Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
  • A61K31/501—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
  • A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
  • A61K47/40—Cyclodextrins; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
  • A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
  • A61K47/6951—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/08—Solutions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
  • A61P21/04—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system for myasthenia gravis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/08—Plasma substitutes; Perfusion solutions; Dialytics or haemodialytics; Drugs for electrolytic or acid-base disorders, e.g. hypovolemic shock
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/04—Inotropic agents, i.e. stimulants of cardiac contraction; Drugs for heart failure
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
  • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
  • B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of medicine.
• the invention relates to novel liquid preparation comprising a substituted benzimidazol, preferably pimobendan as pharmaceutically active compound.
• Pimobendan is a well-known compound for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) originating for example from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or decompensated endocardiosis (DCE) in animals, especially dogs (WO 2005/092343). Pimobendan is also approved as a drug product for cardiovascular treatment of humans.
• CHF congestive heart failure
• DCM dilated cardiomyopathy
• DCE decompensated endocardiosis
• Pimobendan 4,5-dihydro-6-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1 H-benzimidazol-5-yl]-5-methyl- 3(2H)-pyridazinone
• EP B-008 391 herein incorporated by reference in its entirety, and having the formula:
• pimobendan drug substance is insoluble in water, 1 g substance is soluble in more than 10000 ml. At pH 7 the solubility of pimobendan is about 0.1 mg per 100 ml.
• aqueous formulation is required to administer a drug product by the i.v. / s.c. route to either humans or animals, formulations with a non-aqueous solvent are neither acceptable nor state of the art due to the risk of severe tolerance problems. Solubility in aqueous solutions is depending on the pH.
• the solubility of pimobendan is significantly higher at pH 1 to 3, however, the chemical stability in solution is reduced so that a stable solution with a reasonable shelf-life cannot be achieved. In addition, the local tolerance of such a formulation is very poor. This is due to the fact that the target dose would require a drug concentration in solution which can only be achieved by a pH of about pH3 and lower. The required concentration in solution exceeds the solubility of pimobendan in water by a factor of about 250, a factor of 1 to 1000 might be the maximum required increase.
• etherified beta-cyclodextrin derivatives are known to improve solubility of sparingly soluble drugs (WO85/02767). However, in WO85/02767 only the use of etherified beta-cyclodextrin derivatives up to a concentration of 10 % is described. A molar ratio of drug to etherified beta-cyclodextrin derivative of 1 :6 to 4:1 was thought. The solubility of flubendazol within the above given ratio was only increased by a factor 30.
• those formulations are not suitable for the preparation of liquid preparations comprising pimobendan, or any other substituted benzimidazol in therapeutically effective amounts of up to 5 mg/ml, preferably of 0.5 to 3 mg/ml, even more preferably of 0.5 to 1.5 mg/ml.
• at least pimobendan formulation comprising up to 1.5 mg/ml needs an increase in solubility at pH 7 by a factor of about 1000 to 1500.
• the objective underlying the present invention was to provide liquid preparations comprising a substituted benzimidazol, preferably pimobendan as pharmaceutically active compound.
• the objective underlying the present invention was to provide a pharmaceutically acceptable solution comprising a substituted benzimidazol, preferably pimobendan as pharmaceutically active compound.
• Another objective underlying the present invention was to provide injectable solutions comprising a substituted benzimidazol, preferably pimobendan as pharmaceutically active compound.
• Figures 1 and 2 show the saturated solubility of pimobendan, a substituted benzimidazol in an aqueous solution comprising various concentrations of the etherified cyclodextrin derivative hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP ⁇ CD) at pH 3, 5, and 7.
• HP ⁇ CD hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin
• Figure 3 shows the saturated solubility of pimobendan, a substituted benzimidazol in an aqueous solution comprising various 20 to 25 % (w/v) of the etherified cyclodextrin-derivative hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodexthn (HP ⁇ CD) dissolved in 10 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7.
• Figure 4 shows the saturated solubility of pimobendan, a substituted benzimidazol in an aqueous solution comprising 24 % (w/v) of the etherified cyclodextrin-derivative hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodexthn (HP ⁇ CD) dissolved in 10 mM phosphate buffer and sodium chloride at pH 7.
• Figure 5 shows the effect of autoclaving on the soluble formulation of pimobendan, a substituted benzimidazol.
