WO2009101177A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines wärmetauschers - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines wärmetauschers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009101177A1 WO2009101177A1 PCT/EP2009/051713 EP2009051713W WO2009101177A1 WO 2009101177 A1 WO2009101177 A1 WO 2009101177A1 EP 2009051713 W EP2009051713 W EP 2009051713W WO 2009101177 A1 WO2009101177 A1 WO 2009101177A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- shaped
- metal
- tailpipe
- tailpipes
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
- F28F2275/025—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials by using adhesives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger, wherein the term "production” also includes the repair of a used heat exchanger with the aid of the method steps according to the invention
- the invention relates to the connection of pipes for the heat transfer medium by gluing Adhesive pipe ends are coated in their overlapping area with an adhesive which is solid and non-sticky at room temperature and which does not harden without an activation step
- Adhesive pipe ends are coated in their overlapping area with an adhesive which is solid and non-sticky at room temperature and which does not harden without an activation step
- the pipe sections thus pre-coated with adhesive can be shipped and stored without the adhesive layer losing its functionality after an activation step, which is performed immediately before or after joining the pipe sections.
- FIG. 1 shows the schematic structure of a heat exchanger, which can be produced by the method according to the invention.
- This figure is taken from document JP 2006/194543.
- This heat exchanger consists of metallic pipe sections (1) which are interconnected by running perpendicular to the pipe sections cooling fins (2). Open ends of adjacent metal tubes (1) are joined together by U-shaped tailpipes, for which, according to the cited document, a liquid thermosetting adhesive is used.
- a liquid thermosetting adhesive is used.
- Figure 2 shows in more detail how the bonding of the U-shaped tailpipes (3) can take place with the metal tubes (1).
- the end pieces (4) of the metal pipes (1) are widened.
- the U-shaped tail pipe is inserted into these flared end pieces of the metal pipes (4), wherein in the resulting gap between the flared end piece (4) and the U-shaped tail pipe (3) an adhesive (5) is introduced.
- the adhesive used is typically a thermosetting epoxy adhesive.
- the metal pipes (1) and the U-shaped end pipes (3) are both made of aluminum. To improve the bond strength and corrosion protection, it is additionally proposed to subject the aluminum surfaces to a conversion treatment before applying the adhesive, in order to avoid uncontrolled oxide formation.
- the application of a liquid adhesive in the production area of the heat exchangers has the disadvantage that special application systems have to be provided for this purpose. Malfunctions of the application systems can lead to contamination of the work area and workpieces with adhesive.
- the present invention proposes a solution to this problem.
- the subject of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger having heat exchanger fins (2) and substantially parallel metal tubes (1) in thermal contact with them, the metal tubes being substantially perpendicular to the fins and open ends and wherein each two adjacent metal tubes are connected at their open ends by a respective U-shaped tailpipe (3) to each other in overlapping areas using an adhesive filling a gap in the overlap area between metal tube and U-shaped tailpipe, wherein: a) applying the adhesive on the overlapping portions of the U-shaped tail pipe, and wherein the adhesive is selected such that it determines after being applied to the overlapping portions of the U-shaped tail tube and prior to their joining with the metal tubes at temperatures below 30 0 C and not sticky is and not without an activation cures hardened, b) the end tube with the overlap region and the adhesive applied thereto on the metal tubes stuck or inserted into the metal tubes and c) the adhesive before or after step b) by irradiation with high-energy radiation or thermally activated so that it cures after step b) and connect
- a heat exchanger can be produced, as shown schematically in Figure 1.
- Figure 2 shows one of the possible embodiments of how the connection between the U-shaped tailpipe (3) and the metal pipes (1) may be made after assembly and activation and curing of the adhesive (5).
- the adhesive is not applied in liquid form in the region of the overlap of the two parts to be joined immediately before joining metal pipe and tailpipe, and is liquid during the joining of these parts. Rather, the adhesive is applied prior to joining the two parts on the overlapping areas of the U-shaped tailpipe in a form that it is when inserting or plugging the U-shaped tailpipe in or on the metal tubes in solid and non-sticky form. According to this method, it is possible to bring the adhesive at the place of production of the U-shaped tailpipes and to ship and pre-coated with the adhesive tailpipes. The adhesive can therefore be applied centrally to the manufacturer of the U-shaped tailpipes and no longer has to be applied decentrally to the production locations of the complete heat exchangers. This considerably simplifies the entire production process.
