WO2009094912A1

WO2009094912A1 - Caisson structure and method of sinking the caisson structure into the ground exactly

Info

Publication number: WO2009094912A1
Application number: PCT/CN2009/070038
Authority: WO
Inventors: Cixin Ding; Shudong Ding
Original assignee: Cixin Ding; Shudong Ding
Priority date: 2008-01-24
Filing date: 2009-01-06
Publication date: 2009-08-06
Also published as: US20100296876A1; EP2246481A1; JP2011510195A; CN101918643B; CN101418573B; CN101918643A; CN101418573A

Abstract

A caisson structure (100) includes sealed well walls (102) with internal faces (110) and external faces (108) placed opposite to the internal faces (110). Many frame beams (106,104) provided between the internal faces (110) are mutually intersecting within a horizontal plane and a vertical plane. A bottom frame beam (126) is placed close to a lowest end of the well walls (102). The internal faces (110) are provided with many internal support blocks (114) being of same height,and the external faces (108) are provided with many external support blocks (112) being of same height, wherein the external support blocks (112) are higher than the internal support blocks (114). A bottom surface of the bottom frame beam (126) is a plane without a bit angle, and the lowest end of the well walls is provided with a bit angle with an angular inclination (128). A method of sinking the caisson structure into the ground exactly is also provided.

Description

Sinking structure and method for smoothly and accurately sinking the sinking structure into the ground

Technical field

The invention relates to a building structure and a construction method, in particular to a sinking structure and a construction method for smoothly sinking the sinking structure into the ground and accurately sinking. Background technique

As a structure of underground space structures or deep foundation or deep foundation pit support construction, Shenjing has its unique range of engineering application conditions. For example, in the case of better hard soil quality, the sinking technology is not used, and other foundation pit construction techniques are more convenient and economical. However, in soft soil areas, due to the looseness of geology and poor stability, the use of general foundation pit support structures will result in high support costs, and at the same time lead to longer construction period and higher construction risks.

Therefore, the sinking well is widely used in the construction of the soft soil foundation of the alluvial layer of the river and the river. However, the application of the sinking well under soft soil foundation conditions is prone to sudden sinking, over-sinking, center-offset, plane rotation, vertical subsidence, deformation and fracture, wellbore in the well, and collapse outside the well if the design and construction operations are improper. Wait for major safety and quality incidents. This is mainly caused by the congenital deficiency of the vertical plane stiffness (or the minimum vertical section torsional stiffness) of some parts of the caisson (such as the diagonal of the rectangular caisson); it is also due to the current caisson structure and the corresponding construction. The method can not guarantee the smooth sinking and accurate final sinking of the sinking well in the engineering sense. Therefore, during the actual construction process, most of the caissons are swaying and swaying down, and the construction danger is very likely to occur. During the sinking process, it is necessary to constantly correct and correct the wells, and try to keep the balance of the caisson as much as possible. The construction difficulty is increased, the construction period is extended, and the cost is continuously rising. The shortcomings of these traditional technologies are the technical problems that need to be solved in the long-term construction of the well, but have not been solved.

The construction of the foundation pit support by the caisson construction method is one of the research directions of the engineering community. However, the largest area of the caisson can only meet the foundation pit construction of small and medium-sized area. It is currently extremely difficult in the engineering world to make a sinking hole with a larger flat area, a larger circular diameter or a larger rectangular one-sided length, a larger inner division size, and a more complicated deformed asymmetrical planar shape. This is determined by the characteristics of the sinking shaft's own rigidity and the inability to sink and accurately sink, thus limiting the size of the sinking hole to a larger area and plane. The speed of development in more complicated and cost-effective ways has limited the expansion of the use of sinking wells; this is also a long-standing problem in the design and application of sinking wells. Summary of the invention

The main object of the present invention is to provide a sinking structure, which is formed by providing uniformly distributed supporting block points on a conventional sinking structure, and by means of a uniform support of the supporting pile and the jack, greatly The rigidity requirement of the caisson structure is reduced, and the caisson structure is not easily deformed or broken, thereby improving the safety of construction and use.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for smoothly sinking a sinking well into the ground and accurately sinking, which can ensure that the caisson gradually sinks and accurately sinks in a controlled manner, thereby avoiding the conventional construction. Major safety and quality accidents such as sudden subsidence, over-sinking, center-offset, plane rotation, vertical subsidence, deformation and fracture, wellbore in the well, and collapse outside the well occur.

