパッド(100-200メッシュ、ナカライテスク株式会社)を用いて濾過した。溶媒を減圧下に除去した後、内部標準としてピラジン(15.3mg、0.19mmol)を用いて、1H NMR分析を実施した(収率97%)。
出発物質として、クロロシクロヘキサン(59.5mg、0.5mmol)及びフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.77mL、0.97M、0.75mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、2時間かけて滴下した。内部標準としてピラジン(19.4mg、0.24mmol)を用いて、1H NMR分析を実施した(収率85%)。
出発物質として、ブロモシクロヘキサン(81.7mg、0.5mmol)及び2-メチルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.94mL、0.80M、0.75mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、20分かけて滴下した。内部標準としてピラジン(13.2mg、0.16mmol)を用いて、1H NMR分析を実施した(収率99%)。
出発物質として、ブロモシクロヘキサン(81.5mg、0.5mmol)及び3,4,5-フェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.84mL、0.89M、0.75mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、20分かけて滴下した。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ペンタン)後に、無色液体として、標題化合物を得た(0.207g、収率98%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ 1.15-1.45(m,5H),1.72-1.86(m,5H),2.40-2.48(m,1H),6.74-6.85(m,2H),;13C NMR(CDCl3)δ 25.9,26.5(2C),34.2(2C),43.9,110.5(dt,J=5.5、15.0Hz,2C),137.8(dt,J=15.5、246.4Hz),144.2(dt,J=4.9、6.7Hz),151.0(ddd,J=4.5、9.4、247.1Hz,2C).Anal.calcd for C12H13F3C,67.28;H,6.12.found C,67.29;H,6.10.
出発物質として、ブロモシクロヘキサン(81.8mg、0.5mmol)及び4-メトキシフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.85mL、0.88M、0.75mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;25℃、20分かけて滴下した。内部標準としてピラジン(19.0mg、0.24mmol)を用いて、1H NMR分析を実施した(収率96%)。
出発物質として、1-ヨードデカン(134.1mg、0.5mmol)及びフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.77mL、0.97M、0.75mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、2時間かけて滴下した。内部標準としてピラジン(29.0mg、0.36mmol)を用いて、1H NMR分析を実施した(収率71%)。
出発物質として、1-ヨードデカン(133.9mg、0.5mmol)及び2,4,6-トリメチルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.66mL、1.14M、0.75mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、3時間かけて滴下した。薄層クロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン)後に、無色液体として、標題化合物を得た(0.121g、収率93%)。
1H NMR d 0.88 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.27-1.40 (m, 16H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 6 H), 2.55 (t, J= 7.8 Hz, 3H), 6.82 (s, 2H); 13C NMR d 14.1, 19.7 (2C), 20.8, 22.7, 29.3 (2C), 29.4, 29.5, 29.6 (2C), 30.3, 31.9, 128.8 (2C), 134.7, 135.8 (2C), 136.7; Anal. calcd for C19H32C, 87.62; H, 12.38. found C, 87.39; H, 12.47.
出発物質として、1-ブロモデカン(110.8mg、0.5mmol)及び2,4,6-トリメチルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(0.66mL、1.14M、0.75mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、3時間かけて滴下した。薄層クロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン)後に、無色液体として、標題化合物を得た(0.099g、収率76%)。
出発物質として、1-ブロモアダマンタン(215.4mg、1.0mmol)及びフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(1.55.mL、0.97M、1.50mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、3時間かけて滴下した。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ペンタン)後に、白色固体として、標題化合物を得た(0.173g、収率81%)。
出発物質として、4-ブロモフェネチルブロマイド(261.4mg、1.0mmol)及び4-メトキシフェニルマグネシウムブロミドのTHF溶液(1.42mL、1.06M、1.5mmol)を用い、エントリー1と同様にして、反応させた。条件;40℃、3時間かけて滴下した。薄層クロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=92/8)後に、無色液体として、標題化合物を得た(0.226g、収率78%)。
1H NMR d 2.84 (brs, 4H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 6.79-6.84 (m, 2H), 6.99-7.08 (m, 4H), 7.36-7.40 (m, 2H); 13C NMR d 36.7, 37.5, 55.2, 113.7 (2C), 129.3 (2C), 130.3 (2C), 131.3 (2C), 133.3, 140.7, 157.9. Anal. calcd for C15H15BrO C, 61.87; H, 5.19. found C, 62.13; H, 5.27.
