WO2009136494A1 - 復調装置 - Google Patents
復調装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009136494A1 WO2009136494A1 PCT/JP2009/001995 JP2009001995W WO2009136494A1 WO 2009136494 A1 WO2009136494 A1 WO 2009136494A1 JP 2009001995 W JP2009001995 W JP 2009001995W WO 2009136494 A1 WO2009136494 A1 WO 2009136494A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/0848—Joint weighting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a demodulator that receives and demodulates radio waves with diversity.
- FIG. 5 shows a demodulator that includes four conventional antennas and receives diversity reception of digital terrestrial broadcasting while removing noise.
- the demodulation device includes antennas 10, 20, 30, 40 that receive radio waves of terrestrial digital broadcasting, noise collection probes 11, 21, 31, 41, and frequency conversion units 12, 13, 22, 23, 32. 33, 42, 43, automatic gain adjusters 14, 15, 24, 25, 34, 35, 44, 45, Fourier transform units 16, 17, 26, 27, 36, 37, 46, 47, noise Removal units 18, 28, 38, 48, phase amplitude change units 19, 29, 39, 49, and synthesis unit 1 are provided.
- Antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40 receive radio waves that are noise generated by the receiver itself in addition to terrestrial digital broadcast radio waves.
- the frequency converters 12, 22, 32, and 42 convert radio waves received by the antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40 into predetermined frequencies and output them.
- the automatic gain adjusters 14, 24, 34, and 44 adjust the gain so that the output signals of the frequency converters 12, 22, 32, and 42 have a predetermined power value, and output the result.
- the Fourier transform units 16, 26, 36, and 46 Fourier-transform the output signals of the automatic gain adjustment units 14, 24, 34, and 44 and input the resultant signals to the noise removal units 18, 28, 38, and 48 as main signals.
- the noise collection probes 11, 21, 31, and 41 receive noise generated by the receiver itself.
- the frequency conversion units 13, 23, 33, and 43 convert the noise received by the noise collection probes 11, 21, 31, and 41 into the same predetermined frequency as the frequency conversion units 12, 22, 32, and 42, and output the converted frequency.
- the automatic gain adjustment units 15, 25, 35, and 45 adjust the gain so that the output signals of the frequency conversion units 13, 23, 33, and 43 have a predetermined power value.
- the Fourier transform units 17, 27, 37, and 47 perform Fourier transform on the output signals of the automatic gain adjustment units 15, 25, 35, and 45, and then input the noise signals to the noise removal units 18, 28, 38, and 48.
- the noise removing units 18, 28, 38, and 48 adjust the phase and amplitude of the noise signal to remove the noise signal from the main signal, and output the signal after noise removal.
- the phase / amplitude changing units 19, 29, 39, and 49 change the phase and amplitude of the noise-removed signal in accordance with the instruction from the synthesizing unit 1 and output the phase-amplitude changed signal.
- the synthesizer 1 synthesizes the phase-amplitude-changed signals output from the four phase-amplitude changing units 19, 29, 39, and 49, and each phase value for the four phase-amplitude changing units 19, 29, 39, and 49 And the amplitude value.
- the conventional demodulator has a problem that noise removing units are required as many as the number of antennas.
- the demodulator includes a first removal parameter storage unit that stores a removal parameter for removing noise as a first removal parameter for each antenna, a noise collection unit that receives noise and outputs it as a collected noise signal, A diversity combining unit that outputs a combined signal obtained by combining a radio wave received from the antenna and a combined signal that is a parameter for each antenna related to combining, and a first removal parameter from the first removal parameter storage unit A first noise removing unit that receives the post-combination signal, the synthesis parameter, and the collected noise signal, performs noise removal, and outputs the signal after noise removal;
- the demodulator includes a second removal parameter storage unit that stores a removal parameter for removing noise as a second removal parameter for each antenna, a noise collection unit that receives noise and outputs it as a collected noise signal, A diversity combining unit that outputs a combined signal that is a parameter for each antenna related to combining and a combined signal obtained by receiving radio waves from the antenna and combining the signal, and obtains a second removal parameter from the second removal parameter storage unit And after receiving the noise, removing the noise after receiving the synthesized signal, the second removed parameter, the synthesized parameter, and the collected noise signal. And a second noise removing unit that outputs a signal.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the demodulation device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration example of the diversity combining unit and the noise removing unit.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the demodulation device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of removal parameter control according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional diversity demodulator with a noise removal function.
