WO2008019572A1 - Meptazinol biligand derivatives and/or their salts, preparation method and uses thereof - Google Patents

Meptazinol biligand derivatives and/or their salts, preparation method and uses thereof Download PDF

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WO2008019572A1
WO2008019572A1 PCT/CN2007/002243 CN2007002243W WO2008019572A1 WO 2008019572 A1 WO2008019572 A1 WO 2008019572A1 CN 2007002243 W CN2007002243 W CN 2007002243W WO 2008019572 A1 WO2008019572 A1 WO 2008019572A1
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acid
derivative
bis
salt
metatol
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PCT/CN2007/002243
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Zhuibai Qiu
Qiong Xie
Hongzhuan Chen
Hao Wang
Zheng Xia
Meiyan Lu
Xinghai Wang
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Fudan University
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Priority to US12/309,580 priority Critical patent/US8232270B2/en
Priority to JP2009521094A priority patent/JP5118696B2/ja
Priority to EP07785163.2A priority patent/EP2048134B1/en
Publication of WO2008019572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008019572A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D223/00Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D223/02Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D223/04Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/04Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of pharmacy and relates to (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivatives and/or salts thereof, and methods for their preparation and use.
  • the present invention specifically relates to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (DLB), and blood vessels.
  • AD Alzheimer's disease
  • PD Parkinson's disease
  • AD Alzheimer's disease
  • DLB Lewy body dementia
  • blood vessels blood vessels.
  • Meptazinol a molecular formula of C 15 3 ⁇ 4 3 NO, chemically known as 3-(3-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-hexahydroazepin-3-yl)phenol, was introduced in 1986.
  • Analgesic drugs with analgesic activity comparable to pentazocine, dipyridamole and dextropropoxyphene, but slightly weaker than morphine, with very low side effects such as respiratory depression and addiction compared with other opioid analgesics Therefore, it is not a category of "anarrhea" management.
  • meptazine can be applied to acute and chronic pain, such as trauma, postoperative, obstetrical and cancer pain, especially for labor analgesia, safe and effective, and does not affect the health of newborns.
  • acute and chronic pain such as trauma, postoperative, obstetrical and cancer pain
  • labor analgesia safe and effective
  • the clinical efficacy after marketing was reliable and was included in the British Pharmacopoeia in 1998.
  • AChE inhibitors improve the ACh concentration between synapses by inhibiting ACh hydrolysis and improve learning and memory.
  • AChE inhibitors are currently the primary clinical drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). They are also used to treat other neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy. Other dementias such as dementia (DLB) and vascular dementia (VaD). Conventional AChE inhibitors can only be used to alleviate the symptoms of dementia in patients and do not fundamentally prevent the development of degenerative diseases. In recent years, many activity enhancements have been designed and synthesized based on the presence of two important active sites in the bottom (three-in-one catalytic center, Catalytic triad) and oral (peripheral anionic site, PAS) of AChE.
  • AChE inhibitor di- and di-functional derivatives including bimolecular tacrine, bimolecular huperzine B, and the like.
  • dual-site inhibitors acting on both the AChE catalytic site and the peripheral anion site have dual inhibitory effects of AChE and amyloid beta ( ⁇ ) deposition, which can improve the symptoms of dementia in patients and interfere with degenerative properties.
  • the pathological process of the lesion plays a role in both the symptoms and the root causes.
  • di-ligand derivatives of meptazol at home and abroad.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing an optically pure (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivative and/or a salt thereof.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an excellent in vitro inhibitory activity of the above optically pure (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivative and/or a salt thereof for AChE and BChE, and a good inhibitory effect on AChE-induced ⁇ aggregation, And use for the treatment of degenerative diseases of the nervous system including dementia and dementia.
  • the invention uses (-)-mepitrol as an active unit, and uses computer-aided molecular docking method to design and synthesize (-)-methotone bis-ligand derivative to make it active with two active sites of the enzyme (The catalytic center and the peripheral anion sites act simultaneously, and the structure-activity relationship between the length and activity of the di-ligand linkage is studied. Look for new and more active AChE inhibitors to further develop the treatment of degenerative diseases and dementia in the nervous system with high therapeutic index and low side effects.
  • the (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivative of the present invention has a structural formula of (I.) -
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the present invention may be an acid addition to a pharmaceutically acceptable acid.
  • the salt may also be a base addition salt formed with a pharmaceutically acceptable base.
