WO2009130898A1 - 発電制御装置および輸送機器 - Google Patents
発電制御装置および輸送機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009130898A1 WO2009130898A1 PCT/JP2009/001845 JP2009001845W WO2009130898A1 WO 2009130898 A1 WO2009130898 A1 WO 2009130898A1 JP 2009001845 W JP2009001845 W JP 2009001845W WO 2009130898 A1 WO2009130898 A1 WO 2009130898A1
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- output current
- current value
- command output
- value
- power generation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation control device that controls an output current of a generator and a transport device including the power generation control device.
- a power generation system used for a vehicle such as an automobile has an AC generator and a regulator (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the alternator is driven by the engine and generates an alternating current.
- the regulator converts the alternating current generated by the alternating current generator into a direct current and outputs it.
- the output current of the power generation system is supplied to an electric load such as a lamp and a battery. Thereby, power is consumed by the electric load and the battery is charged.
- the output current value cannot be changed according to the load current value or the state of charge / discharge of the battery.
- the output current can be controlled by controlling the field current of the field winding of the three-phase AC generator.
- a flywheel magneto generator which is a magnetic three-phase AC generator, is used.
- a permanent magnet is used for the flywheel magneto generator. Therefore, the output current cannot be controlled by controlling the field current.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a power generation control device capable of controlling an output current of an AC generator driven by an engine to an arbitrary value, and a transportation device including the power generation control device.
- a power generation control device is a power generation control device that controls an output current of an AC generator driven by an engine, and converts an AC current output from the AC generator into a DC current.
- a rectifier circuit and a control unit that controls the output current value of the rectifier circuit to a target output current value by performing phase angle control of the rectifier circuit, wherein the control unit includes a first command output current that is equal to or greater than the target output current value.
- a second command output current value equal to or less than the target output current value, and an average value of the first command output current value and the second command output current value within a predetermined period is equal to the target output current value
- the first control period for performing phase angle control of the rectifier circuit according to the first command output current value within the predetermined period and the second control for performing phase angle control of the rectifier circuit according to the second command output current value It controls the ratio with the period. .
- the controller determines a first command output current value that is greater than or equal to the target output current value and a second command output current value that is less than or equal to the target output current value.
- the control unit performs phase angle control of the rectifier circuit in accordance with the first command output current value in the first control period within the predetermined period, and rectifies in accordance with the second command output current value in the second control period within the predetermined period. Controls the phase angle of the circuit.
- the controller controls the first control period and the second control period so that an average value of the first command output current value and the second command output current value within a predetermined period is equal to the target output current value. Control the ratio with the control period.
- the average output current value of the rectifier circuit can be controlled to an arbitrary value by setting the target output current value to an arbitrary value. Therefore, an arbitrary output current can be supplied to the load.
- the power generation control device further includes a current detector that detects an output current value of the rectifier circuit, and the control unit includes an average value of the output current values detected by the current detector within a predetermined period and a target output current value.
- the ratio between the first control period and the second control period may be changed so that the average value of the output current values becomes equal to the target output current value based on the difference.
- the first control period and the first control period are set so that the average value of the output current values becomes equal to the target output current value based on the difference between the average value of the output current values detected by the current detector and the target output current value.
- the ratio to the control period of 2 is changed.
- the control unit changes the first command output current value and the second command output current value when the target output current value is changed, and the average value within a predetermined period is the target output current value.
- the ratio between the first control period and the second control period may be changed to be equal to.
- the AC generator may be a magnet type AC generator having a permanent magnet. Even in this case, the average output current value of the rectifier circuit can be controlled to an arbitrary value.
- the rectifier circuit may include a bridge circuit including a plurality of switching elements, and the control unit may perform phase angle control of the plurality of switching elements in accordance with the first and second command output current values.
- the output current value of the rectifier circuit is controlled by controlling the phase angle of the plurality of switching elements.
- the first and second command output current values may have discrete values. Even in this case, the average output current value of the rectifier circuit can be made equal to an arbitrary target output current value.
- a transport device includes a main body, an engine provided in the main body, a drive unit that moves the main body by rotation of the engine, and an AC generator that is driven by rotation of the engine.