In order to achieve the above object, a sinking structure includes a closed well wall having an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface opposite to the inner wall surface, wherein the inner wall surface is disposed between a plurality of horizontal and vertical planes Frame beams that intersect each other and bottom frame beams near the bottom of the well wall. a plurality of equal height inner support blocks are formed on the inner wall surface, a plurality of equal outer outer support blocks are disposed on the outer wall surface, and the outer support block is higher than the inner support block, and the bottom frame beam bottom surface is bladeless The plane of the foot, the lowermost end of the well wall forms a beveled foot.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for accurately sinking a sinking structure into the ground and accurately sinking, comprising the following steps:

(1) Selecting a certain construction area, and driving a plurality of supporting piles in the construction area and keeping a part of the length of the supporting pile exposed above the ground of the construction area;

(2) constructing a sinking structure in the construction area, comprising a closed well wall having an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface opposite to the inner wall surface, wherein the inner wall surface is provided with a plurality of horizontal planes a frame beam intersecting the vertical plane and a bottom frame beam near the lowermost end of the well wall, wherein the inner wall surface forms a plurality of equal height inner support blocks, and the outer wall surface is provided with a plurality of equal outer support blocks And the outer support block is higher than the inner support block, the bottom surface of the bottom frame beam is a bladeless plane, and the bottom frame beam and the inner surface of the sinking well The support blocks are respectively supported on the partial support piles in the construction area by means of jacks, and the outer support blocks of the sinking holes are supported by a set of vertically stacked blocks and a jack supported under the lowermost block. A part of the supporting pile body in the construction area, and a plurality of longitudinally laminating blocks are arranged around the spacer block, so that the spacer block can only move in the longitudinal direction, and the bottom frame beam is supported The support pile and the jack of the inner support block respectively constitute an internal support pile body and an internal jack, and the support pile body and the jack supporting the outer support block respectively constitute an external support pile body and an external jack, and each of the inner and outer jacks a ram including a pedestal and a telescopic extension within the pedestal, the ejector pins of all jacks are initially in an extended state; the upper ends of the ejector pins of all internal jacks are fixed and suspended from the inner support block and the bottom frame beam Underneath; all internal and external jacks are generally divided into the first batch of jacks and the second batch of jacks;

(3) Operate all internal and external jacks, so that the jacks of each jack are retracted to the base at a certain distance, and there is still a travel clearance of more than 30 mm between the jack and the base, so that the sinking well is in the construction area. The first time it sinks a certain depth, and the cutting edge of the well wall is inserted under the ground;

(4) Operating the first batch of jacks to shorten it by 20 to 50 mm, so that the entire load of the caisson is completely concentrated in the second batch of jacks, while the first batch of jacks are in a no-load state, and then will be set in the first batch. The highest one of the set of blocks between each outer support block of the jack and the corresponding external jack is removed, and then each external jack of the first plurality of jacks is operated to make the ejector of each external jack Extending upward relative to the base such that the uppermost of the remaining blocks of the set are in contact with the outer support block and are mutually tightened, and the inner support piles disposed under each of the inner jacks of the first plurality of jacks The body is cut to a certain length so that a large gap is formed between the base of the inner jack in the first batch of jacks and the inner support pile remaining after cutting, and then each of the inner jacks of the first batch of jacks is operated. , the base of each inner jack is lowered relative to the jack, so that the base of each inner jack of the first batch of jacks and the remaining inner portion after cutting Top support contacts the top of the pile tight, so that the entire load of the caisson while focusing on the first jacks and a second batch;

(5) Operating the second batch of jacks to shorten the length of 20 to 50 mm, so that the entire load of the caisson is completely transferred to the first batch of jacks, so that the second batch of jacks are in a no-load state, and then will be set in the second batch. The tallest of the set of pads between each outer support block of the jack and the corresponding external jack The block is removed, and then each of the outer jacks of the second batch of jacks is operated, so that the top rod of each of the outer jacks is elongated upward relative to the base, so that the uppermost blocks of the remaining blocks of the set are externally The support blocks are in contact with each other and are tightened to each other, and then the internal support piles disposed under each of the inner jacks of the second batch of jacks are cut to a certain length, so that the bases of the inner jacks in the second batch of jacks are cut and A large gap is formed between the remaining inner support piles, and then each inner jack of the second batch of jacks is operated, so that the base of each inner jack is lowered relative to the jack, thereby making the second batch of jacks The base of each internal jack is in contact with the top of the inner support pile remaining after cutting, so that the entire load of the sinking well is concentrated on the first batch and the second batch of jacks at the same time;

(6) Remove the limit device around each external jack ejector;

(7) Operate all internal and external jacks, so that the jacks of each jack are retracted to the base by a certain distance, and there is still a travel clearance of more than 30 mm between the jack and the base, so that the sinking well is in the construction area. Sinking again within a certain depth;

(8) Digging the soil at the bottom of the well in the sinking well, so that a part of each internal supporting pile is exposed from the soil;

(9) Repeat steps (4), (5), (6), (7), and (8) above in order to allow the caisson to sink continuously until the blocks on each of the external jacks are removed, and So that each external jack has directly supported the corresponding outer support block;

(10) Operate all the inner and outer jacks, so that the jack of each jack is gradually retracted toward the base, and the sinking sink gradually sinks to the set elevation;

(11) The jacks are removed in batches, and the concrete of the caps is cast on the top of the supporting piles until the top of all supporting piles is supported by ₇ | concrete to achieve the final sinking.

