WO2008129008A2 - Procédé et dispositif de calibrage d'injecteurs de carburant - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de calibrage d'injecteurs de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008129008A2
WO2008129008A2 PCT/EP2008/054758 EP2008054758W WO2008129008A2 WO 2008129008 A2 WO2008129008 A2 WO 2008129008A2 EP 2008054758 W EP2008054758 W EP 2008054758W WO 2008129008 A2 WO2008129008 A2 WO 2008129008A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
characteristic
signal
flow
fuel
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/054758
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008129008A3 (fr
Inventor
Johann GÖRZEN
Jürgen FRITSCH
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority to US12/597,001 priority Critical patent/US8827175B2/en
Priority to CN200880012999.4A priority patent/CN101663478B/zh
Publication of WO2008129008A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008129008A2/fr
Publication of WO2008129008A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008129008A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2432—Methods of calibration
    • F02D41/2435—Methods of calibration characterised by the writing medium, e.g. bar code
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
    • F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for calibrating fuel injectors for internal combustion engines, wherein in each injector at least one actuator element operable by means of an electrical signal interacts with at least one injection valve with an injection rate for supplying fuel via injection holes into a combustion chamber, according to the preambles of claims 1 and 13.
  • the correction data at the end of production of each fuel injector which differ from injector to injector due to certain manufacturing tolerances and carry out fuel deliveries, are determined and read into the data carrier.
  • the data carrier can be designed as a barcode or as a read-only memory element.
  • these data are then read into a writable memory of the control unit and used in later operation for controlling the internal combustion engine.
  • Modern control devices include various functions that also determine correction values that are attributable to an injector. Such a function is referred to, for example, as zero-quantity calibration. These data are stored in the control unit and used to control the internal combustion engine.
  • the individual injection quantity of a fuel injector is detected at several test points within a test bench. In this case, the deviation of the respective injection quantity from the desired value is determined.
  • These data are conveniently placed on the injector during injector production.
  • the data is transmitted to the control unit via suitable systems, for example via a diagnostic interface.
  • there are methods for storing this data, which enable replacement of this control unit in the event of a defect. are known from EP 1 400 674 B1, according to which the classification of data on a storage device which is directly on the
  • Fuel injector is arranged to be stored.
  • the available data are used for zero quantity calibration and / or quantity correction.
  • Manipulated variable factors change a previously calculated manipulated variable for controlling the solenoid valve. Subsequently, this changed manipulated variable controls the solenoid valve.
  • the determined factors are selected as a function of previously detected variables in such a way that initially a selectable operating variable of the internal combustion engine is set, then a determination of a manipulated variable, calculated from the marking arranged on a shaft of the internal combustion engine, determines an actual manipulated variable separately for this magnetic valve becomes, from which results the factor from the calculated manipulated variable and the determined manipulated variable.
  • a storage of the determined factor and a change of the selectable operating variables are also carried out before these steps are repeated until the production of an optimized functional condition corresponding to many times.
  • An essential point of the invention is that in a method for calibrating fuel injectors for internal combustion engines, in each injector at least one actuatable by means of an electrical actuator Aktorenele- ment with at least one injection valve with an injection rate for supplying fuel into a combustion chamber via Injection holes interact, have a signal characteristic of the electrical signal applied to the actuator element is changed in a signal timing diagram by means of a control device with respect to a desired characteristic in a flow characteristic diagram deviating from a nominal characteristic flow characteristic of the fuel flowing through the injection holes in a fürflußzeitdiagramm.
  • the electrical signal is preferably electrical voltage values.
  • the injection valve can interact directly with the piezoelectric element. Consequently, the signal characteristic represents a voltage characteristic, the signal time diagram a voltage time diagram, the signal increase a voltage increase, the signal reduction a voltage reduction and the signal value a voltage value. The voltage is used to deflect the piezo element accordingly.
  • various types of fuel delivery deviations may be corrected, such as an error in the flow within the injector, a dead time error present within the injector due to the existing time delay between the actuation of the control valve and the injector, or an idle stroke error correction, for example can occur when the piezocrystal first has to travel a certain Leerhubin before he gets in contact with the control valve.
  • direct piezo control ie control of the fuel injector by means of a piezoelectric element acting directly on the injection valve
  • indirect piezo control ie control of the fuel injector by means of a piezoelectric element acting on a control valve which controls the injection valve
  • a magnetically acting element is used for the deflection of the injection valve and / or the control valve.
  • the spray profile of the fuel emerging from the injection nozzles itself discrete characteristic values from the time range of the injection characteristic or discrete characteristic values from the frequency range of the injection characteristic can be used.
  • corresponding corrections for example at the start of actuation (TB), the charging energy (E) and the actuation period (TA) or injection duration (TE), can be carried out at the voltage applied to the piezoelectric element and thus a correction of the errors at least in a range of variation that allows tuning of the fuel injectors to one another.
  • idle stroke deviations and deviations in the flow characteristic over the control duration or the injection duration are compensated for, whereas dynamic deviations in the operated fuel injector are compensated for via an energy control.