- a generator control device that controls the output current of the AC generator driven by the engine, the generator control device converting the AC current output from the AC generator into a DC current, and the phase of the rectifier circuit
- a control unit that controls the output current value of the rectifier circuit to a target output current value by performing angle control, and the control unit has a first command output current value that is greater than or equal to the target output current value and a value that is less than or equal to the target output current value
- a second command output current value is determined, and the average value of the first command output current value and the second command output current value within the predetermined period is equal to the target output current value within the predetermined period.
- First command output current And it controls the ratio of the first control period and the second control period for phase angle control of the rectifier circuit according to the second command output current value for phase angle control of the
- the drive unit moves the main unit by the rotation of the engine.
- the power generation control device when the AC generator is driven by the engine, an AC current is output from the AC generator, and the AC current is converted into a DC current by the rectifier circuit.
- the controller determines a first command output current value that is greater than or equal to the target output current value and a second command output current value that is less than or equal to the target output current value.
- the control unit performs phase angle control of the rectifier circuit in accordance with the first command output current value in the first control period within the predetermined period, and rectifies in accordance with the second command output current value in the second control period within the predetermined period. Controls the phase angle of the circuit.
- the controller controls the first control period and the second control period so that an average value of the first command output current value and the second command output current value within a predetermined period is equal to the target output current value. Control the ratio with the control period.
- the average output current value of the rectifier circuit can be controlled to an arbitrary value by setting the target output current value to an arbitrary value. Therefore, an arbitrary output current can be supplied to the load.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a motorcycle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric system of the motorcycle provided with the power generation control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing examples of a basic clock signal, a trigger signal, an output voltage, and an output current.
- FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing an example of the basic clock signal, trigger signal, output voltage, and output current.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an output current in the power generation control device.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of output current control in the power generation control device.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an output current control process of the power generation control device by the CPU of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric system of a motorcycle provided with the power generation control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an output current in the power generation control device.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an output current control process of the power generation control device by the CPU of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a motorcycle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric system of the motorcycle provided with the power generation control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a head pipe 32 is provided at the front end of the main body frame 31.
- a handle 33 is provided at the upper end of the head pipe 32.
- a front fork 34 is attached to the lower end of the head pipe 32. In this state, the front fork 34 is rotatable within a predetermined angle range around the axis of the head pipe 32.
- a front wheel 35 is rotatably supported at the lower end of the front fork 34.
- the engine 30 is provided at the center of the main body frame 31.
- the engine 30 is provided with a flywheel magneto generator (hereinafter abbreviated as magneto generator) 1, and a power generation control device 2 is provided in the vicinity of the magneto generator 1.
- the battery 3 is provided in the lower part of the main body sheet 36 or in the side cover.
- the rear arm 37 is connected to the main body frame 31 so as to extend to the rear of the engine 30.
- the rear arm 37 rotatably holds the rear wheel 38 and the rear wheel driven sprocket 39.
- a chain 40 is attached to the rear wheel driven sprocket 39.
- the headlight 4a is attached to the front of the head pipe 32, and the taillight 4b is attached to the rear of the main body sheet 36.
- the 2 includes a magneto generator 1, a power generation control device 2, a battery 3 and an electric load 4.
- the electric load 4 includes, for example, the headlight 4a, the taillight 4b, the brake lamp, and the blinker shown in FIG.
- the magneto generator 1 is a magnet type three-phase AC generator, and has a rotor and a stator. A permanent magnet is attached to the rotor, and stator coils 1a, 1b, and 1c are provided on the stator. The magneto generator 1 generates power with the stator coils 1a to 1c and generates an alternating current when the rotor rotates together with the crankshaft of the engine 30 (FIG. 1).
- the power generation control device 2 includes a microcomputer 5, a voltage dividing circuit 6, and a three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7.
- the stator coils 1a, 1b, 1c of the magneto generator 1 are connected to the nodes Na, Nb, Nc.
- the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 includes three diodes 7a and three thyristors 7b. Three diodes 7a are connected between the negative power supply line L2 and the nodes Na, Nb, and Nc, respectively, and three thyristors 7b are connected between the positive power supply line L1 and the nodes Na, Nb, and Nc, respectively. Is done.
- the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 converts the alternating current generated by the magneto generator 1 into a direct current.
- the voltage dividing circuit 6 divides the alternating voltages of the nodes Na, Nb, and Nc, respectively, and outputs the divided voltages to the microcomputer 5.