• the present invention is based on the unexpected observation that a non-linear relationship exists between the rise in concentration of hydroxypropyl-beta- cyclodextrin (HP ⁇ CD), an ethehfied cyclodexthn derivative, and the increase in solubility of pimobendan a structurally member of a substituted benzimidazol at a pH of about 5 or 7.
• Solutions containing a target concentration for pimobendan of about 0.5 to 1.5 mg/ml could be obtained by the use of HP ⁇ CD concentration of more than 15 %, preferably of about 20% (w/v) to up to 70% (w/v) of the final formulation.
• Figure 1 teaches, that based on such a non-linear relationship, a HP ⁇ CD concentration of more than 20 (w/v) caused in a significant increased solubility of pimobendan, which is used in an exemplarily manner for a substituted benzimidazol.
• (w/v) as used herein is meant weight of substance per volume of the final preparation/formulation.
• the present invention relates to a liquid preparation comprising an etherified cyclodexthn derivative and a substituted benzimidazol, wherein the etherified cyclodextrin derivative is selected from the group consisting of: alpha-, beta, and gamma-cyclodextrin ether.
• liquid preparation simply means that the majority of the preparation is present in liquid form.
• liquid preparation includes any form of an aqueous solution as well as any kind of suspension. If the liquid preparation is obtained in the form of a suspension, it is a dispersed system.
• a dispersed system is meant, in general terms, a systems consisting of two or more phases in which one type of form (dispersed phase) is finely divided in the other type of form (dispersion agent).
• a “suspension” is meant, according to the invention, a mixture of solid particles in a liquid.
• the liquid preparation according to the invention is an aqueous solution, more preferably a non-alcoholic aqueous solution.
• those liquid preparations are aqueous solutions that are suitable as injectable solutions for i.v. and / or s.c. application in animals.
• aqueous solution simply means that the majority of the preparation is present in a dissolved form.
• non-alcoholic aqueous solutions means that preparation is present in a dissolved form but do not include alcoholic or other organic solvents.
• the present invention relates an aqueous solutions comprising an etherified cyclodextrin derivative and a substituted benzimidazol, wherein the etherified cyclodextrin derivative is selected from the group consisting of: alpha-, beta, and gamma-cyclodextrin ether.
• those aqueous solutions are injectable solutions for i.v. and / or s.c. application in animals, or can be can be used for the preparation of injectable solutions for i.v. and / or s.c. application in animals.
• etherified cyclodextrin derivatives as used herein includes but is not limited to alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins.
• etherified cyclodextrin derivatives as used herein means etherified beta-cyclodextrins, more preferably of the formula:
• a partially etherified beta-cyclodextrin of formula I is preferably used in which the residues R are hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl or dihydroxypropyl groups, Optionally part of the residues R may for instance be methyl or -ethyl groups; the use of partially - methylated beta-cyclodextrin ethers with 7 to 14 methyl groups in the beta-cyclodextrin molecule as they are known from German Offenlegungsschhft 31 18 218 do not come under the present invention. Partial ethers of beta-cyclodextrin comprising only alkyl groups (methyl, ethyl) may be suitable in accordance with the invention if they have a low degree of substitution (as defined below) of 0.05 to 0.2.
• the etherified cyclodextrin derivative as used herein is hydroxyethyl-beta-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, dihydroxypropyl- beta-cyclodextrin.
• the etherified cyclodextrin derivative as used herein is hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP ⁇ CD), for example as described in the European Pharmacopoeia (5 th Edition 2005, European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines (EDQM), European Pharmacopoeia, 226 avenue de Colmar, F-67029 France, http://www.pheur.org).
• Beta-cyclodextrin is a compound with ring structure consisting of 7 anhydro glucose units; it is also referred to as cycloheptaamylose. Each of the 7 glucose rings contains in 2-, 3-, and 6-position three hydroxy groups which may be etherified. In the partially etherified ⁇ -cyclodextrin derivatives used according to the invention only part of these hydroxy groups is etherified with hydroxyalkyl groups and optionally further with alkyl groups.
• the degree of substitution is stated as molar substitution (MS), viz. in mole alkylene oxide per anhydroglucose unit, compare U.S. Patent 3,459,731 , column 4.
• MS molar substitution
• the molar substitution is between 0.05 and 10, preferably between 0.2 and 2.
• Particularly preferred is a molar substitution of about 0.40 to about 1.50.
