WO2009130740A1 - 鉛蓄電池 - Google Patents
鉛蓄電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009130740A1 WO2009130740A1 PCT/JP2008/001082 JP2008001082W WO2009130740A1 WO 2009130740 A1 WO2009130740 A1 WO 2009130740A1 JP 2008001082 W JP2008001082 W JP 2008001082W WO 2009130740 A1 WO2009130740 A1 WO 2009130740A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- battery
- bottom wall
- small chamber
- exhaust path
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title abstract description 68
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 53
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910020220 Pb—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
- H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lead storage battery, particularly a vent type lead storage battery.
- lead-acid batteries for starting automobiles are designed to immerse all the positive and negative electrode plates in an electrolyte of dilute sulfuric acid, and discharge oxygen and hydrogen gas generated inside the battery to the outside of the battery.
- a so-called vent type lead-acid battery in which a liquid plug having an exhaust port is attached to the battery lid is the mainstream.
- a negative electrode absorption control valve type lead acid battery in which oxygen gas generated inside the battery is absorbed by the negative electrode plate exposed from the electrolyte is also used.
- oxygen gas generated from the positive electrode plate is absorbed by the negative electrode plate during charging, thereby suppressing hydrogen generation from the negative electrode plate and reducing water in the electrolytic solution due to electrolysis of water. Is suppressed.
- the control valve type lead-acid battery basically eliminates the need for water replenishment to the electrolytic solution, and is excellent in maintainability.
- the negative electrode plate is exposed from the electrolytic solution, the amount of the electrolytic solution is limited as compared with the bent lead-acid battery, and as a result, the battery capacity is reduced.
- vent type lead-acid batteries do not undergo oxygen gas negative electrode absorption reaction, unlike control valve-type lead acid batteries, due to their structure. Therefore, the hydrogen gas generated on the negative electrode plate is discharged to the outside of the battery through the exhaust port together with the oxygen gas generated on the positive electrode plate. Furthermore, the reduction of moisture due to the discharge from the exhaust port proceeds not only by the electrolysis but also by evaporation.
- a lead-acid battery for starting an automobile is usually installed in a high-temperature engine room, so that the reduction of the electrolytic solution due to evaporation of moisture is more likely to proceed.
- the decrease in the electrolyte is caused by the electrolyte mist generated by the fluctuation of the electrolyte due to acceleration and vibration during vehicle travel, and the degassing of oxygen gas and hydrogen gas generated during charging from the electrolyte surface. It also proceeds by being discharged out of the battery through the mouth.
- a porous body is arranged between the inside of the battery and the exhaust port of the liquid port plug, the pressure loss value due to the porous body, An example in which the pore size distribution is defined is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the amount of decrease in the electrolyte of the vent type lead-acid battery is More than the amount of decrease in the control valve type lead acid battery.
- each cell chamber is closed by a valve in a state where the entire cell composed of both positive and negative electrode plates is immersed in an electrolyte (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the valve opens in accordance with the increase in the internal pressure of the battery cell chamber, so that the internal pressure of the battery cell chamber rises to at least the valve opening pressure. Therefore, when the valve opening pressure of the valve cannot be set uniformly in each cell chamber, the partition wall partitioning the cell chamber is deformed due to the internal pressure difference with the adjacent cell chamber. As a result, there has been a problem that the position of the electrolyte surface varies greatly between the cell chambers. Due to this variation, the electrolytic solution easily overflows outside the battery in the cell chamber where the electrolytic solution level has risen. Moreover, in the cell chamber in which the electrolytic solution level is lowered, the strap may be exposed from the electrolytic solution surface and the strap may be corroded.
- the cell chamber on the lower valve opening pressure side becomes the cell on the higher valve opening pressure side between the adjacent cell chambers.
- the valve opens at a lower internal pressure than the chamber.
- an internal pressure difference is generated between adjacent cell chambers, and due to the internal pressure difference, the partition wall is deformed so as to swell greatly toward the cell chamber side having a low internal pressure.
- the partition walls are plastically deformed. As a result, even if the internal pressure difference between the cell chambers is eliminated, the deformation of the partition walls is not restored.
- the volume of the cell chamber varies greatly due to the plastically deformed partition walls.
- the position of the electrolyte surface greatly varies between cell chambers. That is, since the valve opening pressure is high, the volume of the cell chamber that is greatly expanded due to the internal pressure difference is increased, and the height of the electrolyte surface is greatly reduced. On the contrary, since the valve opening pressure is low, the volume of the cell chamber, which has already been opened and the internal pressure is reduced, is reduced due to the deformation of the partition walls, and the height of the electrolyte surface is increased.