- the present invention provides a demodulator that receives and demodulates radio waves with a plurality of antennas, and realizes noise removal at one place regardless of the number of antennas.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a demodulator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the demodulator includes antennas 10, 20, 30, 40, a diversity combining unit 105, a noise collection probe 106, a first removal parameter storage unit 107, a first noise removal unit 108, and a first noise removal unit 108. 1 removal parameter investigation unit 109 and an operation control unit 110.
- the antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40 receive radio waves.
- Diversity combining section 105 demodulates radio waves received by antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40, performs diversity combining and outputs a combined signal.
- the noise collection probe 106 collects noise generated by the demodulator.
- the noise collecting probe 106 is an example of a noise collecting unit that receives noise generated by the demodulator and outputs it as a collected noise signal.
- the first removal parameter storage unit 107 stores a first removal parameter for each antenna for removing noise.
- the first noise removing unit 108 removes the collected noise component from the combined signal output from the diversity combining unit 105.
- the first removal parameter investigation unit 109 investigates a first removal parameter for removing noise for each of the antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40.
- the operation control unit 110 instructs the diversity combining unit 105, the first noise removing unit 108, and the first removal parameter examining unit 109 to operate.
- a demodulator that receives digital terrestrial broadcasting using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (hereinafter also referred to as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)) scheme is given.
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- the first removal parameter storage unit 107 stores a first removal parameter for removing noise.
- the first removal parameter can be investigated in a state where the user normally uses the demodulator, but here, a case where the investigation is performed in advance is shown as an example. In this case, the demodulator performs two types of operations, a removal parameter checking operation and a normal operation.
- the operation control unit 110 instructs the diversity combining unit 105, the first noise removing unit 108, and the first removal parameter examining unit 109 to investigate the first removal parameter for the antenna 10.
- diversity combining section 105 When diversity combining section 105 receives an instruction for investigating the first removal parameter for antenna 10 from operation control section 110, diversity combining section 105 cuts signals from antennas 20, 30, and 40, and transmits only radio waves obtained from antenna 10 to a predetermined frequency. The frequency is converted into a band and adjusted to have a predetermined gain. Then, diversity combining section 105 outputs a signal obtained by performing Fourier transform on the adjusted signal as a non-combined signal without changing the phase and amplitude for diversity combining.
- the first removal parameter investigation unit 109 When receiving the first removal parameter investigation instruction for the antenna 10 from the operation control unit 110, the first removal parameter investigation unit 109 first obtains the optimum values of the noise phase adjustment value ⁇ and the amplitude adjustment value G.
- the noise adjustment unit 108 is instructed to adjust the noise phase adjustment value ⁇ and the amplitude adjustment value G.
- the first removal parameter examining unit 109 sets the range of the phase adjustment value ⁇ in increments of 1 degree from 170 degrees to 190 degrees, and instructs the first noise removing unit 108 to set 170 degrees.
- the first removal parameter examining unit 109 sets the range of the amplitude adjustment value G in increments of 0.1 from 0.1 times to 2.0 times, and instructs the first noise removing unit 108 to set 0.1. .
- the noise collection probe 106 receives the electromagnetic wave noise generated by this demodulator and outputs a collected noise signal.
