Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
  • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
  • C25D3/66—Electroplating: Baths therefor from melts
  • C25D3/665—Electroplating: Baths therefor from melts from ionic liquids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
  • H01R13/02—Contact members
  • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H1/00—Contacts
  • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
  • H01H1/021—Composite material
  • H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
  • H01H2300/036—Application nanoparticles, e.g. nanotubes, integrated in switch components, e.g. contacts, the switch itself being clearly of a different scale, e.g. greater than nanoscale

Definitions

• Component having a layer incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and methods of making same
• the invention relates to a component with a layer in the Geglage CNT are installed.
• a layer with CNT can be produced, for example, according to WO 2007/118337 A1 on a contact element.
• This electrical contact element is used to close and open an electrical contact and is highly stressed. This stress is due to the transmission of the electrical switching current, according to WO 2007/118337
• an increase in the service life of the contact is to be achieved by the fact that carbon nanotubes (hereinafter called CNT) m the contact layer are present.
• CNT carbon nanotubes
• the increase in service life is attributed to the fact that the CNTs on the one hand improve the electrical conductivity of the layer and on the other hand also bring about improved heat dissipation during the switching process. As a result, the thermal load during the switching process is reduced and the contact layer less stressed.
• the object of the invention is thus to bring about a further improvement of the wear behavior of coated components, in particular electrical contact elements.
• the sliding properties of the layer in a frictional stress of primary importance is where the invention starts by incorporating the particles of a dry lubricant in addition to the CNTs.
• Dry lubricants belong to a material group, which is characterized in that improved sliding properties of the surfaces concerned are achieved.
• the wear is advantageously reduced, whereby the component with a layer in the Gefugt CNT and particles of a dry lubricant are involved, improved
• the structure of the layer forms a matrix in which the particles of the dry lubricant and the CNT, which can likewise be understood as particles, are dispersedly distributed.
• the CNTs are nanoparticles due to their dimensions
• Dry lubricants can be designed as nanoparticles, but also have dimensions in the micrometer range.
• Dry Lubricants Molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, tantalum disulfide, graphite, hexagonal boron nitride, graphite fluoride and silver niobium selenide are contained in the particles.
• the particles of the dry lubricant can therefore from one or more of the listed
• Dry lubricants exist and be mixed with other dry lubricants that are not listed here. It is also possible to use particles of different composition, ie To mix particles of a dry lubricant with particles of another dry lubricant, wherein both types of dry lubricant are incorporated into the Gedrage of the layer.
• the layer can advantageously be optimized with respect to its wear behavior to a specific application hm.
• the circumstances of the application should be considered, it should be noted that the t ⁇ btreu behavior of two components can generally be predicted only limited, so that for an optimization, ie selection of suitable dry lubricants, tests are necessary.
• the listed dry lubricants generally have good lubricating properties, and therefore their selection may be preferred in order to obtain satisfactory results.
• a further embodiment of the invention is obtained if the layer has a metallic structure, in particular of a nickel-cobalt alloy.
• the metallic structure of the layer allows a conduction of the electric current with advantageously low electrical resistance.
• nickel-cobalt alloys are suitable for electrical switching elements, since they combine a comparatively good electrical and thermal conductivity with a satisfactory wear behavior. Therefore, the optimization potential can be advantageously used particularly well by introducing CNT and dry lubricant particles.
• the layer is a ceramic Gefuge or at least ceramic Gefugeanteile particular of oxidic or nitridic ceramics such as titanium nitride having.
• very hard layers for example for a tool coating, can advantageously be produced, wherein their biological behavior can be optimized by introducing the dry lubricant particles.
• the service life can advantageously be improved.
• the thermal conductivity of the CNT can be used to effectively dissipate heat, for example, in the case of machining tools. The reduction of the thermal load leads at high cutting speeds of the tool advantageously at the same time to an improved service life, or allows higher cutting speeds with a constant service life.
• the invention relates to a method for electrochemical coating of a component, in which the component is placed in an electrolyte, where a layer of constituents of the electrolyte is deposited, wherein dispersed in the electrolyte CNT, which are incorporated in the layer.