- the present invention includes a cell having a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, a cell chamber for storing the electrode plate surfaces of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate immersed in an electrolyte, and exhausting gas generated on the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.
- a lead-acid battery having a gas discharge means for performing the operation, wherein the gas discharge means is placed on a small chamber having a first exhaust path having an opening on the cell chamber side provided on the battery lid, and on the bottom wall of the small chamber
- a cover that covers the opening of the first exhaust path, a drop-off prevention member having a second exhaust path provided in the upper portion of the small chamber, and at least a portion between the bottom wall around the opening and the cover And a space allowing movement of the cover between the cover and the drop-off prevention member in the small chamber, and gas is passed through the first exhaust path, the gap, and the second exhaust path. It has a configuration for discharging to the outside.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a cross-section of the main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of the main part of another example of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of a main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a cross-section of the main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of the main part of another example of a lead storage battery according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the gas discharge means according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas discharging means in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of a lead storage battery in a comparative example.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of a lead storage battery in another comparative example.
- battery a lead storage battery
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of lead-acid battery 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a cross-section of the main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the lead storage battery 1 of the present invention has a cell 5 including a positive electrode plate 2, a separator 3, and a negative electrode plate 4, by a partition wall 7 of a battery case 6, as in a conventional bent type lead storage battery.
- the cell chamber 8 is housed together with the electrolyte solution 9, and the upper part of the battery case 6 is closed by a battery lid 10 (hereinafter referred to as “lid”) provided with a gas discharge means.
- the position of the liquid surface of the electrolytic solution 9 is usually set above the upper surface of the strap 11 that connects the positive and negative electrode plates 2 and 4 with the same polarity.
- the strap 11 is made of a Pb alloy such as a Pb—Sb alloy or a Pb—Sn alloy. This is because when the strap 11 is exposed from the electrolytic solution 9, the exposed surface of the strap 11 comes into contact with the sulfuric acid content in the electrolytic solution 9 and oxygen gas in the air at the same time, so that the sulfuric acid content is consumed on the surface of the strap 11. This is to prevent the corrosion of the Pb alloy from being accelerated from neutral to alkaline. Therefore, it is preferable to store the entire surface of the electrode plate surfaces of the strap 11, the positive electrode plate 2, and the negative electrode plate 4 while being immersed in the electrolytic solution 9.
- a Pb alloy such as a Pb—Sb alloy or a Pb—Sn alloy.
- the gas discharging means 12 includes a small chamber 14 having at least a bottom wall 15, a drop-off preventing member 19 provided on the upper portion of the small chamber 14, and a cover 16 accommodated in the small chamber 14.
- the bottom wall 15 of the small chamber 14 has an opening 13a that becomes the first exhaust path 13 on the cell chamber 8 side, and the drop prevention member 19 has a through hole that becomes the second exhaust path 17. is doing.
- the cover 16 is placed so as to cover the opening 13 a of the small chamber 14, and is prevented from falling out of the small chamber 14 by the drop-off preventing member 19.
- the first protrusion 20 is formed on the cover 16 in order to form a gap 18 formed at least in part between the bottom wall 15 around the opening 13 a and the cover 16.
- the second protrusion 21 is provided so as to face the drop-off prevention member 19.
- the small chamber 14 has a space of, for example, a distance x shown in the drawing between the drop-off preventing member 19 and the second protrusion 21 of the cover body 16, and for example, the cover 16 is moved up and down by this space. Is acceptable.
- Oxygen gas and hydrogen gas generated in the electrode plate and staying in the cell chamber 8 by the gas discharge means 12 having the above-described configuration pass through the first exhaust path 13, the gap 18 and the second exhaust path 17, and thereby the small chamber 14.
- the battery is discharged outside the battery.
- the distance x has been described between the second protrusion 21 of the cover 16 and the drop-off preventing member 19, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the cover does not have the second protrusion 21. In the case of 16, it is between the upper surface of the cover 16.
- the first protrusion 20 is provided on the surface of the cover 16 that faces the bottom wall 15 to form the gap 18
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the first protrusions may be provided discretely on the bottom wall 15 facing the cover 16, or the first protrusions may be provided discretely on both the cover 16 and the bottom wall 15.
- the grooves 15 a that reach at least the opening 13 a of the bottom wall 15 and reach the outer edge of at least the outer cover 16 are discrete. It may be provided.
