Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
  • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
  • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
  • G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
  • G01B11/0608—Height gauges
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
  • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
  • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
  • G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
  • B22D11/0631—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a travelling straight surface, e.g. through-like moulds, a belt
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
  • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
  • B22D11/064—Accessories therefor for supplying molten metal
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
  • B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
  • B28B1/29—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by profiling or strickling the material in open moulds or on moulding surfaces

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for measuring a thickness by means of a measuring device and a method for carrying out a measurement by means of a measuring device, wherein in particular the thickness of a melt within a metal casting plant can be measured.
• the invention therefore particularly relates to a device for measuring a thickness according to claim 1.
• the invention relates to a method according to claim 9 and a use according to claim 15.
• the hot melt in particular metal or steel melt, passes from a vessel to a revolving mold.
• the casting width is ensured by the arrangement of side walls, which lateral walls are stationary or displaceable or adjustable in order to ensure different widths of bands during the casting process can.
• the melt is not exposed at the top of a mold wall, so that the surface of the air or a specifically adjustable atmosphere is exposed.
• the thickness of the melt is not limited by a mold wall, but rather is via the mass flow from an inlet adjustable and may vary over the length and / or the width, so that it can come in the width direction to wedge-shaped irregularities or in the longitudinal direction to wavy irregularities.
• This method of casting for example, tapes or profiles is also called direct strip casting (DSC) and is known in the art, as for example by DE 197 58 108 C1, EP 1 047 510 B1 or DE 19746 728 C1.
• DSC direct strip casting
• EP 1 047 510 B1 discloses a method for the endless production of hot-rolled flat products from thinly cast strip, in which the thinly cast strip is cooled controlled under a protective gas atmosphere and the melt is conveyed from the melt-containing vessel to a moving mold.
• the object of the invention is to provide a device, a use of a device and a method for performing a measurement by means of a measuring device, in particular for measuring the thickness of a melt within a metal casting, which the production of rolled products or Tapes or profiles with largely homogeneous dimensions and material properties allowed.
• the object is achieved with respect to the device having the features of claim 1 with a device for measuring a thickness, in particular for use in casting machines of belts or profiles with at least one measuring device, wherein the thickness of a liquid or doughy melt or a solidified cast product a mold or in a vessel is measured. It is particularly advantageous if the moving melt or the cast product monitored and the thickness is determined. By determining the thickness across the width distributed, a profile of the melt can be determined and in the case of a non-optimal surface structure or inclination can be counteracted by control or regulatory intervention.
• metal also includes metal alloys in the context of the present invention.
• the measuring device works without contact and monitors or determines the surface.
• the measuring device can advantageously work by means of a laser and an optical sensor.
• a laser and a corresponding sensor can be provided which scans the surface or a plurality of lasers and / or sensors can be provided, each detecting or scanning a region of the surface.
• the measuring device can also work with touch. It is expedient if the measuring device by means of a tactile sensor, such as sensor works.
• a control signal is generated for controlling the mass flow of a melt from a melt containing vessel.
• the thickness of the melt or of the cast product can be controlled via the material flow.
• a control signal is generated for controlling a device for distributing the melt.
• the surface can be controlled via the material distribution.
• the thickness of the melt in the vessel is measured in a filling area and / or in a feed area to the mold.
• the measurement can advantageously control the inflow of the melt to the vessel.
• the object with respect to the method is achieved with the features of claim 9, according to which a method for measuring a thickness, in particular for use in casting of belts or profiles with a measuring device is provided, wherein the thickness of a liquid or doughy melt or a solidified cast product on a Mold is measured.
• the measuring device works without contact or with contact. Furthermore, it is expedient if, based on a measurement signal of the measuring device, a control signal is generated for controlling the mass flow of a melt from a vessel containing melt.
• a control signal is generated for controlling a device for distributing the melt.
• the thickness of the melt or of the cast product is measured distributed over the width.
• a profile can be determined and control measures or measures can be taken on the basis of the profiles determined in order to counterbalance such irregularities.
• the result or the signals of the thickness measurement over the width distributed to control a mass flow and / or orientation of a mold is used to at least counteract a wedging and / or less of a cast product.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a metal casting
• Fig. 2 shows a detail of a plan view of Figure 1
