Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
  • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
  • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
  • B30B15/304—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses by using feed frames or shoes with relative movement with regard to the mould or moulds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
  • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
  • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
  • B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
  • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
  • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
  • B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
  • B28B13/025—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities the feed box being vibrated, e.g. to promote discharging of the material

Definitions

• the invention relates to a filling device for filling molds with pourable molding material.
• a starting material is filled by means of a filling device in a mold of a stone molding machine or a stone press and is brought by means of press dies in a desired shape and compression and the pressed Steinform- ling again is removed from the mold and cured.
• Sand-lime bricks for example, are produced by pressing lime and siliceous sand in a press and then curing the molded articles under steam pressure to form a calcium hydrosilicate bond.
• the starting material which is usually a pourable mixture of several different starting materials, must be filled as homogeneously and with a mass corresponding to the desired bulk density in the given volume of the mold cavity of the mold and possibly pre-compacted before.
• gravity is usually exploited.
• a uniform mass distribution of the filling material in the filling device should be ensured and a demixing in the starting material should be kept as low as possible.
• a filling device for carried by a movable press table and by vertically movable mold Stamp closed mold boxes with molding compound, preferably made of sand and lime known.
• the filling device is arranged above the displaceable press table and has a hopper of a detecting top hopper and a lower hopper, wherein the hopper extends to the press table and opposite the outlet opening of the hopper having a larger inlet opening.
• the hopper is located above the filling box and protrudes into the filling box.
• the molding box moves under the filling box and is thereby filled and then moves under a pressing station.
• the filling box is designed as a vibrating box movable in the horizontal direction with side walls which are exposed obliquely downwards and has at least one vertical intermediate wall which connects walls running in the direction of movement of the vibrating box.
• stirrers in the filling device to improve the filling.
• the invention is based on the object of specifying a new filling device for filling molding tools with pourable molding material (or: starting material).
• the filling device is suitable for filling molds, in particular stone forming machines or stone presses, with a pourable mold material and determines and comprises a) a filling box which can be filled with the molding material or is provided for receiving and / or transporting the molding material, b ) a filling carriage (or: filling slide), on or in which the filling box (3) is flexibly mounted via at least one flexible element, generally at least three flexible elements, c) at least one oscillating drive arranged on or in the filling carriage or is attached and the filling box in an oscillating motion
• Filling cylinder oscillating filling box is a particularly advantageous and variable filling or Be Pavlllogizing implemented in the process, in particular with regard to degree of filling, speed and uniformity of the filling.
• At least one flexible element is elastic or resilient, in particular in each case as a spring element, in particular as a leaf spring, or else as an elastomer element.
• at least one flexible element comprises a rope, in particular wire rope.
• the positioning drive for moving the filling carriage has at least one toothed rack on the filling carriage, preferably two toothed racks on opposite sides of the filling carriage, and at least one associated drive gear, which respectively engages in the toothed rack.
• the toothings of the racks are facing away from each other and / or the tooth heads and intervening tooth grooves of the rack (s) are substantially vertical or in the direction of
• a drive motor for driving the drive gear is preferably provided for each drive gear, and the two drive motors are operated synchronously or synchronously via a control device.
• the filling box has a frame which circumscribes the at least one outlet opening and which can be pressed or pressed under a resilient bias against a surface, in particular on the stone forming machine or the forming tool, for example a tool or press table, in particular itself an elastic material and / or can be acted upon by means of elastic spring elements or by means of resilient hold-down with a bias.
• a friction reducing material in particular a polymer material, preferably PTFE-based, and / or provided with at least one heating device for heating the filling box, which is arranged in particular on or in at least a portion of the box wall of the filling box.
• FIG. 2 shows the filling device according to FIG. 1 in a view from the rear
• FIGS. 1 and 2 shows the filling device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in an interior view from the side and
• FIGS. 1 to 3 shows the filling device according to FIGS. 1 to 3 in a plan view from above
• FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a filling device in a perspective view
• FIG. 6 shows a filling device on a press in a side view
• FIG. 7 shows the filling device according to FIG. 6 in a perspective view
• FIG. 8 shows a detailed view of the filling device according to FIG. 6 in a partially sectioned side view
• the filling device is provided for filling mold cavities of molding tools (or: molds or molding dies) for pressing stone moldings, in particular sand-lime bricks, with pourable molding material or starting material and comprises a filling carriage (or: filling slide, filling box support) 2 and a stuffing box 2 held in the filling box 3rd
• a filling carriage or: filling slide, filling box support
• stuffing box 2 held in the filling box 3rd
• filling material M is filled from above through an upper inlet opening, usually by falling in because of gravity.