  • the present invention synthesizes the above (-)-metatol bis-indenyl steroid and its salts by the following preparation method, and the synthesis route is as shown in (II):
  • the inert solvent is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylformamide (DMF) or a mixture of the above solvents;
  • the haloformate is selected from the group consisting of chloroformic acid Ethyl ester, vinyl chloroformate, phenyl chloroformate or trichloroethyl chloroformate;
  • the base is selected from potassium hydrogencarbonate or sodium;
  • the hydrolysis reaction can be carried out in an aqueous sulfuric acid solution or a hydrazine hydrate solution or an aqueous tetrahydrofuran solution.
  • the inert solvent is preferably chloroform; the haloformate is preferably ethyl chloroformate; the base is preferably potassium hydrogencarbonate; and the hydrolysis reaction is preferably carried out under 50% aqueous sulfuric acid.
  • the inert solvent is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether, chloroform, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylformamide (DMF) or a mixture of the above solvents;
  • the base is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, triethyl Amine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), diisopropylethylamine, potassium carbonate or sodium, potassium hydroxide or sodium, and the like.
  • the diacid halide is selected from the group consisting of diacid chloride, diacid bromide and the like.
  • the inert solvent is preferably dichloromethane; the base is preferably triethylamine; the diacid halide is preferably diacid chloride. 3.
  • (-) - The preparation method of meptazol bis-derivative derivative (A is CH 2 , n is 2 ⁇ 12) is (-) demethylmethylmethazone in an inert solvent, the presence of a base Under the reaction with dihaloalkane.
  • the inert solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether, chloroform, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylformamide (DMF) or a mixture of the above solvents; Triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), diisopropylethylamine, potassium carbonate or sodium, potassium hydroxide or sodium, and the like.
  • the dihaloalkane is selected from the group consisting of dichloroanthracene, dibromoindole, diiodophosphonium and the like.
  • the inert solvent is preferably acetonitrile; the base is preferably triethylamine; and the diacid halide is preferably dibromoindole.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, etc., preferably tetrahydrofuran.
  • the obtained (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivative (A is CH 2 , !1 is 2 to 12) is formed with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid thereof, and the inorganic acid is hydrochloric acid. And one or more of hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and the organic acid is tartaric acid, acetic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, benzoic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, One or more of citric acid, gluconic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the like.
  • the salt obtained is an acid addition salt, which may be: hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, sulfate or hydrogen sulfate, phosphate or hydrogen phosphate, tartrate, acetate, Malay Acid salts, fumarates, benzoates, succinates, lactates, citrates, gluconates, methanesulfonates, besylates and p-toluenesulfonates.
  • an acid addition salt which may be: hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, sulfate or hydrogen sulfate, phosphate or hydrogen phosphate, tartrate, acetate, Malay Acid salts, fumarates, benzoates, succinates, lactates, citrates, gluconates, methanesulfonates, besylates and p-toluenesulfonates.
  • the resulting (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivative (A is CH 2 , n is 2 to 12) is a salt thereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable base thereof, the base comprising potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium and One or more of the calcium ion bases.
  • the salt obtained is a base addition salt such as a potassium salt, a sodium salt, a lithium salt, a magnesium salt, a calcium salt or the like.
  • the meptazol was prepared in accordance with the method of Chinese Patent No. CN200410017499.
  • Optically pure (-)-metraphenol is obtained according to the method provided in Chinese patent CN200610025390.3.
  • the present invention tests the in vitro AChE and BChE inhibitory activities of (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivatives and salts thereof.
  • acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzed by EUman colorimetric method The acid, choline reacts with sulfhydryl-based chromogenic reagent to form a yellow compound, and the number of choline is detected by colorimetric method.
  • the experimental principle of acetylcholinesterase activity is reflected by the amount of choline in the hydrolysate.
  • the kit instructions determine cholinesterase activity.
  • the AChE enzyme source was prepared by using 10% homogenization of rat brain tissue (made with physiological saline), and the BChE enzyme source was rat serum.
  • the reaction solution contains 200 L of enzyme solution (0.415 U/mL, 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 8.0), 300 Ellman color developer 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB). 3.3 mM (0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, H 7.0, containing NaHC0 3 6 mM) and 30 L enzyme inhibitor solution. After incubating at 37 ° C for 20 minutes, add thioacetylcholine iodide (300 ⁇ M in 0.05 mM or thiobutyroyl iodide (0.5 mM) as substrate.