The invention has the advantages that: since a plurality of support blocks and support points are arranged on the appropriate part of the sinking well, the sinking well is supported uniformly by the support pile body and the jack, thereby greatly reducing the rigidity requirement of the sinking structure. The structure of the caisson is not easily deformed or broken, thereby improving the safety of construction and use. In addition, by adopting a construction method in which the support block and the support point and the jack and the pipe pile cooperate with each other, the sinking well can be smoothly and controlled to gradually sink into the depth of the predetermined ground and accurately sink, thereby avoiding It avoids major safety and quality accidents such as sudden sinking, over-sinking, center-offset, plane rotation, vertical subsidence, deformation and fracture, wellbore in the well, and collapse outside the well. DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a plan view of the sinker 100 of the present invention, showing the distribution of the entire support pile on the plane of the sinking plane and the mutual cooperation between the support pile and the sinking well.

Figure 2 shows a front elevational view of the sinking well shown in Figure 1, showing the mating relationship of a plurality of outer support blocks formed on the outer wall surface of the well wall with the blocks and corresponding pipe piles that are driven into the ground.

Figure 3 shows the cross-sectional structure of the sinking well shown in Figure 1 along the B-B direction, showing the fit of the blade foot to the ground and the fit between the bottom frame beam in the sinking well and the corresponding pipe pile that is driven into the ground.

Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional structural view of the sinking well shown in Figure 3 along the A-A direction.

Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional structural view of the sinking well shown in Figure 1 along the C-C direction.

Fig. 6 partially shows the mutual positional relationship between a part of the outer support block of the sinking well shown in Fig. 2 and the block and the jack and the pipe pile which is driven into the ground.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the structure shown in Fig. 6 taken along the E-E direction.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the structure shown in Fig. 6 taken along the line D-D.

Figure 9 shows the façade structure of the guide pad rail shown in Figure 8.

Figure 10 shows the planar structure of the spacer shown in Figure 6.

Figure 11 shows the façade structure of the limit plate shown in Figure 6.

Figures 12a-12d sequentially show the variation of the outer support block, the block, the jack and the corresponding pipe pile in the process of sinking the sinking well shown in Figures 1-11.

Figures 13a-13d sequentially show the changes of the outer support blocks, the blocks, the jacks and the corresponding pipe piles in the process of sinking the sinking wells shown in Figures 1-11, and the underside of the frame beams at the bottom of the caisson The change of the jack and the pipe pile supporting the jack.

Figure 14 shows an arrangement of a plan for the removal of soil from the sinking well and the sinking well.

Figure 15 shows an arranging elevational view of a device and a sinking well for removing soil from a sinking well. detailed description

First, the sinking structure of the present invention will be described. Referring to Figures 1 to 11, the sinking well 100 is generally a rectangular body structure, such as a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure. The sinking well 100 includes four well walls 102 that are connected to each other to be closed, and any two opposing well walls 102 are parallel to each other such that the four well walls 102 together form a rectangular shape. Each well wall 102 has an inner wall surface 110 and an outer wall surface 108 opposite the inner wall surface 110. A plurality of frame beams parallel to each other in the horizontal and vertical planes are disposed between the inner wall faces 110 of any two opposing well walls 102. For example, frame longitudinal members 104 may be disposed between two laterally disposed well walls 102; and frame beams 106 may be disposed between two longitudinally disposed well walls 102. And the cross beam 106 and the corresponding stringers 104 are orthogonal to one another such that they generally provide the structural strength of the horizontal support for the caisson 100.

Among them, the frame beam and the longitudinal beam of the bottom end of the sinking well 100 (ie, the end closest to the ground after the sinking well is made) constitute the bottom horizontal frame beam 126 of the caisson (refer to Figure 3), which is in the subsequent construction process. It is mainly used to partially support the sinking well 100.

Each frame beam is fixedly coupled to the respective well wall 102 by a frame post 116 disposed on the inner wall surface 110 of the well wall 102. In addition, an inner partition wall 124 (refer to Fig. 3) is provided between the necessary frame beams, which further enhances the overall structural strength of the caisson 100.