- the microcomputer 5 includes an I / O (input / output) port 51, a CPU (central processing unit) 52, an A / D (analog / digital) converter 53, and a memory 54.
- the A / D converter 53 converts the output voltage of the voltage dividing circuit 6 into a digital voltage value.
- the memory 54 is composed of, for example, a non-volatile memory, and stores a control program, a target output current value, first and second command output current values, a duty ratio, and the like which will be described later.
- the CPU 52 operates in synchronization with the basic clock signal CK.
- the basic clock signal CK may be generated inside the microcomputer 5 or may be given from the outside of the microcomputer 5.
- the operating frequency of the microcomputer 5 is determined by the frequency of the basic clock signal CK.
- the CPU 52 detects the rotational speed of the engine 10 and its fluctuation based on the voltage value obtained by the A / D converter 53. Further, the CPU 52 executes an output current control process, which will be described later, according to a control program stored in the memory 54, and gives a trigger signal to the gate of the thyristor 7b via the I / O port 51, thereby controlling the phase angle of the thyristor 7b. Do.
- the current output from the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 is controlled by controlling the timing of the trigger signal.
- a battery 3 and an electric load 4 are connected between the positive power line L1 and the negative power line L2.
- the current output from the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 is supplied to the battery 3 and the electric load 4. Thereby, the battery 3 is charged and the electric load 4 consumes power.
- FIG. 3 and 4 are waveform diagrams showing examples of the basic clock signal CK, the trigger signal TR, the output voltage, and the output current.
- the basic clock signal CK supplied to the CPU 52, the trigger signal TR supplied to one thyristor 7b, the output voltage for one phase of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7, and the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 The output current for one phase is shown.
- the period T of the basic clock signal CK corresponds to the control period of the microcomputer 5 and is, for example, 40 ⁇ sec.
- the trigger signal TR rises in synchronization with the basic clock signal CK. Therefore, the timing of the trigger signal TR is controlled in units of the control cycle T.
- the CPU 52 detects the rising edge of the output voltage at time t1, and raises the pulse of the trigger signal TR in synchronization with the rising edge of the basic clock signal CK at time t2.
- the thyristor 7b is turned on in response to the rising edge of the trigger signal TR.
- current flows through the diode 7a and the thyristor 7b from time t2 to time t3.
- the value of the output current is 7.5A.
- the CPU 52 detects the rise of the output voltage at time t1, and raises the pulse of the trigger signal TR in synchronization with the rise of the basic clock signal CK at time t3.
- the thyristor 7b is turned on in response to the rising edge of the trigger signal TR.
- current flows through the diode 7a and the thyristor 7b from time t4 to time t3.
- the value of the output current is 8.5A.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the output current in the power generation control device 2.
- the value of the output current is 7.5A
- the pulse of the trigger signal TR is raised at the timing of the example of FIG.
- the value of the output current is 8.5A.
- the output current Since the timing of the trigger signal TR is controlled in units of the control cycle T, the output current has a discrete value. In the above case, the value of the output current cannot be controlled to 8.0 A by controlling the timing (phase angle) of the trigger signal TR. In the power generation control device 2 according to the present embodiment, the output current can be controlled to an arbitrary value by the following method.
- the CPU 52 sets the current control cycle Tc.
- the current control cycle Tc is set sufficiently larger than the rotation cycle (for example, 50 msec) in the idling state of the engine 30.
- the current control cycle Tc is composed of a first control period ta and a second control period tb as shown in the following equation (1).
- Tc ta + tb (1) Further, the ratio of the first control period ta to the current control period Tc is called a duty ratio Rd.
- the first control period ta and the second control period tb are set to an integral multiple of the control cycle T of the microcomputer 5.
- the duty ratio Rd may be changed by making the current control period Tc constant and adjusting the first control period ta and the second control period tb. Further, the duty ratio Rd may be changed by making the first control period ta constant and adjusting the second control period tb and the current control period Tc.
- the CPU 52 controls the output current of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 according to the first command output current value I1 in the first control period ta, and the second command output current value I2 in the second control period tb.
- the output current of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 is controlled according to That is, the CPU 52 controls the phase angle of the thyristor 7b so that the output current of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 becomes equal to the first command output current value I1 in the first control period ta, and the second control period tb.