- grooves that are exposed at least inside the opening 13a may be provided discretely on the side of the cover 16 that faces the bottom wall 15 of the small chamber 14.
- you may provide a groove part in both the bottom wall 15 and the cover body 16.
- the gas exhaust passage be bent by the gap 18.
- the gas generated in the cell chamber 8 by the first protrusion 20 or the groove 15a collides with the cover 16 in the process of being discharged to the outside of the battery, and the flow is bent. It is discharged into the small chamber 14.
- electrolyte mist and water vapor components contained in the gas are condensed on the surface of the cover 16 and are returned to the cell chamber 8 as droplets.
- the conventional electrolyte mist and water vapor component in the cell chamber 8 can be prevented from being directly discharged to the outside of the battery, and a decrease in the amount of the electrolyte can be suppressed.
- the battery when the battery is charged with a large current in a high temperature atmosphere, a large amount of electrolyte mist is generated in the cell chamber 8 due to gas generation.
- the electrolyte mist is condensed on the surface of the cover 16 and grows as droplets of the electrolyte.
- the droplet of the electrolytic solution temporarily closes the gap 18 due to the interfacial tension to increase the internal pressure in the cell chamber 8.
- the cover 16 is temporarily moved to the space indicated by the distance (height) x due to the increase in the internal pressure in the cell chamber 8, thereby closing the gap 18.
- the internal pressure is restored to atmospheric pressure, and the droplet of the electrolyte is recirculated into the cell chamber 8 through the opening 13a.
- the size of the gap 18 may be small enough to allow the gas in the cell chamber 8 to be released in a state where the cover 16 is placed on the bottom wall 15.
- the groove 15a when the groove 15a is formed, the groove 15a may have a width of about 0.5 mm and a depth of about 0.2 mm. It is not limited to these dimensions, and may be set within a range in which the gap 18 is secured and the effect of suppressing the decrease in the electrolytic solution is obtained.
- the opening area of the opening 13a may be an area that does not hinder the reflux of the electrolyte due to the interfacial tension of the electrolyte, and may be a circular opening 13a having a diameter of about 5 mm, for example.
- the drop-off prevention member 19 has been described as an example of a lid-like member that covers the small chamber 14, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the cover 16 that moves in the space of the small chamber 14 by the internal pressure in the cell chamber 8 only needs to have a configuration and function that does not fall off from the small chamber 14, and is particularly limited to the shape illustrated in FIG. is not.
- FIG. 1 in order to prevent the cover 16 from being temporarily placed on the opening 13a due to close contact with the drop-off preventing member 19 due to the interfacial tension of the electrolyte attached to the cover 16, FIG. As shown, it is preferable to provide the second protrusion 21 on the surface of the cover 16 that faces the drop-off prevention member 19. Thereby, the fall of the effect which suppresses the reduction
- the 2nd projection part 21 is for avoiding that the cover 16 and the drop-off prevention member 19 make surface contact and closely_contact
- the second protrusion 21 only needs to avoid surface contact between the cover 16 and the drop-off prevention member 19, so that a relatively small protrusion having a diameter of about 1.5 mm and a height of about 0.5 mm is sufficient. is there.
- the distance x between the cover 16 and the drop-off prevention member 19 can be arbitrarily set as long as the cover 16 can be moved upward.
- the outer diameter of the cover 16 is at least smaller than the inner diameter of the small chamber 14 and has a sufficient outer diameter to cover the opening 13a even when the position of the cover 16 is biased to one side in the small chamber 14. If you do.
- the cover body of a low dimensional accuracy can also be used. Therefore, it is not necessary to form the cover 16 with an expensive resin molded product.
- a polypropylene resin sheet material for example, a mold for forming the first protrusion and the second protrusion is used by using a press or the like. A punched material can be used.
- the gas in the cell chamber 8 passes through the first exhaust path 13 due to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery during charging or due to oxygen gas and hydrogen gas generated by self-discharge. Then, it is discharged into the small chamber 14 through a gap 18 provided between the cover 16 and the opening 13a. Finally, it is discharged to the outside of the battery through the second exhaust path 17.
- the gas is mainly discharged from the gap 18 to the outside of the battery.
- the cover 16 is placed on the opening 13 a of the bottom wall 15. It is a configuration.
- a gas exhaust path is provided between the cell chamber 8 and the outside of the battery by a gap 18 formed by the bottom wall 15 and the cover 16.