• Fig. 3 is a view of a device according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows a metal casting installation 1 with a vessel 2, in which liquid metal, such as, for example, a molten steel S, is provided.
• vessel 2 advantageously has heating elements in order to bring and / or to maintain the liquid metal at the temperature, which, however, are not shown.
• the liquid metal or the melt S is advantageously discharged onto the revolving, moving mold 3, wherein the running of the mold 3, a band 4 is produced from the liquid metal before it in the downstream stages of a rolling mill, not shown is processed further. It is also possible, as an additional downstream stage, for example, to provide a blackboard system next to the rolling plant. Then the cast strip would form an intermediate product as a semi-finished product.
• a measuring device 5 which scans the surface of the metal strip without contact or with contact and thus determines the thickness of the metal strip 4.
• the measuring device 5 performs a determination of the thickness d of the metal strip 4, so that a control or regulation of the mass flow of the melt from the vessel 2 to the mold 3 can be made by a control unit.
• the control unit can be integrated in the measuring device 5, or it is provided separately as a structural unit.
• the control of the mass flow from the vessel 2 to the mold 3 is indirectly controlled by the mass flow from the storage vessel 6 into the vessel 2.
• the storage vessel 6 also has a hot melt S, which can flow into the vessel 2 via an outlet.
• a closure 7 such as a sealing stopper or the like
• the outflow of the melt from the storage vessel 6 can be controlled as an inflow into the vessel 2.
• the size of a free gap for the outflow of the melt S can be adjusted via the height of the closure plug in FIG.
• the measuring device 5 forward a control signal to an actuating unit, which controls the inflow of melt S into the vessel 2.
• the control of the cast profile can be achieved be made over the length and width of the controlled mass flow, the thickness of the metal strip or the melt S to have measured, advantageous for subsequent inline or offline rolling.
• Particularly advantageous for the application of the invention is the measurement of the thickness of the melt or the metal strip at the beginning of the metal strip substantially at the beginning of the mold or after the melt flowing from the vessel 2 to the idler mold, advantageously evenly distributed Has. This means that the location of the measurement from the outlet to the mold is so far away that the outflowing metal should have evenly distributed on the mold or evenly distributed.
• non-contact measuring methods have the advantage that they can be performed, for example, at a distance from the measuring device to the melt or the metal band, so that the measuring device 5 can be arranged protected.
• laser measuring methods or generally other distance measuring methods for example on an electromagnetic or optical basis, can advantageously be used.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a top view of a measuring point, which is measured by means of a non-contact measuring device M, 5.
• 11 represents the measuring range of a non-contact sensor of the measuring device, such as a laser with associated optics.
• the measuring window 11 is displaceable within the range ( ⁇ x) 12.
• the melt (S) 13 strikes the co-moving mold 14 and forms a band 15 of liquid metal or melt with the width B.
• the arrows indicate the direction of the melt and the co-moving mold, where v g is the speed of the co-moving mold ,
• a laser-containing device As a measuring device 5 as a non-contact device, a laser-containing device is advantageous.
• a laser such as a laser with red emitting light or a laser with blue emitting light, can be advantageously used.
• the laser emits the light in the region of the measuring window, and due to the reflection, the returned light can be measured by means of a detector, so that the height of the melt can be detected across the width of the strip from the received light.
• the laser can be controlled to scan the width of the tape.
• a plurality of lasers and / or sensors can be arranged side by side or parallel to each other, and each monitor a partial region of the width of the melt or of the cast product that a thickness profile can be determined on the basis of the data of the respective laser and the associated sensors.
• a plurality of sensors can also be distributed over the width of the area to be monitored, so that, for example, a plurality of sensors are arranged parallel to one another or side by side, which detect the thickness of the strip or the melt to be monitored in parallel across the width. This can be done by scanning or measuring the thickness over the width of the band or the melt distributed a thickness profile can be determined.
• the arrangement of the sensors in a range between a position that is close to the melt application point and a position that corresponds approximately to leaving the conveyor belt.
• the melt is advantageously still liquid or at least doughy, although quite a doughy mixed form of melt and solidified material, such as steel, can be determined.
• the thickness measurement is distributed over the width of a melt, wherein the melt is advantageously moved, for example, in a horizontal mold, such as, for example, in a close-to-near casting.
• the measurement is advantageously carried out already in the still liquid melt, ideally as close as possible to the inlet, wherein the measurement is advantageously carried out distributed over the width.
• this can be at least reduced or even eliminated by targeted control of the inclination of the mold this wedging. Also, with the provision of a plurality of nozzles at the outlet of a vessel, the inlet of the melt into the mold can be controlled across the width, so that thereby a wedging or waviness of the melt can be reduced.
• a regulation of the mass inflow can be carried out.
• a regulation of the mass flow by means of plugs can be carried out.