- the phase angle of the thyristor 7b is controlled so that the output current of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 becomes equal to the second command output current value I2.
- the CPU 52 uses the first command output current value I1 and the second command output current value I2 so that the average output current value of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 in the current control period Tc is equal to the target output current value Itar.
- the duty ratio Rd is set.
- the duty ratio Rd is set so as to satisfy the following expression (3).
- the CPU 52 controls the first command output current value I1, the second command output current value I2, and the duty ratio Rd, thereby obtaining the average output current value of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 as an arbitrary target output.
- the current value Itar can be controlled.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of output current control in the power generation control device 2.
- the target output current value Itar is set to 8.0A.
- the first command output current value I1 is set to 7.5A
- the second command output current value I2 is set to 8.5A.
- the duty ratio Rd is set to 0.5. That is, the first control period ta and the second control period tb are equal. In this case, the average output current value Iave is 8.0A.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an output current control process of the power generation control device 2 by the CPU 52 of the microcomputer 5.
- the CPU 52 determines whether or not the target output current value Itar has been changed (step S1).
- the target output current value Itar is changed based on the state of the motorcycle 100, for example.
- a plurality of target output current values Itar are stored in advance in the memory 54 corresponding to the state of the motorcycle 100.
- the state of the motorcycle 100 is, for example, an idling state, an acceleration state, a deceleration state, and a constant speed state of the engine 30.
- the state of the motorcycle 100 is not limited to these states.
- the target output current value Itar may be changed based on the charge state and the discharge state of the battery 3.
- the CPU 52 performs the phase angle control of the thyristor 7b by the trigger signal TR during the first control period ta at the first command output current value I1 (step S2).
- step S3 the CPU 52 performs phase angle control of the thyristor 7b with the trigger signal TR during the second control period tb with the second command output current value I2 (step S3). Thereafter, the CPU 52 returns to the process of step S1.
- the average output current value Iave is controlled to the target output current value Itar by repeatedly executing the processes of steps S1 to S3.
- the CPU 52 determines the first command output current value I1 and the second command output current value I2 that are close to the changed target output current value Itar (Ste S4).
- the first command output current value I1 and the second command output current value I2 are set to values above and below the target output current value Itar.
- step S3 determines the duty ratio Rd from the above equation (3) (step S3). Accordingly, the first control period ta and the second control period tb are calculated from the above equation (2). Thereafter, the CPU 52 returns to the process of step S1, and changes the first command output current value I1, the second command output current value I2, the duty ratio Rd, the first control period ta, and the second control period tb. Steps S1 to S3 are repeatedly executed using As a result, the average output current value Iave is controlled to the changed target output current value Itar.
- the first output current value Itar is determined under the limitation of the control cycle T of the microcomputer 5. It can be set to any value between the command output current value I1 and the second command output current value I2. Thereby, the average output current value Iave of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 can be controlled to an arbitrary value. Accordingly, an arbitrary output current can be supplied to the electric load and the battery 3. Further, by arbitrarily changing the target output current value Itar based on the state of the motorcycle 100 or the state of the battery 3, the value of the output current supplied to the electric load and the battery 3 can be arbitrarily changed. .
- FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the electric system of a motorcycle equipped with the power generation control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a current sensor 8 for detecting the output current value of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 is further provided.
- the current sensor 8 is connected to the positive power supply line L2.
- An output signal of the current sensor 8 is given to the microcomputer 5.
- the A / D converter 53 of the microcomputer 5 converts the output signal of the current sensor 8 into a digital current value.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an output current in the power generation control device 2.
- the target output current value Itar is 8.0A.
- the first command output current value I1 is set to 7.5A
- the second command output current value I2 is set to 8.5A
- the duty ratio Rd is set to 0.5.
- the output current value Ir1 of the three-phase mixing bridge circuit 7 is the first due to the variation in the characteristics of the magneto generator 1 or the temperature change. 1 does not coincide with the command output current value I1, and becomes 7.0A.
- the output current value Ir2 of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 matches the second command output current value I2.
- the actual average output current value Iave from the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 is lower than the target output current value Itar.
- the duty ratio Rd is changed based on the output current value detected by the current sensor 8.
- the duty ratio Rd is changed to a value smaller than 0.5. That is, the second control period tb is longer than the first control period ta.