In particular, an outer support block 112 of a plurality of equal heights (relative to the bottommost height of the caisson) is disposed on the outer wall surface 108 of each well wall 102 adjacent the top end of the caisson 100 (i.e., away from the ground). And the height of the outer support block 112 on all of the well walls 102 is the same. Similarly, an inner support block 114 of a plurality of equal heights (relative to the lowest end of the caisson) is also disposed on the inner wall surface 110 of each well wall 102. And the height of the inner support block 114 on all of the well walls 102 is the same. In particular, the height of all the inner support blocks 114 is much lower than the height of the outer support block 112, due to the presence of these inner and outer support blocks (commonly known as the ox legs), and the support wells are supported uniformly by the support piles and the jacks, thereby The rigidity requirement of the sinking structure is greatly reduced. In other words, the invention makes the structural section of the sinking structure not to be made very large, and the safety of settlement and use of the sinking construction can be realized. Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the bottom of each well wall 102 (with ground) The face-contacting portion) forms a beveled blade foot 128 which, because of its relatively sharp edge, facilitates the sinker 100 to easily sink below the ground.

The following is a description of the method in which the sinking well 100 of the present invention is accurately sunk into the ground, that is, how the sinking well sinks to the ground smoothly and orderly. First, the support structure associated with this method will be described. In order to stably support the caisson on the ground, refer to Figures 2, 3 and 5, and under the ground 300 (refer to Figure 5), a predetermined number of support piles, such as pipe piles 118, are pre-introduced. Also, preferably, the tubular pile 118 is driven into the ground until it contacts the geological basement bearing layer 200 (as shown in Figure 5). The number and distribution of pipe piles depends on the structure and geology of the sinking well. In the present embodiment, the tubular pile 118 is preferably driven below the ground 300 with its top end exposed a distance above the ground 300, and the tubular pile 118 is preferably supported by any two bottom frame beams of the sinking well 100 (beams) The portion intersecting the longitudinal beam and the portion corresponding to the outer support block 112 and the inner support block 114, in addition, the pipe pile 118 is also supported below the bottom frame beam 126 (refer to FIG. 3). In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the distribution position of the pipe pile is represented by a black circle or a white circle. These large number of evenly distributed tubular piles 118 will play a vital role in the smooth sinking and accurate final sinking of the sinking well 100.

A jack 120 for adjusting the height of the caisson is disposed between the pipe pile 118 that is driven into the ground and the inner support block 114 (refer to FIG. 5); similarly, the pipe pile 118 that penetrates the ground and the bottom support beam 126 are also provided with useful The jack 120 for adjusting the height of the caisson (refer to FIG. 3); and between the pipe pile 118 and the outer support block 112 that are driven into the ground, in addition to the jack 120, the jack 120 is also movable between the jack 120 and the outer support block 112. A plurality of spacers 122 are provided (refer to FIGS. 2 and 5). In order to facilitate the sinking operation, the tops of the jacks in the well are fixed to each other and corresponding to the upper structure, and can be suspended.

The positional relationship between the outer support block 112 and the jack 120, the spacer 122, and the pipe pile 118 will be described in detail below. Referring to FIGS. 6-11 and 1 , the outer support block 112 protrudes outwardly from the outer wall surface 108 of the well wall 102. Each outer support block 112 has a base portion 160 that projects outwardly from the outer wall surface 108 and two limit walls 134 that project downwardly from the base portion 160. And the two limiting walls 134 and the base portion 160 and the outer wall surface 108 together form a semi-closed space. A hollow rectangular block-shaped guide pad rail 130 is disposed in the semi-closed space, and a rectangular block-shaped spacer 122 is accommodated between the guide pad rail 130 and the two limiting walls 134. In addition, the two limiting walls 134 are connected to each other by the limiting plate 132, thereby limiting the spacer 122 to the space enclosed by the two limiting walls 134, the guiding pad rail 130 and the limiting plate 132. Inside, and in the course of construction, the spacer 122 does not fall off the side. This configuration, which ensures that the spacer 122 does not fall from the side during sinking of the sinking, forms a stop for the spacer 122. In addition, each of the jacks 120 can be a conventional jack for adjusting the height of the sinking well. For example, the jack 120 can include a base 504 and can be on the base 504 relative to the base 504 at a handle (not shown). The device that moves down and down the position, that is, the elongated or shortened jack 502. It should be noted that the limit wall 134 described above extends longitudinally over the entire height of the caisson 100. Moreover, the limiting wall 134 is a temporary structure, which is gradually cut off as the block gradually withdraws during the sinking of the sinking hole, and the limiting wall 134 will be completely completed after all the blocks are extracted. The ground was removed.

Although the cavities in the shape of a rectangular body are exemplified in the above embodiments, it does not mean that the sinking well of the present invention is limited to such a planar shape. Conversely, the sinking well can be a sinking well with a circular caisson, a regular polygon, a long rectangular shape, or various asymmetrical shaped planar shapes.