• the ethehfication with alkyl groups may be stated directly as degree of-substitution (DS) per glucose unit which as stated above - is 3 for complete substitution.
• Partially etherified beta-cyclodexthns are used within the invention which comprise besides hydroxyalkyl groups also alkyl groups, especially a methyl or ethyl groups, up to a degree of substitution of 0.05 to 2.0, preferably 0.2 to 1.5. Most preferably the degree of substitution with alkylgroups is between about 0.5 and about 1.2.
• the present invention relates to liquid preparations as described above, comprising an etherified cyclodextrin derivative and a substituted benzimidazol, wherein the etherified cyclodextrin derivative is etherified beta-cyclodextrin.
• etherified beta-cyclodextrin is hydroxyethyl-beta- cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, or dihydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin.
• etherified beta-cyclodextrin is hydroxypropyl-beta- cyclodextrin (HP ⁇ CD), for example as described in the European Pharmacopoeia (5 th Edition 2005, European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines (EDQM), European Pharmacopoeia, 226 avenue de Colmar, F-67029 France, http://www.pheur.org). Most preferably, that etherified beta-cyclodextrin is Kleptose® HP (Roquette, France).
• substituted benzamidazol means, but is not limited to thiabendazol, fuberidazol, oxibendazol, parbendazol, cambendazol, mebendazol, fenbendazol, flubendazol, albendazol, oxfendazol, nocodazol, astemisol and pimobendan, pharmaceutical acceptable salts, derivatives, metabolites or pro-drugs thereof.
• substituted benzimidazol means pimobendan, or any pharmaceutical acceptable salts, derivatives, metabolites or pro- drugs thereof. Pimobendan as such is described supra.
• the present invention relates to liquid preparations as described above, comprising an etherified cyclodextrin derivative and a substituted benzimidazol, wherein:
• the etherified cyclodextrin derivative is etherified beta-cyclodextrin, preferably, hydroxyethyl-beta-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, or dihydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, even more preferably hydroxypropyl-beta- cyclodextrin (HP ⁇ CD), and most preferably, Kleptose® HP (Roquette, France); and b) the substituted benzamidazol is thiabendazol, fubehdazol, oxibendazol, parbendazol, cambendazol, mebendazol, fenbendazol, flubendazol, albendazol, oxfendazol, nocodazol, astemisol or pimobendan, pharmaceutical acceptable salts, derivatives, metabolites or pro-drugs thereof, preferably pimobendan as described supra
• the amount of etherified cyclodextrin that is needed for the liquid preparation depends on the pH of the final liquid preparation, the substituted benzimidazol and the portion that is used. However, it was surprisingly found, that the use of about 15 - 70% (w/v) of etherified cyclodextrin derivative, preferably HP ⁇ CD in the final preparation is appropriate to dissolve an therapeutically effective amount of any of the substituted benzimidazol described above. In particular, it is shown, that the use of about 15 - 70% (w/v) of etherified cyclodextrin derivatives as described above, preferably of HP ⁇ CD in the final preparation is appropriate to dissolve an therapeutically effective amount pimobendan.
• any of the final liquid preparation as described herein comprises about 15 to 70% (w/v) etherified cyclodextrin derivative, preferably HP ⁇ CD.
• the portion of etherified cyclodextrin derivative, preferably of HP ⁇ CD; of the final liquid preparation is 20 - 50% (w/v), even preferably 20 - 40%, even more preferably 20 - 30% (w/v), even more preferably 22 - 28%, even more preferably 23 - 27% (w/v), even more preferably 24 - 26% (w/v), for example the portion of the final preparation is 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 , 22, 23 ,24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 20, 21 , 22, 23 ,24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 , 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 , 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51 , 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58,
• the portion of the substituted benzimidazol of the liquid preparation as described herein is as a rule between 0.005 and 0.15 % (w/v), preferably between 0.01 and 0.15% (w/w), further preferred between 0.05 and 0.15 % (w/w), and even further preferred between 0.075 and 0.10 % (w/w). Consequently, the portion is, for example, 0.001 , 0.002, 0.003 ... 0.008, 0.009, etc.; 0.01 , 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, ... 0.08 0.09 etc.; 0.10, 0.1 1 , 0.12 ...0.14, 0.15% (w/v).
• the substituted benzimidazol is anyone of those described herein, preferably pimobendan.