- the actual average output current value Iave matches the target output current value Itar.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an output current control process of the power generation control device 2 by the CPU 52 of the microcomputer 5.
- the current integrated value of the output current value in the first control period ta is I1sum
- the current integrated value of the output current value in the second control period tb is I2sum.
- the integrated value is I1'sum until the previous output current value in the first control period ta
- the integrated value is I2'sum until the previous output current value in the second control period tb.
- the initial values of the integrated values I1'sum and I2'sum are zero.
- the CPU 52 determines whether or not the target output current value Itar has been changed (step S11).
- the target output current value Itar is changed based on, for example, the state of the motorcycle 100 or the state of the battery 3 as in the first embodiment.
- the CPU 52 determines whether the current command current value is the first command output current value I1 or the second command output current value I2 (step S12). .
- the CPU 52 controls the phase angle of the thyristor 7b by the trigger signal TR with the first command output current value I1 (step S12). S13).
- the CPU 52 reads the output current value I1r detected by the current sensor 8 (step S14). Next, the CPU 52 adds the output current value I1r to the integrated value I1'sum until the previous time in the first control period ta, and sets the addition result as the current integrated value I1sum in the first control period ta (step S15).
- the CPU 52 performs the phase angle control of the thyristor 7b by the trigger signal TR with the second command output current value I2 (step S12). S16).
- the CPU 52 reads the output current value I2r detected by the current sensor 8 (step S17). Next, the CPU 52 adds the output current value I2r to the integrated value I2'sum until the previous time in the second control period tb, and sets the addition result as the current integrated value I2sum in the second control period tb (step S18).
- step S19 the CPU 52 determines whether or not the current control cycle Tc has elapsed. That is, the CPU 52 determines whether or not the first control period ta and the second control period tb have ended. If the current control period Tc has not elapsed, the CPU 52 returns to the process of step S11.
- the CPU 52 calculates the average output current value Iave within the current control cycle Tc from the following equation (4) (step S20).
- the CPU 52 determines the first average output current value I1ave in the first control period ta and the second average output current in the second control period tb.
- the value I2ave is calculated from the following equations (5) and (6) (step S22).
- I1ave I1sum / TA
- I2ave I2sum / TB (6)
- TA is the number of readings of the output current value I1r within the first control period ta
- TB is the number of readings of the output current value I2r within the second control period tb. It is.
- the CPU 52 calculates the duty ratio from the following equation (7) based on the first average output current value I1ave and the second average output current value I2ave so that the average output current value Iave is equal to the target output current value Itar. Rd is calculated (step S23).
- the CPU 52 determines the first command output current value I1 and the second command output current value I2 that are close to the changed target output current value Itar (Ste S24).
- the first command output current value I1 and the second command output current value I2 are set to values above and below the target output current value Itar.
- step S25 the CPU 52 determines the duty ratio Rd from the above equation (3) (step S25). Accordingly, the first control period ta and the second control period tb are calculated from the above equation (2). Thereafter, the CPU 52 returns to the process of step S11, and the changed first command output current value I1, second command output current value I2, duty ratio Rd, first control period ta, and second control period tb. Steps S11 to S23 are repeatedly executed using As a result, the average output current value Iave is feedback controlled to the target output current value Itar after the change.
- the first output current value Itar is determined under the limitation of the control cycle T of the microcomputer 5. It can be set to any value between the command output current value I1 and the second command output current value I2. Thereby, the average output current value Iave of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 can be controlled to an arbitrary value. Accordingly, an arbitrary output current can be supplied to the electric load and the battery 3. Further, by arbitrarily changing the target output current value Itar based on the state of the motorcycle 100 or the state of the battery 3, the value of the output current supplied to the electric load and the battery 3 can be arbitrarily changed. .
- the average output current value of the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 can be feedback-controlled so that Iave is surely equal to the target output current value Itar. Therefore, an output current that matches the target output current value Itar can be accurately supplied to the electric load and the battery 3.
- the flywheel magneto generator 1 is used as an example of an AC generator.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other magneto generators may be used.
- an AC generator having a field winding may be used as the AC generator.
- the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 including the diode 7a and the thyristor 7b is used as the rectifier circuit.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other rectifier circuits may be used.