The construction method for the sinking of the sinking well into the ground is mainly realized by the principle that the entire load of the sinking well is alternately transferred between adjacent supporting piles and the principle that the height of the jack is adjustable. Figures 12a-13d illustrate the operation of the method of the present invention. Referring first to Figures 12a and 13a, the initial states of the exterior and interior of the caisson are shown, respectively. That is, a predetermined number of pipe piles 118 are first driven into the ground so that the caisson 100 is supported on the pipe piles 118. Specifically, the outer support block 112 is supported on the pipe pile 118 by means of a plurality of blocks 122 and a jack 120 between the lowermost pad 122 and the corresponding pipe pile 118; the bottom frame beam 126 inside the caisson 100 is directly The jacks 120 are supported on the corresponding pipe piles 118; at the same time, the inner support blocks inside the caisson 100 are also supported directly on the corresponding pipe piles 118 by means of the jacks 120 (refer to FIG. 5). At this time, the weight (load) of the caisson 100 acts on all (in the well wall and the well wall) pipe pile 118. In other words, all the pipe piles 118 are simultaneously subjected to the weight of the sinking well 100. At this time, all of the jacks 120 are in an extended state, that is, the jacks 502 on the base 504 are at the highest positions. The cutting edge 128 of the sinking well 100 is initially inserted into the ground. In addition, for the convenience of description, all the inner and outer jacks are generally divided into the first batch of jacks (such as the jack represented by the black circle in Fig. 1) and the second jacks (such as the jack represented by the white circle in Fig. 1). .

Next, as shown in Figures 12b and 13b, all the jacks 120 are operated, so that all the jacks

The jack 502 of the 120 is shortened. At this time, the integral sinking hole 100 is correspondingly lowered due to the shortening of the jack 502. The distance is such that the cutting edge of the caisson 100 is inserted into the ground again, and part of the weight of the whole caisson 100 effectively compresses the soil underneath, thereby increasing the horizontal embedding effect of the foundation soil on the caisson 100, increasing The stability of the sinking well 100. And because the foundation soil began to share the weight of the 100 parts of the caisson, the load on the jack was immediately lowered.

Figures 12c and 13c illustrate the next steps of the present invention. For convenience of description, the blocks 122 outside the well wall are sequentially numbered from 1 to 1 from the top to the bottom, and the uppermost block number is No. 1 pad, and the rest are analogous. Referring also to Figures 6-11, in this operation, the first batch of jacks (including the inner and outer jacks) is first shortened by a certain distance, such as 30~50 mm, and the uppermost block (block No. 1) is taken from the outside. The two limiting walls 134 of the support block 112 are drawn out. The external jacks in the first batch are then immediately operated, causing the outer jacks to elongate against the next block 122, i.e., the No. 2 block. At this time, the spacer No. 2 becomes a spacer which is in contact with the outer support block 112.

Next, the upper end of the inner pipe pile under the inner jack of the first jack (i.e., the pipe pile supporting the inner jack, also referred to as the inner support pile) is cut to a certain length. Then, the ejector pins of the inner jacks of the first jacks are lifted up again to support between the bottom frame beam (or inner support block) and the inner pipe pile. At this time, the entire load of the sinking well is concentrated on the first batch and the second batch of jacks. Thereafter, the limiting wall 134 is cut away from the lowermost end to prevent the lowermost end from obstructing the sinking of the sinking well.

Next, the second batch of jacks (including the inner and outer jacks) is shortened by a certain distance, such as 30 to 50 mm, and the uppermost block (block No. 1) is removed from the two limiting walls 134 of the outer support block 112. Pull out. The external jacks in the second batch are then immediately operated such that the outer jacks are extended to close the next block 122, i.e., the No. 2 pad. At this time, the No. 2 pad becomes a pad that is in contact with the outer support block 112. Next, the upper end of the inner pipe pile under the inner jack of the first jack (ie, the pipe pile supporting the inner jack) is cut to a certain length. Then, the ejector pins of the inner jacks of the second batch of jacks are lifted up again to be supported between the bottom frame beam (or the inner support block) and the inner pipe pile. So far, at this time, the entire load of the caisson is again concentrated on the first batch and the second batch of jacks at the same time; and, all the blocks 122 on the outer support block have been removed, and all the internals The length of the support pile has been cut to a certain length. Thereafter, the limiting wall 134 is cut away from the lowermost end to avoid obstruction of the sinking of the sinking hole at its lowermost end. Thereafter, as shown in Figures 12d and 13d, the rams of the inner and outer jacks 120 are again retracted, causing the sinker 100 to again settle down a certain distance again, i.e., the outer jacks are shortened by one stroke.