  • enzyme solution 0.15 U/mL, 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 8.0
  • DTNB Ellman color developer 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
  • the optical density of the compound is measured at the wavelength, and the percentage of reduction calculated by comparison with the blank tube without the test compound is the enzyme inhibition rate.
  • the enzyme inhibition rate is determined by selecting the compound at six to seven concentrations, and the molar concentration of the compound is determined. The negative logarithm and the enzyme inhibition rate were linearly regressed, and the molar concentration at 50% inhibition was the IC 5 o value of the compound.
  • the Ming Ming increased by 1500 times and 150 times respectively.
  • the AChE selectivity is increased by 7 times and 9 times, respectively, compared with (-)-metoprol and the control drug.
  • ⁇ ⁇ 4 ⁇ peptide (Biosource) 2 was lyophilized in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), dissolved in DMSO, and added with 0.215 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) to prepare 230 ⁇ ⁇ test solution; ⁇ test solution 16-person recombinant AChE (Sigma-Aldrich) was added to prepare AChE- ⁇ test solution with AChE final concentration of 2.30 ⁇ ; 2 ⁇ was added to AChE- ⁇ test solution: test inhibitor was formulated into inhibitor-AChE- ⁇ test solution. The above test solution was incubated at room temperature for 48 h and the test was repeated twice. The formation of ⁇ deposition fibers was detected by Thioflavin T fluorescence.
  • HFIP hexafluoroisopropanol
  • Inhibition rate (:%) Inhibition rate (%) IC 5 o soil SEM compound linked chain atomic number
  • AChE and BChE Their inhibitory activities against AChE and BChE were higher than those of (-)-MetPhenol hydrochloride, and the activity of 5 compounds was increased by about 1000 times, while the most active (-)-metatol dipontide Derivatives (A is CH 2 , n is 9)
  • the inhibitory activities of hydrochloride on AChE and BChE are up to nanomolar (nM), which is 10,000 times higher than that of (-)-metatol hydrochloride and 1500, respectively. Times.
  • the (-)-metatol bis-ligand derivative and/or its salt of the present invention is a novel AChE inhibitor having dual inhibition of AChE and ⁇ aggregation, and is expected to be developed to have a high therapeutic index.

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Description

