Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
  • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
  • F25J3/067—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon dioxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
  • B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
  • B01D53/12—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/102—Carbon
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
  • B01D2256/22—Carbon dioxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/102—Nitrogen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/104—Oxygen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/11—Noble gases
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
  • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
  • B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
  • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
  • B01D2257/2047—Hydrofluoric acid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
  • B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
  • B01D2257/2064—Chlorine
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
  • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
  • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
  • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
  • B01D2257/408—Cyanides, e.g. hydrogen cyanide (HCH)
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
  • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
  • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/80—Water
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
  • B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
  • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
  • F25J2205/40—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using hybrid system, i.e. combining cryogenic and non-cryogenic separation techniques
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
  • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/70—Flue or combustion exhaust gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
  • F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
  • F25J2220/82—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components, e.g. He, H2, CO, Air gases, CH4
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
  • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
  • F25J2230/80—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being carbon dioxide
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
  • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
  • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
  • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids

Definitions

• separators both gas / liquid separators of various types
• step b) the purification step is carried out between step b) and step c);
• the second waste gas is treated by washing and / or refrigeration followed by a gas-liquid separation; at least a portion of the stream of CO2-enriched gas resulting from the purification step makes it possible to regenerate at least part of the adsorbent materials of the purification unit;
• the pretreatment step comprises at least one of the following treatments: catalysis, filtration, washing and desulfurization, with the washing being able to be coupled with a cooling of the feed gas.
• FIG. 1 represents a device making it possible to carry out a method according to the present invention characterized by the location of the purification step at the end of the compression cycle, that is to say between steps b) and c).
• the first step a) of the present invention aims at treating the fumes using known methods forming part of the state of the art. Washing is commonly found, which uses different liquids (or solvents) such as water, alcohols
• a washing in particular a washing with water, may be coupled with the partial cooling of the feed gas stream, thus ensuring the triple function of condensation of the heavier compounds, adsorption of the most soluble compounds and retention of solid particles, in particular containing metal compounds.
• the gas resulting from step a) may in general contain: a large majority of CO2 (generally greater than 80%); nitrogen oxides, called NOx, such as NO, NO2, N2O4 ...; - sulfur oxides, called SOx, such as SO2, SO3, H2SO4 ...; water at saturation (at the conditions of temperature and pressure of the flow).
• NOx nitrogen oxides
• SOx sulfur oxides
• the treatment processes in the first stage almost all require the contact of the gas with an aqueous solution; oxygen up to a few percent (derived from the excess compared to the stoichiometry necessary to ensure a good combustion efficiency); CO (unburnt combustion); incondensables vis-à-vis CO2: nitrogen, argon, oxygen and rare gases, mainly from the air inlets on the oxy-combustion boiler and the purity of oxygen; - heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic, iron, nickel, tin, lead, cadmium, vanadium, molybdenum, selenium and compounds derived from these metals; volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and unburned hydrocarbons.
• VOCs volatile organic compounds
• the fourth step d) then aims to recover a stream of purified gas, enriched in CO 2 .
• the generally used temperature level below 0 ° C. requires a reduction in the water content, and possibly some other compounds not sufficiently retained during the pre-treatment stage or during successive compressions and condensations. Indeed, the presence of water or these other compounds likely to be deposited in equipment such as heavy hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds or nitrogen compounds ... would prohibit reaching in the penultimate step c) the temperature levels sufficiently cold, preferably between -20 ° C and -60 ° C, to effectively produce a flow of CO 2 content in accordance with current standards. Producing efficiently means a global cost encompassing investment and energy related to this industrially acceptable production, aligned with the expectations of international organizations.
• the purification step (or so-called polishing) is required between the first step a) which pretreat the flow of feed gas for their subsequent processing and the third step c) which allows to to separate the incondensable compounds from the CO2 contained in the gas flow.
• This purification step may be placed throughout the second step b) which aims to gradually compress the gases from around atmospheric pressure to the pressure required mainly to separate the inert from the majority CO2.
• the choice of the location of the purification step will be a function of a number of criteria such as the investment, the type of materials in the second step b), the nature and the concentration of the impurities.