塩化亜鉛ZnCl2(81.8 mg, 0.60 mmol)のTHF0.6mlの溶液に、0℃にて、1.14 MフェニルマグネシウムブロマイドのTHF溶液(1.05 mL, 1.2 mmol)、1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジトリメチルシリルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン[3,5-(TMS)2]-DPPBz (4.5 mg, 50 μmol)、ブロモシクロヘプタン (88.7 mg, 0.50 mmol)、及びウンデカン(46.9 mg, 0.30 mmol)を加えた。10分後、同温にて、0.10 M FeCl3 のTHF (50.0 μL, 50 μmol)溶液を加えた。カップリング反応は、50℃で5時間実施した。室温まで冷却後、反応液の一部を取り出して、内部標準としてウンデカンを用いて、ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)により生成物の収率を測定した。その結果を、表5のエントリー4に示す。
フェニルボロン酸ピナコールエステル(204.1 mg, 1.0 mmol)のTHF2.5 ml溶液に、-40℃にて、1.62 M t-BuLi in pentane (0.58 ml, 0.95 mmol) のTHF溶液を加えた。反応液を-40℃で30分撹拌した後、0℃で30分撹拌した。0℃減圧下で溶媒を除去した。残ったリチウムt-ブチルボレートの白色結晶を0℃でTHF 1.5mlに溶解した。得られたリチウムt-ブチルボレートの溶液に、ウンデカン(51.1 mg, 0.33 mmol)、ブロモシクロヘプタン (66.9 mg, 0.50 mmol)、0.10 M マグネシウムブロマイド MgBr2 のTHF溶液(1.00 mL, 0.10 mmol)、1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン([3,5-(t-Bu)2]DPPBz) (22.4 mg, 0.025 mmol, 5.00 mol%)、及び0.10 M 塩化鉄 FeCl3 のTHF溶液(250 μL, 0.025 mmol, 5.00 mol%)を加えた。カップリング反応を60℃で3時間行った。室温まで冷却後、反応液の一部を取り出して、内部標準としてウンデカンを用いて、ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)により生成物の収率を測定した。収率は95%であった。その結果を、表6のエントリー7に示す。
フェニルボロン酸ピナコールエステルのTHF溶液に、0℃にて1当量のt-BuLi(1.62 M in pentane)を加えた。反応液を0℃で30分撹拌した後、減圧下で溶媒を除去した。残ったリチウムt-ブチルボレートの白色結晶をTHFに溶解し、THF/ヘキサンで再結晶した。得られた白色結晶を集めて、アルゴン雰囲気下でTHFに溶解した。この溶液は、分解することなく0℃で数週間保存することができる。濃度は、内部標準としてメシチレンを用いてNMRで決定した。
4-メトキシフェニルボロン酸ピナコールエステル(351.2 mg, 1.5 mmol)のTHF5.0 ml溶液に、-40℃にて、1.80 M t-BuLi in pentane (0.78 ml, 1.40 mmol)を加えた。反応液を-40℃で30分撹拌した後、0℃で30分撹拌した。0℃で減圧下に溶媒を除去した。残ったリチウムt-ブチルボレートの白色結晶を0℃でTHF 2.4mlに溶解した。得られたリチウムt-ブチルボレートの溶液に、ウンデカン(66.2 mg, 0.42 mmol)、ブロモシクロヘプタン (178.2 mg, 1.01 mmol)、0.10 M マグネシウムブロマイド MgBr2 のTHF溶液(2.00 mL, 0.20 mmol)、塩化鉄・1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-トリメチルシリルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン錯体(FeCl2 ・[3,5-(t-Bu)2])-DPPBz complex)のTHF溶液(0.60 ml, 0.030 mmol, 3.00 mol%)を加えた。カップリング反応を40℃で3時間行った。反応混合物を0℃に冷却した後、飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液2.0mLを添加した。ジエチルエーテルを用いて水層を5回抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物をフロリジルパッド(100-200メッシュ、ナカライテスク株式会社)を用いて濾過した。薄層クロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン)後に、無色液体として、(4-メトキシフェニル)シクロヘプタンを得た(0.199g、収率97%)。
出発物質として、ブロモシクロヘプタン(89.2 mg、0.50mmol)及び3,4,5-トリフルオロフェニルボロン酸ピナコールエステル(193.5 mg、0.75 mmol)を用い、-78℃にて、1.80 M t-BuLi in pentane (0.39 ml, 0.70 mmol)を加えたこと以外は実施例8と同様に反応させた。内部標準としてピラジン(11.7 mg、0.15 mmol)を用いて、1H NMR分析を実施した(収率94%)。
塩化アルミニウムAlCl3 (80.0 mg, 0.60 mmol)のTHF 0.6 mL溶液に、0℃にて、1.64 M フェニルマグネシウムクロライドのTHF溶液(1.10 mL, 2.40 mmol)を加えた。反応液を室温で1時間撹拌した。得られた溶液に、0℃にて、1,2-ビス(ビス(3,5-ジターシャリブチルフェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン([3,5-(t-Bu)2])-DPPBz) (13.4 mg, 0.015 mmol)、0.1 M 塩化鉄FeCl3 のTHF溶液 (0.15 mL, 0.015 mmol)を加え、次にクロロシクロヘプタン (66.3 mg, 0.5 mmol)を加えた。カップリング反応は80℃で24時間行った。室温まで冷却後、反応液の一部を取り出して、内部標準としてウンデカンを用いて、ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)により生成物の収率を測定した。収率は94%であった。その結果を、表8のエントリー5に示す。
