WO2009082886A1 - Procédé de déshydratation de boue concentrée - Google Patents

Procédé de déshydratation de boue concentrée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009082886A1
WO2009082886A1 PCT/CN2008/071136 CN2008071136W WO2009082886A1 WO 2009082886 A1 WO2009082886 A1 WO 2009082886A1 CN 2008071136 W CN2008071136 W CN 2008071136W WO 2009082886 A1 WO2009082886 A1 WO 2009082886A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sludge
concentrated
tempering
dewatering
moisture content
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/071136
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Huansheng Zhong
Lei Li
Jiacong Wu
Xuewei Wu
Zhimin Sun
Haiying Yang
Original Assignee
Guangzhou Pude Environmental Protection Equipment, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=39918784&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2009082886(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Guangzhou Pude Environmental Protection Equipment, Ltd. filed Critical Guangzhou Pude Environmental Protection Equipment, Ltd.
Priority to AU2008342466A priority Critical patent/AU2008342466B2/en
Priority to CA2711153A priority patent/CA2711153A1/en
Priority to US12/811,096 priority patent/US20100282683A1/en
Priority to JP2010540004A priority patent/JP2011507692A/ja
Priority to EP08757547A priority patent/EP2239236A4/en
Publication of WO2009082886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009082886A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
    • C02F11/145—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances using calcium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of sludge treatment methods, and particularly relates to a method capable of treating sludge with different water content and capable of concentrating and dewatering sludge after reuse of the treated sludge.
  • the sludge is transported to gravity concentration.
  • the pool is concentrated, and the concentrated sludge is added to the tempering agent for mixing, and then sent to a dehydrator for dehydration.
  • the dewatered sludge meets the requirements of the final disposal, it can be disposed of accordingly; when the sludge dehydrated by the dehydrator does not meet the final disposal requirements, it can be further dried to achieve the final disposal of the dried sludge. The requirements are then dealt with accordingly.
  • the above-mentioned organic tempering agent has the functions of electrostatic neutralization and adsorption bridging, can promote sludge coagulation or flocculation, and achieve the purpose of improving sludge dewatering efficiency.
  • polyacrylamide can be used for quenching and tempering.
  • the above sludge treatment method has the following disadvantages: 1.
  • the concentrated sludge has a high water content, a long concentration time, and a large area of the concentration tank.
  • the sludge concentration method is to inject a sludge with a high water content into a gravity concentration tank for concentration, so the water content of the concentrated sludge is generally 97%, and the concentration time is long, and a large sludge concentration tank is required, and the area is occupied. Very large; 2, the final disposal is difficult.
  • the sludge dewatering method is to add organic matter quenching agent to the concentrated sludge for quenching and tempering, and then input to the sludge dewatering machine for mechanical dehydration.
  • the commonly used dewatering machine is a centrifugal dewatering machine. Only the moisture content of the sludge can be reduced to about 80%; there are also very few parts using the plate and frame filter press dewatering machine, but the moisture content of the sludge can only be removed to 70 ⁇ 75%. These sludge dewatering methods do not reduce the moisture content of the sludge to the optimum degree; and the sludge with 70-80% moisture content is difficult to be disposed of and disposed of, which makes the landfill difficult to accept. This is mainly because of this. When the sludge is easy to collapse, it is difficult to accumulate, and it is easy to block the landfill leachate collection system. 3.
  • the sludge After dewatering, the sludge is bulky, with large mass and large amount of production, which causes great cost of treatment and disposal. Due to the above sludge treatment method, the water content of the sludge can be increased to about 97% by centrifugation, the water content of the sludge can be increased to about 80% by centrifugal dewatering, and the water content of the sludge can be 70 to 75% by plate and frame filter press dewatering, and The existing sewage treatment plant uses a large amount of centrifugal dewatering, and plate and frame filter dewatering has only a small part of application. Therefore, the moisture content of sludge in dewatering of sewage treatment plants is generally about 80%.
  • the high moisture content causes the utilization value to be less than the processing cost, which greatly limits the utilization of resources.
  • the sludge has a high moisture content, and only 80% of the sludge in the 80% moisture content contains 80% of the water, which results in a large amount of sludge, large volume, and high quality, resulting in very high treatment and disposal. Difficulties, especially resource utilization, due to the large moisture content, the relative proportion of available sludge is small, and the cost of removing water is greater than the utilization value of sludge, and it is difficult to use; 4. The drying process consumes a large amount of energy.
  • the sludge produced by the sewage treatment plant with a moisture content of about 80% is directly dried to remove the water in the sludge. Because the moisture content in the sludge is too high, the amount of water evaporated and evaporated is large, and the evaporation of water is difficult, resulting in sludge drying.
  • the moisture content of the sludge after dehydration by the dehydrator is reduced to 60%, the morphology and properties of the sludge have changed greatly, the volume and quality of the sludge have changed greatly, and the water content is 60%.
  • the volume being half of the sludge with a moisture content of 80%; for landfill disposal, the 80% moisture sludge will double the required volume and the transport volume will increase by one compared with the 60% moisture sludge. Times.
  • the publication date is November 9, 2005, and the patent application number is 200510200271.2.
  • the name is sludge dewatering and stabilization treatment method.
  • the disclosed method is: the first method, 75 ⁇ 82% moisture content after dewatering of the sewage treatment plant ( The sludge with solid content of 18 ⁇ 25%) is dried by heating, and the solid content is controlled between 28 ⁇ 60% (water content 78 ⁇ 40%); the second one is heated and dried sludge and alkali
  • the powdery material is uniformly mixed and stabilized.
  • the amount of the alkaline powder is 5 ⁇ 30% of the sludge, and the PH value is 11; the coal powder is also added to the sludge amount of 1 ⁇ 20%.
  • the examples disclosed in this document are not clear enough.
  • the heating method is used for drying, and the energy consumption for drying is high, because the water removed is high, and the sludge with high water content has a large volume and mass, and the startup heat energy required for heating and drying is large;
  • the amount of powder added is up to 30% of the sludge volume, which is bound to increase the sludge quality by 30%, and it is also necessary to add pulverized coal.
  • the maximum amount is 20% of the sludge volume.