- the first noise removal unit 108 When the first noise removal unit 108 receives an instruction for the first removal parameter investigation from the operation control unit 110, the first removal parameter investigation unit 109 instructs the collected noise signal from the noise collection probe 106. The phase and amplitude are processed using the phase adjustment value ⁇ and the amplitude adjustment value G. Then, the first noise removing unit 108 synthesizes the signal obtained by performing this processing and the uncombined signal output from the diversity combining unit 105.
- the non-synthetic signal is X (t)
- the collected noise signal is N (t)
- the non-synthesized signal and the signal after the synthesis of the collected noise are Y (t)
- the first removal parameter investigation unit 109 receives the signal Y (t) and checks the reception status from the carrier-to-noise ratio (CN ratio), the bit error rate of the digital signal, and the like. Then, the first removal parameter examining unit 109 changes the phase adjustment value ⁇ and the amplitude adjustment value G to determine the best phase adjustment value ⁇ and amplitude adjustment value G, and performs the first removal of the antenna 10.
- the parameters are stored in the first removal parameter storage unit 107 as the parameters ⁇ 1 and G1.
- the operation control unit 110 performs the same processing as the antenna 10 on the antennas 20, 30, and 40, and the first removal parameters ⁇ 2 and G2 of the antenna 20 and the first removal parameters ⁇ 3, G3, and The first removal parameters ⁇ 4 and G4 of the antenna 40 are obtained and stored in the first removal parameter storage unit 107.
- the operation control unit 110 instructs the diversity combining unit 105, the first noise removing unit 108, and the first removal parameter examining unit 109 to perform normal operation.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the internal configuration of the diversity combining unit 105 and the first noise removing unit 108.
- the operation when the normal operation is instructed will be described with reference to FIG.
- diversity combining section 105 includes frequency conversion sections 12, 22, 32, 42, automatic gain adjustment sections 14, 24, 34, 44, Fourier transform sections 16, 26, 36, 46, and phase amplitude change. Units 19, 29, 39, and 49, and a combining unit 201.
- the first noise removing unit 108 includes a frequency converting unit 202, an automatic gain adjusting unit 203, a phase amplitude changing unit 204, and an adding unit 205.
- the antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40 receive radio waves of terrestrial digital broadcasting.
- the noise collection probe 106 collects noise generated by the demodulator.
- the phase amplitude changing unit 204 changes the phase and amplitude of the input signal.
- the adder 205 adds the input signals.
- the frequency converters 12, 22, 32, and 42 receive terrestrial digital broadcast radio waves received by the antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40, convert them to predetermined frequencies, and output them.
- the automatic gain adjusters 14, 24, 34, and 44 adjust the gain so that the output signals of the frequency converters 12, 22, 32, and 42 have a predetermined power value, and output them.
- the Fourier transform units 16, 26, 36, 46 perform a Fourier transform on the output signals of the automatic gain adjustment units 14, 24, 34, 44 and output the result.
- phase amplitude changing units 19, 29, 39, 49 change the phase and amplitude by the phase ⁇ and the amplitude g indicated by the combining unit 201 with respect to the output signals of the Fourier transform units 16, 26, 36, 46, A signal after phase amplitude adjustment is generated. This phase amplitude adjusted signal is input to the combining unit 201.
- the synthesizing unit 201 synthesizes the four phase amplitude adjusted signals output from the phase amplitude changing units 19, 29, 39, and 49 and outputs the synthesized signals to the adding unit 205 of the first noise removing unit 108 as synthesized signals.
- the combining unit 201 instructs the phase amplitude changing units 19, 29, 39, and 49 to adjust the phase and amplitude adjustment values for diversity combining.
- the phase adjustment value instructed to the phase amplitude change unit 19 is ⁇ 1, the amplitude adjustment value is g1, the phase adjustment value instructed to the phase amplitude change unit 29 is ⁇ 2, the amplitude adjustment value is g2, and the phase adjustment instructed to the phase amplitude change unit 39
- the value is ⁇ 3, the amplitude adjustment value is g3, the phase adjustment value instructed to the phase amplitude changing unit 49 is ⁇ 4, and the amplitude adjustment value is g4.