• a discharge opening 33 of the filling box 3 arranged at the bottom filling material M is removed from the filling box 3 for filling the mold spaces of the mold or forming die, which are not shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, as a rule by falling out due to gravity (cf. M designated arrows in FIG 1 and FIG 3).
• the filling box 3 has in the embodiment of FIG 1 to FIG 4 a truncated pyramidal shape, wherein it increases in its cross-section downwards.
• the flat walls of the box wall 30 are thus inclined outwardly to the vertical or direction of gravity or issued down.
• the angle of inclination of the box wall 30 to the vertical axis is generally set as a function of the filler material M used and is typically 5 ° to 25 °, in particular 10 °, for the starting material for lime sandstone.
• the pyramidal inclination or inclination of the box wall 30 facilitates the falling out of the molding material M from the filling box 3 by gravity in comparison to vertical walls, whereby the degree of filling in the mold spaces can be increased.
• the inlet opening 32 of the filling box is arranged at the top of the truncated pyramid-shaped filling box 3, enclosed by the upper edge of the box wall 30, and the outlet opening 33 is arranged on the underside of the pyramid-shaped filling box 3 enclosed by the lower edge of the box wall 30.
• the guide elements 31 are designed as a kind of designed walls and baffles and serve to achieve a better mass distribution in the filling box 3 and to avoid changing the mass distribution, for example, a back and forth sloshing during movement of the filling box.
• the guide elements 31 may also be designed differently in their design, in particular the cross section, and / or arranged in order to further improve the mass distribution of the filling material M, for example to avoid a bulk cone.
• the guide elements 31 can be fixedly connected to the box wall 30, for example welded, or also detachably connected, for example with plug-in connections or as a plug-in system. In a releasable connection, a modular system of the guide elements 31 can be realized with different shapes and arrangements.
• the filling box 3 and its box wall 30 and the guide elements 31 are preferably made of a metal or a metal alloy, generally of steel, for example a structural steel.
• the box wall 30 is preferably lined or coated with an adhesion-reducing material, for example one
• Plastic such as PTFE or other material with low adhesion or adhesion.
• heating elements may be provided for heating the box wall 30 of the filling box 3, so that the filling material M does not stick or adhere so easily to the box wall 30 of the filling box 3 due to moisture contained therein.
• the heating elements are preferably arranged on or in the box wall 30 of the filling box 3.
• prefabricated heating plates can be attached from the outside to the box wall 30 or also heating wires can be integrated in the box wall 30.
• the heating elements are preferably electrical resistance heating elements, but may also be radiant heaters.
• the filling box 3 is now suspended or fixed resiliently or elastically to the filling carriage 3 according to FIG 1 to 4.
• a first spring element 5 and at one of them angled rear side of the box wall 30 of the filling box 3 two further spring elements 6 and 7 are provided, which at a lower end via a fastening element on the box wall 30th are attached.
• the spring element 5 on a transverse strut 25 and the spring elements 6 and 7 are fixed to a rear cross member 24 of the filling carriage 2.
• the spring elements 5 to 7 are preferably leaf springs, in particular made of spring steel or elastic steel, and in the undeformed state they can be flat or flat or also with a pre-bend and have a rectangular elongate shape.
• leaf springs and other elastic return elements or spring elements for resilient or elastic suspension of the filling box 3 may be provided in the filling 2, for example, rubber buffer or generally elastic intermediate elements made of elastomeric material or coil springs or the like.
• the side walls 22 and 23 and the transverse struts 24 to 26 of the filling carriage 2 are preferably made of one of a metal or a metal alloy, generally of steel such as e.g. a structural steel.
• the individual parts of the filling carriage 2 can in particular be screwed or even welded.
• the filling box 3 which is suspended elastically on the loading carriage 2, is now connected via an oscillating drive (or vibrating drive) during the filling of the forming unit. witness with the molding material M from the filling box 3 with an oscillating or vibrating back and forth movable.
• S The oscillating direction, along which the filling box 3 is moved in the oscillating movement back and forth, is denoted by S.
• the filling box 3 moves relative to the charging carriage 2 and oscillates under respective deformation of the spring elements 5, 6 and 7 back and forth.
• a more uniform emergence and a better mass distribution of the molding material M is achieved from the filling box 3 in the molds.