  • 50% of the mud amount the final increase in quality is 50% of the sludge quality, so the final result is not only the final quality of the sludge is not reduced, but increased by 10%, and the sludge reduction is not achieved.
  • the quality and volume of the final sludge will be increased, thereby increasing the cost of handling and disposal.
  • adjusting the pH of the sludge to 11 or more will cause the sludge to generate a large amount of ammonia gas due to high pH and pollute the environment.
  • the publication date is May 16, 2007, and the patent application number is 200610123552.7.
  • the name is the method of deep dewatering of sludge.
  • the disclosed method adopts 1. quenching and tempering. After adding filtrate to the sludge, adding Fe-containing chemical raw materials to stir the reaction. After 2 ⁇ 12min, add the chemical raw material containing Ca to stir the reaction for 3 ⁇ 15min; 2. Dehydrate, introduce the tempered sludge into the plate and frame filter press to filter out the water in the sludge, and at 1.5 ⁇ 2.5MPa Under pressure, keep pressure for 30 ⁇ 70min. After the final dewatering, the moisture content of the sludge can reach 60% or less.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that it is necessary to add the filtrate to the sludge, so it is only suitable for the sludge after centrifugal dewatering.
  • the sludge with a water content of 85-80% after centrifugal dewatering is added to the filtrate for dilution, so that the sludge contains water.
  • the rate reaches about 90%, and then the chemical raw materials containing Fe and Ca chemical raw materials are added for quenching and tempering.
  • the dewatered sludge is also diluted with water for the purpose of dewatering by means of plate and frame filtration, so that the sludge which has been centrifugally dewatered is further dehydrated to a moisture content of 60% or less.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and provide a sludge concentration and dewatering efficiency, low energy consumption, greatly reducing sludge moisture content, time-saving operation process, low investment and operation cost, and simple operation and operation. It is suitable for sludge produced by water treatment, sediments of lakes, ponds, rivers, rivers, rivers, ditches, drainage pipes, and dewatering methods for producing sludge from light, chemical and food processing.
  • a method for concentrated sludge dewatering comprising the following steps: (1) first concentrating the sludge; (2) adding the tempered sludge to the concentrated sludge The agent is mixed and then sent to a dewatering machine for dehydration; (3) The sludge after dewatering can directly be treated accordingly when the final disposal requirements are met; the key is that the sludge in the step (1) is concentrated.
  • the tempering agent is subjected to the first quenching and tempering, and then concentrated; the concentrated sludge in the pulverizing step (2;) is added to the inorganic tempering agent to be tempered again before entering the dehydrator, and the above two are The dewatering after sub-tempering greatly reduces the moisture content of the sludge.
  • the organic tempering agent in the first quenching and tempering is a polyacrylamide (PAM) organic compound, which has the functions of electrostatic neutralization and adsorption bridging, can change the properties of the sludge, and is beneficial to the sludge.
  • PAM polyacrylamide
  • the above-mentioned inorganic tempering agent is a compound containing Fe and Ca, and the compound not only has neutralizing static electricity, but also has a network.
  • the function of trapping sweeping, coagulating, adsorbing, depressing heavy metals, sterilizing, deodorizing and forming a skeleton, and having the property of changing the sludge is beneficial to the easy separation of moisture in the sludge under the action of machinery,
  • the above-mentioned polyacrylamide (PAM) organic compound is added in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5% of the dry sludge mass, and the concentrated sludge reaches 86. ⁇ 95% moisture content.
  • the above-mentioned Fe and Ca-containing compounds are added in a percentage of the dry sludge mass of 0.3 to 6% of the Fe-containing compound, and the Ca-containing compound 3 -150%, the compound in the above ratio is added to the concentrated sludge for re-tempering, and then sent to a plate and frame filter press dehydrator for dehydration, so that the moisture content of the dewatered sludge reaches 51 ⁇ 69%.
  • the above-mentioned first quenched and tempered sludge can be concentrated by gravity or mechanical concentration, and the mechanical concentration is also It is centrifuged and concentrated.
  • the dewatered sludge in the above step (3) can be dried to ensure that the dried sludge can meet the final disposal requirements. And carry out corresponding disposal.
  • the final disposal described above may be landfill or incineration, Fertilizer, brick making, organic nutrient soil, clean coal.
  • the above-mentioned dehydrator is a plate and frame filter press.
  • the sludge before concentration in the above step (l) may be sludge produced by water treatment, or may be lakes, ponds, rivers, rivers, rivers, ditches, drains.
  • the sediment of the canal can also be sludge produced by light, chemical and food processing.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the moisture content of the sludge concentrated by the method reaches 86 to 95%, and the volume of the sludge is reduced by 40-78.6 compared with the currently used sludge concentration method to reduce the moisture content of the sludge to 97%. %, which reduces the moisture content and treatment load of the sludge treated in the subsequent treatment process. At the same time, the reduction in water content reduces the volume and quality of the sludge, and correspondingly reduces the amount of sludge treated in subsequent processes. On the other hand, concentrating is the least energy-intensive process compared to other processes that remove moisture from the sludge.
  • the more moisture is removed from the sludge not only reduces the load and treatment capacity of the subsequent process, but more importantly, it greatly reduces the final energy consumption of the sludge treatment, which can greatly reduce the cost of sludge treatment. It not only reduces the amount of sludge dewatering in the process of lowering the sludge, but also shortens the concentration time, greatly reducing the volume of the sludge concentration tank and saving the floor space. At the same time, it facilitates the continuous operation of concentration and dehydration.
  • the water content of the sludge can reach 51 ⁇ 69%, which can reduce the sludge volume by 35.5 ⁇ 59.2% compared with the currently used centrifugal dewatering to 80% water content, which greatly reduces the sludge drying in the squatting process.
  • the treatment volume, sludge with a water content of 80% is twice the volume and mass of the sludge with a water content of 60%. Since drying generally removes moisture from the sludge by heating, it is a process that consumes a lot of energy in sludge treatment, and reduces the moisture content of the dewatered sludge, which not only reduces the throughput of the drying process, but also greatly reduces the need for evaporation.