- the synthesis unit 201 outputs these ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, g1, g2, g3, and g4 to the phase amplitude change unit 204 of the first noise removal unit 108 as synthesis parameters.
- the noise collection probe 106 receives the electromagnetic wave noise generated by this demodulator and outputs a collected noise signal.
- the frequency conversion unit 202 of the first noise removal unit 108 converts the collected noise signal to the same frequency as the frequency conversion units 12, 22, 32, and 42.
- the automatic gain adjustment unit 203 adjusts the gain of the output signal of the frequency conversion unit 202 so as to have a predetermined power value, and outputs it as a collected noise signal.
- the phase amplitude changing unit 204 receives ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, G1, G2, G3, and G4 that are the first removal parameters of each antenna from the first removal parameter storage unit 107 in FIG. In addition, the phase amplitude changing unit 204 receives the synthesis parameters ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, g1, g2, g3, and g4 from the synthesis unit 201. Then, the phase amplitude changing unit 204 generates a noise canceling signal for canceling the noise multiplexed in the combining unit 201. That is, for each antenna 10, 20, 30, 40, the phase and amplitude of the noise picked up by the antenna 10, 20, 30, 40 are also changed by the amount of adjustment of the signal phase and amplitude by the diversity processing. Therefore, the noise is removed from the diversity combined signal by applying the first removal parameter after the phase and amplitude of the collected noise signal are made to follow the change.
- the noise signal is N (t) and the noise cancellation signal is C (t)
- the relationship of Expression (2)
- the adding unit 205 adds the combined signal output from the combining unit 201 and the noise canceling signal output from the phase amplitude changing unit 204, and outputs a signal after noise removal.
- the first noise removal unit 108 performs the noise removal processing for all the plurality of antennas 10, 20, 30, and 40 all at once, and thus does not depend on the number of antennas. Noise removal can be realized in one place. Further, since the first removal parameter storage unit 107 investigates and stores the removal parameter in advance, it is possible to remove noise from the reception start time.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and is effective in all devices that receive radio waves with a plurality of antennas. Further, although the description has been given assuming that the number of antennas is four, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is sufficient that a plurality of antennas exist.
- the demodulating apparatus has a point that there is only one operation of the normal operation, an operation control unit for switching the operation is unnecessary, a noise removal unit, and a second operation unit.
- the difference between the second removal parameter control of the removal parameter investigation unit is the difference from the demodulator of the first embodiment.
- the other points are the same as in the first embodiment. For this reason, the second embodiment will be described with a focus on the above-described different portions.
- FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the demodulation device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- parts other than the second noise removing unit 301, the second removal parameter examining unit 302, and the second removal parameter examining unit 303 are the same as those used in FIG. .
- the second removal parameter investigation unit 302 instructs the second noise removal unit 301 on the second removal parameter.
- FIG. 4 shows a flow example of the second removal parameter control.
- step S401 the demodulator starts demodulation.
- step S ⁇ b> 402 the second removal parameter survey unit 302 acquires the second removal parameter from the second removal parameter storage unit 303. Then, it progresses to step S403.
- step S403 the second removal parameter examining unit 302 instructs the acquired second removal parameter to the second noise removing unit 301, and the process proceeds to step S404.
- the second removal parameter examining unit 302 examines the signal after noise removal output from the second noise removing unit 301 to check whether the reception state is bad. For example, the second removal parameter checking unit 302 knows the reception status from the carrier-to-noise ratio (CN ratio), the bit error rate of the digital signal, and the like, and checks whether it falls within a predetermined allowable value. If the reception status is below the allowable limit, the process proceeds to step S405. If the reception status exceeds the control limit, the process returns to step S404.
- CN ratio carrier-to-noise ratio
- step S405 the second removal parameter examining unit 302 examines the signal after noise removal output from the second noise removing unit 301 and determines whether or not improvement can be achieved by adjusting the second removal parameter.