- the feature that the adhesive should be "solid” is understood to have at least such a viscosity that it does not flow under the influence of gravity and that in the normal handling of the U-shaped tailpipes for packaging and for shipping is not deformed.
- non-sticky means that the adhesive does not feel sticky when touched with a finger and does not adhere to packaging material or other precoated U-shaped tailpipes Feature allow the pre-coated with adhesive U-shaped tailpipes either individually packaged or shipped as bulk goods.
- the adhesive For applying the adhesive to the U-shaped end pieces it must be at least brushable. This can be achieved, for example, by heating a cement which is solid at temperatures below 30 ° C. to such an extent that it can be spread and, for example, applied by pressing it out of a nozzle. Upon cooling to a temperature below 30 ° C., the adhesive again assumes the solid state as defined above.
- the application temperature For thermally activated adhesives, of course, the application temperature must not be above the activation temperature. In the case of radiation-curable adhesives, such a limitation with regard to the application temperature does not exist.
- the adhesive can be applied as a water-containing or solvent-containing, spreadable paste. After evaporation of the water or the solvent, it goes into the desired solid state.
- the curing of the adhesive is triggered by an activation step. As long as this is omitted, the adhesive does not harden so that it does not lose its adhesive force during transport or storage of the precoated U-shaped tailpipes.
- the activation step may be carried out by irradiation with high-energy radiation or by heating the adhesive to an adhesive-specific curing temperature.
- UV radiation By high-energy radiation, for example, UV radiation or electron radiation is to be understood. Because of the lower equipment cost UV radiation is preferred.
- the heat input for a thermal activation for example, by irradiation with IR radiation, by the action of hot air, by placing the parts in a heating furnace or by heating the metal parts to be joined in the adhesive coating by electromagnetic induction. After activation, the adhesive hardens in the overlap area and thereby connects the metal tube with the U-shaped tailpipe.
- the inventive method is suitable for the common metals from which in
- the metal pipes and the U-shaped tailpipes are usually made. These are in particular copper or copper alloys as well
- Metal pipes and U-shaped tailpipes are made of copper or a
- Metal tubes and U-shaped tailpipes are made of aluminum or a
- Metal tubes are made of copper or a copper alloy and U-shaped
- Tailpipes are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy
- Metal tubes are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and U-shaped tailpipes are made of copper or a copper alloy.
- the U-shaped tailpipes are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, they may be subjected to a chemical surface treatment at least in the overlap area prior to the application of the adhesive.
- a chemical surface treatment at least in the overlap area prior to the application of the adhesive.
- a chromium-free conversion method is preferably preferred for environmental reasons, for example a treatment of the aluminum surfaces with an acidic aqueous solution of complex fluorides at least one of the elements B, Si, Ti, Zr.
- methods can be used, as proposed in EP 754 251 or in the introductory cited prior art.
- FIG. A possible embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. It is provided that the U-shaped tailpipe (3) is plugged onto the metal tubes (1), so that the metal tube is located within the U-shaped tailpipe in the overlapping area.
- the adhesive (5) is applied in the overlapping area inside in the U-shaped tailpipe.
- the U-shaped tail pipe is widened in the overlapping region, so that it can be pushed together with the adhesive layer over the metal tube, without that a narrowing of the flow cross section in the metal tube and in the U-shaped tail pipe occurs.
- Figure 4 is an example of an alternative embodiment, wherein the U-shaped tail pipe (3) is inserted into the metal pipes (1), so that in the overlapping region, the U-shaped tail pipe (3) is inside the metal pipe (1).
- the adhesive is applied in the manner of a sleeve (5) in the overlap area on the outside of the U-shaped tailpipe.
- the metal tube in the overlapping area expanded, so that the U-shaped tail tube can be inserted together with the adhesive layer in the metal tube without a constriction of the flow cross-section in the metal tube and the U-shaped tailpipe entry.