- various half-wave rectifier circuits and various full-wave rectifier circuits can be used as the rectifier circuit.
- a transistor may be used as the switching element instead of the thyristor 7b.
- control part is comprised by the microcomputer 5 and a control program, it is not limited to this, You may comprise a control part by a logic circuit.
- the power generation control device 2 is applied to the scooter type motorcycle 100 as an example of transportation equipment, but is not limited to this.
- the power generation control device 2 may be applied to a motorcycle other than the scooter type (for example, a saddle riding type motorcycle).
- the power generation control device 2 can be applied to various transportation equipment such as an automatic tricycle, an automatic four-wheel vehicle, and a ship.
- the power generation control device 2 can be applied to transportation equipment that does not have a battery.
- the magneto generator 1 is an example of an AC generator or a magnet type AC generator
- the three-phase mixed bridge circuit 7 is an example of a rectifier circuit or a bridge circuit
- the microcomputer 5 is an example of a control unit.
- the current sensor 8 is an example of a current detector
- the thyristor 7b is an example of a switching element.
- the current control cycle Tc is an example of a predetermined period
- the first control period ta is an example of a first control period
- the second control period tb is an example of a second control period.
- the part of the motorcycle 100 excluding the power generation control device 2 and the rear wheel 39 is an example of the main body, and the rear wheel 39 is an example of the drive unit.
- the present invention can be widely applied to power generation systems in various transportation equipment such as motorcycles, motor tricycles, motor four-wheeled vehicles, and ships.
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Abstract
Description
(1-1)発電制御装置および自動二輪車の構成
図1は本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る自動二輪車の側面図である。図2は本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る発電制御装置を備えた自動二輪車の電気系統の構成を示すブロック図である。
次に、本実施の形態に係る発電制御装置2の動作について説明する。図3および図4は基本クロック信号CK、トリガー信号TR、出力電圧および出力電流の例を示す波形図である。
また、電流制御周期Tcに対する第1の制御期間taの割合をデューティ比Rdと呼ぶ。
ここで、第1の制御期間taおよび第2の制御期間tbはマイクロコンピュータ5の制御周期Tの整数倍に設定される。電流制御周期Tcを一定にし、第1の制御期間taおよび第2の制御期間tbを調整することによりデューティ比Rdを変更してもよい。また、第1の制御期間taを一定にし、第2の制御期間tbおよび電流制御周期Tcを調整することによりデューティ比Rdを変更してもよい。
このように、CPU52は、第1の指令出力電流値I1、第2の指令出力電流値I2およびデューティ比Rdを制御することにより、三相混合ブリッジ回路7の平均出力電流値を任意の目標出力電流値Itarに制御することができる。
第1の実施の形態に係る発電制御装置2によれば、目標出力電流値Itarをマイクロコンピュータ5の制御周期Tの制限下で決定される第1の指令出力電流値I1と第2の指令出力電流値I2との間の任意の値に設定することができる。それにより、三相混合ブリッジ回路7の平均出力電流値Iaveを任意の値に制御することが可能となる。したがって、電気負荷およびバッテリ3に任意の値の出力電流を供給することができる。また、自動二輪車100の状態またはバッテリ3の状態等に基づいて目標出力電流値Itarを任意に変更することにより、電気負荷およびバッテリ3に供給される出力電流の値を任意に変更することができる。