- the internal pressure of the cell chamber rises momentarily only by discharging the gas through the gap 18, but the cover 16 Move to the upper space.
- gas discharge from the opening part 13a is performed rapidly.
- the increase in the internal pressure of the cell chamber is suppressed, and the pressure variation in the cell chamber is reduced. This is because there is no variation in valve opening pressure due to variations in cap valve parts and materials that utilize the elasticity of rubber, unlike conventional control valve type lead-acid batteries.
- the present embodiment even if an internal pressure difference is temporarily generated between the cell chambers 8 due to large current charging, the amount of gas generated decreases due to completion of charging. It is surely discharged through. Thereby, the internal pressure of all the cell chambers 8 becomes atmospheric pressure, and the internal pressure difference between the cell chambers 8 is eliminated. Further, unlike the conventional control valve type lead-acid battery, the deformation of the partition wall 7 caused by the internal pressure difference remaining between the cell chambers 8 does not shift from the elastic deformation region to the plastic deformation region. As a result, even if the partition wall 7 is deformed, it can be easily restored, so that it is possible to reduce the variation in the position of the electrolyte surface and prevent problems such as overflow of the electrolyte solution and strap corrosion.
- the configuration of the lead storage battery of the present embodiment has a remarkable effect that cannot be obtained by the conventional control valve type lead storage battery.
- the temperature of the lead-acid battery drops from 80 ° C. to finally the outside temperature by stopping use.
- the volume of the gas in the cell chamber of the lead storage battery decreases with a decrease in temperature, and the internal pressure difference further proceeds due to a decrease in the internal pressure of the cell chamber. Due to the expansion of the internal pressure difference, cracks or peeling may occur in the joint due to the stress generated in the joint between the battery case and the lid or the joint between the partition wall and the lid.
- the outside air is introduced into the cell chamber 8 by the gap 18 provided between the cover 16 and the bottom wall 15, and finally the internal pressure of all the cell chambers 8 is increased. It becomes atmospheric pressure. As a result, it is not affected by changes in internal pressure due to changes in temperature unlike conventional control valve type lead-acid batteries, so stress concentration at the junction between the battery case and the lid or between the lid and the bulkhead is suppressed, resulting in high reliability. Lead storage battery can be realized.
- the drop-off prevention member 19 is preferably composed of a porous body having continuous pores.
- a sintered body of ceramics such as alumina or acid resistant resin such as polypropylene resin particles can be used as the porous body.
- hole in a porous body acts as the 2nd exhaust path 17 which discharges
- the porous body having meandering pores can suppress the ignition of the spark generated outside the battery to the oxygen / hydrogen gas retained in the cell chamber 8.
- the pore diameter of the porous body can be arbitrarily set in consideration of clogging by foreign matters such as dust and sand particles, the effect of suppressing the permeation of sparks, and the permeation speed of oxygen / hydrogen gas.
- a porous body having an average pore diameter of several tens to several hundreds of ⁇ m can be used as a drop-off preventing member.
- Embodiment 2 Below, the lead acid battery in Embodiment 2 of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 4 and FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of a main part of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the lead storage battery 22 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is an embodiment in that the gas discharging means 12 is disposed in the liquid stopper 23 attached to the liquid inlet 10a provided on the lid 10. 1 different from lead-acid battery 1.
- each component such as the positive electrode plate 2, the separator 3, the negative electrode plate 4, the cell 5, the battery case 6, the partition 7, the cell chamber 8, the electrolyte solution 9, the lid 10, and the strap 11 of the lead storage battery 22, is an embodiment. This is the same as the lead storage battery 1 of FIG.
- the liquid spout 23 is configured by accommodating the splash-proof body 27 and the gas discharge means 12 of the present embodiment in the interior formed by the cylindrical portion 23b and the top portion 23a, and the liquid spout 10a of the lid 10 is configured. It is inserted in.
- the splash-proof body 27 is not particularly required.
- the opening 13b of the small chamber body 24 is covered in order to prevent the splash of the electrolytic solution from entering the small chamber 14 and to prevent leakage of the electrolytic solution from the small chamber 14 to the outside of the battery. It is preferable to provide as described above.
- the gas discharge means 12 of the present embodiment is composed of a small chamber body 24 that defines the small chamber 14 and a cover 16 that is accommodated in the small chamber 14. .
- the small chamber body 24 is in contact with the top 23 a of the liquid spout 23.
- a through hole is provided as a second exhaust path 17 in the top 23 a of the liquid spout 23.