実施例10のエントリー5と同様に反応して、下記の反応を行った。エントリー1及び2の収率は、内部標準として1,1,2,2,-テトラクロロエタンを用いて1H-NMRより測定した。エントリー3の収率は、内部標準としてピラジン(Pyrazine)を用いて1H-NMRより測定した。
実施例10のエントリー5と同様に反応して、下記の反応を行った。エントリー1及び2の収率は、内部標準として1,1,2,2,-テトラクロロエタンを用いて1H-NMRより測定した。エントリー3の収率は、カラムクロマトグラフィー後、目的化合物を単離することで得た。
Claims (19)
- 一般式(1):
R-Ar’ (1)
[式中、Rは置換基を有してもよい炭化水素基であり、該炭化水素基の炭素-炭素結合の間に-O-で示される基を有してもよく、Ar’は置換基を有してもよいアリール基又は置換基を有してもよいヘテロアリール基である。]
で表される芳香族化合物の製造方法であって、鉄化合物及び一般式(4):
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物からなるクロスカップリング反応用触媒の存在下、一般式(2):
R-X (2)
[式中、Xはハロゲン原子を示し、Rは前記に同じ。]
で表される化合物と、一般式(3):
Ar’-MgY (3)
[式中、Yはハロゲン原子を示し、Ar’は前記に同じ。]
で表されるマグネシウム試薬を反応させることを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記鉄化合物が、二価若しくは三価の鉄塩、又はその溶媒和物である請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記一般式(4)のArにおいて、R12がHであり、R11及びR13が同一又は異なってC1~C6アルキル基、又はトリアルキルシリル基である請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 前記一般式(4)のArにおいて、R12がHであり、R11及びR13が同一又は異なってC1~C6アルキル基、又はトリアルキルシリル基である請求項9に記載の触媒。
- 一般式(4):
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物の製造方法であって、一般式(6):
で表される化合物に、一般式(7):
Ar-M (7)
[式中、MはLi又は式:MgY1で示される基であり、Y1はハロゲン原子を示す。Arは前記に同じ。]
で表される金属試薬を反応させることを特徴とする製造方法。 - 一般式(8):
R-Ar” (8)
[式中、Rは、置換基を有してもよい炭化水素基であり、該炭化水素基の炭素-炭素結合の間に-O-で示される基を有してもよく、Ar”は、置換基を有してもよいアリール基又は置換基を有してもよいヘテロアリール基である。]
で表される芳香族化合物の製造方法であって、鉄化合物及び一般式(4a):
で表されるビスホスフィン化合物からなるクロスカップリング反応用触媒の存在下、一般式(2):
R-X (2)
[式中、Xはハロゲン原子を示し、Rは前記に同じ。]
で表される化合物と、一般式(9):
Ar”-Mtl (9)
[式中、Mtlは亜鉛(Zn)、ホウ素(B)又はアルミニウム(Al)を示し、Ar”は前記に同じ。]
で表される結合を有する有機金属試薬を反応させることを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記鉄化合物が、二価若しくは三価の鉄塩、又はその溶媒和物である請求項16又は17に記載の製造方法。
- 前記R110及びR130がtert-ブチル又はトリメチルシリルである請求項16、17又は18に記載の製造方法。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010518946A JP5622573B2 (ja) | 2008-07-02 | 2009-03-10 | クロスカップリング反応用触媒、及びこれを用いた芳香族化合物の製造方法 |
US12/737,288 US8637710B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2009-03-10 | Catalyst for cross-coupling reaction comprising unsubstituted or substituted bisphosphinobenzenes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008-174021 | 2008-07-02 | ||
JP2008174021 | 2008-07-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010001640A1 true WO2010001640A1 (ja) | 2010-01-07 |
Family
ID=41465746
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/054588 WO2010001640A1 (ja) | 2008-07-02 | 2009-03-10 | クロスカップリング反応用触媒、及びこれを用いた芳香族化合物の製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8637710B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5622573B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010001640A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012109545A (ja) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-06-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 燐光発光素子 |
JP2013180991A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-12 | Kyoto Univ | ビスホスフィン化合物、及びビスホスフィン化合物を配位子とする遷移金属触媒、並びにこれらの製造方法 |
