WO2008124975A1 - Filtre de cigarette en soie et procédé de préparation dudit filtre - Google Patents

Filtre de cigarette en soie et procédé de préparation dudit filtre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008124975A1
WO2008124975A1 PCT/CN2007/002447 CN2007002447W WO2008124975A1 WO 2008124975 A1 WO2008124975 A1 WO 2008124975A1 CN 2007002447 W CN2007002447 W CN 2007002447W WO 2008124975 A1 WO2008124975 A1 WO 2008124975A1
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Prior art keywords
silk
cigarette filter
fiber
solution
minutes
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PCT/CN2007/002447
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French (fr)
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Baozhong Tian
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Suzhou University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters

Definitions

  • the invention discloses a cigarette filter (rod) and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a cigarette filter characterized by natural protein fiber silk as a raw material component and a preparation method thereof.
  • the raw materials for making cigarette filters in the domestic and foreign markets are mainly cellulose diacetate, and synthetic and natural materials such as polypropylene fibers and chitosan.
  • the preparation of cigarette filters with cellulose diacetate has obvious defects in the following aspects: (1) Since the treated cellulose diacetate requires the use of other materials such as binders to have suitable hardness and elasticity, the filtration effect is affected. The effect of blocking the harmful substances in the flue gas generated during the smoking and smoking process of cigarettes is not very satisfactory; (2) The source of cellulose diacetate is limited. At present, domestically, about 250,000 tons of cigarette filter fibers are needed each year. Most of them are cellulose diacetate, which is in short supply.
  • Silk is a natural protein fiber.
  • the silkworm that produces silk has a distant relationship with human populations. Therefore, silk protein is non-toxic, non-irritating and has good biodegradability, so it is a kind of preparation.
  • the silk fiber is relatively soft and should not be directly prepared into a cigarette filter. Therefore, how to impart a certain resistance to deformation of the silk cigarette filter is a major problem to be solved. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a silk cigarette filter capable of effectively blocking harmful components such as tar and nicotine in cigarette smoke, and which is safe to the human body and free from environmental pollution, and a preparation method thereof.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the invention is: a silk cigarette filter, which uses silk fiber as a filter core, silk fibroin and alginate as a shaping type, and a bonding material is coated on the surface of the silk fiber.
  • a method of preparing the silk cigarette filter described above comprising the steps of:
  • the basic principle of the technical scheme of the present invention is: silk fiber is a protein composed of about 70% silk fibroin and 30% silk fibroin, and the proportion of hydrophobic amino acids in the silk fibroin molecular chain is about 70%.
  • the amino acid amino acid is 30%
  • the hydrophobic amino acid in the sericin molecular chain accounts for about 30%
  • the hydrophilic amino acid is 70%. Therefore, the silk fiber has the ability to adsorb lipophilic organic matter and hydrophilic substances. Used as a cigarette filter core material, it can effectively block the harmful components such as tar and nicotine in cigarette smoke.
  • the viscosity of low concentration sodium alginate solution is relatively large, and Ca 2+ ions in the system can make seaweed on the one hand.
  • Sodium sulphate turns into calcium alginate to reduce its solubility and hygroscopicity. On the other hand, it can form a certain complexation and cross-linking between alginic acid and silk fibroin molecular chain, which is beneficial to the adsorption of silk fibroin by silk fiber and in the filter.
  • the inside of the rod (mainly on the surface of the fiber) forms a film with a certain elasticity, which enhances the anti-deformation ability of the silk fiber, and at the same time, alginic acid (salt) has a certain antibacterial effect.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention adopts the human and environmentally friendly silk fiber as the main raw material of the cigarette filter, and uses the silk protein and the alginate solution to shape the silk cigarette filter, so Avoid or reduce the pollution of other chemical fiber materials during the manufacturing and use of the environment.
  • the obtained silk is a fibrous network structure formed by micron-sized microfibers, and has a large specific surface area, which is favorable for adsorbing harmful substances such as tar and nicotine in the cigarette smoke, and has no effect on the taste of the cigarette; and the silk is one A long fiber that avoids the damage caused by short fibers that are easily inhaled into the body (lungs).
  • Silkworm cocoon degumming, bar The silkworm cocoons are placed in a concentration of 0.05% Na 2 C0 3 solution, stirred at 95 ⁇ 2 ⁇ with a powerful mixer for 30 minutes to make the silkworm silk loose. 8 ⁇ , After the stencil of the inner diameter of 0. 8cm, the mold is filled with a diameter of 0. 8cm / cm (the length of the silk / rod length) is filled into the mold with an inner diameter of 0. 8cm In the middle, the length of the inserted silk fiber rod is about 2 cm, or it is made into a long silk fiber rod, and is cut off according to the length requirement after being shaped. It is also possible to directly wind the fibrous mesh filament into a silk fiber rod of a certain diameter and length.
  • the silk fiber rod is first immersed in a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 1% (W/V) for 30 minutes, then taken out, and then dried at 105 °C for 60 minutes; In a solution of 6% CaCl 2 and 3% silk fibroin (W/V), after immersing for 30 minutes at 25 ⁇ 50 °C, take out the drying and place it in a container filled with sufficient water. After steaming at 75 ° C for 60 minutes, the room temperature was taken out to dry, and a silk cigarette filter having silk fiber as a filter element, silk fibroin and alginate as a setting material was obtained.
  • W/V sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 1%
  • W/V silk fibroin
  • the appearance of the filter, the turbidity of the smoke and the infrared spectrum of the silk cigarette filter prepared according to the technical scheme of the present embodiment after sampling the smoking test showed that the front part of the filter adsorbed and retained oily substances and other substances.
  • the substance, the infrared spectrum of the rear part and the control group did not differ, indicating that the adsorbable substance in the cigarette smoke has been basically adsorbed in the front part of the filter, and the turbidity of the smoke from the filter is significantly reduced.
  • the silk cigarette filter according to the present invention can adjust the thickness of the fiber and the surface state of the fiber according to the selection of the raw material of the silkworm cocoon, the degumming method or the degree of degumming, and can control the thickness of the fiber, the packing density of the filter element, and the sodium alginate. , CaCl 2 concentration and treatment time to adjust its hardness and elasticity and moisture absorption capacity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Description