- the adhesive may be activated prior to mating the two tubes or after mating.
- one embodiment of the present invention involves using an adhesive activatable by high energy radiation exposure as defined above, and activating the adhesive just prior to step b) by high energy radiation. The curing then takes place after the mating of the two parts without further exposure to radiation.
- thermally activatable adhesives that the two parts to be joined together first and then heated, whereby the adhesive hardens. In a soft way, the heating can be done, was set forth above.
- the adhesive which increases its volume by at least 5% after the activation step.
- the adhesive contains a physically or chemically acting blowing agent which is activated upon activation of the adhesive itself and which by gas formation or gas expansion the Volume of the adhesive increases.
- the increase in volume is a physical consequence of the heating of hollow microspheres filled with gas or vaporizable liquid.
- chemical blowing agents a gas is split off by a chemical reaction, which causes the volume increase of the adhesive.
- Suitable propellants are known in the art, e.g.
- the "chemical blowing agents” which release gases by decomposition or “physical blowing agents", i. expanding hollow spheres.
- the former blowing agents are azobisisobutyronitrile, azodicarbonamide, di-nitroso-pentamethylenetetramine, 4,4'-oxybis (benzenesulfonic acid hydrazide), diphenylsulfone-3,3'-disulfohydrazide, benzene-1,3-disulfohydrazide, p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide.
- the expandable Kunststoffmikrohohlkugeln on the basis of
- adhesives which can be used in the context of the present invention are so-called "reactive hot melt adhesives.” These are spreadable in a molten state so that they can be applied to the U-shaped tailpipes in the overlap region in this state without curing Rather, it requires heating to a higher activation temperature which activates a latent hardener for a reactive binder component (for example a prepolymer having epoxy or isocyanate groups).
- a reactive hot melt adhesives for example a prepolymer having epoxy or isocyanate groups.
- a reactive hot melt adhesive is suitable, which is described in more detail in EP 354 498 A2.
- This contains a resin component, at least one thermally activatable latent hardener for the resin component and optionally accelerators, fillers, thixotropy and other conventional additives, wherein the resin component by reaction of a solid at room temperature Epoxy resin, a room temperature liquid epoxy resin and a linear polyoxypropylene having amino end groups.
- the epoxy resins are used in such an amount, based on the polyoxypropylene with amino end groups, that an excess of epoxide groups, based on the amino groups, is ensured.
- dicyandiamide is suitable as a latent hardener.
- More specific embodiments of such a reactive hot melt adhesive are disclosed in WO 93/00381. These are also suitable in the context of the present invention.
- epoxy resin structural adhesives can be used, as described in more detail, for example, in WO 00/37554.
- compositions comprising a) a copolymer having at least a glass transition temperature of -30 0 C or lower and epoxide-reactive groups or a reaction product of this copolymer with a polyepoxide, b) a reaction product of a polyurethane prepolymer and a polyphenol or Aminophenol and c) contain at least one epoxy resin.
- these compositions thermosetting they additionally contain a latent hardener from the group dicyandiamide, guanamines, guanidines, aminoguanidines, solid aromatic diamines and / or curing accelerators.
- plasticizers, reactive diluents, rheology aids, fillers, wetting agents and / or anti-aging agents and / or stabilizers are examples of plasticizers, reactive diluents, rheology aids, fillers, we
- thermosetting hotmelt adhesives based on epoxy resin with the following composition can be used for the process according to the invention (amounts in parts by weight):
- thermally activatable adhesive systems may be formulated with or without the blowing agents described above, depending on whether or not to increase the volume of the adhesive during or after the thermal activation.
- thermally activatable adhesives which are preferably activated by heating after the adhesive-coated U-shaped tailpipe and metallic tubes are mated together.
- adhesives and in particular hot melt adhesives containing radiation-polymerizable reactive groups can be used. These can be activated by irradiation with electron radiation or preferably UV radiation prior to mating these components.