(-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类及其制备方法和用途
技术领域
本发明属制药领域, 涉及 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类及其制备方 法和用途。本发明具体涉及用于治疗包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)、帕金森氏症(PD) 在内的神经系统退行性疾病以及阿尔茨海默病 (AD)、 Lewy体痴呆(DLB) 和 血管性痴呆(VaD) 等多种痴呆症的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类及其 制备方法。
背景技术
美普他酚(Meptazinol), 分子式 C15¾3NO, 化学名为 3-(3-乙基 -1-甲基 -1H- 六氢氮杂卓 -3-基)苯酚, 是 1986年上市的镇痛药物,其镇痛活性与喷他佐辛、度 冷丁及右丙氧酚相当, 但比吗啡稍弱, 与其他阿片类镇痛药相比, 其呼吸抑制和 成瘾性等副作用极低,故不属 "麻药 "管理范畴。 已知美普他酚可适用于急慢性疼 痛, 如创伤、术后、产科和癌痛等, 特别用于分娩镇痛安全有效, 不影响新生儿 的健康。 上市后临床疗效可靠, 于 1998年为英国药典收载。
临床上使用的是盐酸美普他酚的外消旋体,有研究, 以光学纯的酒石酸或其 衍生物为拆分剂, 对外消旋美普他酚进行化学拆分获得光学纯美普他酚或其盐 类, 经毛细管电泳方法确证 e.e >99%, 左旋体通过单晶 X衍射确定了它的绝 对构型为 (3S)。 经小鼠脑乙酰胆碱酯酶 (Acetylcholinesterase, AChE)抑制活性测 定, (-) -美普他酚盐酸盐具备 AChE抑制的药理活性, 结果表明左旋体或其盐类 值得进行 AChE抑制剂的开发研究。
学习和记忆能力的丧失与前脑基底核和海马区胆碱能神经功能的下降有着 密切的联系。 以提高脑内乙酰胆華(Acetylcholine, ACh)水平和恢复胆碱能神经 传导为目的的治疗方法,能减轻 ^呆症状,提高学习记忆能力和认知水平。 AChE 抑制剂通过抑制 ACh水解来提高突触间的 ACh浓度, 改善学习记忆功能。
AChE抑制剂是目前 FDA批准用于治疗阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease, AD)的主要临床药物, 也被用于治疗包括帕金森氏症(PD)在内的其他神经系 统退行性疾病以及 Lewy体痴呆(DLB)和血管性痴呆 (VaD) 等其他痴呆症。 常规的 AChE抑制剂只能用于缓解病人的痴呆症状,不能从根本上阻止退行 性病变的发展。近几年,根据 AChE存在底部(三合一酶催化中心, Catalytic triad) 和口部 (外周阴离子位点, Peripheral anionic site, PAS)两个重要活性位点的特 点,设计和合成了许多活性提高的 AChE抑制剂双配基和双功能团衍生物,包括 双分子他克林,双分子石杉碱乙等。新近研究发现, 同时作用于 AChE催化位点 和外周阴离子位点的双位点抑制剂具有 AChE和 β淀粉样蛋白 (Αβ)沉积双重 抑制作用, 既能改善病人的痴呆症状, 又能干预退行性病变的病理过程,起到标 本兼治的作用。 而对于美普他酚的双配基衍生物, 目前国内外尚未有研究报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供光学纯 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其药学上可接 受的盐。
本发明的另一目的是提供光学纯 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类的 制备方法。
本发明的进一步目的是提供上述光学纯 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其 盐类对 AChE和 BChE优良的体外抑制活性, 对 AChE诱导的 Αβ聚集的良好抑 制作用, 以及用于包括 AD在内的神经系统退行性疾病和痴呆症的治疗的用途。
本发明以 (-)-美普他酚为活性单元, 运用计算机辅助分子对接方法, 设计和 合成了 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物, 使之与酶的两个活性部位 (催化中心和外周 阴离子位点)同时作用, 并研究双配基连接链长与活性的构效关系。寻找新的活 性更强的 AChE抑制剂, 以进一步开发成为治疗指数高、毒副作用小的神经系统 退行性疾病和痴呆症治疗药物。
本发明涉及的 (-)-美普他酚双配基衍生物具有( I. ) 的结构通式-
Figure imgf000004_0001
( I )
A为 C=0, C¾; n为 2~12;
本发明所述的药学上可接受的盐,可以是与药学上可接受的酸形成的酸加成 盐, 也可以是与药学上可接受的碱形成的碱加成盐。
本发明采用下述制备方法合成上述 (-) -美普他酚双配基 Ϊ生物及其盐类, 合 成路线如 ( II )所示:
Figure imgf000005_0001
1. (-) -美普他酚 N-去甲基的反应: (-) -美普他酚与卤甲酸酯在惰性溶剂中, 碱存在下反应制得中间体 (-) -N-烷氧甲酰基 -N-去甲基美普他酚,然后再通过水解 反应制得 (-) 去甲基美普他酚。
所述惰性溶剂选自四氢呋喃 (THF)、 氯仿、 二氯甲烷、 苯、 甲苯、 Ν,Ν-二 甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或者上述溶剂的混合物中; 所述卤甲酸酯选自氯甲酸乙酯、 氯甲酸乙烯酯、氯甲酸苯酯或者氯甲酸三氯乙酯; 所述碱选自碳酸氢钾或钠; 所 述水解反应可以在硫酸水溶液或水合肼溶液或四氢呋喃水溶液条件下进行。