• the oscillating drive comprises an oscillating drive motor 60 which is held or fixed to the charging carriage 2, in particular to lower transverse struts and / or to the side walls 22 and 23 of the filling carriage 2.
• the oscillating drive motor 60 drives a gear 61 rotatable about an axis A via a gear 68 ,
• Rotary connected to the gear 61 are two eccentric elements 62 and 63 on both sides, whose eccentric axes B rotate about the axis A of the gear 61 eccentrically in the specified direction of rotation D.
• the eccentric 62 and 63 drive in this rotational movement via a respective pivotally mounted drive rod 64 and 65 and a connecting element 66 and 67, which is pivotally mounted on the box wall 30 of the filling box 3, the filling box 3 in an oscillating largely linear oscillating motion in the Oscillating S on.
• the deflection or oscillation amplitude of the resulting oscillating movement of the filling box 3 in the linear direction depends on the radius R at which the eccentric axis B of the eccentric elements 62 and 63 rotates about the central axis A of the gear 61.
• the larger the radius R the greater the linear deflection of the oscillating movement of the flask 3.
• the eccentric 62 and 63 on an unspecified carrier disk or carrier shaft which rotates with the gear 61 about the axis A in different radii R be, for example by means of a screwed in a radial slot of the carrier disk in different radii fastening screw.
• the drive of the eccentric elements 62 and 63 can also take place via a directly driven common shaft, in which case a so-called push-through transmission can be used.
• the oscillating frequency of the oscillating movement of the filling box 3 can be adjusted.
• This oscillating frequency is typically in a range between 0.1 Hz to 5 Hz, preferably 0.1 Hz to 2 Hz, and can be made changeable via a variable in its speed electric motor as Oszillierantriebsmotor 60.
• the oscillation amplitude can typically be between 2 mm and 150 mm, in particular between 2 mm and 50 mm.
• the guide elements 31 in the filling box 3 extend in their longitudinal direction, preferably perpendicular to the oscillating direction S, but may also be directed differently, in particular parallel to the oscillating direction S.
• the entire charging car 2 can now also be moved back and forth together with the filling box 3 in a transport direction or travel direction V.
• left and right of the filling carriage 2 axially arranged in the direction of travel V racks on the outer sides of the side walls 22 and 23 and secured, namely a rack 20 on the side wall 22 and a rack 21 on the side wall 23 of the filling carriage. 2
• each rack engages around a vertical axis rotatable gear of a transport or traversing drive.
• a first gear 40 which is drivable by a first drive motor 50 via a gear, engages in the first rack 20 and a second gear 41, which is driven by a drive motor 51 via a gear, engages in the second rack 21 a ,
• rotating gears 40 and 41 may set in the gears only a little filling material, as this falls through down.
• the two drive motors 50 and 51 together with the drive elements, in particular the gears 40 and 41, are each attached or mounted on a press frame of a stone press or a separate holding device.
• the two drive motors 50 and 51 are electronically synchronized or synchronized coupled or controlled and thus both simultaneously move the stuffing carriage 2 in the direction of travel V forward or backward to the filling box 3 fixed therein for unloading to the molds or to load with new filling material to bring.
• the filling carriage 2 moves in the movement with corresponding rails on in Figures 1 to 4 rollers, not shown, which are arranged for example on a press frame.
• spur gear in particular spur gear, and eccentric or rack gear
• other types of transmission or transmission mechanisms such as worm gear or screw or spindle gear, friction gear or traction mechanism or coupling gear that allow the oscillating movement or movement.
• hydraulic or pneumatic drives are possible instead of electric drives.
• the oscillating direction S and the direction of travel V are directed in the same direction, it may sometimes happen that the oscillating drive results in a certain adjustment in the direction of travel V of the entire filling carriage 2. Therefore, it may be advantageous to provide a locking device or clamping device for the filling carriage 2, the Hold or lock the loading carriage 2 in a fixed travel position brought by the drives with the drive motors 50 and 51.
• Suitable locking possibilities are without limitation of the generality:
• a positive connection for locking for example, a bolt which enters the filling carriage 2, for example in its side wall 22 and / or 23 and / or in its toothing or
• FIGS. 5 to 8 show a further exemplary embodiment of the filling device in a device for producing shaped bodies, in particular bricks such as calcareous sandstones, the stone press of which is indicated in FIGS.
• ropes 15 are attached via cable supports 16 to the cross braces 24 and 25 and cable supports 17 on the box wall of the filling box 3.
• four cable suspensions or ropes 15 are provided so that the filling box 3 in these four cable suspensions flexible, but not necessarily elastic as in FIG 1 to 4, suspended.