  • the amount of water thus greatly reduces the energy consumption of sludge drying, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire sludge treatment process. Because, if the same sludge is dehydrated to a moisture content of 80% (in 1 ton) and then dried to a moisture content of 10%, this is a common practice at home and abroad, and this method is used to dewater the sludge to water. After 60% (0.5 tons) and then dried to a moisture content of 10%, the amount of drying is reduced by half, and the amount of water to be evaporated will be reduced from 778 kg to 278 kg, saving energy consumption by 64.3%. In particular, sludge with a moisture content of less than 60% can meet the requirements of direct landfill and can be directly landfilled without treatment.
  • the method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) first concentrating the sludge; (2) adding the condensed agent to the concentrated sludge, and then delivering it to a dehydrator for dehydration; (3) When the dewatered sludge meets the requirements of the final disposal, it can be directly disposed of accordingly; the sludge in the step (l) is added to the organic tempering agent for the first quenching before the concentration, and then Concentration; the concentrated sludge in the step (2;) is added to the desulfurizer before adding the inorganic tempering agent for re-tempering, and the dewatering is greatly reduced by the above two quenching and tempering. Moisture content.
  • the organic tempering agent in the first quenching and tempering is a polyacrylamide (PAM) organic compound, which has the functions of electrostatic neutralization and adsorption bridging, can change the properties of the sludge, and is beneficial to the sludge. Rapid sedimentation makes the sludge after sedimentation high in density, and achieves the effect of rapidly concentrating and reducing the moisture content of the sludge.
  • PAM polyacrylamide
  • the sludge that has been tempered again can obtain good dewatering effect, and the moisture content of the sludge after dewatering is very low.
  • the above inorganic tempering agent is a compound containing Fe and Ca, and the compound not only has the functions of neutralizing static electricity, net sweeping, coagulating, adsorbing, depressing heavy metal, sterilizing, deodorizing and forming a skeleton, but also has a changeable property.
  • the nature of the sludge is beneficial to the easy separation of the water in the sludge under the action of the machinery, and the water content of the sludge is greatly reduced in a short time, which is also beneficial to the sludge.
  • the above-mentioned Fe and Ca-containing compounds are added in a percentage of the dry sludge mass of 0.3 to 6%, respectively, containing Ca.
  • the compound is added in an amount of 3 to 150%, and the compound having the above ratio is added to the concentrated sludge, and the re-tempered sludge is sent to a plate and frame dehydrator for dehydration to dewater the sludge.
  • the water content reaches 51 ⁇ 69%; in order to make the sludge concentration after the first quenching and tempering effect better, the above-mentioned first quenched and tempered sludge can be concentrated by gravity or concentrated by centrifugation.
  • the dewatered sludge in the above step (3) can be dried to make the dried sludge meet the final disposal requirements and be disposed of accordingly; the final disposal area can be clarified, and the final disposal mentioned above It can be used for landfill, or for incineration, fertilizer production, brick making, organic nutrient soil, and clean coal.
  • the above-mentioned dewatering machine is a plate and frame filter press;
  • the invention is applicable to sludges in different fields, and the sludge before concentration in the above step (l) may be sludge produced by water treatment, or may be lakes, ponds, rivers, rivers, rivers, ditches, drainage pipes and channels.
  • the sediment can also be sludge produced by light, chemical and food processing.
  • the excess sludge with a water content of 99.5% in the secondary sewage tank of the urban domestic sewage treatment plant is sent to the agitation tank, and polyacrylamide (PAM) is added to fully stir and mix, so that the polyacrylamide (PAM) and the sludge are fully reacted and flocculated.
  • the first quenching and tempering of the sludge is achieved, and the dosage is 0.12% of the dry sludge mass.
  • the tempered sludge is transported to the sludge concentration tank to settle under gravity, and is rapidly concentrated.
  • the concentration time is 60 minutes, and the water separated from the sludge forms a supernatant. Exclude outside the pool.
  • the concentrated sludge was pumped out to the bottom of the concentration tank to the lower simmering process, and the water content of the concentrated sludge was 93%.
  • the concentrated sludge is pumped to a re-tempered mixing tank, and the Fe compound is added first, and the dosage is
  • the compound added with Ca was added in an amount of 7%, and the calculation of the dosage was based on the amount of dry sludge at the time of re-tempering.
  • Stirring was carried out for a period of 10 minutes, and the added tempering agent and the sludge were thoroughly mixed and reacted to flocculate to achieve inorganic tempering again.
  • the quenched and tempered sludge was transferred to a plate and frame filter press with a pressure of 25 MPa.
  • the injection pressure was 1.2 MPa, and the dehydration process was completed after 2 hours.
  • the plate and frame filter press was opened to release the dewatered sludge cake, and the sludge moisture content at this time was 58%.
  • the excess sludge with a water content of 99.7% in the secondary sedimentation tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant is sent to the agitation tank, and polyacrylamide (PAM) is added to fully mix and mix, so that the polyacrylamide (PAM) and the sludge are fully reacted and flocculated.
  • the first quenching and tempering of the sludge is achieved, and the dosage is 0.15% of the dry sludge quality.
  • the tempered sludge is transported to the sludge concentration tank to settle under gravity, and is rapidly concentrated.
  • the concentration time is 120 minutes, and the water separated from the sludge forms a supernatant, which is Exclude outside the pool.
  • the concentrated sludge is pumped out to the bottom of the concentration tank to the squatting process, and the concentrated sludge has a water content of 90%.
  • the concentrated sludge is pumped to a re-tempered mixing tank, and the Fe compound is added first, and the dosage is 2.28%, the compound of Ca was added, and the dosage was 8.4%.
  • the calculation of the dosage was based on the amount of dry sludge at the time of re-tempering. Stirring is carried out, the reaction time is stirred for 10 minutes, and the added tempering agent and the sludge are thoroughly mixed to react and flocculate to achieve inorganic tempering again.
  • the quenched and tempered sludge was transferred to a plate and frame filter press with a pressure of 25 MPa, and the injection pressure was 1.2 MPa, and the dehydration process was completed in 2.5 hours.
  • the plate and frame filter press was opened to release the dewatered sludge cake, and the sludge moisture content at this time was 55%.