- the small chamber body 24 includes a bottom wall 15 and a side wall 25 erected from the bottom wall 15, and an opening 13 b serving as the first exhaust path 13 is formed in the bottom wall 15.
- a gap 18 is formed between the cover body 16 and the groove portion 15 a provided in the bottom wall 15 of the small chamber body 24.
- the outer periphery of the side wall 25 of the small chamber body 24 is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 23 b of the liquid spout 23. Further, the cover 16 is placed so as to cover at least the opening 13b of the small chamber body 24. At this time, the top portion 23a of the liquid spout 23 acts as a drop-off prevention member 19 that prevents the cover 16 from dropping out of the small chamber 14 in the first embodiment. For this reason, it is not necessary to separately provide a drop-off preventing member, and the configuration can be simplified.
- the gas discharge means 12 configured as described above has the same functions and effects as the components corresponding to the gas discharge means 12 of the first embodiment.
- the gas discharge means 12 configured as described above causes oxygen gas and hydrogen gas generated in the electrode plate and staying in the cell chamber 8 to pass through the first exhaust path 13, the gap 18 and the second exhaust path 17. It is discharged outside the battery via the small chamber 14.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of the main part of another example of the lead storage battery according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the filter 26 made of a porous material as shown in Embodiment 1 is disposed between the top 23 a of the liquid spigot 23 and the side wall 25 of the small chamber body 24. is there. At this time, pores in the filter 26 formed of a porous body also function as the second exhaust path 17 and also function as a member for preventing the cover 16 from falling off.
- the filter 26 made of a porous body is disposed between the cover 16 and the second exhaust path 17, whereby entry of foreign matters such as dust and sand particles into the small chamber 14 can be suppressed. Therefore, the cover 16 can be operated stably. Furthermore, for example, the porous body having meandering pores can suppress the ignition of the spark generated outside the battery to the oxygen / hydrogen gas retained in the cell chamber 8.
- the lead storage battery 22 in the present embodiment it is possible to suppress a decrease in the electrolytic solution as in the lead storage battery 1 of the first embodiment.
- deformation of the partition wall 7 due to the internal pressure difference and variation in the position (height) of the electrolytic solution due to this can be suppressed.
- the gas discharge means 12 is provided in the liquid port plug 23
- the cell of the lead storage battery 22 can be removed via the liquid port 10 a that can increase the inner diameter by removing the liquid port plug 23. Liquid injection into the chamber 8 can be performed.
- the lead storage battery of the first embodiment there is no need to inject the liquid via the first exhaust path 13 having a small inner diameter, so that there is an advantageous effect that the workability such as injection is excellent.
- Embodiment 3 below, the lead acid battery in Embodiment 3 of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 7 and FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the gas discharge means according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas discharging means in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the gas discharge means 12 provided in the liquid spigot 23 of the second embodiment is replaced with a gas discharge means 12A provided separately from the liquid spout 23 main body. It is different in point.
- the gas discharging means 12 ⁇ / b> A has a porous body 16 that has a cover 16 disposed in advance in the small chamber body 24 and acts as a drop-off prevention member 19 on the side wall 25 of the small chamber body 24. It is formed by joining body filters 26. Then, the formed gas discharge means 12A is mounted on the cylindrical portion 23b of the liquid plug 23 as shown in FIG. 6 to form the liquid plug 23 provided with the gas discharge means 12A.
- the small chamber body 24 and the filter 26 can be joined by forming the small chamber body 24 and the filter 26 with an elastic material such as polypropylene resin or polyethylene resin, and press-fitting the filter 26 into the small chamber body 24. .
- the filter 26 made of a porous body can be used as the drop-off prevention member 19 that prevents the cover 16 from falling off, and has a filter function against dust entering from the outside.
- the same effect as that of the lead storage battery 22 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained by attaching the gas discharging means 12A to the cylindrical portion 23b.
- the lead storage battery having the effect of the second embodiment can be easily obtained by attaching the gas discharge means 12A provided separately to the liquid spout body used in the existing lead storage battery. .
- the existing liquid spout and the liquid spout 23 used in the lead storage battery of the third embodiment can share the liquid spout 23 main body, so that it has a great effect on reducing the product cost due to the common use of parts. To do.
- the gas discharge means 12A is placed in the cylindrical portion 23b of the liquid spout 23. Since it can be press-fitted and fixed, the lead storage battery of the present invention can be produced with extremely simple and high productivity as compared with thermal welding, adhesion, and other joining methods.