• the present invention relates to a liquid preparation comprising an ethehfied cyclodextrin derivative, and a substituted benzimidazol as described above, preferably HP ⁇ CD and pimobendan, wherein that liquid preparation comprises:
• the general therapeutic effective target dose in particular for the treatment of acute CHF, but also for any other therapeutic use as described herein is about 0.05 to 0.5 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal, preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal, even more preferably about 0.15 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal.
• the target concentration of pimobendan in the drug product should be set to 0.75 mg / ml allowing the administration of safe and even injection volumes. E.g. a dog with a weight of 10 kg would receive exactly a dose of 2 ml containing 1.5 mg of pimobendan.
• the present invention relates to a liquid preparation, preferably an aqueous solutions for injection, comprising an ethehfied cyclodexthn derivative as described above, preferably HP ⁇ CD and 0.75 mg/ml (0.075 % (w/v)) pimobendan.
• a liquid preparation preferably an aqueous solutions for injection, comprising an ethehfied cyclodexthn derivative as described above, preferably HP ⁇ CD and 0.75 mg/ml (0.075 % (w/v)) pimobendan.
• the portion of ethehfied cyclodextrin derivative in that liquid preparation comprises about 15 to 70% (w/v), preferably 20 - 50% (w/v), even preferably 20 - 40% (w/v), even more preferably 20 - 30% (w/v), even more preferably 22 - 28% (w/v), even more preferably 23 - 27% (w/v), most preferably 24
• a liquid preparation preferably an aqueous solutions for injection, that comprises 0.75 mg/ml
• liquid preparations are tolerable to the addition of buffers, antioxidants such as sodium edetate, isotonic agents such as sodium chloride, and are suitable as single- use injectable solutions for i.v. and / or s.c. application in animals, especially dogs. Preservatives can be added, too.
• the present invention relates to any of the above mentioned liquid preparations, preferably to aqueous solutions for injection, that comprise an etherified cyclodextrin derivative as described herein, preferably HP ⁇ CD, and a substituted benzimidazol as described herein, preferably pimobendan, wherein such preparation further comprises pharmaceutical acceptable excipients, and/or salts.
• the excipients in a standard liquid preparation in particular in a solution for injection according to the present invention might be meglumin, macrogol, poloxamer 188, parabens and glycin.
• the formulations according to the invention may contain complexing agents as other ingredients.
• complexing agents are meant within the scope of the present invention molecules which are capable of entering into complex bonds.
• these compounds should have the effect of complexing cations, most preferably metal cations.
• the formulations according to the invention preferably contain edetic acid (EDTA) or one of the known salts thereof, e.g. sodium EDTA or disodium EDTA dihydrate (sodium edetate), as complexing agent.
• EDTA edetic acid
• sodium EDTA or disodium EDTA dihydrate sodium edetate
• sodium edetate is used, optionally in the form of its hydrates, more preferably in the form of its dihydrate.
• complexing agents are used within the formulations according to the invention, their content is preferably in the range from 1 to 20 mg per 10 ml, more preferably in the range from 2 to 10 mg per 10 ml of the formulation according to the invention.
• the formulations according to the invention contain a complexing agent in an amount of about 5 mg per 10 ml of the formulation according to the invention.
• other excipients known to the skilled man may also be used.
• the present invention relates to any of the above mentioned liquid preparations, preferably to aqueous solutions for injection, that comprise an etherified cyclodextrin derivative as described herein, preferably HP ⁇ CD, and a substituted benzimidazol as described herein, preferably pimobendan, wherein such preparation further contains one or more suitable preservative(s), preferably selected from the group consisting of meglumin, macrogol, parabens and EDTA.
• suitable preservative(s) preferably selected from the group consisting of meglumin, macrogol, parabens and EDTA.
• the powders according to the invention may also contain organic salts such as malate, maleate, fumarate, tartrate, succinate, ethylsuccinate, citrate, acetate, lactate, methansulfonate, benzoate, ascorbate, para-toluensulfonate, palmoate, salicylate, stearate, estolate, gluceptate or lactobionate salts, for example.
• corresponding salts may contain pharmaceutically acceptable cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, aluminum, ammonium, for example.
• the salt might reduce the solubility of pimobendan in the presence of fix amount of HP ⁇ CD.
• the first option is to further increase the concentration of HP ⁇ CD.
• the other way is to keep restrict the amount of salts. It was shown, that after addition of phosphates resulting in an osmolality of about 300 mOsm/Kg the solubility of pimobendan in an exemplarily manner was not affected.