  • the excess sludge with a water content of 99.3% in the secondary sedimentation tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant is sent to the agitation tank, and polyacrylamide (PAM) is added to fully mix and mix, so that the polyacrylamide (PAM) and the sludge are fully reacted and flocculated.
  • the first quenching and tempering of the sludge was achieved, and the dosage was 0.16% of the dry sludge quality.
  • the tempered sludge is transported to the sludge concentration tank to settle under gravity, and is rapidly concentrated. The concentration time is 120 minutes, and the water separated from the sludge forms a supernatant, which is Exclude outside the pool.
  • the concentrated sludge is pumped out to the bottom of the concentration tank to the lower simmering process, and the water content of the concentrated sludge is 90.7%.
  • the concentrated sludge is pumped to the re-tempered mixing tank, and the Fe compound is added first, the dosage is 2.09%, and the compound of Ca is added, the dosage is 9.8%, and the dosage is calculated to be quenched again.
  • the amount of dry sludge at the time is the benchmark. Stirring is carried out, and the reaction time is stirred for 10 minutes, and the added tempering agent and the sludge are thoroughly mixed and reacted to flocculate to achieve inorganic tempering again.
  • the quenched and tempered sludge was transferred to a plate and frame filter press with a pressure of 25 MPa.
  • the injection pressure was 1.2 MPa, and the dehydration process was completed after 3 hours.
  • the plate and frame filter was opened, and the dewatered sludge cake was discharged.
  • the sludge moisture content at this time was 51%.
  • the excess sludge with a water content of 99.5% in the secondary sewage tank of the urban domestic sewage treatment plant is sent to the agitation tank, and polyacrylamide (PAM) is added to fully mix and mix, so that the polyacrylamide (PAM) and the sludge are fully reacted and flocculated.
  • the first quenching and tempering of the sludge was achieved, and the dosage was 0.09% of the dry sludge quality.
  • the tempered sludge is transported to the sludge concentration tank to settle under gravity, and is rapidly concentrated. The concentration time is 60 minutes, and the water separated from the sludge forms a supernatant. Exclude the pool.
  • the concentrated sludge was pumped out to the bottom of the concentration tank to the lower simmering process, and the water content of the concentrated sludge was 95.3%.
  • the concentrated sludge is pumped to a re-tempered mixing tank, and the Fe compound is added first, and the dosage is 1.71%, the compound of Ca was added, and the dosage was 7%.
  • the calculation of the dosage was based on the amount of dry sludge at the time of re-tempering. Stirring is carried out, the reaction time is stirred for 10 minutes, and the added tempering agent and the sludge are thoroughly mixed to react and flocculate to achieve inorganic tempering again.
  • the quenched and tempered sludge was transported to a plate and frame filter press with a pressure of 25 MPa, and the injection pressure was 1.2 MPa, and the dehydration process was completed in 2 hours.