- the members constituting the gas discharge means 12 shown in each of the above embodiments are generally used in battery containers and lids of conventional lead storage batteries such as these copolymers.
- the synthetic resin currently used can be used.
- the cover body 16 and the bottom wall 15 are made of these synthetic resins because sticking between the cover body 16 and the bottom wall 15 is prevented and the cover body 16 operates stably.
- the cover 16 and the bottom wall 15 are not fixed to each other, a process such as silicon oil application is not necessary. In this respect also, the productivity is superior to that of a lead storage battery using a conventional valve.
- lead storage batteries 55B24 type battery in JIS D5301 start lead storage battery
- lead storage batteries 55B24 type battery in JIS D5301 start lead storage battery
- the produced lead acid battery was mounted and used for a motor vehicle
- charging / discharging was performed, applying vibration to each lead acid battery, and it evaluated by the reduction amount of the electrolyte solution at that time.
- Example 1 is a lead storage battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the configuration of the gas discharge means in the first embodiment is the same as the configuration shown in FIG.
- a porous body obtained by sintering polyethylene resin particles was used as the dropout prevention member 19.
- two groove portions 15a having a width of 0.5 mm and a depth of 0.2 mm are arranged on the periphery of the opening portion 13a of the bottom wall 15 so as to be arranged on a straight line passing through the center of the opening portion 13a. This is sample 1.
- Example 2 is a lead storage battery according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the gas discharging means 12A shown in FIG. 8 was provided in the liquid spout 23, and the filter 26 formed of a porous body that also acts as the dropout prevention member 19 was provided.
- the filter 26 was made of the same material as the drop-off preventing member 19 used in Example 1, and a porous body having an average pore diameter of 200 ⁇ m was used.
- two groove portions 15a having a width of 0.5 mm and a depth of 0.2 mm are arranged on the periphery of the opening portion 13a of the bottom wall 15 so as to be arranged on a straight line passing through the center of the opening portion 13a.
- a splash-proof body 27 is provided in the liquid spout 23.
- Example 2 comprises the lead acid battery of Embodiment 3, fundamentally, the lead acid battery of Embodiment 2 is also the same. This is Sample 2.
- Example 3 Example 3 was formed in the same manner as Example 2 except that the splash-proof body 27 was removed. This is designated as Sample 3.
- Comparative Example 1 is a lead storage battery having conventional gas discharge means. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, a valve cylinder 29 is formed in a lid 28 that covers a battery case (not shown), and a rubber cap-like valve body 30 is attached to the valve cylinder 29. Has a valve. At this time, the valve pressing plate 31 is fixed to the lid 28 in order to prevent the cap-shaped valve body 30 from falling off the valve cylinder 29. In Comparative Example 1, silicon oil is applied between the valve cylinder 29 and the cap-shaped valve body 30.
- a splash-proof body 27 similar to that in the second embodiment is disposed at the lower part of the valve cylinder 29.
- the design value of the valve opening pressure of the valve of Comparative Example 1 is 10.0 kPa, and the design value of the valve closing pressure is 2.0 kPa.
- Other configurations were the same as those in Example 1. This is designated as sample C1.
- Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 2, as shown in FIG. 10, a lead storage battery in which a liquid port 32 a provided in a lid 32 covering a battery case (not shown) is provided with a liquid port plug 33 including a filter 26 and a splash-proof body 27. It is. Other configurations were the same as those in Example 1. This is sample C2.
- Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 3 was the same as Comparative Example 2 except that the splash-proof body was removed. This is designated as sample C3.
- samples 1 to 3 and samples C1 to C3 were continuously subjected to vertical vibration (acceleration 1G (9.8 m / s 2 ), frequency swept from 5 to 40 Hz / 5 minutes) in a 75 ° C. atmosphere.
- acceleration 1G 9.8 m / s 2
- charge 14.8V constant voltage charge, maximum charge current 25A, charge time 25 minutes
- the electrolytic solution level is confirmed every 480 cycles in the discharge-charge cycle, and replenishment is performed to return the electrolytic solution surface to the initial electrolytic solution level, which is always 20 mm above the upper surface of the strap. The position. Then, the total replenishment mass replenished during 4320 cycles for each of the lead storage batteries of Sample 1 to Sample 3 and Sample C1 to Sample C3 was defined as a reduction amount.