- thermoplastic adhesive containing more than 30% based on the hotmelt adhesive of at least one polyurethane polymer which contains at least one radiation-polymerizable reactive group prepared by reacting A) of a reactive PU prepolymer having two or three NCO groups per molecule i) at least one di- or trifunctional polyol selected from polyethers, polyesters, polyolefins, polyacrylates or polyamides having a molecular weight between 200 to 50,000 g / mol, reacted with ii) an excess of at least one di- or tris-isocyanate with one
- This hot melt adhesive which can be used according to the invention consists essentially of a PU polymer which has terminally radiation-crosslinkable reactive double bonds. Furthermore, the PU polymer should have free, non-crosslinkable polymer chain ends. In addition, chemically bound initiators may be present on the PU polymer.
- the PU polymer is said to be made from an NCO-reactive polyurethane prepolymer.
- the polyurethane prepolymer A) as the basis for the further reactions is prepared by reacting diols and / or triols with di- or tri-isocyanate compounds.
- the proportions are chosen so that terminally NCO-functionalized prepolymers are obtained.
- the prepolymers should be linear, ie be prepared predominantly from diols and diisocyanates.
- An additional use of small amounts of trifunctional polyols or isocyanates is possible.
- the polyols and polyisocyanates which can be used in the synthesis of the prepolymers are known to the person skilled in the art. These are the monomeric di- or isocyanates known for adhesive application.
- Suitable monomeric polyisocyanates are 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 2,2 ' -, 2,4- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), hydrogenated MDI (H12MDI), allophanates of MDI, xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), Tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), 4,4'-diphenyldimethylmethane diisocyanate, di- and tetraalkylenediphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4,4'-dibenzyldiisocyanate, 1, 3-phenylenediisocyanate, 1, 4-phenylenediisocyanate, the isomers of tolylenediisocyanate (TDI), 1-methyl ⁇ - diisocyanato-cyclohexane, 1,6-diisocyanato-2,2,4-thmethylhexane,
- aliphatic isocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, undecane, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-thmethylhexane-2,3,3-trimethyl-hexamethylene, 1, 3 or 1 ⁇ -Cyclohexandiisocynat-, 1, 3 or 1 , 4-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4-dicyclohexylmethane, lysine ester diisocyanate or tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI).
- TMXDI tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate
- Suitable trifunctional isocyanates are polyisocyanates which are formed by trimehization or oligomerization of diisocyanates or by reaction of diisocyanates with polyfunctional compounds containing hydroxyl or amino groups.
- Isocyanates suitable for the preparation of trimers are the diisocyanates already mentioned above, with the trimerization products of HDI, TMXDI or IPDI being particularly preferred.
- the proportion of aromatic isocyanates should preferably be less than 50% of the isocyanates.
- '- or 4,4' -Diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethan particularly preferred polyurethane prepolymers based on aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates or oligomers based on HDI, IPDI and / or 2.4 are.
- di-functional or tri-functional polyols the known polyols having a molecular weight of up to 50 000 g / mol can be selected. They are to be selected, for example, based on polyethers, polyesters, polyolefins, polyacrylates or polyamides, these polymers additionally having to have OH groups. Preference is given to polyols which have terminal OH groups.
- Suitable polyols for the preparation of the PU prepolymer polyesters can be obtained by polycondensation of acid and alcohol components, in particular by polycondensation of a polycarboxylic acid or a mixture of two or more polycarboxylic acids and a polyol or a mixture of two or more polyols.
- Suitable polycarboxylic acids are those having an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic basic body. If desired, the free carboxylic acids, their anhydrides or their esters can instead of Ci -5 -Monoalkoho- len be used for polycondensation.
- diols for the reaction with the polycarboxylic acids a large number of polyols can be used.
- aliphatic polyols having 2 to 4 primary or secondary OH groups per molecule and 2 to 20 carbon atoms are suitable. It is also possible to use partially higher-functionality alcohols. Methods for preparing such polyester polyols are known to those skilled in the art and these products are commercially available.
- polyether polyols are preferably obtained by reacting low molecular weight polyols with alkylene oxides.
- the alkylene oxides preferably have two to four carbon atoms.
- Suitable examples are the reaction products of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or the isomeric butanediols with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide.