JP2013245177A (ja) * | 2012-05-24 | 2013-12-09 | Sagami Chemical Research Institute | 1,2−ビス(ビス(多置換フェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン配位ニッケル(ii)錯体およびその製造方法 |
WO2019013126A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-01-17 | 東レ・ファインケミカル株式会社 | シクロアルキル(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンの製造方法 |
JP7332700B2 (ja) | 2019-01-15 | 2023-08-23 | 中国石油化工股▲ふん▼有限公司 | ハロゲン含有化合物及び使用、並びに、触媒組成物及びエチレンオリゴマー化方法、エチレン三量化方法、及びエチレン四量化方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115677694A (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-02-03 | 南通常佑药业科技有限公司 | 一种瑞美吉泮的合成方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2609534B2 (ja) | 1988-05-17 | 1997-05-14 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | オレフィン性不飽和ポリマーの水添方法 |
US5567856A (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-10-22 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Synthesis of and hydroformylation with fluoro-substituted bidentate phosphine ligands |
CA2555453C (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2013-04-09 | Japan Science And Technology Agency | Cross-coupling process for production of aromatic compounds from aliphatic organic compounds and aromatic organometallic reagents |
-
2009
- 2009-03-10 WO PCT/JP2009/054588 patent/WO2010001640A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-03-10 US US12/737,288 patent/US8637710B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-03-10 JP JP2010518946A patent/JP5622573B2/ja active Active
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
MASAO IWAMOTO ET AL.: "Reaction of Butadiene with Ethylene. II. NewCatalytic Systems in Synthesis of 1,4-Hexadiene", JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 31, no. 12, 1966, pages 4290 - 4291 * |
ROSA, P. ET AL.: "Heat- and light-induced spin transition of an iron(II) polymer containing the 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(diphenylphosphanyl) benzene ligand", EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, no. 15, 2004, pages 3017 - 3019 * |
TAKAYUKI KONDO ET AL.: "Fluoro Allyl Kinzoku Hannozai to Hologen-ka Alkyl tono Tetsu Shokubai ni yoru Cross Coupling Hanno", CSJ: THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN KOEN YOKOSHU, vol. 87TH, no. 2, 12 March 2007 (2007-03-12), pages 1061 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012109545A (ja) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-06-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 燐光発光素子 |
JP2013180991A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-12 | Kyoto Univ | ビスホスフィン化合物、及びビスホスフィン化合物を配位子とする遷移金属触媒、並びにこれらの製造方法 |
JP2013245177A (ja) * | 2012-05-24 | 2013-12-09 | Sagami Chemical Research Institute | 1,2−ビス(ビス(多置換フェニル)ホスフィノ)ベンゼン配位ニッケル(ii)錯体およびその製造方法 |
WO2019013126A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-01-17 | 東レ・ファインケミカル株式会社 | シクロアルキル(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンの製造方法 |