The subsequent construction process is basically the same as that described in connection with Figures 12c and 13c, except that the pad is 2 blocks. The process then proceeds to the steps described in connection with Figures 12d and 13d. Thus, as the operation continues to circulate, the block is gradually withdrawn and the caisson gradually descends until all the blocks are withdrawn and all parts of the limit wall are removed. Operate all the inner and outer jacks so that the jack of each jack gradually retracts toward the base, and the sinking sink gradually sinks to the set level. Then, the jacks are removed in batches, and the concrete of the caps is cast on the top of the supporting piles until the tops of all the supporting piles are supported by the concrete of the platform to achieve accurate final sinking.

In the above process, the internal pipe pile needs to be continuously cut off due to the gradual sinking of the caisson. However, since most of the internal pipe pile is buried in the ground, it is necessary to continuously carry the internal pipe pile during construction. The soil around (ie, the inner bottom of the well) is dug out. This is achieved by means of the composite bridge gantry crane 500 of Figures 14 and 15 and the belt conveyor 600 mated with the composite bridge gantry crane 500. Both are placed on the top of the sinking well 100. Since there is a space between the frame beams of the sinking well 100, the soil can be easily excavated. In addition, the compound bridge gantry crane 500 can also hoist the excavator into the well for earthmoving operations.

Broadly speaking, the present invention firstly provides a sinking structure comprising a closed well wall having an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface opposite the inner wall surface, wherein the inner wall surfaces are provided with a plurality of mutually intersecting a frame beam and a bottom frame beam near a lowermost end of the well wall, wherein the inner wall surface forms a plurality of inner support blocks of equal height, the outer wall surface is provided with a plurality of outer support blocks of equal height, and the outer support block is higher than the inner support block The support block, the bottom surface of the bottom frame beam is a bladeless plane, and the lowermost end of the well wall forms a blade having a sloped surface.

Preferably, the outer support block includes a base and a pair of limiting walls extending downward from the base. Also, the base and the limiting wall extend longitudinally over the overall height of the well wall. A rectangular body-shaped guide pad rail is disposed in the limiting wall.

The invention also provides a method for accurately sinking the above-mentioned caisson structure into the ground. It includes the following steps:

(1) Selecting a certain construction area, and driving a plurality of supporting piles in the construction area and keeping a part of the length of the supporting pile body exposed above the ground of the construction area; (2) constructing a sinking structure in the construction area, comprising a closed well wall having an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface opposite to the inner wall surface, wherein the inner wall surface is provided with a plurality of horizontal planes a frame beam intersecting the vertical plane and a bottom frame beam near the lowermost end of the well wall, wherein the inner wall surface forms a plurality of equal height inner support blocks, and the outer wall surface is provided with a plurality of equal outer support blocks And the outer support block is higher than the inner support block, the bottom surface of the bottom frame beam is a bladeless plane, and the bottom frame beam and the inner support block of the sinking well are respectively supported by the jack in the part of the construction area Supporting the pile body, and the outer support block of the sinking well is supported on a part of the support pile body of the construction area by a set of longitudinally stacked blocks and a jack supported under the lowermost block, and longitudinally laminated A plurality of spacers are arranged around the spacers to limit the spacers, so that the spacers can only move in the longitudinal direction, and the support frame and the jack supporting the bottom frame beam and the inner support block respectively constitute an internal support Pile and inside The jack, the support pile and the jack supporting the outer support block respectively constitute an external support pile and an external jack, and each of the inner and outer jacks includes a base and a ram which can telescope a certain stroke in the base, all The jacks of the jacks are initially in an extended state; the upper ends of the jacks of all the inner jacks are fixed to the inner support block and the bottom frame beam and suspended under them; all the inner and outer jacks are generally divided into the first batch of jacks interlaced With the second batch of jacks;

(4) Operating the first batch of jacks to shorten it by 20 to 50 mm, so that the entire load of the caisson is completely concentrated in the second batch of jacks, while the first batch of jacks are in a no-load state, and then will be set in the first batch. The highest one of the set of blocks between each outer support block of the jack and the corresponding external jack is removed, and then each external jack of the first plurality of jacks is operated to make the ejector of each external jack Extending upward relative to the base such that the uppermost of the remaining blocks of the set are in contact with the outer support block and are mutually tightened, and the inner support piles disposed under each of the inner jacks of the first plurality of jacks The body is cut to a certain length so that a large gap is formed between the base of the inner jack in the first batch of jacks and the inner support pile remaining after cutting, and then each of the inner jacks of the first batch of jacks is operated. , causing the base of each internal jack to descend relative to the ejector pin, thereby making the first batch The base of each inner jack of the jack is in contact with the top of the inner support pile remaining after cutting, so that the entire load of the sinking well is concentrated on the first batch and the second batch of jacks at the same time;