- reaction products of polyfunctional alcohols such as glycerol, trimethylolethane or trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or sugar alcohols with the stated alkylene oxides to give polyether polyols. They may be random polymers or block copolymers. Particularly suitable are from the above reactions available polyether polyols having a molecular weight of about 200 to about 20,000 g / mol, preferably from about 400 to about 6,000 g / mol.
- polystyrene resin also suitable as a polyol are polyacetals which have terminal OH groups.
- Other polyols can be selected based on polycarbonates or polycaprolactones.
- polyacrylates may be prepared based on polyacrylates. These are polymers produced by polymerization of poly (meth) acrylic esters. Optionally, other copolymerizable monomers may be included at low levels.
- the acrylates according to the invention should have two OH groups. These may preferably be present terminally in the polymer. Such OH-functional poly (meth) acrylates are known to the person skilled in the art.
- polystyrene resins are OH-functionalized polyolefins.
- Polyolefins are known in the art and can be produced in many molecular masses.
- Such polyolefins based on ethylene, propylene or higher-chain ⁇ -olefins as homo- or copolymer can be functionalized either by Copolymehsation of functional group-containing monomers or by grafting reactions.
- Another possibility is that these base polymers are subsequently provided, for example, by oxidation with OH-functional groups.
- polystyrene resin contains a polyamide backbone.
- Polyamides are reaction products of diamines with di- or polycarboxylic acids. By targeted synthesis, it is possible to introduce terminal OH groups in polyamides.
- the polyols suitable for the preparation of the PU prepolymers should have a molecular weight of between 200 and 50,000 g / mol. In particular, the molecular weight should be less than 30,000 g / mol. In the case of polyether polyols, the molecular weight should be between 200 and 20,000 g / mol, in particular between 400 and 6,000 g / mol. In the case of polyesterpolyols, the molecular weight should preferably be less than 10,000 g / mol, in particular between 600 and 2500 g / mol. Particularly suitable are linear polyether polyols, polyester polyols or mixtures thereof.
- the reaction of the polyols with the polyisocyanates can be carried out, for example, in the presence of solvents, but preference is given to working in a solvent-free form.
- the temperature is usually increased, for example between 40 to 80 ° C.
- conventional catalysts can be added to the reaction mixture to accelerate the reaction in polyurethane chemistry.
- DABCO diazabicyclooctane
- Prepolymers are preferably prepared from the mentioned polyisocyanates and polyols based on polyether and / or polyester diols.
- mixtures of both types of polyol should be used in the synthesis, for example with 95 to 55 wt.% Polyetherpolyolanteil.
- Another particular embodiment uses polyether polyols containing at least 50% by weight of ethylene oxide units.
- the resulting reactive PU prepolymers A) are NCO-reactive and carry 3 or preferably 2 isocyanate groups. Preference is given to terminal NCO groups.
- the NCO groups are reacted proportionally with compounds B) which carry a functional group which can react with isocyanates and has, as a further functional group, a double bond which can be crosslinked by free-radical polymerization. This usually has a molecular weight of less than 1500 g / mol.
- esters of ⁇ -ß-unsaturated carboxylic acids with low molecular weight in particular aliphatic alcohols which carry in the alkyl radical still another OH group.
- carboxylic acids are acrylic acids, methacrylic acid, crotonic acids, itaconic acid, fumaric acid and maleic acid half esters.
- Corresponding OH-containing esters of (meth) acrylic acid are, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (nneth) acrylannide, N-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylannide, reaction products of glycidyl ethers or esters with acrylic or methacrylic acid, for example reaction products of Versaticklareglycidylestern with acrylic or methacrylic acid , Adducts of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with (meth) acrylic acid, reaction products of hydroxyl acrylates with ⁇ -caprolactone or partial transesterification of Poylalkoholen, such as pentaerythritol, glycerol or thmethylolpropane, with (meth) acrylic acid.
- the amount of OH-functional compound with free-radically polymehsierbaren double bonds is chosen so that 20 to 95 mol%, in particular 22 to 90 mol%, preferably 25 to 85 mol% based on the NCO groups of the PU prepolymer are used.