蚕 丝 香 烟 滤 嘴 及 其 制 备 方 法 技术领域
本发明公开了一种香烟滤嘴 (棒) 及其制备方法, 特别涉及一种以天 然蛋白质纤维蚕丝为原料成分特征的香烟滤嘴及其制备方法。 背景技术
目前, 国内外市场上用于制作香烟滤嘴的原料以二醋酸纤维素为主, 也有聚丙烯纤维、 壳聚糖等合成和天然材料。 用二醋酸纤维素制备香烟滤 嘴, 存在着以下几方面的明显缺陷: (1 ) 由于经过处理的二醋酸纤维素需 要使用一些粘合剂等其它物质才具有合适的硬度和弹性, 过滤效果受到影 响, 阻滤香烟燃吸过程中产生的烟气中有害物质的效果不十分理想; (2 ) 二醋酸纤维素的来源有限, 目前, 国内每年需要 25万吨左右的香烟滤嘴用 纤维, 其中大部分为二醋酸纤维素, 供不应求, 每年我国需要进口 13万吨 左右才能满足国内市场, 因此, 二醋酸纤维素的价格比较高, 约为 5万元 / 吨; (3 ) 生产二醋酸纤维素是一个比较复杂的化工生产过程, 容易污染环 境; (4 ) 用聚丙烯纤维制造香烟滤嘴, 需要消耗日益稀缺的石油资源, 且 抛弃后难以自然降解。 因此, 用天然纤维为原材料来代替目前普遍使用的 醋酸纤维素和其它合成纤维制成香烟滤嘴, 显得十分必要。
蚕丝是一种天然的蛋白质纤维, 生产蚕丝的家蚕与人类种群关系遥远, 因此蚕丝蛋白对人体无毒, 无剌激作用, 且具有良好的生物降解性能, 因 此它是一种用来制备成与人体直接接触或有特殊要求产品的理想天然材 料。 然而, 蚕丝纤维比较柔软, 不宜直接制备成香烟滤嘴, 因此, 如何赋 予蚕丝香烟滤嘴以一定的抗变形能力, 是需要解决的一个主要问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足, 提供一种能有效阻滤香 烟烟气中的焦油和尼古丁等有害成分, 且对人体安全、 无环境污染的蚕丝 香烟滤嘴及其制备方法。 本发明采用的技术方案是: 一种蚕丝香烟滤嘴, 它以蚕丝纤维为滤芯, 蚕丝蛋白和海藻酸盐为定型、 黏结材料涂复于蚕丝纤维表面。
一种制备上述蚕丝香烟滤嘴的方法, 它包括如下步骤:
(1)将蚕丝或去蛹的蚕茧用 W/V浓度为 0. 05〜0. 5%的 Na2C03溶液在 50〜 98 °C的温度条件下煮练 1〜3次, 每次为 30〜60分钟, 烘干后拉松均匀成 蓬松、 网状蚕丝纤维;
(2)将上述蚕丝纤维直接卷制或填入到香烟滤嘴模具中, 制成香烟滤嘴 棒状;
(3)将香烟滤嘴棒放入浓度为 0. 2〜3%的海藻酸钠溶液中, 在 25〜50 °C 的温度条件下浸泡至少 5分钟后取出, 在 60〜; L 05 °C的温度条件下烘干;
(4)在蚕丝蛋白浓度 W/V为 0. 5〜20%的丝素或丝胶溶液中, 加入 W/V为 1〜10% CaCl2, 再将香烟滤嘴棒放入该溶液中, 在 25〜50 °C的温度条件下 浸泡 5分钟以上后取出烘干;
(5)在盛有足量水的容器中温度 65 °C下汽蒸处理 5〜30分钟, 取出后 干燥定型, 得到蚕丝香烟滤嘴。