  • the plate and frame filter press was opened to release the dewatered sludge cake, and the sludge moisture content at this time was 62%.
  • the excess sludge with a water content of 99.5% in the secondary sewage tank of the urban domestic sewage treatment plant is sent to the agitation tank, and polyacrylamide (PAM) is added to fully mix and mix, so that the polyacrylamide (PAM) and the sludge are fully reacted and flocculated.
  • the first quenching and tempering of the sludge was achieved, and the dosage was 0.07% of the dry sludge quality.
  • the tempered sludge is transported to the sludge concentration tank to settle under gravity, and is rapidly concentrated. The concentration time is 60 minutes, and the water separated from the sludge forms a supernatant. Exclude outside the pool.
  • the concentrated sludge was pumped out to the bottom of the concentration tank to the lower simmering process, and the water content of the concentrated sludge was 96.1%.
  • the concentrated sludge is pumped to the re-tempered mixing tank, and the Fe compound is added first, the dosage is 1.75%, and the compound of Ca is added, the dosage is 5.6%, and the dosage is calculated to be quenched again.
  • the amount of dry sludge at the time is the benchmark. Stirring is carried out, and the reaction time is stirred for 10 minutes, and the added tempering agent and the sludge are thoroughly mixed and reacted to flocculate to achieve inorganic tempering again.
  • the quenched and tempered sludge was transferred to a plate and frame filter press with a pressure of 25 MPa, and the injection pressure was 1.2 MPa, and the dehydration process was completed in 2 hours.
  • the plate and frame filter press was opened to release the dewatered sludge cake, and the sludge moisture content at this time was 64%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Description

一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法
本发明所属技术领域
本发明属于污泥处理方法的领域，特别涉及一种可处理不同含水率的污泥， 并且能够将处理后的污泥再利用的污泥浓缩脱水的方法。
本发明之前的现有技术
针对目前不同含水率的污泥处理方法而言，大部分都是采用先对污泥进行 浓缩， 之后再加入调质剂进行脱水的方法， 其具体歩骤如下： 先将污泥输送至 重力浓缩池进行浓缩， 再对经过浓缩后的污泥加入调质剂混合， 然后输送至脱 水机进行脱水。 脱水后的污泥满足最终处置的要求时， 可进行相应的处置； 当 经过脱水机脱水后的污泥不符合最终处置要求时， 可进一歩进行干燥处理， 使 干燥后的污泥达到最终处置的要求， 之后进行相应的处置。 上述提到的有机调 质剂具有静电中和和吸附架桥的功能， 可促进污泥凝聚或絮凝， 达到提高污泥 脱水效率的目的。 为了提高污泥脱水效率， 可以采用聚丙烯酰胺进行调质。
上述的污泥处理方法存在如下缺点： 1、 浓缩后的污泥含水率高， 浓缩时 间长， 浓缩池占地面积大。 污泥浓缩方法是将含水率高的污泥注入重力浓缩池 进行浓缩， 所以浓缩后的污泥含水率一般为 97%， 且浓缩时间长， 还需要很大 的污泥浓缩池， 占地面积很大； 2、 最终处置困难。 污泥脱水的方法是向经过浓 缩后的污泥中加入有机物调质剂进行调质， 再输入至污泥脱水机中进行机械脱 水， 常用的脱水机是离心脱水机， 这种污泥脱水方式只能将污泥的含水率脱至 80%左右； 也有极少部分采用板框压滤脱水机， 但污泥的含水率也只能脱至 70~75%。 这些污泥脱水方式并没有将污泥的含水率降到最佳的程度； 而且 70~80%含水率的污泥， 最终处理处置困难， 也使垃圾填埋场难以接纳， 这主要 是因为此时的污泥易坍塌， 难堆积， 且极易堵塞垃圾渗滤液收集系统； 3、 脱水 后污泥的体积大， 质量大、 产生量多， 造成处理处置的成本极大。 由于上述污 泥处理方法， 浓缩可使污泥含水率达到 97%左右， 离心脱水可使污泥含水率达 到 80%左右，板框压滤脱水可使污泥含水率达到 70~75%，而且现有污水处理厂 大量使用的是离心脱水， 板框压滤脱水只有一少部分应用， 因此目前污水处理 厂脱水后污泥的含水率一般都在 80%左右。对其进一歩处理与处置， 由于量大， 水分含量高， 造成利用价值小于处理成本， 使资源化利用受到了极大的限制。 譬如污泥的水分含量高， 80%含水率的污泥中只有 20%的干污泥， 由此含有的 80%水分， 造成了污泥的量大， 体积大， 质量大， 致使处理处置十分困难， 特 别是资源化利用， 由于水分含量大， 可利用的污泥量相对比例很小， 造成去除 水分的成本大于污泥的利用价值， 而难以进行利用； 4、 干燥处理能耗大。 污水 处理厂产生的含水率 80%左右的污泥直接进行干燥去除污泥中的水分， 由于污 泥中水分的含量过高， 干燥蒸发的水量很大， 而且水分蒸发困难， 造成污泥干 燥处理要消耗大量的热量， 致使能耗很大， 从而干燥成本很高， 干燥设备的负 荷、 处理量很大， 导致污泥处理处置的投资与运行成本十分昂贵， 经济上难以 承受; 倘若做进一歩的干燥处理至含水率 10 %， 则 80%含水率的污泥处理量比 60%含水率的污泥多一倍； 需干燥蒸发掉的水分， 1 吨 80%含水率的污泥将是 0.5吨 60%含水率的污泥蒸发量的 2.8倍。 5、 污泥在装卸与运输上也十分不便。 譬如将经过脱水机脱水后的污泥含水率降至 60%， 污泥的形态与性质发生了极 大的变化， 污泥的体积与质量发生极大的变化， 含水率 60%污泥的质量与体积 是含水率 80%污泥的一半； 做填埋处置， 80%含水率的污泥与 60%含水率的污 泥相比， 所需要的容积将增加一倍， 运输量也将增加一倍。