- a preferred embodiment uses a mixture of methacrylates and acrylates, wherein the proportion of acrylates is at least 20 mol%, in particular at least 25 mol% of the mixture.
- the NCO-reactive PU prepolymer is reacted with at least one compound C) which has at least one isocyanate-reactive group, moreover, has no further polymerizable under free-radical conditions group.
- isocyanate-reactive groups are OH, SH or NHR groups.
- These compounds C) should have a molecular weight between 32 and 10,000 g / mol, in particular between 40 and 4000 g / mol.
- Suitable monofunctional compounds are, for example, alcohols having 1 to 36 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and higher homologs, and the corresponding thio compounds. Furthermore, it is also possible to use monohydroxy- or monoamino-functional polymers having a molecular weight of less than 10,000 g / mol, in particular of 200 and 2,000 g / mol. Mixtures of low molecular weight and polymeric building blocks are possible. In particular, the functional group should be an OH group.
- higher functional compounds are suitable.
- these are diols, triols or polyols, preferably diols or triols, in particular diols.
- Suitable compounds are, for example, polyols having 2 to 44 carbon atoms, for example ethylene glycol, propanediol, butanediol and higher homologs, and the corresponding thio compounds.
- the amounts of these polyols are chosen so that there is a suitable molar excess of this reactive functionality with respect to the NCO groups. It is possible to chain extend the NCO prepolymers, but preferably only one OH group is to be reacted, and free OH groups are obtained.
- the molecular weight of this higher-functional compound C) should be up to 10,000 g / mol, in particular from 200 to 3000 g / mol. It is also possible to use SH or NH polymers.
- the amount of NCO-reactive compound is chosen so that 1 to 50 mol% based on the NCO groups of the PU prepolymer are reacted. In one embodiment, the amounts are selected so that the sum of the monofunctional compound C) and the compound with the radiation-reactive groups B) together corresponds to the amount of isocyanate groups. In a further preferred embodiment, difunctional NCO-reactive compounds are used, the amount being selected such that the OH: NCO ratio is from 1.5 to 2.5: 1, preferably from 1.6 to 2.2: 1 In particular, the molar ratio should be 2: 1, preferably as difunctional hydroxy compound.
- reaction processes for the reaction of the reactive PU prepolymers are known to the person skilled in the art. In this case, a reaction can take place in a mixture, or the constituents are reacted one after the other. After the reaction, statistically functionalized PU polymers are obtained.
- the PU polymer should have a molecular weight of less than 200,000 g / mol, in particular between 1,000 and 100,000 g / mol, preferably between 2,000 and 50,000 g / mol, in particular less than 20,000 g / mol.
- the PU polymer should be essentially free of isocyanate groups, ie after the reaction, only traces of unreacted NCO groups should be present.
- the amount should be less than 0.1% (based on the prepolymer), more preferably less than 0.05%.
- Another necessary constituent of the hotmelt adhesive is a photoinitiator which upon irradiation with light having a wavelength of about 215 nm to about 480 nm is capable of initiating a free radical polymerization of olefinically unsaturated double bonds.
- a photoinitiator which upon irradiation with light having a wavelength of about 215 nm to about 480 nm is capable of initiating a free radical polymerization of olefinically unsaturated double bonds.
- all commercial photoinitiators are suitable which are compatible with the hot melt adhesive according to the invention, ie at least substantially homogeneous mixtures.
- Norhsh Type I fragmenting and Norrish Type II substances are all Norhsh Type I fragmenting and Norrish Type II substances.
- Examples include photoinitiators of Kayacure series (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku), Trigonal 14 (manufacturer: Akzo), photoinitiators of the Irgacure ® - Darocure ® - series (manufactured by Ciba-Geigy), Speedcure® ® series (manufacturer Lambson) Esacure Series (manufacturer: Fratelli Lamberti) or Fi-4 (manufacturer Eastman).
- benzophenone and its derivatives such as Speedcure ® MBP, Speedcure ® MBB, Speedcure ® BMS or Speedcure ® BEM, thioxanthone and its derivatives, such as Speedcure ® ITX, Speedcure ® CTX, Speedcure ® DETX, 2,4,6-
- Trimethylbenzoldiphenylphosphinoxid which can also be used in admixture with one or more of the above photoinitiators.