- each lead storage battery was subjected to 40 cycles in the above-described discharge-charge cycle in an atmosphere of 25 ° C. Then, it was left to stand in the same 25 ° C. atmosphere for 13 days. Then, the maximum value of the position variation of the electrolyte surface within the same battery was measured. At this time, the maximum value of the electrolyte surface position variation is the difference between the position (height) of the highest electrolyte surface and the position (height) of the lowest electrolyte surface in the six cells constituting each lead storage battery. Show.
- Table 1 shows the amount of reduction of each lead storage battery of Sample 1 to Sample 3 and Sample C1 to Sample C3 after the above test
- Table 2 shows the maximum value of the position variation of the electrolyte surface.
- Sample 2 using a splash-proof body was particularly prominent in the effect of suppressing the decrease in electrolyte. This is presumed to be due to the effect that the electrolyte mist intrudes into the chamber by the splash-proof body.
- the position variation of the electrolyte solution surface became very large. This is considered to be due to the variation in the valve opening / closing valve pressure, and that the cell chamber having a high valve opening pressure caused a greater variation in pressing the cell chamber having a low valve opening pressure. That is, in the cell chamber with a low valve opening pressure, the volume of the cell chamber decreases, so that the position of the electrolyte solution surface increases. On the other hand, the cell chamber with a high valve opening pressure expands and the volume of the cell chamber increases. The position of the surface is lowered.
- sample C1 when the position of the electrolytic solution surface is set to 20 mm above the strap upper surface in the initial stage, in some cell chambers, the electrolytic solution is further electrolyzed at the same time as the valve is opened due to the further increase of the electrolytic solution surface position. The liquid was discharged, and the discharged electrolyte stayed at the base of the valve cylinder, and a part leaked out of the battery.
- the strap It was exposed from the surface. If the strap on the negative electrode side is exposed from the electrolytic solution surface, the strap is corroded, which is not preferable.
- the lead storage battery of the present invention it is possible to achieve an effect of suppressing a remarkable decrease in the electrolytic solution and to realize a highly reliable lead storage battery in which the position variation of the electrolytic solution is remarkably suppressed.
- the lead acid battery in which electrolyte solution was reduced to the same extent as a control valve type lead acid battery is realizable.
- the present invention is suitable for various vent type lead storage batteries such as a lead storage battery for starting and a lead storage battery for electric vehicles.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
2 正極板
3 セパレータ
4 負極板
5 セル
6 電槽
7 隔壁
8 セル室
9 電解液
10,28,32 蓋(電池蓋)
10a,32a 液口
11 ストラップ
12,12A ガス排出手段
13 第1の排気経路
13a,13b 開口部
14 小室
15 底壁
15a 溝部
16 覆体
17 第2の排気経路
18 間隙
19 脱落防止部材
20 第1の突起部
21 第2の突起部
22 鉛蓄電池
23,33 液口栓
23a 頂部
23b 筒部
24 小室体
25 側壁
26 フィルタ
27 防沫体
29 弁筒
30 キャップ状弁体
31 弁押え板
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における鉛蓄電池1の要部断面を示す図である。図2は、本発明の実施の形態1における鉛蓄電池の要部断面を示す拡大図である。
以下に、本発明の実施の形態2における鉛蓄電池について、図4と図5を用いて説明する。
以下に、本発明の実施の形態3における鉛蓄電池について、図7と図8を用いて説明する。
実施例1は、本発明の実施の形態1における鉛蓄電池である。実施例1におけるガス排出手段の構成は、図3に示した構成と同様である。このとき、脱落防止部材19として、ポリエチレン樹脂粒体を焼結した多孔質体を使用した。また、底壁15の開口部13a周縁に幅0.5mm、深さ0.2mmの溝部15aを、開口部13aの中心を通過する直線上に2本配置して形成した。これを、サンプル1とする。
