KR101960413B1 - Structure construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure construction method to construct a structure by constructing an underground structure on the upper part of the ground and burying the underground structure in the ground. According to the present invention, the structure construction method comprises: A) a step of constructing a base plate (10) and a pile (20); B) a step of constructing a jack-down device and an underground structure; C) a step of excavating the lower part of the base plate (10) and burying the underground structure; and D) a step of releasing the jack-down device and mounting the pile (20).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure construction method,

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a structure, and more particularly, to a method of constructing an underground structure to be installed in an underground structure by submerging the underground structure under the ground.

If a groundwater layer is installed on a ground with a high groundwater level or a soft ground, it may cause serious damage to ground structures as well as underground structures such as adjacent tunnels, box structures, and subways due to leakage of groundwater.

If excavation is carried out above a certain depth, the safety of the adjacent structure is confirmed before installation by the back of the excavator. However, in actual construction, human accidents due to the collapse of the retaining facilities are frequently occurring. In addition, cracks, uneven settlement, sinkholes, etc. are generated in adjacent structures and roads.

In addition, in recent years, collapse of retaining structures or leakage of groundwater has resulted in collapse of adjacent structures even at excavation sites where excavation depth is not relatively high, which is not the object of excavation. Excavation for the construction of underground structures in urban areas is a very difficult task. Therefore, excavation and structure construction methods are needed for the construction of safer and more stable underground structures.

Figure 1 shows an underground structure that is generally used after underground excavation. As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional construction method is a method of constructing an underground structure after excavating underground soil. That is, the earth wall 500 is installed adjacent to the site boundary line, and the center file 700 is installed in the excavation area. Subsequently, excavation and installation of the strut 600 are repeated to complete underground excavation. Then, the strut 600 and the center pile 700 are removed while the basement, retaining wall, and basement are being constructed, thereby completing the underground structure.

There are various methods of excavation. Depending on the ground conditions, various methods are applied to the retaining construction method, and several different methods are applied depending on the location of the groundwater. After the excavation is completed, the underground structure will be constructed. Or a top-down method of constructing the structure from the top to the bottom while constructing the earth retaining structure.

Conventional underground structure construction methods for constructing a structure after excavation have the following problems in terms of safety and economy. From the viewpoint of safety, there were damage to surrounding facilities due to excavation and loss of life due to collapse of retaining structures. In terms of economy, the land was not fully utilized and the construction cost due to earthworks was wasted.

That is, due to the earth wall, it is necessary to construct an underground structure at a certain distance from the site boundary line, so that a considerable amount of underground area can not be used, resulting in a great economic loss.

Patent Literature 0001 relates to a method of constructing an underground structure such as a basement or a subway of a building or an underground structure for embedding an underground pipe. Patent Literature 0001 also discloses a structure using a terrestrial structure and a retaining structure, I can not.

Therefore, the development of a safe, economical and rapid construction method has been required.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2013-0061368

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient method of constructing a structure to ensure safety around a construction site, reduce a construction cost, and shorten a construction period.

A method of constructing a structure for constructing an underground structure in an upper part of a ground and submerged in the ground, the method comprising: A) constructing a foundation plate (10) and a pile (20); B) Jack-down device installation and basement construction step; C) lower excavation of the foundation plate (10) and subsidence of the underground structure; D) jack-down device disassembly and file (20) settlement, wherein the jack-down device is installed on the top plate (10) to control the settlement amount of the underground structure by controlling the force of the jack- And the excavation of the lower part of the base plate 10 and the settlement of the underground structure can be performed in parallel.

According to the present invention, there is also provided a method of constructing a structure for constructing an underground structure in an upper part of a ground and submerged in the ground, the method comprising: a) constructing the outer foundation plate 50 and the pile 20 ; b) installing a jack-down device; c) lower excavation and settlement of the outer foundation plate 50; d) disassembling the jack-down device and fixing the file (20), wherein the jack-down device is installed on the upper part of the outer foundation board (50), and adjusts the force of the jack- And the excavation of the lower part of the outer foundation foundation plate 50 and the settlement of the underground structure can be performed in parallel with each other.

The settlement is caused by the self weight of the underground structure.