- the amount of the photoinitiators should be up to 6% by weight, based on the adhesive, in particular between 1 and 4% by weight. In a preferred embodiment, the photoinitiators should start the reaction under UV-A radiation.
- the hot melt adhesive may still contain portions of reactive diluents.
- Suitable reactive diluents are, in particular, those compounds which have one or more reactive functional groups which can be polymethylated by irradiation with UV light or with electron beams.
- acrylate or methacrylate esters are suitable.
- acrylate or methacrylate esters include, for example, esters of acrylic acid or Methacrylic acid with aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyols or acrylate esters of polyether alcohols.
- Suitable compounds are, for example, the acrylic or methacrylic acid esters of the aromatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic, linear or branched C 4-2 monoalcohols or of corresponding ether alcohols.
- Examples of such compounds are 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, octyl / decyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, 3-methoxy-butyl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate or 2-methoxypropyl acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylol propaneth (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, and (meth) acrylate esters of sorbitol and other sugar alcohols.
- (meth) acrylate esters of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols may optionally be modified with an aliphatic ester or an alkylene oxide.
- the aliphatic ester-modified acrylates include, for example, neopentyl glycol hydroxypivalate di (meth) acrylate, caprolactone-modified neopentyl glycol hydroxypivalate di (meth) acrylates, and the like.
- the alkylene oxide-modified acrylate compounds include, for example, ethylene oxide-modified neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylates, propylene oxide-modified neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylates, ethylene oxide-modified 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylates or propylene oxide-modified 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylates , Neopentyl glycol-modified (meth) acrylates, trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylates, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylates, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylates, and the like.
- Tri- and higher functional acrylate monomers include, for example, thmethylolpropane (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol and tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, Ths [(meth) acryloxyethyl] isocyanurate, caprolactone-modified Ths [(meth) acryloxyethyl] isocyanurates or Thmethylolpropantetra (meth) acrylate or mixtures of two or more thereof.
- photosensitizers can additionally be used. Through the use of photosensitizers it is possible to extend the absorption of photopolymerization initiators to shorter and / or longer wavelengths and thus to accelerate crosslinking. The radiation absorbed by them more specific Wavelength is transferred as energy to the photopolymerization initiator.
- Photosensitizers which can be used in the context of the invention are, for example, acetophenone, thioxanthans, benzophenone and fluorescein and derivatives thereof.
- Apparatus 11 four-necked flask with stirrer; Thermocouple; N2 reconciliation; height-adjustable oil bath; Vacuum pump with nitrogen-filled cold trap.
- Figure 1 shows the schematic structure of a heat exchanger with metal pipes (1), whose ends are bridged by U-shaped tailpipes (3), so that the heat transfer fluid can flow through metal pipes and U-shaped tailpipes. Perpendicular to the metal pipes run the heat-conducting connected to the metal pipes cooling fins (2) and connect the metal pipes together.
- Figure 2 Enlarged section of a heat exchanger with a U-shaped tailpipe (3), the two metal tubes (1) (shown here only the end pieces) bridged together.
- the metal tubes (1) are flared bell-shaped in the overlapping area (4), wherein the gap between the bell-shaped widened area and the U-shaped end tube is filled by an adhesive (5).
- FIG. 3 shows a possible embodiment of the present invention.
- the U-shaped tail pipe (3) is widened in the overlapping area and coated internally with an adhesive layer (5).
- For joining the U-shaped tail pipe (3) is pushed with its overlap region over the metal tubes (1).
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the present invention.
- the metal tubes (1) are flared bell-shaped in their end region (4).