• the present invention relates to any of the above mentioned liquid preparations, preferably to aqueous solutions for injection, that comprise an etherified cyclodextrin derivative as described herein, preferably HP ⁇ CD, and a substituted benzimidazol as described herein, preferably pimobendan, wherein such liquid preparation contains an osmolality of about 250 to 350 mOsm/Kg, preferably of about 270 to 320 mOsm/Kg, even more preferably of about 280 to 300 mOsm/Kg.
• a person skilled in the art is able to adjust the osmolality of any of such liquid preparations to the above mentioned ranges by means well known in the art.
• a liquid preparation that comprises about 24 % (w/v) HP ⁇ CD and 0.75 mg/ml pimobendan may contain 10 mM of an alkali phosphate, preferably of sodium phosphate to adjust the osmolality of the final liquid preparation to about 290 to 300 m ⁇ sm/kg.
• the pH of the liquid preparation according to the invention is preferably between 5.5 and 8.5.
• the pH is preferably between 5.5 and 8.5.
• Preferred buffer systems that can be used to adjust the pH to 6.5 to 7.5 are, for example, phosphate, acetate and citrate buffer systems. Preparations of any of those buffer systems are described for example in the European Pharmacopoeia
• the present invention relates to any of the above mentioned liquid preparations, preferably to aqueous solutions for injection, that comprise an etherified cyclodextrin derivative as described herein, preferably HP ⁇ CD, and a substituted benzimidazol as described herein, preferably pimobendan, wherein such liquid preparation is adjusted to pH 5.5 to 8.5, preferably to pH 6.5 to 7.5 in case of an injectable solution.
• aqueous solutions for injection that comprise an etherified cyclodextrin derivative as described herein, preferably HP ⁇ CD, and a substituted benzimidazol as described herein, preferably pimobendan, wherein such liquid preparation is adjusted to pH 5.5 to 8.5, preferably to pH 6.5 to 7.5 in case of an injectable solution.
• a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to an injectable solution adjusted to pH 6 to 7.5, that comprise an ethehfied cyclodexthn derivative as described herein, preferably HP ⁇ CD, and a substituted benzimidazol as described herein, preferably pimobendan.
• an isotonic solution would further be preferred.
• an injectable solution for parenteral administration by the i.v. and/or s.c. route is obligatory.
• An aqueous formulation is required to administer a drug product by the i.v. / s.c. route to either humans or animals, formulations with a non-aqueous solvent are neither acceptable nor state of the art due to the risk of severe tolerance problems.
• the current invention relates to an injectable solution, i.e. for parenteral administration by the i.v. and/or s.c. route, comprising any of the liquid preparation as described above. It might be useful to administer the drug continuously over a defined period of time and not in a one-shot application. In such case, administration of an aqueous solution comprising the substituted benimidazol, preferably pimobendan by infusion is advantageous.
• the current invention relates to an injectable solution for infusion, comprising any of the liquid preparation as described above.
• a solution is absolutely necessary for i.v. administration, suspended particles bear a high risk of emboli and have to be excluded. Ready-to-use solutions are preferred compared to lyophilised products which have to be reconstituted by adding a diluent / solvent before administration.
• the reconstitution of a drug product to be administered will add several minutes to the treatment which has to be avoided in a life-threatening situation as this.
• local tolerance will depend on the isotonicity and pH range of the formulation. A pH in the neutral range of about pH 7 is usually preferred, the higher the actual pH deviates from this target the more likely the risk of not acceptable local tolerance.
• the invention relates to any of the liquid preparations described herein and comprising an etherified cyclodextrin derivative as described herein, preferably HP ⁇ CD and a substituted benzimidazol as described herein, preferably pimobendan, wherein the liquid solution is a Ready-to use solution.
• the Ready-to-use solution is in general adjusted to a pH of about 6.5 to 7.5, preferably of about 6.8 to 7.2, even more preferred of about 7.0.
• Ready-to-use solution is also adjusted to an osmolality of about 250 to 350 mOsm/Kg, preferably of about 270 to 320 mOsm/Kg, even more preferably of about 280 to 300 mOsm/Kg. It was surprisingly found, that the addition of some salts resulting in about 300 mOsm/Kg significantly reduce the solubility of the substituted benzimidazol, in particular of pimobendan. However, it is in the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to slightly increase the osmolality of that Read-to-use solution to about 300 mOsm/Kg, e.g. to about 305 to 310 mOsm/Kg, that an appropriate solubility of the substituted benzimidazol, in particular of pimobendan is ensured.