• This flexible suspension has over spring elements as in Figures 1 to 4, the advantage of a generally greater robustness and a greater mobility, for example, in a direction parallel to the cross braces 24 and 25, in the oscillating movement.
• the ropes 15 are, in particular, wire braided or assembled from a plurality of individual wires, but need not be particularly strong, since they do not bear any significant forces.
• FIGS. 6 and 7 show a stone press with the filling device therein according to the invention.
• the filling box 3 is partially visible in FIG. 6 in the opening, which is surrounded by a dashed circle.
• the detail view with the dashed circle is enlarged in FIG.
• the press frame is designated 70 and has on one side a Greetrich- ter 71, the lower opening with a closure 72, in particular a flap is closed.
• the filling box is moved over the filling carriage 2, which is of similar design as in FIGS. 1 to 4 under the filling funnel 71.
• the closure 72 By opening the closure 72, the molding compound present in the filling funnel 71 will fall down into the filling box 3 and fill it.
• the filling box 3 is moved to a position in which the molding tools 74 are filled, as indicated in FIGS. 6 and 8.
• the molding material falls down from the interior 35 of the filling box 3 into the molding tools 74.
• the filling box 3 slides with a frame 8 surrounding the outlet opening 33 on the surface of the tool table 75.
• the frame 8 on the one hand serves to seal the outlet opening 33 and also wipes filler material on the tool table during the movement ,
• the frame 8 is preferably made of a sheet metal, in particular a steel sheet, but may also consist of a solid elastomer.
• the frame 8 is now pressed or held down against the tool table 75 or its surface by hold-down 18, which press at several points from the top of the frame 8, or for better sealing.
• the hold-downs 18 comprise setscrews 18A which are adjustable in threads on the box wall 30 upwards and downwards, and spring elements 18B, via which with the adjusting screws 18A a different bias or spring tension on the frame 8 can be exercised.
• FIG. 8 a cable holder 17 for the cable 15 on the box wall 30 is shown once again in detail.
• the process or movement of the filling carriage 2 in the direction of travel V is guided via guide rails 28 on the outside of the filling carriage 2 on the side walls 22 and 23, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 6 and 7, and via corresponding rollers or guide rollers 73, in which the guide rails 28 extend and which are held stationary on support rails 72 on the press frame 70 or on a separate attachment to the floor.
• the guide rails 28 may be formed prismatic or wedge-shaped for better engagement and for better centering in the guide rollers 73 down. Conversely, but also on the stuffing car 2
• Casters are mounted, which run in stationary rails on the press frame.
• An advantageous mode of operation of the filling device in particular according to FIGS. 1 to 8, can be described as follows:
• the loading carriage 2 with the flexible filling box 3 suspended therein is moved in the direction of travel V by means of the traveling drives with the drive motors 50 and 51 to a filling position outside the press or block forming machine or the tool area and is filled in the filling position by a filling funnel, in particular the filling funnel 71 , filled from a mold material supply or silo.
• a flap or shutter is opened at the outlet opening of the hopper and then closed again, e.g. the shutter 72 of the hopper 71.
• the stuffing carriage 2 is driven with the filled hopper 3 in the opposite direction of travel V in the tool room of the press and the molding material M is filled into the mold spaces to be filled mold, especially the molds 74.
• the loading carriage 2 with the filling box 3 can move continuously over a closed surface during the movement, in particular a so-called press table or tool table, in particular the tool table 75, so that the filling material M can not fall out and thus during the movement of the filling carriage 2 the outlet opening 32 of the filling box 3 is closed downwards.
• the frame 8 resting against the continuous surface or the tool table 75 around the outlet opening 33 of the filling box 3 can prevent a lateral escape of filling material M through the intermediate gap between the filling box and the surface.
• excess molding material M on the tool or press table (planar) are deducted.
• the filling carriage with the filling box moves out of the tool room again and in a pressing operation the block moldings are pressed by means of unillustrated press punches which enter the mold cavities of the molds.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
• Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (7)

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• 2007
  • 2007-12-19 RU RU2009145950/02A patent/RU2468913C2/ru active
  • 2007-12-19 CN CN200780053480A patent/CN101715389A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-12-19 EP EP07856925.8A patent/EP2173542B1/de active Active
  • 2007-12-19 WO PCT/EP2007/011202 patent/WO2009003507A1/de active Application Filing
• 2008
  • 2008-04-10 CN CNU2008201069502U patent/CN201300479Y/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime

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