- the U-shaped tail pipe (3) is coated on the outside with a layer of the adhesive (5) in the overlap area. The joining of the parts takes place in that the U-shaped tail pipe (3) with its adhesive-coated overlap region is inserted into the widened end part (4) of the metal pipe (1).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09709503A EP2240736A1 (de) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines wärmetauschers |
JP2010546350A JP2011514501A (ja) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-13 | 熱交換器の製造方法 |
BRPI0908235-2A BRPI0908235A2 (pt) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-13 | Método para produzir um trocador de calor |
MX2010008669A MX2010008669A (es) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-13 | Metodo para producir un intercambiador de calor. |
CN200980105097XA CN101946149A (zh) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-13 | 制造热交换器的方法 |
US12/854,212 US20110094992A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2010-08-11 | Method for Producing a Heat Exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008009371A DE102008009371A1 (de) | 2008-02-14 | 2008-02-14 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmetauschers |
DE102008009371.8 | 2008-02-14 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/854,212 Continuation US20110094992A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2010-08-11 | Method for Producing a Heat Exchanger |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009101177A1 true WO2009101177A1 (de) | 2009-08-20 |
Family
ID=40790924
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/051713 WO2009101177A1 (de) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines wärmetauschers |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110094992A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2240736A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2011514501A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20100137461A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101946149A (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0908235A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008009371A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2010008669A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009101177A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2245352A4 (de) * | 2008-01-25 | 2015-06-03 | Henkel US IP LLC | Hochdruckverbindungssysteme und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008023276A1 (de) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Verbinden von Rohren mit thermisch härtbaren Klebstoffen |
EP2362157A1 (de) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-31 | go!nnovate AG | Solarkollektor |
DE102011078559A1 (de) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-03 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmeübertrager für ein Klimagerät eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
DE102011088123A1 (de) | 2011-12-09 | 2013-06-13 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Verfahren zum stoffschlüssigen Verbinden von Kunststoff-Rohren |
DE102014218694A1 (de) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-17 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers |
DE102015215045A1 (de) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-02-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wärmeübertragers und Wärmeübertrager |
US11988304B2 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2024-05-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Tubular elements with adhesive joint, method of joining tubular elements thereof |
CN110479901B (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-09 | 无锡市杰美特科技有限公司 | 一种汽车散热接管的批量生产工艺 |
WO2023042297A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-23 | 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 | 空気調和機および方法 |
WO2023203936A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-22 | 2023-10-26 | 大生工業株式会社 | チューブ付継手構造の製造方法及びチューブ付継手構造 |
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JPS63135791A (ja) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-08 | Showa Alum Corp | 熱交換器 |
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JP2006194543A (ja) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-27 | Nagase Chemtex Corp | 熱交換機の製造方法 |
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-
2008
- 2008-02-14 DE DE102008009371A patent/DE102008009371A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-02-13 KR KR1020107020475A patent/KR20100137461A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-02-13 CN CN200980105097XA patent/CN101946149A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-13 JP JP2010546350A patent/JP2011514501A/ja active Pending
- 2009-02-13 WO PCT/EP2009/051713 patent/WO2009101177A1/de active Application Filing
- 2009-02-13 BR BRPI0908235-2A patent/BRPI0908235A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-02-13 MX MX2010008669A patent/MX2010008669A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-02-13 EP EP09709503A patent/EP2240736A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-08-11 US US12/854,212 patent/US20110094992A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US4371199A (en) * | 1980-01-31 | 1983-02-01 | General Electric Company | Crimped tube joint |
JPS63135791A (ja) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-08 | Showa Alum Corp | 熱交換器 |
DE19541923A1 (de) * | 1995-11-10 | 1997-05-15 | Sika Werke Gmbh | Reaktive Heißschmelz-Klebefolie |
DE19939078A1 (de) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-02-22 | Beiersdorf Ag | Verwendung von Isocyanaten bei der Herstellung von hochviskosen selbstklebenden Massen |
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EP2245352A4 (de) * | 2008-01-25 | 2015-06-03 | Henkel US IP LLC | Hochdruckverbindungssysteme und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110094992A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
BRPI0908235A2 (pt) | 2015-07-21 |
KR20100137461A (ko) | 2010-12-30 |
JP2011514501A (ja) | 2011-05-06 |
EP2240736A1 (de) | 2010-10-20 |
DE102008009371A1 (de) | 2009-08-20 |
CN101946149A (zh) | 2011-01-12 |
MX2010008669A (es) | 2010-09-24 |
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