(5) Operating the second batch of jacks to shorten the length of 20 to 50 mm, so that the entire load of the caisson is completely transferred to the first batch of jacks, so that the second batch of jacks are in a no-load state, and then will be set in the second batch. The highest one of the set of blocks between each outer support block of the jack and the corresponding external jack is removed, and then each external jack of the second batch of jacks is operated to make the ejector of each external jack Extending upward relative to the base such that the uppermost of the remaining blocks of the set are in contact with the outer support block and are mutually tightened, and the inner support piles disposed under each of the inner jacks of the second plurality of jacks The body is cut to a certain length so that a large gap is formed between the base of the inner jack in the second batch of jacks and the inner support pile remaining after cutting, and then each inner jack of the second batch of jacks is operated, Lowering the base of each inner jack relative to the jack, thereby causing the base of each of the inner jacks of the second batch of jacks and the remaining inner portion after cutting Top support contacts the top of the pile tight, so that the entire load of the caisson while focusing on the first jacks and a second batch;

(6) Remove the limit device around each external jack ejector;

(11) The jacks are removed in batches, and the concrete of the caps is cast on the top of the supporting piles until the top of all supporting piles is supported by ₇ | concrete to achieve the final sinking. Specifically, the outer support block of the sinking structure includes a base and a pair of limiting walls extending from the base; the base and the limiting wall extend longitudinally over the overall height of the well wall; the limiting wall is provided with a rectangular body a shape of the guide pad rail; the set of spacers are disposed in a space enclosed between the base portion and the limiting wall and the guiding pad rail, and the limit between the two limiting walls by means of a rectangular body shape The plates are connected to each other such that the spacers are confined in the space defined by the two limiting walls, the guiding pad rails and the limiting plates, and the two limiting walls, the guiding pad rails and the limiting plates are combined The above-mentioned limiting device is such that the spacer can only move longitudinally. The supporting pile body is a prestressed high-strength concrete pipe pile or a steel pipe pile, and the pipe pile has to be driven into the underground bearing soil layer.

The invention has the advantages that: by adopting a construction method in which the support block and the jack and the pipe pile cooperate with each other, the sinking well can be smoothly and controlledly gradually sinked into the depth in the predetermined ground, and the sinking is accurate, thereby avoiding the tradition. Major safety and quality accidents such as sudden sinking, over-sinking, center-offset, plane rotation, vertical subsidence, deformation and fracture, wellbore in the well, and collapse outside the well occurred in the construction method.

The inner and outer support blocks may be reinforced concrete structures or steel structures. The inner and outer support blocks may be a single independent support block or a horizontal continuous truss or crown beam or support block. Additionally, the jacks can be various types of mechanical lifting mechanisms and are not limited to the particular jack structures disclosed herein. The bottom support structure of the well wall, the inner wall support block, the inner bottom frame beam and other bottom support structures may be used alone or in combination, which may be adopted according to different design requirements of the sinking structure. In addition, the present invention can be applied to a sinking project having a larger flat area, a more complicated shape, a larger single-sided size, a softer foundation, and a deeper sinking depth, thereby reducing the cost and obtaining a better economy.

Claims

Rights request

An open well structure comprising a closed well wall having an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface opposite to the inner wall surface, the plurality of inner wall surfaces being disposed to intersect each other in a horizontal plane and a vertical plane The frame beam and the bottom frame beam near the lowermost end of the well wall are characterized in that: a plurality of equal height inner support blocks are formed on the inner wall surface, and a plurality of equal height outer support blocks are disposed on the outer wall surface, and The support block is higher than the inner support block, the bottom surface of the bottom frame beam is a bladeless surface, and the lowermost end of the well wall forms a beveled blade.

2. The sinking structure of claim 1 wherein: the outer support block includes a base and a pair of limit walls extending downwardly from the base.

3. The sinkhole structure according to claim 2, wherein: the base portion and the limiting wall extend longitudinally over the entire height of the well wall, and the limiting wall protrudes from the outer wall surface, and the limit A guide pad rail having a rectangular body shape is disposed in the wall, and the guide pad rail is fixed on the outer wall surface of the well wall.

4. A method of accurately sinking a caisson structure into the ground, comprising the steps of:

(1) Selecting a certain construction area, and driving a plurality of supporting piles in the construction area and keeping a part of the length of the supporting pile body exposed above the ground of the construction area;