実施例2は、本発明の実施の形態3による鉛蓄電池である。実施例2では、図8に示したガス排出手段12Aを液口栓23内に備え、脱落防止部材19としても作用する多孔質体で形成したフィルタ26を備えて形成した。このとき、フィルタ26は実施例1で用いた脱落防止部材19と同じ材料で、平均孔径が200μmの多孔質体を用いた。また、底壁15の開口部13a周縁に幅0.5mm、深さ0.2mmの溝部15aを、開口部13aの中心を通過する直線上に2本配置して形成した。また、液口栓23内に、防沫体27を設けた。なお、実施例2は、実施の形態3の鉛蓄電池を構成したものであるが、基本的には実施の形態2の鉛蓄電池も同様である。これを、サンプル2とする。
実施例3は、防沫体27を除いた以外、実施例2と同様に形成した。これを、サンプル3とする。
比較例1は、従来のガス排出手段を有する鉛蓄電池である。具体的には、図9に示すように、電槽(図示せず)を覆う蓋28内に弁筒29を形成し、この弁筒29に、ゴム製のキャップ状弁体30を装着した制御弁を有している。このとき、キャップ状弁体30の弁筒29からの脱落を防止するために、弁押え板31が蓋28に固定されている。また、比較例1では、弁筒29とキャップ状弁体30との間にシリコンオイルが塗布されている。
比較例2は、図10に示すように、電槽(図示せず)を覆う蓋32に設けた液口32aに、フィルタ26と防沫体27を備えた液口栓33を装着した鉛蓄電池である。他の構成は、実施例1と同様とした。これを、サンプルC2とする。
比較例3は、防沫体を除いた以外、比較例2と同様とした。これを、サンプルC3とする。
Claims (8)
- 正極板および負極板を有するセルと、前記正極板および前記負極板の極板面を電解液に浸漬した状態で収納するセル室と、前記正極板および前記負極板上で発生したガスを排出するガス排出手段を有する鉛蓄電池であって、
前記ガス排出手段は、
電池蓋に設けられた前記セル室側に開口部を有する第1の排気経路を備える小室と、
前記小室の底壁に載置された前記第1の排気経路の前記開口部を覆う覆体と、
前記小室の上部に設けた第2の排気経路を有する脱落防止部材と、
前記開口部の周囲の前記底壁と前記覆体との間の少なくとも一部に形成された間隙と、
前記小室内で前記覆体と前記脱落防止部材との間に前記覆体の移動を許容する空間と、を備え、
前記第1の排気経路、前記間隙および前記第2の排気経路を介して前記ガスを外部に排出する鉛蓄電池。 - 前記間隙は、前記底壁と前記覆体が対向する側に、前記底壁の一部および前記覆体の一部の少なくとも一方に、離散的に第1の突起部を設けることにより形成される請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記間隙は、前記底壁と前記覆体が対向する側に、前記底壁の一部および前記覆体の一部の少なくとも一方に、前記開口部に到達する溝部を設けることにより形成される請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記覆体および前記脱落防止部材の少なくとも一方の、前記覆体と前記脱落防止部材が対向する側に、第2の突起部を設けた請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記ガス排出手段を電池蓋に設けた液口栓内に設けた請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記液口栓は、液口栓の筒部と、前記液口栓の筒部内に装着された前記ガス排出手段とを有し、
前記ガス排出手段は、
第1の排気経路を有した底壁と前記底壁の周囲から立設した側壁とからなる小室を有する小室体を備え、前記側壁の上部が前記液口栓の頂部と接合して形成された請求項5に記載の鉛蓄電池。 - 前記液口栓の前記頂部と前記小室体との間に脱落防止部材を介在させた請求項6に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記脱落防止部材を多孔質体で構成した請求項1または請求項7に記載の鉛蓄電池。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/988,616 US20110045325A1 (en) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | Lead storage battery |
PCT/JP2008/001082 WO2009130740A1 (ja) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | 鉛蓄電池 |
CN2008801287995A CN102017230B (zh) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | 铅蓄电池 |
EP08751607A EP2293364A4 (en) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | LEAD BATTERY BATTERY |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2008/001082 WO2009130740A1 (ja) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | 鉛蓄電池 |
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WO2009130740A1 true WO2009130740A1 (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
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PCT/JP2008/001082 WO2009130740A1 (ja) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | 鉛蓄電池 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20110045325A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2293364A4 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102017230B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009130740A1 (ja) |
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CN102104173A (zh) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-06-22 | 南通碧海电源有限公司 | 煤矿特殊型启动用铅酸蓄电池 |
EP2482364A1 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-01 | GS Yuasa International Ltd. | Electric storage element |
US8920966B2 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2014-12-30 | Gs Yuasa International Ltd. | Battery |
JP2022530946A (ja) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-07-05 | Hapsモバイル株式会社 | バッテリパック設計および方法 |
JP7304428B2 (ja) | 2019-04-25 | 2023-07-06 | Hapsモバイル株式会社 | バッテリパック設計および方法 |
Also Published As
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CN102017230B (zh) | 2013-10-16 |
EP2293364A4 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
CN102017230A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
US20110045325A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
EP2293364A1 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
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