Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/18—Plasticising macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]

Definitions

• biopolymers obtained from renewable sources, form a new generation of polymers whose two main characteristics must be: a) that the petroleum derivatives do not intervene in their composition and b) that do not cause the environmental impact of plastics manufactured with said petroleum derivatives.
• the ideal biopolymer will easily degrade in nature, after which its components will be reincorporated into the trophic chain of our planet.
• a biopolymer is that obtained by polymerization of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid (lactic acid), an industrially obtained monomer by fermentation by means of Bacillus thermoamylovorans from certain industrial wastes, such as from the remaining glucose in the residual molasses of the sugar industry.
• Lactic acid is the most economical industrial biomonomer, industrially polymerizable, for example in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst.
• polylactates The natural degradation rate of lactic acid polymers, hereinafter called polylactates and represented by the acronym PLA, is comparable to that of ordinary plant materials and sometimes faster. This process involves factors such as moisture or certain bacteria already existing in nature. On the other hand, the mechanical performance of PLA is comparable to that of certain
• SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) thermoplastics produced from petroleum, such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride.
• the present object of the invention solves the current problems in obtaining flexible and easily ecodegradable PLA films by means of the following steps or phases: a) the crushing of the lactic acid polymers, b) the mixing of said polymers of lactic, crushed and solid state, with mixtures of lactic acid oligomers, c) subjecting the mixture to a temperature between 150 and 200 0 C and a pressure of 1, 4 and 4 bar, d) the conformation of acid The mixture, in a period of less than 30 minutes from the contact of the oligomers of lactic acid and the polymers of lactic acid.
• OLA Organic-based oligomers
• OLA may have both the carboxyl group and the final hydroxyl group free, either of which may be blocked by esterification, or both may be esterified.
• the function of the plasticizer is to provide low molecular weight chains that, mixed with those of the final polymer, will prevent cross-linking of the macromolecule chains resulting in high rigidity of the final product.
• the mechanical performance of the PLA such as flexibility in Ia
• SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) final film will depend on the added amount of oligomers as well as the physicochemical characteristics of these, such as for example the distribution of molecular weights or the possible esterifying agents of the terminal functional groups of the OLA.
• the OLA with free functional groups is not substantially incorporated into the PLA chains to be part of them because the possibility of reaction between oligomer and polymer during the mixing or in the subsequent solid state is so small that it does not manifest itself during the useful life of the PLA plasticized with WAVE.
• the torque curves curves that represent the plasticizing power of the product
• the torque curves are very similar to those obtained in the cases of PLAs with other plasticizers such as polyadipates or di-2-ethylhexyl adipate .
• T 9 glass transition temperature
• the tensile strength values of the PLA films laminated with OLA vary in a similar way to those obtained in the same concentration ranges of G206 / 3 in the PLA films:
• the elongation capacity of the PLA before breaking is advantageously greater than the capacity of the plasticized PLA with the same percentage of G206 / 3:
• the average molecular weight of the optimal oligomers for the present invention is of a value greater than 200 and does not exceed 2000. Within this general range, the desired performance in the film will be those that will determine the physicochemical properties of the OLA to be used. in the plasticization.
• a mixture of lactic acid oligomers with the blocked terminal carboxyl group is obtained, with good plasticizing properties for the purpose of the present invention, by heating under certain conditions a mixture of lactic acid in concentrated aqueous solution in the presence of a catalyst, such as for example methanesulfonic acid or sulfuric acid, and of an alcohol of between 2 and 18 carbon atoms, such as butanol, 1-nonanol, or ethylene glycol or some polyethylene glycol.
• a catalyst such as for example methanesulfonic acid or sulfuric acid
• an alcohol of between 2 and 18 carbon atoms such as butanol, 1-nonanol, or ethylene glycol or some polyethylene glycol.
• the obtaining of flexible thin films of plasticized polylactate by oligomers of lactic acid is done by any of the usual industrial procedures for obtaining such flexible thin films when the polymer is another, such as for example polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
• Such procedures consist in subjecting a mixture of PLA and OLA to suitable pressures, temperatures and mechanization, for example in an extrusion and laminating machine.
• Example 1 Obtaining blocked lactic acid oligomers.
• the mixture is heated under stirring at 15O 0 C.
• Example 2 Obtaining blocked lactic acid oligomers. In a reactor of 2Kg capacity and nitrogen atmosphere are loaded:
• Example 3 Obtaining blocked lactic acid oligomers.
• the mixture is heated under stirring at 15O 0 C.
• Example 4.- Obtaining blocked lactic acid homooligomers.
• the mixture under stirring is initially heated to 12O 0 C. 1. During the first 2 hours the water initially present in the reaction mixture is further separated by atmospheric pressure plus water that is formed during the esterification.
• reaction mixture consists of a mixture of oligomers with a very narrow dispersion in their molecular weights, which for practical purposes will be a "homooligomer". This mixture is too viscous to be handled.
• 377 g of 1-butanol are added.
• reaction medium with the oligomers of terminal carboxyl group esterified a suitable derivative of an acid is added, for example acetic anhydride, and the medium is kept under suitable conditions, such as atmospheric pressure and 13O 0 C in temperature while distilling the free acetic acid that is formed, an OLA will be obtained with both esterified terminal groups.
• suitable derivative of an acid for example acetic anhydride
• the carboxylic radical attached according to this option to the OLA can have between 2 and 18 carbon atoms.
• the PLA is crushed to a grain size of less than 0.25 mm in diameter.
• the ground material is stored at 5 0 C in an atmosphere with 50% humidity.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
• Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-01-25 EP EP08718439.6A patent/EP2256149B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2008-01-25 US US12/864,093 patent/US8084551B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-01-25 JP JP2010543529A patent/JP5598673B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-01-25 CA CA2712709A patent/CA2712709A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-01-25 WO PCT/ES2008/000038 patent/WO2009092825A1/es not_active Ceased
  • 2008-01-25 CN CN200880125622.XA patent/CN101970547A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-01-25 ES ES08718439.6T patent/ES2602578T3/es active Active

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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