• the present invention relates to a liquid preparation as described supra, wherein the preparation comprises about i) 20 to 30% (w/w) of a HP ⁇ CD; ii) 0.005 to 0.15 % (w/w) pimobendan, a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, derivative, metabolite or pro-drug thereof; and optional iii) 0.025 to 0.075% (w/w) of stabilizer preferably EDTA; and wherein the pH of the liquid preparation is adjusted to about 6.5 to 7.5 and the osmolality is about 280 to 300 mOsm/Kg.
• the present invention also relates to a manufacturing process for the production of any of the liquid preparation as described herein.
• a manufacturing process for the production of any of the liquid preparation as described herein.
• those formulations can be prepared according to stand procedures known to a person skilled in the art. That process comprises the steps:
• a) Dissolving the etherified cyclodextrin derivative in a solvent; b) Adding the substituted benzimidazol to the solution obtained in step (a); and c) Admixing the mixture obtained in step (b) to obtain the liquid preparation in the form of an aqueous solution.
• that etherified cyclodextrin derivative is HP ⁇ CD.
• the solvent preferably is water for injection.
• the manufacturing process comprises the steps: h) Filter the liquid preparation of step g) and dispense into vials; i) Autoclave the vials, preferably for 30 min at 121 °C.
• the present invention relates to the use of any of the liquid preparation as described herein as a medicament.
• medicament is a veterinary medicament.
• that medicament is a solution for injection.
• That solution for injection is, according to a further aspect an infusion solution.
• the liquid preparation as provided herewith can be used in human and veterinary medicine, preferably in veterinary medicine. No product is licensed in veterinary medicine for this indication so far. So the treatment of acute CHF in a life-threatening situation would be an important innovation allowing to save the animal's life in an acute crisis situation. Due to an immediate onset of action, the rapid visual change of the animal's status would allow both the veterinarian and the animal owner to evaluate the success of the measures taken to overcome the situation. Additionally, this way of treatment would be a therapy option in cases where oral treatment is not possible. Peri-operative administration to maintain cardiovascular function and/or renal perfusion during anaesthesia as well as treatment of shock and/or gastric dilation volvulus situations are other potential indications for a pimobendan formulation with an immediate onset.
• the present invention also relates the use of any of the liquid preparation comprising pimobendan described herein for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of diseases in a subject in need of such treatment, selected from among the indications: congestive heart failure (CHF), acute CHF, decompensated endocardiosis (DCE), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), asymptomatic (occult) CHF, asymptomatic DCM, maintenance of cardiovascular function and/or renal perfusion during anaesthesia, shock, gastric dilation, volvulus, myocardial and renal ischemia.
• CHF congestive heart failure
• DCE decompensated endocardiosis
• DCM dilated cardiomyopathy
• asymptomatic CHF asymptomatic (occult) CHF
• maintenance of cardiovascular function and/or renal perfusion during anaesthesia shock, gastric dilation, volvulus, myocardial and renal ischemia.
• the general therapeutically effective amount of pimobendan is about 0.05 to 0.5 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal and application, preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal and application, even more preferably about 0.15 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal.
• one dose is to be administered per day.
• the present invention also relates to method of treatment and/or prevention of diseases, wherein cardiotonic, hypotensive, antiinflammatory and anti-thrombotic substances have a therapeutic benefit comprising the step: administering to such subject in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of any of the liquid preparations as described herein.
• the liquid preparation is administered to a therapeutically effective amount of about 0.05 to 0.5 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal and application, preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal and application, even more preferably about 0.15 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal.
• one dose is to be administered per day.
• pimobendan is a well established medicament in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF), decompensated endocardiosis (DCE), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), asymptomatic (occult) CHF, asymptomatic DCM, among others.
• CHF congestive heart failure
• DCE decompensated endocardiosis
• DCM dilated cardiomyopathy
• asymptomatic (occult) CHF asymptomatic (occult) CHF
• asymptomatic DCM asymptomatic DCM
• the present invention directly relates to a method of treatment and/or prevention a subject suffering on or having a congestive heart failure (CHF), decompensated endocardiosis (DCE), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), asymptomatic (occult) CHF, asymptomatic DCM, myocardial and renal ischemia, shock, comprising the step: administering to said subject in need thereof any of the liquid preparations described herein and comprising a therapeutically effective amount of pimobendan.
