WO2008130043A1 - 熱可塑性樹脂用難燃化剤及び難燃化樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂用難燃化剤及び難燃化樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008130043A1 WO2008130043A1 PCT/JP2008/057645 JP2008057645W WO2008130043A1 WO 2008130043 A1 WO2008130043 A1 WO 2008130043A1 JP 2008057645 W JP2008057645 W JP 2008057645W WO 2008130043 A1 WO2008130043 A1 WO 2008130043A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flame retardant
- weight
- thermoplastic resin
- parts
- dihydrogen phosphate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
- C09K21/04—Inorganic materials containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/21—Urea; Derivatives thereof, e.g. biuret
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/06—Organic materials
- C09K21/12—Organic materials containing phosphorus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin and a thermoplastic resin comprising the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin.
- the present invention relates to a flame retardant resin composition added to fat.
- halogen compounds and phosphorus / nitrogen compounds exhibit a remarkable flame retardant effect and are frequently used as flame retardants for thermoplastic resins.
- the flame retardant is indispensable for recycling of used PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles by pulverizing and washing them and using them as raw materials to form polyester fibers.
- Halogen flame retardants composed of compounds are widely used.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-0 2 6 3 1 8 8 describes ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as one of the options for the phosphorus-based flame retardant component.
- the conventional halogen flame retardant has an excellent flame retardant effect, but the fiber and the like flame-retarded by the halogen flame retardant cause generation of toxic gases and dioxins during combustion. There was a point.
- non-halogen flame retardants such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, for example, are 15 weights relative to recycled PET resin.
- Effective flame retardancy can be obtained by adding more than 0, but there is a problem that the physical properties of the PET resin are reduced by this addition amount, and the physical property deterioration has an adverse effect on the fiberization process of the PET resin.
- thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene terephthalate have poor compatibility with mixed foreign substances, and molecular chains are broken by hydrolysis and thermal decomposition, resulting in a decrease in molecular weight. It has the property that it cannot be used.
- the present inventors can maintain the stickiness that is a physical property of a thermoplastic resin even when using dihydrogen ammonium phosphate as a non-halogen flame retardant, and can easily be fiberized.
- the technical problem is to provide a flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin that can also provide a flame retardant effect, and to provide a flame retardant resin composition that is kneaded and molded by adding the flame retardant. In the process of repeated prototype experiments, the proportion of the non-dispersible flame retardant increases when the flame retardant is added to the thermoplastic resin and kneaded.
- ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH 4 H 2 PO liberates ammonia at around 170 ° C and the pH value drops from 4.7 to 2.5. It is confirmed that a flame retardant consisting of only PET resin deteriorates and IV value (intrinsic viscosity) decreases, and in order to prevent IV value decrease, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is reacted with potassium hydroxide (KOH).
- KOH potassium hydroxide
- the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin according to claim 1 of the present invention is a mixture of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and lithium hydroxide.
- the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 2 of the present invention is the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 1, wherein 100 parts by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is used. In contrast, 10 to 70 parts by weight of hydroxylated power is contained.
- the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin according to claim 3 of the present invention is a mixture of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide and glycerin.
- the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 4 of the present invention is the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 3, wherein 100 parts by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is used. In contrast, 10 to 70 parts by weight of hydroxylated power and 0.1 to 4.0 parts by weight of glycerin are blended.
- the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 5 of the present invention is the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 3, wherein 100 parts by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is used. In contrast, 10 to 70 parts by weight of hydroxylated power and glycerol to 5.0 to 10.0 parts by weight are blended.
- the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin according to claim 6 of the present invention is a dihydrate phosphate. Elementary ammonium, hydroxylated power and urea are blended. Further, the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 7 of the present invention is the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin according to claim 6, wherein 100 parts by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is used. In contrast, 10 to 70 parts by weight of hydroxylated power and 1 to 9 parts by weight of urea are blended.
- the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin according to claim 8 of the present invention is a mixture of dihydrogen phosphate ammonium, power hydroxide hydroxide, glycerin and urea.
- the flame retardant resin composition according to claim 9 of the present invention is the total amount of the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Is added to the thermoplastic resin so as to be 4 to 16% by weight.
- the flame retardant resin composition according to claim 10 of the present invention is the flame retardant resin composition according to claim 9, wherein the thermoplastic resin is polyethylene terephthalate. is there.
- ammonia is scattered by adding at least hydroxylated hydrogen to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, so that a flame retardant that does not deteriorate the physical properties of the thermoplastic resin even when used for the thermoplastic resin.
- a flame retardant made by adding ammonium hydroxide to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate was added to the thermoplastic resin, so that it satisfies the IV value that can form fibers, and has a flame retardant effect.
- a flame retardant resin composition that can be easily made into a fiber can be obtained.
- NH 4 H 2 P_ ⁇ 4 reacts by increasing the amount of KOH which is added NH 4 KHP 0 4, ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 4, the kappa 3 Ro_ ⁇ 4
- the mixture of these chemical species constitutes the main component of the flame retardant, and the metathesis proceeds in parallel to form trace amounts.
- the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin according to the present embodiment is obtained by blending at least potassium hydroxide (KOH) with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (N H4H2PO4).
- the flame retardant is added to the thermoplastic resin, heated at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin (for example, 254 ° C or higher for PET resin), kneaded, and molded into a pellet shape.
- a flame retardant resin composition is obtained.
- the amount of potassium hydroxide added may be 10 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of ammonium hydrogen phosphate.
- the amount is preferably 10 to 70 parts by weight. Furthermore, if it is 50-70 weight part, the optimal effect of a meltability and a dispersibility will be acquired.
- the flame retardant acts effectively on a chain polymer having an ester bond or an amide bond in the main chain, and a polylactic acid resin (PLA) thermoplastic resin in which lactic acid is polymerized by the ester bond. Also works effectively against.
- PLA polylactic acid resin
- the IV value capable of forming fibers is generally 0.66, 0.67 or more, and the quality standard of recycled PET flakes is IV value 0.65 to 0.75.
- the amount of the flame retardant added to the thermoplastic resin is preferably such that the IV value is 0.66 to 0.75. If the added amount increases, physical property deterioration is induced, so it is necessary to suppress it. That is, it is preferable to add the flame retardant to the thermoplastic resin so that the IV value satisfies 0.66 to 0.75, the addition amount is small, and 4 to 16% by weight based on the total amount.
- the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin is composed of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and glycerin (C 3 H 5 (OH) 3 ) against ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH 4 H 2 P 0 4 ). ) And.
- the flame retardant resin composition is obtained by adding the flame retardant to the thermoplastic resin, kneading at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin, and forming into a pellet shape.
- a high IV value can be obtained in kneading with a thermoplastic resin, and at the same time compatibility and dispersibility are improved.
- Phosphoric acid is a variety of When heated with rucol, an ester is formed as ROH + HX 2 P 0 4 ⁇ (RO) X 2 P 0 4 + H 2 0 (where X is H, a cation, or an organic residue).
- phosphate esters are formed by adding C 3 H 5 (OH) 3, and phosphoric acid derivatives such as phosphate esters are dehydrated at high temperatures to give high molecular weight condensates
- glycerin ester of phosphoric acid has high solubility in organic substances and therefore helps to dissolve and disperse the phosphorus compound in the polymer.
- phosphoric acid esters and glycerin themselves are inferior in flame retardancy, it is preferable to add an appropriate amount, and it is more preferable to add 0 to 4.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Is 0.1 to 4.0 parts by weight.
- the added amount of potassium hydroxide may be 10 to 70 parts by weight.
- the flame retardant may be added to the thermoplastic resin so as to be 4 to 16% by weight based on the total amount.
- the flame retardant for thermoplastic resin according to the present embodiment is obtained by adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (N H4H2P 0 to potassium hydroxide (KOH) and urea (CO (NH 2 ) 2 ). Is.
- the flame retardant is added to the thermoplastic resin, kneaded at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin, and molded into a pellet shape to obtain a flame retardant resin composition.
- CO (NH 2 ) 2 is not only expected to maintain a constant ammonium salt concentration as a source of ammonia, but also produces nitrogen-containing condensates through complex reactions at high temperatures, which are flame retardant. It is estimated that it contributes to solubility. However, since addition exceeding an appropriate amount cannot be expected, it is preferable to add 0 to 9 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, preferably 1 to 7.5 or 9 parts by weight, and more preferably 1 part. ⁇ 2 parts by weight. The added amount of potassium hydroxide may be 10 to 70 parts by weight.
- the flame retardant may be added to the thermoplastic resin so as to be 4 to 16% by weight based on the total amount.
- the flame retardant for a thermoplastic resin includes potassium hydroxide (KOH), glycerin (C 3 H 5 (OH) 3 ), and urea with respect to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (N H4H2 PO 4). (C ⁇ (NH 2 ) 2 ) is added.
- ammonium hydroxide hydrogen, glycerin, and urea to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and add water to make an aqueous solution. Thereafter, the aqueous solution is stirred while being heated (100 to 120 ° C.) to evaporate water, and ammonia is scattered to obtain a powder of particulate crystals, which is used as a flame retardant.
- the flame retardant is added to the thermoplastic resin, kneaded at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin, and molded into a pellet shape to obtain a flame retardant resin composition.