The settlement is made by an additional external force in addition to the self weight of the underground structure.

The additional external force includes a method of increasing a load by loading a temporary load on the underground structure; A method of using a rock anchor or an earth anchor installed in the ground; A method of using a frictional force of a surface of a file installed in the ground; . ≪ / RTI >

The excavation may comprise a method of using an excavation equipment; A method using a water jet; A method of sucking and discharging the soil from the ground; . ≪ / RTI >

Further comprising the step of, after step D), constructing an additional base plate on top of the base plate 10 and the piles 20. [

Further comprising the step of constructing an additional foundation plate on top of the outer foundation foundation 50 and the piles 20 after step d).

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The method of constructing a structure according to the present invention has the following effects.

First, since excavation wall and outer wall which are structures of underground structures function as structures, they can be used as an earth retaining wall in the construction process, so that there is no leakage of leachate and leakage of nearby soil, and the safety of surrounding facilities is ensured .

Secondly, in the conventional method, since groundwater is pumped and discharged when excavated, the safety hole of the sinkhole and the adjacent structure due to the lowering of the surrounding groundwater is generated. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the groundwater is not discharged, and in some cases, water jets are used to excavate the earth, the problem caused by the lowering of the surrounding groundwater does not occur.

Third, according to the present invention, there is no need for an ordering method including a temporary earthquake, and there is no risk of collapse due to excavation, thereby solving all the problems due to the instability of the temporary structure.

Fourth, since the installation site of the retaining walls is not installed, it is possible to reduce the time and cost required for installation and demolition of the retaining walls, thus shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.

Fifth, since the surrounding ground is firmly supported by the excavation wall and outer wall before excavating the ground, disturbance of the surrounding ground does not occur.

Sixth, it is possible to construct an underground structure to the site boundary without installing a tomb wall, so that the utility value of the land can be increased and the underground space can be used to the maximum extent.

Seventh, the file for the construction of the underground structure serves as a support and guide for controlling the settlement amount of the underground structure during the construction, and becomes a permanent foundation after the construction is completed to serve as a deep foundation.

Eighth, it is possible to control the settlement amount of underground structure by using hydraulic jack, so precision construction is possible.

Ninth, since the need for temporary pavement is not necessary, accident caused by collapse of temporary pavement is prevented.

Figure 1 is a prior art.
2 to 7 illustrate the process of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a second embodiment of the present invention.
10 and 11 illustrate a third embodiment of the present invention.
12 is an enlarged view of a base plate, a file, and a hydraulic jack.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification. Throughout the specification, when an element is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other elements as well, without excluding other elements unless specifically stated otherwise. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Conventionally, a method of constructing an underground structure in an underground space after excavating the ground is used. On the other hand, the present invention is a method of constructing an underground structure on the ground, then digging the lower portion of the foundation plate while submerging the underground structure in the ground.

The underground structure 100 of the present invention includes a foundation plate 10, a pile 20, and a basement structure. In the first and second embodiments, when the underground structure includes the underground two-story structure 30 and the underground one-story structure 40, the underground structure may be one layer or two or more layers. .

2 to 7 illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention for constructing an underground structure 100. Hereinafter, the construction of the two basement floors will be described in detail for each construction step with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. FIG.

① Construction of base plate (10) (see Fig. 2).

A foundation plate (10) made of reinforced concrete on the ground is constructed. As shown in FIG. 2, the rim of the base plate 10 may be located immediately adjacent to the site boundary line 400 or substantially the same as the site boundary line 400.

Since the outer wall of the underground structure is used as a retaining structure, there is no need for a separate retaining wall, and the outer wall of the foundation plate and the underground structure can be maximally constructed so as to be in contact with the site boundary as much as possible.

Holes are formed in the base plate so that the piles 20 can be installed, since the piles 20 are first constructed after the base plate 10 is constructed. Therefore, a sleeve for forming a hole for installation of the pile 20 is installed in advance when the base plate is constructed. Steel tubes can be used as sleeves.

After the subsidence of the underground structure is completed, a block-out 11 (see FIG. 12) is formed by grooving the base plate with a predetermined thickness in order to make space for fixing the upper portion of the pile 20 to the base plate. After the file is fixed, the block-out 11 is grouted and finished.

The bottom wall of the base plate 10 may be provided with a wall 12 for excavation. The excavation wall 12 can be used as a wall for earthworks in excavation work. The lower end of the excavation wall 12 is provided with a tip end shoe 13 whose tip is inclined so that the underground structure can be easily inserted into the ground.

The end shoe 13 may be formed of a steel plate in the form of a permanent mold, or may be formed so that the cross section of the concrete is inclined.

After the excavation wall 12 is first constructed, the excavation wall 12 and the foundation plate 10 are laid together with the foundation plate concrete.

When the base plate 10 is to be installed, the required number of jack-down anchors 310 can be provided in advance by calculating the loads of the underground structures (see FIG. 12). The quantity and the capacity of the anchor 310 can be applied according to the weight of the underground structure and the load generated upon settlement.

An anchor fixing means 311 for fixing the anchor to the base plate is provided at the lower end of the anchor 310. The anchor fixing means 311 may be installed to be embedded in the base plate 10, .

Down anchor 310 is previously installed. However, it is also possible to jack-down after installing the chemical anchor after the base plate construction without installing an anchor in advance.

The thickness of the base plate is determined by considering the load required for jack down and the structural stability of the underground structure.

(2) Construction of file (20) (see FIG. 2).

When the base plate 10 is installed, the pile 20 is formed with a hole for installing the pile 20 formed by the sleeve. The file 20 can be a steel pipe file, an existing reinforced concrete file, a PHC file, a composite file, an on-site concrete pile or the like. The installation of the file can be done by using a method such as hunting, digging, etc. The file is installed up to the underground rock layer which can exhibit the end bearing capacity.

If the file 20 is not used as a deep foundation after completion of the underground structure, that is, if it is a spread foundation rather than a file basis, the minimum hypothesis file necessary for jackdown of the underground structure It is preferable to apply only.

In the case of an underground structure designed as a file basis, it is possible to install only as many files as necessary to jack down an underground structure without installing a jack-down device in all files. In this case, the applied load is applied considering the reduction of self weight and buoyancy of underground structures constructed when jack down.

If it is an underground structure that is designed as a direct foundation, use the minimum number of files necessary for jackdown to jack down. Also, the load applied at this time is applied considering the decrease in weight due to self weight and buoyancy of underground structures constructed when jack down.

③ Jack-down device installation and underground two-story structure (30) construction (see Fig. 3)

A jack-down device capable of controlling settlement and settlement speed of an underground structure is installed, and a two-story underground structure (30) is constructed. At this time, in order to efficiently perform the work and shorten the construction period, the jack-down device installation work and the underground two-story structure (30) construction work can be performed concurrently.

12 shows a jack-down device in which a pressure pad 330 is fixed to the upper portion of the pile 20 and a hydraulic jack 300 is provided on the pressure pad 330. [ The lower end of the anchor 310 is fixed to the base plate 10 by an anchor fixing member 311 and the upper end of the anchor 310 is fastened to the pressure plate 320. A nut may be used for fastening the upper end of the anchor 310 and the pressure plate 320. It is possible to precisely control the settling amount of the base plate by adjusting the pressing force of the hydraulic jack 300 to the pressing plate 320. [

It is needless to say that the jack-down device shown in FIG. 12 is an embodiment, and the hydraulic jack, the anchor, the pressure plate, and the pressure pad can be combined with other structures.

The underground two-layer structure 30 may include a bottom plate 31, an outer wall 32, and a column 33. The outer wall 32 can function both as an outer wall of an underground structure and as an earth retaining wall. The column (33) includes a column and a wall supporting the bottom plate (31).

④ Under drilling of foundation plate (10) and jack-down of underground structures (see Figs. 3 and 4)

After the installation of the jack-down device is completed, if the lower part of the foundation plate is excavated, it will settle down naturally due to the weight of the foundation plate and the underground two-layer structure.

Various methods can be used to excavate the foundation plate under the ground conditions.

In the case of soft ground, the bottom soil can be removed by sucking the bottom of the foundation plate. The jack-down device is controlled while precisely measuring the settlement amount so that the structure does not settle evenly when the soil is removed. After a certain amount of excavation, the structure is subdivided using a jack-down device. Repeat this process to locate the underground structure at the location where you want to build it. Depending on the viscosity and moisture content of the clay, a water jet and stirring are carried out to facilitate inhalation. The inhaled muddy water is dehydrated and separated into soil and water. At this time, it is possible to prevent the environmental pollution by selecting the method of removing the separated soil to the subduction site and reusing the separated water on the site.

If the underlying foundation is relatively good, additional water jet or suction or dewatering may be applied as required or the structure may be subdivided by excavation.

When the bottom of the foundation plate is hard like a rock, an equipment entrance 14 is formed in the foundation plate, and the lower part of the foundation plate is excavated using an excavation equipment or the like, and then the structure is down.

⑤ Underground 1 story structure (40) construction (see Figure 5)

After the underground two-layer structure 30 is placed on the foundation board and the settlement is completed by the required depth (FIG. 4), the underground one-story structure 40 is constructed on the ground above the underground two- ).

The underground one-story structure 40 may include a bottom plate 41, an outer wall 42, and a column 43. The outer wall 42 also functions as an outer wall of an underground structure and a wall as a retaining wall. The column 43 includes columns and walls for supporting the bottom plate 41.

⑥ Lower excavation of base plate (10) and jack-down repetition of underground structures (see Figs. 5 and 6)

After constructing the underground one-story structure (40), the lower part of the foundation plate is excavated to control the jack-down device to settle the underground structure. And sinking is carried out to the required depth (Fig. 6).

⑦ Completion of settlement, disassembly of jack-down device and settlement of files (see Fig. 7)

When the sinking is completed to the required depth, disassemble the jack-down device. The anchor 310 is cut and the anchor 310 and the upper end of the file 20 are fixed and the file is grouted in the blockout 11 to fix the file on the base plate.

After the above steps ① to ⑦, if necessary, the construction of the structure is completed after the construction of the underground structure and the construction of the ground structure.

Figures 8 and 9 show a second embodiment of the present invention for constructing an underground structure 100.

In the second embodiment, after the pile 20 is first applied, the base plate 10 is constructed. That is, in the second embodiment, after proceeding to the above (2) first, proceed to (1). Then proceed with the same procedure as ③ to ⑦.

In the first and second embodiments, the process of forming the underground 1-story structure and the underground 2-story structure has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the underground 1-story structure and the underground 2-story structure. That is, only the underground one-story structure may be formed, or a plurality of basement stories of two or more underground levels may be formed by repeating the above-described steps 4 and 5.

10 and 11 illustrate a third embodiment of the present invention in which an underground structure 100 is constructed.

The third embodiment is an embodiment that can be applied to a case where an underground structure is to be constructed with a large area. That is, when the flat area of the underground structure is wide, it may be difficult to form the entire base plate and sink it, and the base plate may be damaged, which may be rather inefficient.

In this case, the outer base plate 50 is applied to the ground line 400 at a constant width, and the outer base plate 50 is submerged in the same manner as described above. An outer sub-layer structure 60 can be constructed and settled on the upper part of the outer foundation plate 50. At this time, the outer foundation foundation plate is settled while the gravel under the outer foundation foundation plate 50 is excavated. Once the settlement of the outer foundation foundation is completed, the foundation foundation and the underground structure are constructed.

At this time, the inner soil in the outer foundation plate 50 is left as it is, and the inner soil can be excavated after the settlement of the underground structure is completed. Also, the inner soil can be excavated together while the outer foundation plate 50 is settled by a certain amount.

The file 20 may be installed after the outer foundation foundation 50 is installed in the third embodiment or the outer foundation foundation 50 may be constructed after the installation of the file 20 first.

In the above embodiments, it is described that the base plate 10 or the outer foundation plate 50 is constructed as one layer. However, after the settlement is completed, it is added to the base plate 10 or the outer foundation plate 50 A base plate may be further formed.