从上述情况可知，制约污泥处理处置的关键环节之一在于污泥的浓缩与脱 水， 而目前普遍采用的污泥处理方法并没有更好地将污泥中的水分分离出来， 浓缩与脱水去除污泥中水分的效率仍然较低。
公开日为 2005年 11月 9日， 专利申请号为 200510200271.2， 名称为污泥 脱水和稳定化处理方法，所公开的方法是：第一歩，将污水处理厂脱水后 75~82% 含水率 （含固率 18~25%) 的污泥， 加热进行干燥处理， 含固量控制在 28~60% (含水率 78~40%)之间； 第二歩， 将加热干燥后的污泥与碱性粉状物料均匀混 合， 进行稳定化处理， 碱性粉状料加入量是污泥量的 5~30%， PH值达到 11 ; 还加入煤粉是污泥量的 1~20%。 这份文件所公开的实施例不够明确， 没有具体 的实施案例与实施方案， 不知实施情况如何， 更没有说明加入碱性粉状料、 煤 粉后， 污泥的含水率达到多少， 污泥的性状、 性质如何。 针对上述方法而言， 一方面是将含水率 75~82%的脱水污泥进行加热干燥，对于高含水率的污泥采用 加热的方法进行干燥， 干燥所需的能耗很高， 因为去除的水分多， 而且高含水 率的污泥， 由于体积与质量很大， 加热干燥时需要的启动热能很大； 另一方面 碱性粉料的加入量最高为污泥量的 30%, 这势必增加 30%的污泥质量， 而且还 要加入煤粉， 最大量为污泥量的 20%， 两者和在一起， 达到污泥量的 50%， 则 最终增加的质量为污泥质量的 50%， 所以最终的结果使污泥的最终质量不仅没 有减少， 反而增加了 10%， 没有实现污泥的减量化， 这必将增加最终处置污泥 的质量与体积，从而增加处理与处置的费用。还有将污泥的 PH值调至 11以上， 将造成污泥因 PH值高产生大量氨气， 污染环境。
公开日为 2007年 5月 16日， 专利申请号为 200610123552.7， 名称为污泥 深度脱水的方法， 所公开的方法采用 1、 调质， 在污泥中加入滤液后， 添加含 Fe化工原料搅拌反应 2~12min后，再添加含 Ca化工原料搅拌反应 3~15min; 2、 脱水，把调质好的污泥引入板框压滤机将污泥中的水分压滤掉，并在 1.5~2.5MPa 的压力下保压 30~70min。 最终脱水后污泥的含水率可以达到 60%以下。 此种方 法的缺点是， 需要向污泥中加入滤液， 因此只适用于目前离心脱水后的污泥， 将离心脱水后含水率 85~80%的污泥加入滤液进行稀释， 使污泥的含水率达到 90%左右， 再加入含 Fe化工原料与 Ca化工原料进行调质。 对已经脱水的污泥 还要加水进行稀释， 是为了利用板框压滤进一歩脱水， 使已经离心脱水的污泥 进行进一歩的脱水达到含水率 60%以下。
发明目的
本发明的目的在于解决上述存在的问题，提供一种污泥浓缩与脱水效率高、 能耗低、 大幅度降低污泥含水率、 操作过程省时， 且投资与运行费用低， 操作 运行简便， 适用于水处理产生的污泥， 湖泊、 塘、 河涌、 江、 河、 沟渠、 排水 管渠的底泥， 轻、 化工与食品加工生产产生污泥的浓缩脱水方法。
本发明采用的技术方案
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的： 一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 该方法包括 以下歩骤： （1 ) 先将污泥进行浓缩； （2 ) 再对经过浓缩后的污泥加入调质剂混 合， 然后输送至脱水机进行脱水； （3 )脱水后的污泥在满足最终处置的要求时， 可直接进行相应的处置；关键在于所述歩骤 (1) 中的污泥在进行浓缩前加入有机 调质剂进行第一次调质， 之后才进行浓缩； 所述歩骤 (2；)中经过浓缩后的污泥在 进入脱水机之前， 加入无机调质剂进行再次调质， 通过上述的两次调质后再脱 水极大地降低了污泥的含水率。
为使通过第一次调质的污泥经过浓缩后含水率更低、大幅度缩短浓缩时间； 也为再次对污泥进行调质， 进一歩进行污泥脱水， 获得含水率较低的污泥创造 条件， 上述第一次调质中的有机调质剂为聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 有机化合物， 该 有机化合物具有静电中和和吸附架桥的功能， 可改变污泥的性质， 有利于污泥 快速沉降， 使沉淀后的污泥密实度高， 达到快速浓缩、 降低污泥含水率的效果。
为使再次调质的污泥， 能够获得良好的脱水效果， 进一歩降低脱水后的污 泥含水率， 上述的无机调质剂为含 Fe、 Ca的化合物， 该化合物不但具有中和静 电、 网捕卷扫、 助凝、 吸附、 钝化重金属、 杀菌、 除臭以及形成骨架的功能， 而且具有可改变污泥的性质， 有利于在机械作用下使污泥中的水分易于分离出 来， 达到在短时间内大幅度降低污泥含水率的功能； 同时可以确保经过再次调 质脱水后的污泥进行干燥处理时， 形成良好的颗粒化污泥， 满足污泥干燥时对 污泥颗粒的要求。
为能够满足第一次调质的污泥含水率更低的要求， 上述的聚丙烯酰胺 (PAM) 有机化合物的投加量为干污泥质量的 0.05~0.5%， 使浓缩后污泥达到 86~95%的含水率。
为了使污泥经过板框压滤机脱水后含水率更加低， 上述含 Fe、 Ca的化合物 投加量为干污泥质量的百分数分别是含 Fe的化合物 0.3~6%， 含 Ca的化合物 3-150%, 将投加量为上述比例的化合物投加到经过浓缩的污泥中进行再次调质 后， 输送至板框压滤脱水机进行脱水， 使脱水后的污泥含水率达到 51~69%。
为了使经过第一次调质后的污泥浓缩效果更好， 上述的第一次调质后的污 泥进行浓缩的方式可采用重力浓缩， 也可以采用机械浓缩， 所述的机械浓缩也 以是离心浓缩。
为了使经过脱水后的污泥适应不同应用领域的最终处置要求， 上述的歩骤 (3 )中经过脱水后的污泥可进行干燥处理， 使干燥处理后的污泥能够满足最终 处置的要求时， 并进行相应的处置。
为了能够明确最终处置的领域， 上述的最终处置可为填埋， 也可为焚烧、 制肥、 制砖、 制有机营养土、 制清洁煤。
为了使经过调质后的污泥含水率更加低， 上述脱水机为板框压滤机。
为了使本发明适用不同领域的污泥， 上述歩骤 (l )中浓缩前的污泥可为水处 理产生的污泥， 也可为湖泊、 塘、 河涌、 江、 河、 沟渠、 排水管渠的底泥， 还 可为轻、 化工与食品加工生产产生的污泥。