CN110730767A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2020-01-24 | 东丽精细化工株式会社 | 环烷基(三氟甲基)苯的制造方法 |
JPWO2019013126A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-13 | 2020-05-07 | 東レ・ファインケミカル株式会社 | シクロアルキル(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンの製造方法 |
US11066422B2 (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2021-07-20 | Toray Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Method of producing cycloalkyl(trifluoromethyl)benzene |
JP7061570B2 (ja) | 2017-07-13 | 2022-04-28 | 東レ・ファインケミカル株式会社 | シクロアルキル(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンの製造方法 |
CN110730767B (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2022-06-24 | 东丽精细化工株式会社 | 环烷基(三氟甲基)苯的制造方法 |
JP7332700B2 (ja) | 2019-01-15 | 2023-08-23 | 中国石油化工股▲ふん▼有限公司 | ハロゲン含有化合物及び使用、並びに、触媒組成物及びエチレンオリゴマー化方法、エチレン三量化方法、及びエチレン四量化方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8637710B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
JP5622573B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
US20110152523A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
JPWO2010001640A1 (ja) | 2011-12-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5622573B2 (ja) | クロスカップリング反応用触媒、及びこれを用いた芳香族化合物の製造方法 | |
WO2011035532A1 (zh) | 一种芳香硼酸酯化合物的制备方法 | |
JP4864342B2 (ja) | ビアリール化合物の製造方法 | |
Kozlov et al. | 5, 6-Membered palladium pincer complexes of 1-thiophosphoryloxy-3-thiophosphorylbenzenes. Synthesis, X-ray structure, and catalytic activity | |
WO2021106982A1 (ja) | アルケニルリン化合物の製造方法 | |
JP5955034B2 (ja) | ビスホスフィン化合物、及びビスホスフィン化合物を配位子とする遷移金属触媒、並びにこれらの製造方法 | |
TW200936597A (en) | Processes for producing organo alkali metal compounds and organo transition metal compounds | |
JP5732962B2 (ja) | ジルコニウムアミド化合物の製造方法 | |
JP5536458B2 (ja) | 6−ハロゲノ−3−アリールピリジン誘導体の製造方法 | |
JP2004352724A (ja) | フェニルアルキレンカルボン酸誘導体の製造方法 | |
JPH09241276A (ja) | アルケニルホスフィンオキシド化合物の製造法 | |
JP3007984B1 (ja) | 不飽和ホスホン酸エステルの製造方法 | |
JP4271454B2 (ja) | 嵩高い炭化水素基の結合した第3級ホスフィンの製造方法 | |
JP2849712B2 (ja) | アルケニルホスフィンオキシド化合物の製造方法 | |
JP6182443B2 (ja) | 架橋ビスインデニル化合物の製造方法 | |
JP2775426B2 (ja) | 不飽和ホスホン酸エステルの製造方法 | |
JP2003081979A (ja) | 有機金属化合物の新規調製法 | |
JP3505569B2 (ja) | α−(シリルメチル)ボロンエノラート及びその製造方法 | |
TW200404758A (en) | Process for preparing vinylaromatic compounds | |
JP4639456B2 (ja) | 芳香族化合物及びその製造方法 | |
JP2003313194A (ja) | 嵩高い炭化水素基の結合した第3級ホスフィンの製造方法 | |
JP3561237B2 (ja) | ベータアリールチオアクリル酸エステル誘導体の製造法 | |
JP4104402B2 (ja) | アリル化合物の製造方法 | |
JP2003212799A (ja) | 置換芳香族化合物の製造方法 | |
Lyapchev et al. | Synthesis and structural characterization of N-[2-(diphenylphosphorothioyl) phenyl]-2-(phenylamino) benzamide |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09773218 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
DPE1 | Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2010518946 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12737288 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 09773218 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |