WO2009093574A1 - 石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理システム及び方法 - Google Patents
石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理システム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009093574A1 WO2009093574A1 PCT/JP2009/050769 JP2009050769W WO2009093574A1 WO 2009093574 A1 WO2009093574 A1 WO 2009093574A1 JP 2009050769 W JP2009050769 W JP 2009050769W WO 2009093574 A1 WO2009093574 A1 WO 2009093574A1
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- exhaust gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
- B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
- B01D2251/104—Ozone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
- B01D2251/106—Peroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/20—Non-catalytic reduction devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment system and method for a coal fired boiler that removes mercury from the exhaust gas of a boiler.
- a boiler is provided with a wet desulfurization device for removing sulfur content in exhaust gas.
- a desulfurization device for removing sulfur content in exhaust gas.
- divalent mercury oxide is soluble in water, mercury may be easily collected by the desulfurization device. Widely known.
- Patent Document 1 a method and apparatus for treating metallic mercury in combination with a denitration apparatus that reduces NOx and a wet desulfurization apparatus that uses an alkaline absorbent as an SOx absorbent.
- a removal method using an adsorbent such as activated carbon or a selenium filter is known.
- an adsorbent such as activated carbon or a selenium filter
- a special adsorption removal means is required, and a large-capacity exhaust gas such as power plant exhaust gas is treated. Not suitable for.
- mercury oxide (Hg 2+ ) is adsorbed and fixed in gypsum slurry absorbing liquid (hereinafter also referred to as “slurry” or “slurry absorbing liquid”) to remove mercury.
- slurry gypsum slurry absorbing liquid
- the mercury (Hg) removal rate generally depends on the production rate of gypsum (CaSO 4 ).
- the predetermined oxidation state (the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) value is +150 mV or more) cannot be maintained, and the gas phase of zero-valent mercury (Hg 0 ) There is a case where re-scattering to cannot be suppressed. For this reason, it is anxious to remove mercury in exhaust gas efficiently by other countermeasures.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment system and method for a coal fired boiler that can efficiently remove mercury in the exhaust gas from the coal fired boiler.
- a first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a denitration device that removes nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas from a coal fired boiler, and an air preheat that recovers heat in the gas after removal of nitrogen oxides ,
- a dust collector that removes dust in the gas after heat recovery, and a gas-liquid contact type desulfurization device that removes sulfur oxide in the gas after dust removal by the lime / gypsum method and removes mercury oxide
- an exhaust gas treatment system comprising a chimney for discharging the desulfurized gas to the outside, wherein an oxidizing agent is added to a slurry containing limestone-gypsum.
- the oxidizing agent is any one of a manganese compound, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and a chlorine compound, or a combination thereof, and an oxidation-reduction potential is 150 mV or more. It is in the exhaust gas treatment system of a coal fired boiler.
- an exhaust gas treatment method including a gas-liquid contact type desulfurization apparatus for removing sulfur oxides in exhaust gas from a coal fired boiler by a lime / gypsum method and removing mercury oxide.
- An exhaust gas treatment method for a coal fired boiler characterized in that an oxidant is added to a slurry containing.
- the oxidizing agent is any one of a manganese compound, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and a chlorine compound, or a combination thereof, and an oxidation-reduction potential is 150 mV or more. It is in the exhaust gas treatment method of a coal fired boiler.
- the present invention re-scattering of mercury from a gas-liquid contact slurry absorbing liquid is eliminated, the contact efficiency between mercury and gypsum in exhaust gas can be increased, and mercury adsorption / immobilization can be promoted. .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas treatment system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between mercury re-scattering rate (%) and ORP redox potential (mV).
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an exhaust gas treatment system for a coal fired boiler according to an embodiment.
- the exhaust gas treatment system according to this embodiment includes a denitration device 13 that removes nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas from a coal fired boiler 11 that supplies coal as fuel F by adding ammonia 12.
- the desulfurization device 16 An oxidizing agent is added to the slurry 21 containing limestone-gypsum extracted inside or outside.
- reference numeral 18 denotes air
- 19 denotes an oxidation-reduction potential measuring meter (ORP meter)
- 22 denotes a solid-liquid separator that separates gypsum
- 23 denotes supernatant water from which gypsum has been removed.
- the place for adding the oxidizing agent may be any place in the gas-liquid contact tower (30A), the upstream side (30B) or the downstream side (30C) of the solid-liquid separation device 22.
- the oxidation-reduction potential of the slurry absorbent in the desulfurization apparatus is set to 150 mV or more by supplying the oxidizing agent.
- the redox potential is 150 mV or higher, preferably 175 mV or higher, as shown in the graph of the relationship between “mercury re-scattering rate (%) and ORP redox potential (mV)” shown in FIG. This is because when the voltage is 200 mV or more, the re-scattering rate of mercury can be significantly reduced.
- the mercury re-scattering rate (%) is obtained by the following equation.
- Mercury re-scattering rate (%) (Hg 0 outlet ⁇ Hg 0 inlet) / (Hg 2+ inlet) ⁇ 100
- the oxidizing agent is preferably an oxidizing agent having a stronger oxidizing power than oxygen (air) used for general ORP control.
- oxygen air
- oxidizing agent preferably an oxidizing agent having a stronger oxidizing power than oxygen (air) used for general ORP control.
- ozone (O 3 ) hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), permanganic acid
- hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) permanganic acid
- permanganic acid examples include potassium (KMnO 4 ) and chlorine-based compounds (for example, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)), but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- a manganese compound (KMnO 4 , MnCl 2 ) may be added as a catalyst for promoting redox.
- the potential of the ORP meter is set to 150 mV or more, so that reduction of mercury oxide (Hg 2+ ) (Hg 2+ ⁇ Hg 0 ) is prevented and zero valence to the gas phase is achieved. Of mercury (Hg 0 ) can be suppressed, and the removal rate of mercury in exhaust gas can be increased.
- the oxidation state is maintained by adding an oxidizing agent and, if necessary, a manganese compound, and the effect of maintaining the above-described ORP meter potential at a predetermined level or more can be expected.
- mercury re-scattering is reduced, so that the mercury removal efficiency can be improved and the amount of mercury discharged in the exhaust gas is regulated. Suitable for exhaust gas treatment.
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
Description
SO2 +CaCO3 +1/2H2O→ CaSO3・1/2H2O+CO2(吸収) …(1)
CaSO3・1/2H2O+3/2H2O+1/2O2→CaSO4・2H2O(酸化) …(2)
このため、水銀(Hg)に対して硫黄(S)が少ない石炭を用いる場合、石膏-石灰を含むスラリ中の石膏の生産量が少ない場合には水銀(Hg)除去性能が不足する恐れがある。
12 アンモニア
13 脱硝装置
14 空気予熱器
15 集塵器
16 脱硫装置
17 煙突
21 石灰石-石膏を含むスラリ
22 固液分離装置
23 上澄水
24 石膏
図1は、実施例に係る石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理システムの概略構成図である。
先ず、図1に示すように、本実施例に係る排ガス処理システムは、燃料Fとして石炭を供給する石炭焚ボイラ11からの排ガス中の窒素酸化物をアンモニア12を添加して除去する脱硝装置13と、窒素酸化物除去後のガス中の熱を回収する空気予熱器14と、熱回収後のガス中の煤塵を除去する集塵器15と、除塵後のガス中の硫黄酸化物を石灰・石膏法により除去すると共に、酸化水銀を除去する気液接触式の脱硫装置16と、脱硫・水銀除去後の浄化ガスを外部に排出する煙突17とを具備する排ガス処理システムにおいて、前記脱硫装置16内又は外部に抜き出した石灰石-石膏を含むスラリ21に酸化剤を添加するものである。
なお、図中、符号18は空気、19は酸化還元電位計測計(ORP計)、22は石膏24を分離する固液分離装置であり、23は石膏を除去した上澄水である。
これは、図2に示す「水銀再飛散率(%)とORP酸化還元電位(mV)」との関係のグラフに示すように、酸化還元電位が150mV以上、好適には175mV以上、より好適には200mV以上であると、水銀の再飛散率の大幅な低減を図ることができるからである。
ここで、水銀再飛散率(%)は、以下の式により求める。
水銀再飛散率(%)=(Hg0出口-Hg0入口)/(Hg2+入口)×100
Claims (4)
- 石炭焚ボイラからの排ガス中の窒素酸化物を除去する脱硝装置と、
窒素酸化物除去後のガス中の熱を回収する空気予熱器と、
熱回収後のガス中の煤塵を除去する集塵器と、
除塵後のガス中の硫黄酸化物を石灰・石膏法により除去すると共に、酸化水銀を除去する気液接触式の脱硫装置と、
脱硫後のガスを外部に排出する煙突とを具備する排ガス処理システムにおいて、
石灰石-石膏を含むスラリに酸化剤を添加することを特徴とする石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記酸化剤がマンガン化合物、オゾン、過酸化水素、塩素系化合物のいずれか一種又はこれらの組み合わせであり、酸化還元電位が150mV以上であることを特徴とする石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理システム。 - 石炭焚ボイラからの排ガス中の硫黄酸化物を石灰・石膏法により除去すると共に、酸化水銀を除去する気液接触式の脱硫装置を具備する排ガス処理方法において、
石灰石-石膏を含むスラリに酸化剤を添加することを特徴とする石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理方法。 - 請求項3において、
前記酸化剤がマンガン化合物、オゾン、過酸化水素、塩素系化合物のいずれか一種又はこれらの組み合わせであり、酸化還元電位が150mV以上であることを特徴とする石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理方法。
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CA2712654A CA2712654C (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2009-01-20 | Air pollution control system and method for coal combustion boiler |
US12/863,672 US20100284878A1 (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2009-01-20 | Air pollution control system and method for coal combustion boiler |
CN2009801027102A CN101925393A (zh) | 2008-01-21 | 2009-01-20 | 燃煤锅炉的排气处理系统及其方法 |
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JP2008010329A JP2009166010A (ja) | 2008-01-21 | 2008-01-21 | 石炭焚ボイラの排ガス処理システム及び方法 |
JP2008-010329 | 2008-01-21 |
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JP (1) | JP2009166010A (ja) |
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CA (1) | CA2712654C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009093574A1 (ja) |
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JP4981318B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-19 | 2012-07-18 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 排ガス処理装置および排ガス処理方法 |
-
2008
- 2008-01-21 JP JP2008010329A patent/JP2009166010A/ja active Pending
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2009
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- 2009-01-20 WO PCT/JP2009/050769 patent/WO2009093574A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-01-20 CA CA2712654A patent/CA2712654C/en active Active
- 2009-01-20 CN CN2009801027102A patent/CN101925393A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
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JPH10230137A (ja) * | 1997-02-19 | 1998-09-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 排ガス処理方法及び排ガス処理装置 |
JP2004313833A (ja) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-11-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 排ガス中の水銀除去方法およびそのシステム |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102078761A (zh) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-06-01 | 李鹏举 | 一种综合烟气脱硫脱汞脱硝工艺及装置 |
CN111992011A (zh) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种用于污泥气化熔融尾气臭氧氧化同步脱硫脱硝方法 |
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CA2712654A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
US20100284878A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
CA2712654C (en) | 2015-11-24 |
CN101925393A (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
JP2009166010A (ja) | 2009-07-30 |
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