(2-1)発電制御装置および自動二輪車の構成
図8は本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る発電制御装置を備えた自動二輪車の電気系統の構成を示すブロック図である。
マグネトウジェネレータ1の特性のばらつきまたは温度変化等により三相混合ブリッジ回路7からの実際の出力電流値と第1の指令出力電流値I1または第2の指令出力電流値I2との間に誤差が生じる場合がある。本実施の形態に係る発電制御装置2では、このような誤差が生じる場合でも、以下に示す方法により三相混合ブリッジ回路7の平均出力電流値を目標出力電流値Itarに一致させることができる。
そして、CPU52は、平均出力電流値Iaveが目標出力電流値Itarと等しいか否かを判定する(ステップS21)。
I2ave=I2sum/TB …(6)
上式(5),(6)において、TAは第1の制御期間ta内での出力電流値I1rの読み込み回数であり、TBは第2の制御期間tb内での出力電流値I2rの読み込み回数である。
これにより、デューティ比Rdが更新される。デューティ比Rdの更新に伴って第1の制御期間taおよび第2の制御期間tbが更新される。その後、CPU52は、ステップS11の処理に戻る。ステップS11~S23の処理が繰り返し実行されることにより、平均出力電流値Iaveが目標出力電流値Itarにフィードバック制御される。
第2の実施の形態に係る発電制御装置2によれば、目標出力電流値Itarをマイクロコンピュータ5の制御周期Tの制限下で決定される第1の指令出力電流値I1と第2の指令出力電流値I2との間の任意の値に設定することができる。それにより、三相混合ブリッジ回路7の平均出力電流値Iaveを任意の値に制御することが可能となる。したがって、電気負荷およびバッテリ3に任意の値の出力電流を供給することができる。また、自動二輪車100の状態またはバッテリ3の状態等に基づいて目標出力電流値Itarを任意に変更することにより、電気負荷およびバッテリ3に供給される出力電流の値を任意に変更することができる。
上記実施の形態のでは、交流発電機の一例としてフライホイールマグネトウジェネレータ1が用いられるが、これに限定されず、他のマグネトウジェネレータを用いてもよい。例えば、交流発電機として界磁巻線を有する交流発電機を用いてもよい。
以下、請求項の各構成要素と実施の形態の各構成要素との対応の例について説明するが、本発明は下記の例に限定されない。
Claims (7)
- エンジンにより駆動される交流発電機の出力電流を制御する発電制御装置であって、
前記交流発電機から出力される交流電流を直流電流に変換する整流回路と、
前記整流回路の位相角制御を行うことにより前記整流回路の出力電流値を目標出力電流値に制御する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記目標出力電流値以上の第1の指令出力電流値および前記目標出力電流値以下の第2の指令出力電流値を決定し、所定期間内での前記第1の指令出力電流値と前記第2の指令出力電流値との平均値が前記目標出力電流値に等しくなるように、前記所定期間内で前記第1の指令出力電流値に従って前記整流回路の位相角制御を行う第1の制御期間と前記第2の指令出力電流値に従って前記整流回路の位相角制御を行う第2の制御期間との割合を制御する、発電制御装置。 - 前記整流回路の出力電流値を検出する電流検出器をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、前記所定期間内で前記電流検出器により検出された出力電流値の平均値と前記目標出力電流値とに差がある場合に、前記差に基づいて前記出力電流値の平均値が前記目標出力電流値と等しくなるように前記第1の制御期間と前記第2の制御期間との割合を変更する、請求項1記載の発電制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記目標出力電流値が変更された場合に、前記第1の指令出力電流値および前記第2の指令出力電流値を変更するとともに、前記所定期間内での前記平均値が前記目標出力電流値に等しくなるように前記第1の制御期間と前記第2の制御期間との割合を変更する、請求項1記載の発電制御装置。
- 前記交流発電機は、永久磁石を有する磁石式交流発電機である、請求項1記載の発電制御装置。
- 前記整流回路は、複数のスイッチング素子を含むブリッジ回路を含み、
前記制御部は、前記第1および第2の指令出力電流値に従って前記複数のスイッチング素子の位相角制御を行う、請求項1記載の発電制御装置。 - 前記第1および第2の指令出力電流値は離散的な値を有する、請求項1記載の発電制御装置。
- 本体部と、
前記本体部に設けられるエンジンと、
前記エンジンの回転により前記本体部を移動させる駆動部と、
前記エンジンの回転により駆動される交流発電機と、
前記エンジンにより駆動される交流発電機の出力電流を制御する発電制御装置とを備え、
前記発電制御装置は、
前記交流発電機から出力される交流電流を直流電流に変換する整流回路と、
前記整流回路の位相角制御を行うことにより前記整流回路の出力電流値を目標出力電流値に制御する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記目標出力電流値以上の第1の指令出力電流値および前記目標出力電流値以下の第2の指令出力電流値を決定し、所定期間内での前記第1の指令出力電流値と前記第2の指令出力電流値との平均値が前記目標出力電流値に等しくなるように、前記所定期間内で前記第1の指令出力電流値に従って前記整流回路の位相角制御を行う第1の制御期間と前記第2の指令出力電流値に従って前記整流回路の位相角制御を行う第2の制御期間との割合を制御する、輸送機器。
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