  • the correction data obtained therefrom can be fed back directly into the production process of the subsequent fuel injectors for a quality assurance.
  • the at least partially simultaneously applied voltage can be varied prematurely or belatedly, for example lowered. This allows a shortened or prolonged drive time due to a shorter or longer displacement or deflection of the piezoelectric crystal.
  • the opening voltage value required for the opening of the injection valve is increased, so as to achieve an opening of the injection valve at a higher voltage of the voltage rising in this case as a correction faster.
  • the actual quantity of fuel flowing through the injection holes is measured in a test stand device in a time-dependent manner.
  • the values transformed in the frequency domain can be used.
  • the caused change values of the voltage characteristic are stored as correction values in a data carrier connected to the injector.
  • An apparatus for calibrating fuel injectors for internal combustion engines in which each fuel injector has the piezoelectric element, the control valve and the injection valve, advantageously additionally has a control device which, when the flow characteristic of the fuel flowing through the injection holes is different from the desired characteristic curve, in the flow time diagram Change of the voltage characteristic of the voltage applied to the piezo element in controls a voltage-time diagram with respect to the setpoint characteristic.
  • Fig. IA is a schematic view of individual elements of a structure for a direct control of an injection valve in a fuel injector
  • Figure 1B is a schematic view of individual elements of a structure for indirect control of an injection valve via a control valve in a fuel injector;
  • FIGS. 2A-D in voltage and flow time diagrams are graphs when a flow error occurs and its correction
  • FIGS. 3A-D in voltage and flow time diagrams are characteristic curves when a dead time error occurs.
  • Fig. IA are shown in a schematic representation of individual elements of a structure for direct control in a fuel injector.
  • An injector consisting of an actuator 1 (here piezoelectric element) and a needle acting as a valve 3, is connected to a rail 7.
  • ECU control unit 6
  • the injection valve 3 performs up and down movements acting on an injection nozzle 4 through.
  • the injection nozzle comprises by way of example a stile-shaped element in the form of an injection needle, which can close or open an opening by upward and downward movements. If there is a disclosed opening, a fuel surrounding the needle flows into the opening and is injected into a combustion chamber 5 via injection holes.
  • Fig. IB the structure is represented by means of individual elements for indirect control of the injection valve via a control valve 2 in a fuel injector in a schematic representation.
  • the actuator (piezo or magnet) 1 which is actuated by means of the control unit 6, now acts on the control valve 2, which has a return line via a line 2a.
  • the actuator 1 must overcome an idle stroke before it touches the control valve 2.
  • the control valve 2 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 8a with return spring, which is connected in parallel to a throttle 8c, via a throttle 8b.
  • the control valve 2 is connected to the rail 7 via the two elements 8a and 8c.
  • FIGS. 2A-E illustrate a flow error by means of voltage-time diagrams and flow-time diagrams and their correction.
  • the normally applied voltage according to the voltage characteristic 10 is represented by the rising section or positive edge 10a, the maximum value 10b and the falling section or negative edge 10c.
  • the interval between the voltage characteristic sections 10a and 10c is the time within which injection takes place via the injection holes. This is referred to as injection duration, which in this case is identical to the activation duration (TA) when the hydraulic delay (not shown here) is equal to zero.
  • FIG. 2B shows in a flow time diagram the desired flow characteristic 11 in accordance with a predetermined desired characteristic and the measured real flow characteristic 12.
  • the desired characteristic curve 11 there is again an ascending characteristic curve section IIa, a characteristic curve section IIb with the maximum value and a descending characteristic curve section 11.
  • the curve is shown in dashed form which is used to produce a corrected flow rate value.
  • a compensation curve 14a and 14b causing the compensation of the increased flow is designed such that a premature lowering of the voltage, resulting from the sections 13a and 13b, takes place, so that a shortened Control duration (TA) according to the reference numeral 15 is obtained with respect to a previous injection period 16.
  • TA shortened Control duration
  • the flow characteristic 18 provided for compensation which results from the changed voltage characteristic curve 14a, 14b, has the sections 18a, 18b and 18c and 18d with respect to the desired characteristic curve 17 with the sections 17a, 17b and 17c. Both characteristic curves 17 and 18 have the same flow integral.
  • the premature lowering of the voltage characteristic according to the sections 14a and 14b thus advantageously compensates for the flow error of too high a flow amount according to the section 12b, in that a premature flow reduction takes place in the section 18c.
  • FIGS. 3A-D A dead time error and its correction are shown in FIGS. 3A-D.
  • the voltage characteristic 21 has a rising portion 21a, a maximum value 21b and a decreasing portion 21c.
  • the delayed start of the voltage increase according to the section 21a is shown.
  • the desired flow characteristic curve 22 includes the sections 22a, 22b and 22c and the initial section 22d.