本发明的有益效果是： 经过本方法浓缩后的污泥的含水率达到 86~95%， 与目前常用的污泥浓缩方法将污泥含水率降低至 97 %相比， 体积减少了 40-78.6%, 降低了后续处理工序所处理污泥的含水率和处理负荷。 同时， 含水 率降低减少了污泥的体积与质量， 相应减少了后续工序处理污泥的量。 另一方 面， 浓缩与其他去除污泥中水分的工艺相比， 是耗能最少的工序。 在浓缩阶段 将污泥中的水分去除得越多， 不仅减轻后续工序的负荷、 处理量， 更重要的是 大幅度降低污泥处理的最终能耗， 可以极大地降低污泥处理的成本。 既减少了 进入下歩工序污泥脱水的处理量， 又缩短了浓缩时间， 极大地减少了污泥浓缩 池的容积， 节省了占地面积。 同时， 有利于浓缩与脱水的连续运行。
经过本方法脱水后污泥的含水率可达到 51~69%，比目前常用的离心脱水至 含水率 80 %的方法可减少污泥量 35.5~59.2%， 极大地减少了下歩工序污泥干燥 的处理量， 含水率 80%的污泥在体积与质量上， 是含水率 60%的污泥的 2倍。 由于干燥一般是通过加热的方法去除污泥中的水分， 因此是污泥处理耗能很高 的工序， 降低脱水污泥的含水率， 不仅可以减少干燥工序的处理量， 而且可以 大大减少需要蒸发的水量， 从而极大地节省污泥干燥的能耗， 进而减少整个污 泥处理过程的能耗。 因为， 如果将同样的污泥脱水到含水率 80% (以 1吨计） 后再干燥到含水率 10%， 这是目前国内外通常的做法， 与采用本方法将这种污 泥脱水到含水率 60% (0.5吨）后再干燥到含水率 10%相比较， 干化量减少了一 半， 需蒸发的水量将由 778 kg减少至 278 kg , 节省能耗 64.3%。 特别是含水率 60%以下的污泥可以达到直接填埋的要求， 不需处理就可直接填埋。 解决了目 前 80%的污泥难以进行直接填埋， 进一歩处理难度又大的问题； 而且含水率 51~69%的污泥与含水率 80%的污泥相比， 又十分便于运输。
附图说明 图 1是本发明的工艺流程图。
实施例
如图 1所示， 本发明的方法包括以下歩骤： （1 ) 先将污泥进行浓缩； （2) 再对经过浓缩后的污泥加入调质剂混合， 然后输送至脱水机进行脱水； （3 ) 脱 水后的污泥在满足最终处置的要求时， 可直接进行相应的处置； 歩骤 (l )中的污 泥在进行浓缩前加入有机调质剂进行第一次调质， 之后才进行浓缩； 所述歩骤 (2；)中经过浓缩后的污泥在进入脱水机之前， 加入无机调质剂进行再次调质， 通 过上述的两次调质后再脱水极大地降低了污泥的含水率。 为使通过第一次调质 的污泥经过浓缩后含水率更低、 大幅度缩短浓缩时间； 也为再次对污泥进行调 质， 进一歩进行污泥脱水， 获得含水率较低的污泥创造条件， 上述第一次调质 中的有机调质剂为聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 有机化合物， 该有机化合物具有静电中 和和吸附架桥的功能， 可改变污泥的性质， 有利于污泥快速沉降， 使沉淀后的 污泥密实度高， 达到快速浓缩、 降低污泥含水率的效果； 使再次调质的污泥， 能够获得良好的脱水效果， 脱水后的污泥含水率很低， 上述的无机调质剂为含 Fe、 Ca的化合物， 该化合物不但具有中和静电、 网捕卷扫、 助凝、 吸附、 钝化 重金属、 杀菌、 除臭以及形成骨架的功能， 而且具有可改变污泥的性质， 有利 于在机械作用下使污泥中的水分易于分离出来， 达到在短时间内大幅度降低污 泥的含水率， 还具有利于钝化污泥中的重金属； 所以无机调质剂确保经过再次 调质脱水后的污泥进行干燥处理时， 形成良好的颗粒化污泥， 满足污泥干燥时 对污泥颗粒的要求。 为能够满足第一次调质的污泥含水率更低的要求， 上述的 聚丙烯酰胺（PAM)有机化合物的投加量为干污泥质量的 0.05~0.5%， 使浓缩后 污泥达到 86~95%%的含水率。为使污泥经过板框压滤机脱水后含水率进一歩降 低， 上述含 Fe、 Ca的化合物投加量为干污泥质量的百分数分别为含 Fe的化合 物为 0.3~6%， 含 Ca的化合物为 3~150%， 将投加量为上述比例的化合物投加到 浓缩后的污泥中， 进行再次调质的污泥后， 输送至板框脱水机进行脱水， 使脱 水后的污泥含水率达到 51~69%； 为使经过第一次调质后的污泥浓缩效果更好， 上述的第一次调质后的污泥进行浓缩的方式可采用重力浓缩， 也可以采用离心 浓缩， 还可以采用真空浓缩； 经过脱水后的污泥适应不同应用领域的最终处置， 上述的歩骤（3 ) 中经过脱水后的污泥可通过干燥处理， 使干燥处理后的污泥能 够满足最终处置的要求， 并进行相应的处置； 可以明确最终处置的领域， 上述 的最终处置可为填埋， 也可为焚烧、 制肥、 制砖、 制有机营养土、 制清洁煤， 为使经过调质后的污泥含水率进一歩降低， 上述脱水机为板框压滤机； 本发明 适用不同领域的污泥， 上述歩骤 (l )中浓缩前的污泥可为水处理产生的污泥， 也 可为湖泊、 塘、 河涌、 江、 河、 沟渠、 排水管渠的底泥， 还可为轻、 化工与食 品加工生产产生的污泥。
实施例 1
将城市生活污水处理厂二沉池含水率为 99.5%的剩余污泥输送至搅拌池中， 加入 聚丙烯酰胺 (PAM)进行充分搅拌混合，使聚丙烯酰胺 (PAM)与污泥充分反应絮凝， 实现对污泥的第一次调质， 投加量为干污泥质量的 0.12%。 再将调质后的污泥输送至 污泥浓缩池， 使其在重力作用下沉降， 进行快速浓缩， 浓缩时间即停留时间为 60分 钟， 从污泥中分离出来的水分形成上清液， 被排除池外。 浓缩后的污泥在浓缩池的底 部被抽出输送至下歩工序， 浓缩后污泥的含水率为 93%。
将浓缩后的污泥抽送至再次调质的搅拌池中， 先加入 Fe化合物， 投加量为
1.9%， 再加入 Ca的化合物， 投加量为 7%， 投加量的计算以再次调质时的干污 泥量为基准。 进行充分搅拌， 搅拌反应时间为 10分钟， 使所投加的调质剂与污 泥充分混合反应絮凝， 实现再次无机调质。 调质后的污泥输送至保压 25Mpa的 板框压滤机中， 注入压力为 1.2Mpa， 2小时后完成脱水过程。 打开板框压滤机， 放出脱水污泥泥饼， 此时的污泥含水率为 58%。
实施例 2
将城市生活污水处理厂二沉池含水率为 99.7%的剩余污泥输送至搅拌池中， 加入聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 进行充分搅拌混合， 使聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 与污泥充 分反应絮凝， 实现对污泥的第一次调质， 投加量为干污泥质量的 0.15%。 再将 调质后的污泥输送至污泥浓缩池， 使其在重力作用下沉降， 进行快速浓缩， 浓 缩时间即停留时间为 120分钟， 从污泥中分离出来的水分形成上清液， 被排除 池外。 浓缩后的污泥在浓缩池的底部被抽出输送至下歩工序， 浓缩后污泥的含 水率为 90%。
将浓缩后的污泥抽送至再次调质的搅拌池中， 先加入 Fe化合物， 投加量为 2.28%, 再加入 Ca的化合物， 投加量为 8.4%, 投加量的计算以再次调质时的干 污泥量为基准。 进行充分搅拌， 搅拌反应时间为 10分钟， 使所投加的调质剂与 污泥充分混合反应絮凝， 实现再次无机调质。 调质后的污泥输送至保压 25Mpa 的板框压滤机中， 注入压力为 1.2Mpa， 2.5 小时完成脱水过程。 打开板框压滤 机， 放出脱水污泥泥饼， 此时的污泥含水率为 55%。
实施例 3