本发明技术方案依据的基本原理是: 蚕丝纤维是一种蛋白质, 由约占 70%的丝素和 30%的丝胶组成, 丝素分子链上疏水性氨基酸所占比例约为 70% , 亲水性氨基酸为 30% , 而丝胶分子链上疏水性氨基酸所占比例约为 30% , 亲水性氨基酸为 70% , 因此, 蚕丝纤维具有吸附亲油性的有机物和亲 水性物质的能力, 用作香烟滤嘴芯材, 一定程度上能够有效阻滤香烟烟气 中的焦油和尼古丁等有害成分; 低浓度海藻酸钠溶液的粘度比较大, 体系 中的 Ca2+离子一方面可以使海藻酸钠变成海藻酸钙降低其溶解性和吸湿 性, 另一方面可以在海藻酸和蚕丝蛋白分子链之间形成一定的络合交联作 用, 有利于蚕丝蛋白被蚕丝纤维吸附和在滤嘴棒内部 (主要在纤维表面) 形成具有一定弹性的膜, 提髙蚕丝纤维的抗变形能力, 同时, 海藻酸 (盐) 还有一定的抑菌作用。
与现有技术相比, 本发明具有以下优点:
1、 本发明采用了与人体和环境友好的蚕丝纤维为香烟滤嘴的主要原 料, 用蚕丝蛋白和海藻酸盐溶液对蚕丝香烟滤嘴进行定型处理, 因此可以 避免或减少其它化学纤维材料在制造和使用过程中对环境造成污染。
2、 获得的蚕丝是一种微米级微纤形成的纤维网状结构, 比表面积大, 有利于吸附截留香烟烟气中的焦油和尼古丁等有害物质, 对香烟的口味没 有影响; 且蚕丝是一种长纤维, 可以避免短纤维易被吸入人体 (肺部) 所 造成的伤害问题。
3、 蚕丝的来源丰富, 用其制备成香烟滤嘴的工艺简单, 因此, 不会明 显增加产品成本, 便于推广应用。 具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的阐述。
实施例:
按如下工艺制备蚕丝香烟滤嘴:
1 . 蚕茧煮练脱胶、 制棒: 将去蛹的蚕茧放入浓度为 0. 05% Na2C03溶液 中, 在 95±2 Ό下用强力搅拌机搅拌 30分钟, 使蚕茧茧丝变得松散, 重复 3 次后, 105°C烘干, 进一步拉松均匀至纤维网状; 按 0. 10克 /厘米 (蚕丝 / 棒长度) 的标准将拉松的蚕丝填入内径为 0. 8cm的模具中, 填入的蚕丝纤 维棒长度约为 2cm, 或制成较长的蚕丝纤维棒, 待定型处理后再按长度要 求尺寸截断。 也可直接将纤维网状蚕丝卷绕成一定直径、 长度的蚕丝纤维 棒。
2. 含 CaCl2的丝素蛋白溶液的制备: 按摩尔比为 CaCl2 : H20 : C2H50H=l : 8: 2配制溶液, 将脱胶后的蚕丝放入上述溶液中, 加热到 80±5°C , 保持此 温度, 搅拌直至蚕丝溶解, 经过透析后获得含固率为 3%的丝素蛋白溶液。 向丝素溶液中加入 CaCl2, 使溶液中 CaCl2的含量达到为 6% ( W/V)。
3. 定型处理: 将蚕丝纤维棒先浸入浓度为 1% ( W/V ) 的海藻酸钠溶液 中处理 30分钟后取出, 再在 105 °C的温度条件下烘干处理 60分钟; 再放 入浓度为 6%的 CaCl2、 3%的丝素蛋白 (W/V) 溶液中, 在 25〜50 °C的温度 条件下浸泡 30分钟后取出烘千, 放入盛有足量水的容器中, 在 75 °C下汽 蒸 60分钟后取出室温晾干, 获得以蚕丝纤维为滤芯, 蚕丝蛋白和海藻酸盐 为定型材料的蚕丝香烟滤嘴。 按本实施例技术方案制备的蚕丝香烟滤嘴, 经模拟吸烟后取样进行的 滤嘴外观、 烟气浑浊度和红外光谱分析结果表明, 滤嘴的前部均大量吸附 并截留了油状物质和其它物质, 后部与对照组的红外光谱没有区别, 说明 香烟烟气中的可吸附物质已经在滤嘴的前部基本被吸附, 而且从滤嘴出来 的烟气浑浊度下降明显。
本发明所述的蚕丝香烟滤嘴, 可以根据选择蚕茧原料、 脱胶方法或脱 胶程度调节其纤维的粗细度和纤维的表面状态, 可以通过控制纤维的粗细 度、 滤芯的填入密度, 海藻酸钠、 CaCl2的浓度和处理时间, 来调节其硬度 和弹性及吸湿能力。