That is, when a concrete file or a file having a large diameter is used as a file basis, it may be difficult to arrange the reinforcing bars of the foundation board 10 due to the file, and since the upper portion of the file is hardly fixed firmly to the foundation board, After completion, it is preferable to apply an additional base plate on the base plate 10. When the additional base plate is to be constructed, the jack-down base plate 10 is constructed as thin as possible. After the settlement of the underground structures is completed, the piles and the base plate 10 are fixed. Then, the reinforcing bars are installed on the top of the pile and the base plate 10, and a mat (additional base plate) is laid thereon to construct an additional base plate.

When an additional base plate is to be installed on the base plate 10, it is reflected in the height of the underground structure in consideration of the foundation and thickness of the whole foundation. By installing the additional base plate, sufficient rigidity of the mat can be obtained even when a large diameter file is constructed. When constructing an additional base plate, reinforcements should be installed in advance at the position to be laid, taking into consideration the connection between the additional base plate and the base plate (10), the connection between the additional base plate and the wall and the column.

On the other hand, in the case of using a steel pipe file, since the diameter of the pile does not interfere with the foundation steel reinforcement, only the foundation plate 10 can be used without requiring an additional base plate.

On the other hand, when the underground structure is submerged, it may be difficult to settle only by the self weight of the underground structure. In this case, it can be settled using the following method.

First, a method of adding loads can be used. A method of increasing the load by placing a temporary load on the foundation plate or an underground structure can be used.

Second, a rock anchor or an earth anchor is installed in the ground, and a rock anchor or an earth anchor is pulled down to settle.

Third, it is a method of using the friction force of the installed file. When the hydraulic jack is contracted, the pile is fixed in the ground due to frictional force, so that a force to pull the base plate downward is generated.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.

100. Underground structures
10. Basics 11. Block Out
12. Excavation wall 13. End shoe
14. Equipment doorway
20. Files
30. Underground two story structure
31. Bottom plate 32. Outer wall
33. Column 34. 2 basement levels
40. Basement 1 story structure
41. Bottom plate 42. Outer wall
43. Column 44. Basement 1 floor
50. Outer base plate
60. Subterranean Structures
300. Hydraulic Jack
310. Anchor 311. Anchor fastener
320. Pressure Plate 330. Pressure Plate
400. Property line
500. Earthwalls 600. Struts
700. Center File

Claims (10)

A method of constructing an underground structure by applying the underground structure at the upper part of the ground,
In the method of constructing a structure,
A) installing the base plate (10) and the pile (20);
B) Jack-down device installation and basement construction step;
C) lower excavation of the foundation plate (10) and subsidence of the underground structure;
D) jack-down device disassembly and file (20)
The jack-down device is installed on the base plate 10 to control the settlement amount of the underground structure by adjusting the force of the jack-down device,
So that excavation under the foundation plate (10) and settlement of the underground structure can be performed in parallel.
Construction method of structure. A method of constructing an underground structure by applying the underground structure at the upper part of the ground,
In the method of constructing a structure,
a) constructing an outer foundation plate (50) and a pile (20);
b) installing a jack-down device;
c) lower excavation and settlement of the outer foundation plate 50;
d) a jack-down device disassembly and file (20) settlement step,
The jack-down device is installed at an upper portion of the outer foundation board 50 to control the settlement amount of the underground structure by adjusting the force of the jack-down device,
So that excavation under the outer foundation foundation plate (50) and settlement of the underground structure can be performed in parallel.
Construction method of structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the settlement is caused by the self weight of the underground structure,
Construction method of structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the settlement is caused by an additional external force in addition to the self weight of the underground structure,
Construction method of structure. 5. The method of claim 4,
The additional external force,
A method in which a temporary load is loaded on the underground structure to increase the load;
A method of using a rock anchor or an earth anchor installed in the ground;
A method of using a frictional force of a surface of a file installed in the ground;
Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 1, < / RTI >
Construction method of structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The excavation,
Methods of using excavation equipment;
A method using a water jet;
A method of sucking and discharging the soil from the ground; The method comprising the steps of:
Construction method of structure. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising the step of constructing an additional base plate on top of the base plate (10) and the piles (20) after said step (D)
Construction method of structure. 3. The method of claim 2,
Further comprising the step of constructing an additional foundation plate on top of the outer foundation foundation 50 and the piles 20 after step d)
Construction method of structure.
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