将城市生活污水处理厂二沉池含水率为 99.3%的剩余污泥输送至搅拌池中， 加入聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 进行充分搅拌混合， 使聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 与污泥充 分反应絮凝， 实现对污泥的第一次调质， 投加量为干污泥质量的 0.16%。 再将 调质后的污泥输送至污泥浓缩池， 使其在重力作用下沉降， 进行快速浓缩， 浓 缩时间即停留时间为 120分钟， 从污泥中分离出来的水分形成上清液， 被排除 池外。 浓缩后的污泥在浓缩池的底部被抽出输送至下歩工序， 浓缩后污泥的含 水率为 90.7%。
将浓缩后的污泥抽送至再次调质的搅拌池中， 先加入 Fe化合物， 投加量为 2.09%, 再加入 Ca的化合物， 投加量为 9.8%, 投加量的计算以再次调质时的干 污泥量为基准。 进行充分搅拌， 搅拌反应时间为 10分钟， 使所投加的调质剂与 污泥充分混合反应絮凝， 实现再次无机调质。 调质后的污泥输送至保压 25Mpa 的板框压滤机中， 注入压力为 1.2Mpa， 3小时后完成脱水过程。 打开板框压滤 机， 放出脱水污泥泥饼， 此时的污泥含水率为 51%。
实施例 4
将城市生活污水处理厂二沉池含水率为 99.5%的剩余污泥输送至搅拌池中， 加入聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 进行充分搅拌混合， 使聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 与污泥充 分反应絮凝， 实现对污泥的第一次调质， 投加量为干污泥质量的 0.09%。 再将 调质后的污泥输送至污泥浓缩池， 使其在重力作用下沉降， 进行快速浓缩， 浓 缩时间即停留时间为 60分钟， 从污泥中分离出来的水分形成上清液， 被排除池 夕卜。 浓缩后的污泥在浓缩池的底部被抽出输送至下歩工序， 浓缩后污泥的含水 率为 95.3%。
将浓缩后的污泥抽送至再次调质的搅拌池中， 先加入 Fe化合物， 投加量为 1.71%， 再加入 Ca的化合物， 投加量为 7%， 投加量的计算以再次调质时的干 污泥量为基准。 进行充分搅拌， 搅拌反应时间为 10分钟， 使所投加的调质剂与 污泥充分混合反应絮凝， 实现再次无机调质。 调质后的污泥输送至保压 25Mpa 的板框压滤机中， 注入压力为 1.2Mpa， 2小时完成脱水过程。 打开板框压滤机， 放出脱水污泥泥饼， 此时的污泥含水率为 62%。
实施例 5
将城市生活污水处理厂二沉池含水率为 99.5%的剩余污泥输送至搅拌池中， 加入聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 进行充分搅拌混合， 使聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 与污泥充 分反应絮凝， 实现对污泥的第一次调质， 投加量为干污泥质量的 0.07%。 再将 调质后的污泥输送至污泥浓缩池， 使其在重力作用下沉降， 进行快速浓缩， 浓 缩时间即停留时间为 60分钟， 从污泥中分离出来的水分形成上清液， 被排除池 外。 浓缩后的污泥在浓缩池的底部被抽出输送至下歩工序， 浓缩后污泥的含水 率为 96.1%。
将浓缩后的污泥抽送至再次调质的搅拌池中， 先加入 Fe化合物， 投加量为 1.75%, 再加入 Ca的化合物， 投加量为 5.6%, 投加量的计算以再次调质时的干 污泥量为基准。 进行充分搅拌， 搅拌反应时间为 10分钟， 使所投加的调质剂与 污泥充分混合反应絮凝， 实现再次无机调质。 调质后的污泥输送至保压 25Mpa 的板框压滤机中， 注入压力为 1.2Mpa， 2小时完成脱水过程。 打开板框压滤机， 放出脱水污泥泥饼， 此时的污泥含水率为 64%。

Claims

权利 要 求
1、 一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 该方法包括以下歩骤：
( 1 ) 先将污泥进行浓缩；
(2)再对经过浓缩后的污泥加入调质剂混合，然后输送至脱水机进行脱水；
(3 ) 脱水后的污泥在满足最终处置的要求时， 可直接进行相应的处置； 其特征在于所述歩骤 (1)中的污泥在进行浓缩前加入有机调质剂进行第一次 调质， 之后才进行浓缩； 所述歩骤 (2；)中经过浓缩后的污泥在进入脱水机之前， 加入无机调质剂进行再次调质。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述第一 次调质中的有机调质剂为聚丙烯酰胺 （PAM) 有机化合物， 该有机化合物具有 静电中和和吸附架桥的功能， 可改变污泥的性质， 有利于污泥快速沉降， 使沉 淀后的污泥密实度高， 达到快速浓缩、 充分降低污泥含水率的效果。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述的无 机调质剂为含 Fe、 Ca的化合物， 该化合物不但具有中和静电、 网捕卷扫、助凝、 吸附、 钝化重金属、 杀菌、 除臭以及形成骨架的功能， 而且具有可改变污泥的 性质， 有利于在机械作用下使污泥中的水分易于分离出来， 达到在短时间内大 幅度降低污泥含水率的功能； 同时可以确保经过再次调质脱水后的污泥进行干 燥处理时， 形成良好的颗粒化污泥， 满足污泥干燥时对污泥颗粒的要求。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述的聚 丙烯酰胺（PAM)有机化合物的投加量为干污泥质量的 0.05~0.5%， 使浓缩后污 泥达到 86~95%的含水率。
5、 根据权利要求 3 所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述含 Fe、Ca的化合物投加量为干污泥质量的百分数分别是含 Fe的化合物为 0.3~6%， 含 Ca的化合物为 3~150%， 将投加量为上述比例的化合物投加到经过浓缩的污 泥中进行再次调质后， 输送至板框压滤脱水机进行脱水， 使脱水后的污泥含水 率达到 51~69%。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述 的第一次调质后的污泥进行浓缩的方式可采用重力浓缩，也可以采用机械浓缩。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 3所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述 的歩骤（3) 中经过脱水后的污泥可进行干燥处理， 使干燥处理后的污泥能够满 足最终处置的要求， 并进行相应的处置。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述的最 终处置可为填埋， 也可为焚烧、 制肥、 制砖、 制有机营养土、 制清洁煤。
9、 根据权利要求 1或所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述脱 水机为板框压滤机。
10、 根据权利要求 1 中所述的一种污泥浓缩脱水的方法， 其特征在于所述 歩骤 I)中浓缩前的污泥可为水处理产生的污泥， 也可为湖泊、 塘、 河涌、 江、 河、 沟渠、 排水管渠的底泥， 还可为轻、 化工与食品加工生产产生的污泥。
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