- the second removal parameter checking unit 302 knows the reception status from information such as OFDM synchronization lock information, carrier-to-noise ratio (CN ratio), bit error rate of digital signal, and the like. Then, if the second removal parameter survey unit 302 determines that the second removal parameter adjustment can be improved, the process proceeds to step S406, and if it is determined that the second removal parameter investigation unit 302 cannot improve the process, the process returns to step S404.
- step S406 the second removal parameter checking unit 302 changes the second removal parameter instructed to the second noise removal unit 301, and changes the carrier-to-noise ratio (CN ratio), the bit error rate of the digital signal, and the like. To collect results. Then, the second removal parameter checking unit 302 determines the second removal parameter that is received well, instructs the second noise removal unit 301 of the second removal parameter, and the second removal parameter storage unit 303. Remember me. Then, the process returns to step S404.
- CN ratio carrier-to-noise ratio
- the range of ⁇ is changed in increments of 1 degree from 170 degrees to 190 degrees,
- the range of G is changed by 0.1 increments from 0.1 times to 2.0 times, the CN ratio results for each combination of ⁇ and G are collected, and the best combination is obtained.
- the second noise removing unit 301 is the embodiment except that the second removal parameter is acquired by the second removal parameter checking unit 302 instead of the second removal parameter storage unit 303. This is the same as the normal operation of the first noise removing unit 108 described in 1.
- noise removal can be realized in one place regardless of the number of antennas, and since the second removal parameter is improved by monitoring the reception status, resistance to noise is improved. Can be strengthened.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and it may not be stored.
- the noise removal unit collectively performs noise removal processing on all of the plurality of antennas, so that noise removal can be realized at one place regardless of the number of antennas. .
- the demodulator of the present invention can remove noise immediately after the power-on operation.
- the demodulation device of the present invention can improve the removal parameter according to the reception situation.
- the demodulator of the present invention stores the improved removal parameter, the improved removal parameter can be used even when the power is turned on again.
- the demodulator of the present invention is useful in a demodulator that receives and demodulates radio waves with diversity.
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Abstract
Description
図1は本発明の実施の形態1の復調装置の構成例を示す。図1において、復調装置は、アンテナ10、20、30、40と、ダイバーシチ合成部105と、ノイズ収集プローブ106と、第1の除去パラメータ記憶部107と、第1のノイズ除去部108と、第1の除去パラメータ調査部109と、動作制御部110とを備えている。アンテナ10、20、30、40は電波を受信する。ダイバーシチ合成部105は、アンテナ10、20、30、40が受信する電波を復調してダイバーシチ合成して合成後信号を出力する。ノイズ収集プローブ106は復調装置が発生するノイズを収集する。ノイズ収集プローブ106は、復調装置が発生するノイズを受信して収集ノイズ信号として出力するノイズ収集部の1例である。第1の除去パラメータ記憶部107はノイズを除去するためのアンテナ毎の第1の除去パラメータを記憶する。第1のノイズ除去部108は、ダイバーシチ合成部105が出力する合成後信号から収集ノイズ成分を除去する。第1の除去パラメータ調査部109は、アンテナ10、20、30、40毎にノイズを除去するための第1の除去パラメータを調査する。動作制御部110は、ダイバーシチ合成部105と第1のノイズ除去部108と第1の除去パラメータ調査部109に動作を指示する。