• the first possibility is to place the purification step at the beginning of step b), that is to say to carry out the purification at low pressure.
• this position has two disadvantages, namely:
• the position of the purification stage upstream of the compressor train constituting the second step b) makes it possible to envisage removing the impurities that are detrimental to the rest of the process: that is to say water, organic compounds volatile, metal-based compounds ... also, it may result in a certain advantage as to the nature of the materials to be used in the following, particularly in the steps of compressions.
• the compression step (s) upstream of the purification step make it possible to condense water, thereby decreasing the quantity of water to be stopped at the level of the purification step and therefore the volume adsorbent of said purification.
• the increase in pressure makes it possible to reduce the volume real gas to be treated and allows to optimize flow section and / or pressure losses compared to a low pressure purification.
• the compression step b) makes it possible to bring the flow of feed gas to a pressure such that at least one of the condensable gases can be removed.
• This pressure is between 10 and 50 bar depending on the amount of incondensable and the impurity specification of the CO2 produced.
• the pressure upstream of the compression step is close to atmospheric pressure.
• the compression step b) comprises successive compression phases and where the purification step is placed between two successive compression stages
• said purification will be carried out between 2 and 25 bar abs, preferably between 3 and 9 bar abs still preferably between 3.5 and 6 bar abs.
• the type or types of compressors will be chosen according to the flow rate and the pressures among the types of conventional compressors.
• the exact staging of the pressures, the systematic presence or not of refrigerant after each stage of compression will be optimized according to the type of the machines and the local economic conditions.
• the purification step for removing water from the feed gas stream is located between two compression stages, it is always possible to add additional purification means, preferably downstream of said purification step, for example a means for trapping at least one heavy metal or a compound derived from a heavy metal at the final pressure of compression.
• the third possibility is to place the purification step at the end of the second step b).
• the volume of the purification unit implemented in the purification step will be minimal but the whole of the second compression step b) will be performed with the flow of unpurified gas.
• the choice of the location of the purification step will then be made taking into account the impurities (largely related to the raw material involved in the oxycombustion, ie for example the nature of the coal), the efficiency of the meadow. - treatment, their possible impact on step b) of the process (compression) and the volume of the process to be installed.
• impurities largely related to the raw material involved in the oxycombustion, ie for example the nature of the coal
• the efficiency of the meadow. - treatment their possible impact on step b) of the process (compression) and the volume of the process to be installed.
• the purification step consists of several sub-steps, a sub-step being for example based on an adsorption process.
• the gas to be purified passes through a stack of adsorbent grains, also called fixed bed, which will gradually retain molecules and in doing so, purify the gas.
• adsorbent grains also called fixed bed
• Several types or grades of adsorbents may be used in a mixture or in superposed layers, depending on the impurities to be removed and their proportions, so as to best use the adsorption / desorption properties of each adsorbent. It remains only after regenerating the adsorbent, that is to say to remove the retained molecules so that it can adsorb again.
• all processes that utilize adsorption have an inherently cyclic nature; the two stages of adsorption and regeneration constituting the two main stages of the cycle.
• VSA vacuum Swing Adsorption
• TSA Transmission Adsorption Temperature
• a possible variant of this second solution consists in dividing said adsorber into two parts and regenerating one of the parts according to the TSA mode and regenerating the other part according to the PSA mode.
• the reactor in the regeneration phase may contain a simple falling bed.
• the adsorbent material falls and regenerates on contact with the regeneration gas.
• the advantage of the falling bed lies in the simplicity of the regeneration.
• the residence time for regeneration will be limited by the size of the device. From there, we observe a limited performance for this type of bed.
• the fluidized bed makes it possible to control the residence time for the regeneration and to increase the performance.
• a fraction of the regeneration gas if initially CO2 cleaned, can be recycled into the main flow of CO2. This flow will be recycled at a suitable point given its pressure, its temperature and its content of impurities.
• a fraction rich in impurities can be recycled for example upstream of the pretreatment while a fraction without impurity can be reinjected to the compression stage corresponding to its pressure.
• the regeneration pressure or pressures may be adapted to make the best use of the different possibilities offered by the compression step, for example to carry out the cooling - or a part of the cooling - at a higher pressure than the heating.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
• Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
• Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-07-13 FR FR0756491A patent/FR2918578B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-07-08 US US12/668,536 patent/US8465570B2/en active Active
  • 2008-07-08 EP EP08826329A patent/EP2178620A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-07-08 WO PCT/FR2008/051273 patent/WO2009010690A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-07-08 CA CA 2693054 patent/CA2693054A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-07-08 AU AU2008277535A patent/AU2008277535B2/en active Active
  • 2008-07-08 JP JP2010515571A patent/JP5362716B2/ja active Active
  • 2008-07-08 CN CN2008800246216A patent/CN101743050B/zh active Active
• 2009
  • 2009-12-03 ZA ZA2009/08605A patent/ZA200908605B/en unknown

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