(2) constructing a sinking structure in the construction area, comprising a closed well wall having an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface opposite to the inner wall surface, wherein the inner wall surface is provided with a plurality of horizontal planes a frame beam intersecting the vertical plane and a bottom frame beam near the lowermost end of the well wall, wherein the inner wall surface forms a plurality of equal height inner support blocks, and the outer wall surface is disposed a plurality of equal outer support blocks, wherein the outer support block is higher than the inner support block, the bottom surface of the bottom frame beam is a bladeless plane, and the bottom frame beam and the inner support block of the sinking well are respectively supported by the jack Partially supporting the pile in the construction area, and the outer support block of the sinking well is supported by a set of support piles in the construction area by means of a set of vertically stacked blocks and a jack supported under the lowermost block The support member of the bottom frame beam and the inner support block is supported by a plurality of blocks vertically and vertically stacked around the spacer block for limiting the spacer block so that the spacer block can only move in the longitudinal direction. The body and the jack respectively constitute an internal support pile body and an internal jack, and the support pile body and the jack supporting the outer support block respectively constitute an external support pile body and an external jack, and each of the inner and outer jacks includes a base and can be The ejector rod of the base is telescopically stretched, and the jacks of all the jacks are initially in an extended state; the upper ends of the ejector pins of all the internal jacks are fixed and suspended with the inner support block and the bottom frame beam Under it; all internal and external jack interwoven divided into first and second batch of jack jack on the whole;

(3) Operate all internal and external jacks so that the jacks of each jack are retracted to the base at a certain distance, and there is still a travel clearance of more than 30 mm between the jack and the base, so that the sinking well is in the construction area. The first time it sinks a certain depth, and the cutting edge of the well wall is inserted under the ground;

(4) Operate the first batch of jacks to shorten it by 20~50 mm, so that the entire load of the caisson is completely concentrated in the second batch of jacks, while the first batch of jacks are in no-load condition, and then will be set in the first batch. The highest one of the set of blocks between each outer support block of the jack and the corresponding external jack is removed, and then each external jack of the first plurality of jacks is operated to make the ejector of each external jack Extending upward relative to the base, from And the uppermost block of the remaining blocks of the group is in contact with the outer support block and is mutually compacted, and then the inner support piles disposed under each of the inner jacks of the first batch of jacks are cut to a certain length, thereby A large gap is formed between the base of the inner jack in the first batch of jacks and the inner support pile remaining after cutting, and then each of the inner jacks of the first batch of jacks is operated to make the base of each inner jack The seat is lowered relative to the jack, so that the base of each inner jack of the first batch of jacks is in contact with the top of the inner support pile remaining after cutting, so that the entire load of the sinking well is concentrated at the same time One batch and the second batch of jacks;

(5) Operating the second batch of jacks to shorten the length of 20 to 50 mm, so that the entire load of the caisson is completely transferred to the first batch of jacks, so that the second batch of jacks are in a no-load state, and then will be set in the second batch. The highest one of the set of blocks between each outer support block of the jack and the corresponding external jack is removed, and then each external jack of the second batch of jacks is operated to make the ejector of each external jack Extending upward relative to the base such that the uppermost of the remaining blocks of the set are in contact with the outer support block and are mutually tightened, and the inner support piles disposed under each of the inner jacks of the second plurality of jacks The body is cut to a certain length so that a large gap is formed between the base of the inner jack in the second batch of jacks and the inner support pile remaining after cutting, and then each inner jack of the second batch of jacks is operated, The base of each inner jack is lowered relative to the jack, so that the base of each inner jack of the second batch of jacks and the inner support remaining after cutting Top tight contact with the top body, so that the entire load of the caisson while focusing on the first jacks and a second batch;

(6) Remove the limit device around each external jack ejector;

(7) Operate all the inner and outer jacks so that the jacks of each jack are retracted to the base a certain distance, and there is still a travel clearance of more than 30 mm between the jack and the base, so that the sinking hole is in the construction area. Sinking again within a certain depth;

(8) Digging the soil at the bottom of the well in the sinking well so that a part of each internal support pile is exposed from the soil;

(10) Operate all the inner and outer jacks, so that the jack of each jack is gradually retracted toward the base, and the sinking hole gradually sinks to the set elevation;

(11) The jacks are removed in batches, and the concrete of the caps is cast on the top of the supporting piles until the top of all the supporting piles is supported by the concrete of the caps to achieve the accurate sinking.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the outer support block of the sinking structure comprises a base and a pair of limiting walls extending from the base; the base and the limiting wall are longitudinally at an overall height of the well wall Extending; the limiting wall protrudes from the outer wall surface, and is provided with a rectangular body-shaped guiding pad rail; the group of the spacers is disposed in a space enclosed between the base portion and the limiting wall and the guiding pad rail, And the two limiting walls are connected to each other by a rectangular body-shaped limiting plate, so that the spacer is limited to the space surrounded by the two limiting walls, the guiding pad rail and the limiting plate. The two limiting walls, the guiding pad rail and the limiting plate together constitute the above-mentioned limiting device, so that the spacer can only move longitudinally.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the supporting pile body is a prestressed high-strength concrete pipe pile or a steel pipe pile, and the pipe pile has to be driven into the underground bearing soil layer.