• the arrangement of the measuring device 5 can advantageously be carried out such that it is provided at a sufficient distance from the band of the melt, so that the heat and / or the dirt does not damage the device.
• a shield against water, steel splashes, gas and / or heat can be made.
• the measurement of the thickness can also take place, for example, in a protected or inertized environment, so that the surface of the melt or of the strip does not oscillate or does not strongly oscillate, so that a falsification of measurement results is avoided or reduced.
• the measuring device 5 is arranged in a housing which is provided for protection and / or shielding. It is furthermore advantageous if the housing is arranged to be movable, so that positioning of the housing can be carried out, for example, depending on the casting speed and / or the dimensions of the band of the melt.
• the measuring device 5 can also work with a sensor system operating with a touch.
• a tactile level sensor may be provided as a sensor which is in contact with the surface of the melt S of the belt 4.
• the sensor which may also be wear-resistant, permanently or at intervals, such as in time-oscillating intervals , are brought into contact with the melt.
• the thickness of the melt By touching the melt surface, the thickness of the melt can be detected.
• the thickness of the melt in the width direction may be detected, for which, for example, a widthwise process may be performed.
• tactile sensors or transducers can also be arranged next to one another in order to be able to detect or generate a thickness profile over the bandwidth.
• the sensor or the sensors are arranged or designed such that a differential measurement can be carried out.
• a differential measurement can be carried out, for example, by the presence or recognition of a zero point or reference point between sensor and conveyor belt surface, and after the melt has been dispensed, a reduced path or a reduced distance between sensor and measuring point can be detected. The then detected path difference or distance difference would then correspond to the thickness of the melt or of the cast strip or product.
• a measurement of the thickness by penetration of the melt or of the cast product with radiation can also be carried out, in which case a thickness can be determined, for example, from transit time differences between the signal emitted by the sensor and the reflected signal between a state without melt / cast product or with melt / cast product is.
• a control signal can be generated for controlling the mass flow from the vessel 2 to the mold 3. This is therefore advantageous. because this allows a tolerance of the thickness of the melt across the width and / or over the length within a predeterminable measure or area can be achieved.
• such a casting plant can be extended by a device for active distribution of the melt on the revolving mold.
• mechanical or electromagnetic melt distributors may be provided on a supply nozzle with segmented control or action across the width or pneumatic and vacuum technical devices and / or manipulators, which distribute the melt uniformly on the mold.
• a device for equalization and / or such a manipulator such as a stirrer or vacuum distributor, are controlled on the basis of a corresponding control signal.
• lasers used also called line lasers
• line lasers can produce a line transversely to the casting direction at a predeterminable angle on the melt film or on the surface of the melt or of the cast product.
• the measurement of the thickness of the melt or the cast product or its profile, such as the edge overshoot, can be done at an angle by means of video image processing accordingly.
• Such a method is also called light-section method. Accordingly, either a laser or a plurality of lasers can be used, which are arranged distributed over the width of the strand.
• the laser can be arranged such that it impinges on the surface of the melt or the cast product from above, for example, also substantially perpendicular.
• the thickness of the melt or of the cast product can then be determined by way of the transit time difference of the reflected light in comparison with a reference value.
• FIG. 3 shows a device for measuring a thickness of a melt in a vessel 2, wherein the melt passes from a storage vessel into the vessel 2, which is not shown in FIG.
• measuring devices 5 are provided which can measure the thickness of the melt on the mold 3 or in the vessel 2.
• the vessel 2 two positions are advantageous, namely the filling area 16, in which the melt from a storage vessel or distributor is filled, and the feed region 17, in which the melt of the mold 3 with a predetermined thickness is supplied to the moving belt.
• the supply area 17 is thus located in the direction of the end of the vessel 2 in the direction of the moving belt.
• the thickness d1 on the mold, h1 and h2 in the vessel 2 in the filling area 16 and in 17 are measured.
• the measurement can thus take place in the region of the stationary melt or in the region of the moving melt.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Continuous Casting (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

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Citations (6)

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• 2008
  • 2008-03-10 RU RU2009137382/28A patent/RU2431116C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2008-03-10 US US12/449,952 patent/US9335164B2/en active Active
  • 2008-03-10 CA CA2679979A patent/CA2679979C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-03-10 KR KR1020097018295A patent/KR20090115192A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2008-03-10 WO PCT/EP2008/001902 patent/WO2008110330A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2008-03-10 DE DE102008013488A patent/DE102008013488A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-03-10 JP JP2009552134A patent/JP5171849B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-03-10 CN CN200880007738.3A patent/CN101669010B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-03-10 EP EP08716411.7A patent/EP2132526B8/de not_active Not-in-force

Patent Citations (8)

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