• CHF congestive heart failure
• DCE decompensated endocardiosis
• DCM dilated cardiomyopathy
• asymptomatic (occult) CHF asymptomatic (occult) CHF
• myocardial and renal ischemia asymptomatic ischemia
• shock comprising the step: administering to said subject in need thereof any of the liquid preparations described herein and comprising a therapeutically effective amount of pimobendan.
• the therapeutically effective amount for the treatment of CHF is about 0.05 to 0.5 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal and application, preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal and application, even more preferably about 0.15 mg pimobendan per kg body weight of the animal and application.
• one dose is to be administered per day.
• Such a treatment is also advantageous in the case of maintenance of cardiovascular function and/or renal perfusion during anaesthesia, shock, gastric dilation or volvulus, for examples caused by surgery, especially gastrointestinal surgery as well as trauma.
• the subject in need of any such treatment mentioned above is a mammal, preferably a human or an animal.
• animal as used herein includes but is not limited to companion animals such as dogs, cats, guinea pigs, hamsters, horses, cattle, goats, sheeps or the like.
• the subject in need of such treatment is a dog, horse or cat, most preferably a dog.
• such animal in need of such treatment also includes zoo animals such as monkies, elephants, giraffes and other ungulates, bears, mice and other small mammals.
• the present invention furthermore relates to a kit of parts, that comprises a) a container with a liquid preparation, preferably an injectable solution, according to the present invention as described herein, b) and a package leaflet including the information that the liquid preparation, preferably the injectable solution, according to the present invention is to be used, preferably via injection (s.c. or i.v.), for the prevention and/or treatment of congestive heart failure in a subject in need of such prevention or treatment, preferably in a mammal as defined above.
• a kit of parts that comprises a) a container with a liquid preparation, preferably an injectable solution, according to the present invention as described herein, b) and a package leaflet including the information that the liquid preparation, preferably the injectable solution, according to the present invention is to be used, preferably via injection (s.c. or i.v.), for the prevention and/or treatment of congestive heart failure in a subject in need of such prevention or treatment, preferably in a mammal as
• that package leaflet preferably includes the information that the pimobendan is to be used at a dose as described supra, preferably of about 0.15 mg per kg body weight and application. Preferably, one dose is to be administered per day. More preferably, the package-leaflet includes the specific indication as described above.
• the container comprises 2 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 50 ml, or 250 ml of the liquid preparation.
• the container comprises 3.75, 7.5 or 37.5 mg pimobendan.
• the solubility of pimobendan was tested at various concentrations of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP ⁇ CD) and at pH 3, 5 and 7. Kleptose® HP (Roquette, France) was used as HP ⁇ CD of pharmaceutical grade. Saturated solubility of pimobendan was investigated at 10 to 40% (w/v) of HP ⁇ CD at pH 3, 5, and 7. The solutions were buffered with a sodium phosphate solution. The sample solutions were prepared using the following method: a) Approximately 3 ml of the solution under test was placed in a 7 ml glass vial with a magnetic stirring bar.
• a level of 22 to 24% (w/v) HP ⁇ CD was chosen for the formulations comprising 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mg/ml pimobendan.
• a sample of the final formulation comprising 24% (w/v) HP ⁇ CD, 0.75 mg/ml pimobendan, 10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.0 was filtered through a 0.2 ⁇ m syringe PVDF filter into two screw cap class vials. One vial was stored at room temperature and the other at 5°C. Samples were assessed initially, after one and after two weeks for changes in appearance and sign of precipitation. No changes in appearance and no sign of precipitation were observed.
• the manufacturing process for the preparation of final formulation comprising HP ⁇ CD and pimobendan is: a) Weight the HP ⁇ CD into the manufacturing container; b) Add water to approximately 60% of the final volume; c) Mix until HP ⁇ CD dissolves using magnetic stirred or paddle stirrer; d) Add the buffer components, transfer with water and mix until dissolved; e) Check pH to ensure that it is close to pH 7.0. Adjust with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid if required; f) Add pimobendan, transfer with water and mix until dissolved;. g) Make to volume with water; h) Filter the solution and dispense into vials; i) Autoclave the vials for 30 min at 121 0 C.

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