- the addition amount of potassium hydroxide is 10 to 70 parts by weight
- the addition amount of glycerin is 0.1 to 4.0 parts by weight
- the addition amount of urea is 1 to 9
- the flame retardant may be added to the thermoplastic resin so as to be 4 to 16% by weight based on the total amount. Examples 1-19:
- Ammonium phosphate, potassium hydroxide, glycerin and urea were blended in the proportions shown in Tables 1 and 2, and 100 parts by weight of water was added to make an aqueous solution. Thereafter, the aqueous solution was stirred while heating at 100 to 120 ° C. to evaporate the water, and the ammonia was scattered to obtain a powder of particulate crystals, which was used as each flame retardant.
- N H 4 H 2 P O 4 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
- the “flame retardant evaluation” is a temperature at which the PET flakes melt in addition to the PET flakes so that the weight% of the flame retardants is indicated by the “addition amount of flame retardants” with respect to the total amount.
- molten state indicates the melted state of the flame retardant PET resin during kneading
- ⁇ in “stringing after kneading” has no unevenness and does not break and is drawn into an elastic thread. “ ⁇ ” indicates that there is no unevenness, and it can be drawn like a thread without breaking. “ ⁇ ” indicates that it melts but slightly uneven and cannot be drawn into a uniform thread. Show.
- Example 12 The flame retardant of Example 12 was used to test the effectiveness against polylactic acid resin (PLA: model: UzS-32: manufactured by Toyota Motor Corporation).
- the flame retardant of Example 12 was sufficiently effective for the polylactic acid resin, and had excellent flame retardancy with self-extinguishing properties when added in an amount of 7 to 8% by weight. It was confirmed that it was granted.
- the added amount is 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10% by weight, and the mixture is stirred and mixed in a mixer. Yarns were formed and cut with a twin-screw extruder at a high temperature of 225 ° C or higher, which is the melting point of each, and pelletized flame retardant resin compositions were obtained.
- the pH value in a 5% aqueous solution of this flame retardant was 6.2.
- flame retardant evaluation of each flame retardant resin composition is evaluated in a flame retardant resin composition having an addition amount of 5 to 7% by weight, and in a flame retardant resin composition having an addition amount of 8 and 10% by weight. The evaluation was “ ⁇ ”.
- Flame retardants 5 weight Example 12 in PET flake 89% by weight was ground and washing a used PET bottles 0/0 and PA: the antioxidant PA flakes 5% obtained by pulverizing (Toray 6-nylon model number CM-1021) Agent (Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd .: Product name: IRGANOX B-561) After adding 1% by weight and stirring and mixing with a mixer, at high temperature (260-280 ° C) above the melting point of PET The yarn was molded and cut with a twin screw extruder to obtain a pellet-like flame retardant resin composition. The flame retardant resin composition could be easily fiberized and at the same time non-flammable.
- Example 23 After adding 7% by weight of the flame retardant of Example 13 and 5% of the PA flakes to 88% by weight of the PET flakes and stirring and mixing with a mixer, the mixture was heated at a temperature higher than the melting point of PET (260-280 ° In C), the yarn is formed and cut with a twin-screw extruder, and a pellet-like flame-retardant resin composition (Example 23).
- Example 24 92.8% by weight of the PET flakes and 7% by weight of the flame retardant of Example 13 and an antioxidant (manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Product name: ADK STAB A0-60) 0.2% by weight
- the yarn was molded and cut with a twin-screw extruder at a temperature higher than the melting point of PET (at 260 to 280) to obtain a pellet-like flame-retardant resin composition (Example 24).
- Each of the flame retardant resin compositions (Examples 22 to 24) can be easily made into fibers and has a self-extinguishing flame retardant effect, and is particularly suitable for automotive applications.
- Example 25
- the “pH” value of the 5% aqueous solution in the powder was 4.7, and the “post-combustion pH” value in the 5% aqueous solution after burning at 200 ° C. was 2.5.
- the IV value of PET resin to which 5% by weight of the powder was added with the amount of flame retardant added was 0.629, and the IV value capable of forming PET fibers could not be obtained with the added amount.
- the “pH” value of the 5% aqueous solution in the powder was 5.2, and the “post-combustion pH” value in the 5% aqueous solution after burning at 200 ° C. was 2.9.
- the IV value of the PET resin to which 5% by weight of the flame retardant was added was 0.637, and the IV value capable of forming PET fibers could not be obtained with the added amount.
- thermoplastic resin flame retardant that can be easily fiberized while maintaining the viscosity, which is a physical property of the thermoplastic resin, and at the same time, excellent in flame retardancy.