本発明の実施の形態2の復調装置は、2つあった動作が通常動作の1つのみである点と、動作を切り替えるための動作制御部が不要な点と、ノイズ除去部と第2の除去パラメータ調査部の第2の除去パラメータ制御が異なる点が、実施の形態1の復調装置との相違点である。その他の点については実施の形態1と同一である。そのため、実施の形態2では、上述の相違部分を中心に説明する。
12,22,32,42 周波数変換部
14,24,34,44,203 自動利得調整部
16,26,36,46 フーリエ変換部
19,29,39,49,204 位相振幅変更部
105 ダイバーシチ合成部
106 ノイズ収集プローブ
107 第1の除去パラメータ記憶部
108 第1のノイズ除去部
109 第1の除去パラメータ調査部
110 動作制御部
201 合成部
202 周波数変換部
205 加算部
301 第2のノイズ除去部
302 第2の除去パラメータ調査部
303 第2の除去パラメータ記憶部
Claims (8)
- ノイズを除去するための除去パラメータをアンテナ毎に第1の除去パラメータとして記憶する第1の除去パラメータ記憶部と、
前記ノイズを受信して収集ノイズ信号として出力するノイズ収集部と、
複数の前記アンテナから電波を受信して合成を施して得た合成後信号と前記合成に関する前記アンテナ毎のパラメータである合成パラメータを出力するダイバーシチ合成部と、
前記第1の除去パラメータ記憶部から前記第1の除去パラメータを読み出し、前記合成後信号と前記合成パラメータと前記収集ノイズ信号を受け取ってノイズ除去を施してノイズ除去後信号を出力する第1のノイズ除去部と
を備える復調装置。 - 前記第1のノイズ除去部は全ての前記アンテナの前記第1の除去パラメータと全ての前記アンテナの前記合成パラメータを用いてノイズ除去を行う請求項1に記載の復調装置。
- 前記第1の除去パラメータ記憶部は前記第1の除去パラメータを予め調査して格納している請求項1に記載の復調装置。
- ノイズを除去するための除去パラメータをアンテナ毎に第2の除去パラメータとして記憶する第2の除去パラメータ記憶部と、
前記ノイズを受信して収集ノイズ信号として出力するノイズ収集部と、
複数の前記アンテナから電波を受信して合成を施して得た合成後信号と前記合成に関するアンテナ毎のパラメータである合成パラメータ出力するダイバーシチ合成部と、
前記第2の除去パラメータ記憶部から前記第2の除去パラメータを獲得し、ノイズ除去後信号を獲得し、前記第2の除去パラメータを出力する第2の除去パラメータ調査部と、
前記合成信号と前記第2の除去パラメータと前記合成パラメータと前記収集ノイズ信号を受け取ってノイズ除去を施して前記ノイズ除去後信号を出力する第2のノイズ除去部と
を備える復調装置。 - 前記第2のノイズ除去部は全ての前記アンテナの前記第2の除去パラメータと全ての前記アンテナの前記合成パラメータを用いてノイズ除去を行う請求項4に記載の復調装置。
- 前記第2の除去パラメータ記憶部は前記第2の除去パラメータを予め調査して格納している請求項4に記載の復調装置。
- 前記第2の除去パラメータ調査部は前記ノイズ除去後信号を監視し、前記受信状況に応じて第2のノイズ除去部に指示する前記第2の除去パラメータを変更する請求項4に記載の復調装置。
- 前記第2の除去パラメータ調査部は前記第2のノイズ除去部に指示する前記第2の除去パラメータを変更するのに合わせて、前記第2の除去パラメータを前記第2の除去パラメータ記憶部に記憶させる請求項7に記載の復調装置。
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JP2012044483A (ja) * | 2010-08-19 | 2012-03-01 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | 受信装置および受信方法 |
WO2012086566A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 無線通信装置 |
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- 2009-05-07 JP JP2009528542A patent/JP4978696B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-07 WO PCT/JP2009/001995 patent/WO2009136494A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2012044483A (ja) * | 2010-08-19 | 2012-03-01 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | 受信装置および受信方法 |
WO2012086566A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 無線通信装置 |
JP5464628B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2014-04-09 | シャープ株式会社 | 無線通信装置 |
US8818306B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2014-08-26 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Wireless communication device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4978696B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
US20110051866A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
JPWO2009136494A1 (ja) | 2011-09-08 |
US8345807B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 |
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