• a method of the type mentioned is known, for example, according to US 2007/0036978 A1, wherein CNT for the purpose of incorporation into an electrochemically produced layer in the Electrolytes are dispersed. During electrochemical layer buildup, these CNTs are therefore incorporated into the layer.
• the object of the invention is to provide a method for electrochemical coating with installation of CNT, with which layers can be produced with an extended range of functions.
• a wet electrolyte can be used for the coating, wherein the CNT and the particles of a
• Dry lubricant can be dispersed using a wetting agent in the electrolyte.
• a wetting agent in the electrolyte.
• Ionic liquids are liquid salts without the salt being dissolved in a solvent (preferably water). These are organic liquids composed of cations and anions. As cations come in the present Case alkylated imidazolium, pyridinium, ammonium or phosphonium ions are used. As anions, for example, simple halides, tetrafluoroborates, hexafluorophosphates, bi (t ⁇ fluoromethylsulfonyl) imides or tri (pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphates can be used.
• ionic liquids act as a dispersion medium, wherein the dispersants to be dispersed may be micro- or nanoparticles and are erfmdungsgebound formed by the CNT and the particles of the dry lubricant.
• the dispersants to be dispersed may be micro- or nanoparticles and are erfmdungsgebound formed by the CNT and the particles of the dry lubricant.
• wetting agents for dispersing it is possible to dispense with wetting agents for dispersing, whereby it is avoided that the properties of the particles incorporated in the electrochemically produced layer are adversely affected by wetting agents incorporated in them.
• comparatively high concentrations of dispersed particles can be achieved in ionic liquids, whereby advantageously also higher rates of incorporation into the layer to be produced are achieved.
• the metals from the ionic liquid can also be deposited as nanocrystalline metal layers.
• nanocrystalline metal layers is particularly well suited to the incorporation of CNT and the Particles of the dry lubricant, so that advantageously particularly high installation rates can be achieved.
• Both the deposition of aqueous electrolyte and the deposition of ionic liquids can be done both in Gleichstrombet ⁇ eb as well as in pulse mode.
• a variation of the deposited fractions of CNT and particles of the dry lubricant is advantageously possible.
• metals for the deposition of the metallic layer in addition to those already mentioned, for example, copper and gold can also be used.
• the CNTs used can also have different characteristics. In particular, the use of smglewall CNT, multiwall CNT or doublewall CNT is possible. Furthermore, the CNTs may have functional groups that influence their property profile.
• ionic liquid such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate
• corresponding salts are dissolved into the ionic salts such as nickel tetrafluoroborate and cobalt sulfamate as ionic carriers.
• molybdenum or tungsten disulfide as nano- or microparticles and carbon nanotubes are dispersed in these electrolytes. 3. If the dispersants mentioned are distributed homogeneously in the electrolyte, an anode consisting of nickel and cobalt is used in the bath. These are soluble electrodes to achieve a constant concentration of Ni and Co. 4. Thereafter, the to be coated and conductive workpiece is immersed in the electrolyte and connected as a cathode to a power source.
• Ni / Co is deposited with said sulfides and CNT.
• FIG. 1 shows the marked in Figure 1 detail
• Figure 3 is an exemplary embodiment of the inventive method schematically.
• Em component 11 according to Figure 1 is designed as an electrical switching element. This has in the contact region on a layer 12, in which, as Figure 2 can be seen, on the one hand CNT 13 and on the other hand particles 14 of a
• a contact surface 15 formed by the layer 12 advantageously has an increased wear resistance, an increased load-bearing capacity for the switching current and thus an extended service life.
• an electrolyte 16 in the form of an ionic liquid is introduced into a container 17.
• the electrolyte 16 are CNT 13 and particles 14 a dry lubricant dispersed.
• the component to be coated 11 as a working electrode and a counter electrode 18 are contacted with a voltage source 19, whereby a layer can be produced on the component 11 with storage of the CNT 13 and the particles 14 of the dry lubricant.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
• Contacts (AREA)
• Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Citations (3)

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• 2008
  • 2008-06-27 DE DE102008030988A patent/DE102008030988B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-06-23 JP JP2011515348A patent/JP2011527487A/ja active Pending
  • 2009-06-23 US US13/000,684 patent/US20110100825A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-06-23 CN CN2009801243417A patent/CN102077423A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-06-23 WO PCT/EP2009/057788 patent/WO2009156386A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-06-23 EP EP09769235A patent/EP2294656A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-06-23 CA CA2729310A patent/CA2729310A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (3)

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