- the problem of generating toxic gases and dioxins inherent in halogenated flame retardants can be solved, contributing to environmental conservation.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/450,903 US20100204377A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-04-14 | Flame retardant agent for thermoplastic resin and flame retardant resin composition |
KR1020097021411A KR101188151B1 (ko) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-04-14 | 열가소성 수지용 난연화제 및 난연화 수지 조성물 |
EP08740691.4A EP2151473A4 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-04-14 | FLAME RETARDANT AGENT FOR THERMOPLASTIC RESIN, FLAME RETARDANT THERMOPLASTIC RESIN |
CN200880012268XA CN101688018B (zh) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-04-14 | 热塑性树脂用阻燃剂以及阻燃性树脂组合物 |
US13/348,775 US8461239B2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2012-01-12 | Flame retardant agent for thermoplastic resin and flame retardant resin composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007109329A JP5051522B2 (ja) | 2007-04-18 | 2007-04-18 | 熱可塑性樹脂用難燃化剤及び難燃化樹脂組成物 |
JP2007-109329 | 2007-04-18 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/450,903 A-371-Of-International US20100204377A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-04-14 | Flame retardant agent for thermoplastic resin and flame retardant resin composition |
US13/348,775 Division US8461239B2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2012-01-12 | Flame retardant agent for thermoplastic resin and flame retardant resin composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008130043A1 true WO2008130043A1 (ja) | 2008-10-30 |
Family
ID=39875564
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2008/057645 WO2008130043A1 (ja) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-04-14 | 熱可塑性樹脂用難燃化剤及び難燃化樹脂組成物 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20100204377A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2151473A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5051522B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101188151B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101688018B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008130043A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011032376A (ja) * | 2009-08-01 | 2011-02-17 | Kyoei Sangyo Kk | 難燃化ポリエステル樹脂およびその製造方法 |
CN108424604A (zh) * | 2018-04-29 | 2018-08-21 | 徐菡 | 一种抗菌阻燃hips复合材料及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8604105B2 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2013-12-10 | Eastman Chemical Company | Flame retardant copolyester compositions |
JP2012162687A (ja) * | 2011-02-09 | 2012-08-30 | Seiwa Electric Mfg Co Ltd | 熱可塑性樹脂混錬用難燃化剤及び難燃化樹脂組成物並びに該難燃化樹脂組成物の製造方法 |
JP2013006986A (ja) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-01-10 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | 難燃性ポリエステル樹脂組成物 |
KR101462309B1 (ko) * | 2012-03-21 | 2014-11-14 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 아미노기 함유 인산에스테르 난연제 및 그 제조방법 |
EP2666626B1 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2014-12-31 | Sekisui Alveo AG | Flame-retardant polyolefin foam and its production |
CN103146208A (zh) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-12 | 武汉理工大学 | 一种膨胀蛭石/氢氧化铝协同阻燃沥青及其制备方法 |
WO2015088170A1 (ko) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-18 | (주) 엘지화학 | 폴리올레핀 난연수지 조성물 및 성형품 |
KR102010012B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-26 | 2019-08-12 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 소화 장치가 포함된 배터리 팩 및 이를 이용한 제어 방법 |
US20240257079A1 (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-08-01 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | System and methods for using machine learning to make intelligent recycling decisions |
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2007
- 2007-04-18 JP JP2007109329A patent/JP5051522B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-04-14 KR KR1020097021411A patent/KR101188151B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-04-14 US US12/450,903 patent/US20100204377A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-04-14 EP EP08740691.4A patent/EP2151473A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-04-14 CN CN200880012268XA patent/CN101688018B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-04-14 WO PCT/JP2008/057645 patent/WO2008130043A1/ja active Application Filing
-
2012
- 2012-01-12 US US13/348,775 patent/US8461239B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2005264052A (ja) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-29 | Aica Kogyo Co Ltd | 難燃化用組成物、難燃化用シート、および難燃性化粧板 |
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JP2011032376A (ja) * | 2009-08-01 | 2011-02-17 | Kyoei Sangyo Kk | 難燃化ポリエステル樹脂およびその製造方法 |
CN108424604A (zh) * | 2018-04-29 | 2018-08-21 | 徐菡 | 一种抗菌阻燃hips复合材料及其制备方法 |
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KR20100015560A (ko) | 2010-02-12 |
US20120108716A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
KR101188151B1 (ko) | 2012-10-05 |
EP2151473A4 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
US20100204377A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
JP2010159308A (ja) | 2010-07-22 |
JP5051522B2 (ja) | 2012-10-17 |
US8461239B2 (en) | 2013-06-11 |
CN101688018B (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
CN101688018A (zh) | 2010-03-31 |
EP2151473A1 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
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