Claims

1 . 一种蚕丝香烟滤嘴, 其特征在于: 它以蚕丝纤维为滤芯, 蚕丝蛋白 和海藻酸盐为定型、 黏结材料涂复于蚕丝纤维表面。
2. 一种制备如权利要求 1所述的蚕丝香烟滤嘴的方法, 其特征在于它 包括如下步骤:
(1)将蚕丝或去蛹的蚕茧用浓度 W/V 为 0. 05〜0. 5%的 Na2C03溶液, 在 50〜98 °C的温度条件下煮练 1〜3次, 每次为 30〜60分钟, 烘干后拉松均 匀,成蓬松、 网状蚕丝纤维;
(2)将上述蚕丝纤维直接卷制或填入到香烟滤嘴模具中, 制成香烟滤嘴 棒状;
(3)将香烟滤嘴棒放入 W/V为 0. 2〜3%的海藻酸钠溶液中, 在 25~ 50 °C 的温度条件下浸泡至少 5分钟后取出, 在 60〜105 °C的温度条件下烘干;
(4)在蚕丝蛋白浓度 W/V为 0. 5〜 20%的丝素或丝胶溶液中, 加入 W/V为 1〜; 10%的 CaCl2, 再将香烟滤嘴棒放入该溶液中, 在 25〜50 °C的温度条件 下浸泡 5分钟以上后取出烘干;
(5)在温度 65 Ό的容器中用水汽蒸处理 5〜30分钟定型, 得到蚕丝香 烟滤嘴。
PCT/CN2007/002447 2007-04-12 2007-08-14 Filtre de cigarette en soie et procédé de préparation dudit filtre WO2008124975A1 (fr)

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CN102178350B (zh) * 2011-04-07 2013-02-13 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 一种蚕丝蛋白复合嘴棒及其制备方法
CN102349704A (zh) * 2011-07-02 2012-02-15 云南瑞升烟草技术(集团)有限公司 一种含再生植物蛋白纤维的新型卷烟滤棒
JP5225489B1 (ja) * 2012-06-14 2013-07-03 株式会社ダイセル タバコフィルター
CN102845832B (zh) * 2012-09-20 2016-03-23 浙江经贸职业技术学院 香烟过滤嘴及其制造方法和应用
CN102885403A (zh) * 2012-11-01 2013-01-23 苏州大学 一种蚕丝蛋白香烟滤嘴及其制备方法
CN103954576B (zh) * 2014-04-29 2016-04-27 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 一种测定卷烟烟气成分在固体吸附材料表面的吸附形式的方法
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CN109156894A (zh) * 2018-08-06 2019-01-08 四川紫微仙健康科技有限公司 一种香烟滤嘴棒及其制备方法
CN110754687B (zh) * 2019-10-31 2022-03-04 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 一种厚朴香型卷烟滤嘴的制备方法

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CH695306A5 (de) * 2001-10-18 2006-03-31 Jurop Ag Filtervorrichtung mit Zigarettenpapier.
CN1423981A (zh) * 2001-12-10 2003-06-18 侯关荣 天然纤维香烟滤棒及其制造方法
CN1443500A (zh) * 2003-04-17 2003-09-24 苏州大学 蚕丝刷毛及其制备方法

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