  • a dead time error occurs, a delay in the beginning of the flow according to the dashed flow characteristic 23 with the rising sections 23a, the maximum value 23b and the descending section 23c is functionally effected. This is determined by the distance 24 in the abscissa with respect to the delayed rise and by the reference numeral 25 for the time lag of the delayed end of the flow reproduced (shift to late).
  • the corrected voltage characteristic 27 is compared with the desired characteristic 26 reproduced to bring about a compensation of the dead time error.
  • the correction-inducing stress characteristic 27 with the rising sections 27a, the maximum value 27b and the descending sections 27c has a frontward offset relative to the nominal characteristic 26 with the sections 26a, 26b, 26c and 26d, which are indicated by the reference numerals 28 and 29 is reproduced in the abscissa.
  • the distances 28 and 29 correspond to the time intervals 24 and 25 with the exception that they are offset from one another with respect to the voltage setpoint characteristic in advance (shift to early).
  • Fig. 3D the flow characteristic curve 30 obtained by the correction is shown with the sections 30a, 30b and 30c representing the corrected flow rate of a readjusted fuel injector in consideration of the above dead time error.
  • a voltage characteristic 31 as shown in FIG. 4A, has the sections 31a, 31b and 31c with a predeterminable opening voltage at the voltage values 32 and 33. There is a delayed voltage rise according to section 31d.
  • the flow characteristic 34 on which the voltage characteristic shown in FIG. 4A is based is shown unwanted deviation characteristic 35 reproduced.
  • the maximum value 35b corresponds to the maximum value 34b according to the desired characteristic. This results in a shortened actuation time (TA) 38 in accordance with the previously valid time duration 39.
  • the voltage characteristic 42 has a steeper slope 42a with a higher maximum value 42b and a steeper descent 42c than the desired characteristic 41 with the sections 41a, 41b and 41c and 41d.
  • the opening voltage values 32, 33 present in the nominal characteristic curve 41 are offset in the deviation characteristic line 42 in accordance with the voltage values 43, 44.
  • the deviation characteristic 42 has a control duration (TA) in accordance with the reference symbol 45.
  • a corrected flow characteristic 46 having the sections 46a, 46b and 46c and 46d is obtained according to FIG. 4D, so that a compensation of the undesired deviating flow values from the characteristic curve 35 is achieved.
  • the characteristic 46 is identical to the characteristic 34.
  • the method according to the invention is a method using injector sizes in direct form, for which a so-called injector scattering, ie variations in the flow characteristics between the various fuel injectors.
  • An adaptation of the method according to the invention is easily possible by coupling with other methods, such as with minimum fuel mass adaptation (MFMA) or cylinder balancing due to the provision of injector sizes in direct form. Almost complete correction of fuel injector characteristics and parameters is possible.
  • MFMA minimum fuel mass adaptation
  • cylinder balancing due to the provision of injector sizes in direct form. Almost complete correction of fuel injector characteristics and parameters is possible.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de calibrage de moteurs à combustion interne. Selon l'invention, dans chaque injecteur de carburant, au moins un élément d'actionnement (1) qui peut être actionné au moyen d'un signal électrique, interagit avec au moins une soupape d'injection (3) ayant un certain débit d'injection pour alimenter une chambre de combustion (5) en carburant par l'intermédiaire d'orifices d'injection. Lorsque la ligne d'écoulement (12, 23, 35) du carburant qui parcourt les orifices d'injection, diverge d'une ligne caractéristique théorique (11, 22, 34) dans un diagramme débit-temps, une ligne caractéristique de signal (14a, 27, 42) du signal électrique appliqué à l'élément d'actionnement (1) dans un diagramme tension-temps, est modifiée par rapport à une ligne caractéristique théorique (13, 26, 41) au moyen d'un dispositif de commande.
PCT/EP2008/054758 2007-04-23 2008-04-18 Procédé et dispositif de calibrage d'injecteurs de carburant WO2008129008A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/597,001 US8827175B2 (en) 2007-04-23 2008-04-18 Method and device for the calibration of fuel injectors
CN200880012999.4A CN101663478B (zh) 2007-04-23 2008-04-18 用于校准燃料喷射器的方法和装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007019099.0A DE102007019099B4 (de) 2007-04-23 2007-04-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kalibrierung von Kraftstoffinjektoren
DE102007019099.0 2007-04-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008129008A2 true WO2008129008A2 (fr) 2008-10-30
WO2008129008A3 WO2008129008A3 (fr) 2008-12-24

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PCT/EP2008/054758 WO2008129008A2 (fr) 2007-04-23 2008-04-18 Procédé et dispositif de calibrage d'injecteurs de carburant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8827175B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101663478B (fr)
DE (1) DE102007019099B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008129008A2 (fr)

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CN101663478B (zh) 2016-08-10
US8827175B2 (en) 2014-09-09
US20100116911A1 (en) 2010-05-13
DE102007019099A1 (de) 2008-10-30
DE102007019099B4 (de) 2016-12-15
WO2008129008A3 (fr) 2008-12-24
CN101663478A (zh) 2010-03-03

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