所述惰性溶剂优选氯仿;所述卤甲酸酯优选氯甲酸乙酯;所述碱优选碳酸氢 钾; 所述水解反应优选 50%硫酸水溶液条件下进行。
2. (-) -美普他酚双配基酰胺衍生物(Α为 C=0, n为 2~12)的制备方法是, (-) -N-去甲基美普他酚在惰性溶剂中, 碱的存在下, 与二酰卤反应制得。
所述惰性溶剂选自四氢呋喃 (THF)、 乙醚、 氯仿、 二氯甲烷、 苯、 甲苯、 Ν,Ν-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或者上述溶剂的混合物; 所述碱选自吡啶、 三乙胺、 4-二甲氨基吡啶 (DMAP)、 二异丙基乙胺、 碳酸钾或钠、 氢氧化钾或钠等。 所 述二酰卤选自二酰氯、 二酰溴等。
所述惰性溶剂优选二氯甲烷; 所述碱优选三乙胺; 所述二酰卤优选二酰氯。 3. (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物(A为 CH2, n为 2~12)的制备方法是,(-) 去甲基美普他酚在惰性溶剂中, 碱的存在下, 与二卤代烷反应制得。
所述惰性溶剂选自乙腈、 四氢呋喃 (THF)、 乙醚、 氯仿、 二氯甲烷、 苯、 甲苯、 Ν,Ν-二甲基甲酰胺 (DMF)或者上述溶剂的混合物; 所述碱选自吡啶、 三乙胺、 4-二甲氨基吡啶 (DMAP)、 二异丙基乙胺、 碳酸钾或钠、 氢氧化钾或 钠等。 所述二卤代烷选自二氯代垸、 二溴代垸、 二碘代垸等。
所述惰性溶剂优选乙腈; 所述碱优选三乙胺; 所述二酰卤优选二溴代垸。
4. (-)-美普他酚双配基衍生物 (A为 CH2, n为 2~12) 的另一制备方法是, 由 (-)-美普他酚双配基酰胺衍生物(A为 C=0, n为 2~12)在干燥的醚类溶剂中 经氢化铝锂还原反应制得。
所述溶剂选自四氢呋喃 (THF)、 乙醚、 1,4-二氧六环等, 优选四氢呋喃。
5. 所得的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物(A为 CH2,!1为2~12)与其药学上可 接受无机酸或有机酸成盐, 所述的无机酸为盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、 硫酸、 磷酸 中的一种及一种以上的组合物,所述的有机酸为酒石酸、乙酸、马来酸、富马酸、 苯甲酸、琥珀酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、 葡糖酸、 甲磺酸、苯磺酸和对甲苯磺酸等中的 一种及一种以上的组合物。
所获得的盐为酸加成盐, 可以是: 盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硫酸盐或 硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐或磷酸氢盐、 酒石酸盐、 乙酸盐、 马来酸盐、富马酸盐、 苯甲 酸盐、琥珀酸盐、 乳酸盐、柠檬酸盐、葡糖酸盐、 甲磺酸盐、 苯磺酸盐和对甲苯 磺酸盐等。
所得的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物(A为 CH2, n为 2~12)与其药学上可接 受的碱成盐, 所述的碱包含钾、钠、锂、镁和钙离子碱中的一种及一种以上的组 合物。
获得的盐为碱加成盐, 如钾盐、 .钠盐、 锂盐、 镁盐、 钙盐等。
所述美普他酚按照中国专利 CN200410017499的方法制备。 光学纯 (-) -美普 他酚根据中国专利 CN200610025390.3提供的方法获得。
本发明对 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物及其盐类进行体外 AChE和 BChE抑制 活性测试。
实验方法:
采用 EUman比色法测定, 根据乙酰胆碱酯酶水解乙酰胆碱, 生成胆碱及乙 酸,胆碱与巯基显色剂反应生成黄色化合物, 比色法检测胆碱数量,从而以水解 产物胆碱的数量反映乙酰胆碱酯酶活力的实验原理,按南京建成生物技术有限公 司提供的 AChE试剂盒说明书测定胆碱酯酶活性。 AChE酶源采用大鼠脑组织 10 %匀桨 (加生理盐水制成), BChE酶源采用大鼠血清。
反应液内含 200 L酶液 (0.415 U/mL, 0.1 M磷酸钠缓冲液, pH 8.0), 300 Ellman显色剂 5,5'-二硫代双 (2-硝基苯甲酸) (DTNB)3.3 mM(0.1 M磷酸钠缓冲液, H 7.0, 含 NaHC03 6 mM)和 30 L酶抑制剂溶液。 于 37°C保温 20分种后, 加 入碘化硫代乙酰胆碱 (0.05 mM水溶液 300μΙ或碘化硫代丁酰胆碱 (0.5 mM)作为 底物。 用紫外分光光度计在 25°C吋 412 nm波长下测定化合物的光密度, 与不 加待测化合物的空白管比较计算得出的降低百分率即为酶抑制率。选择化合物的 六至七个浓度测定其酶抑制率,并以该化合物摩尔浓度的负对数与酶抑制率进行 线性回归, 求得 50%抑制时的摩尔浓度即为该化合物的 IC5o值。
AChE和 BChE抑制活性测试结果:
(-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物(A=C¾, n=2~12)盐酸盐对 AChE和 BChE的 抑制活性均较 体 (-)-美普他酚有不同程度的提高。 当连接原子数 n<9 时, 对 AChE的抑制活性随着连接原子数的增加而提高; 当连接原子数 n>9时, 活性随 连接原子数增加而降低; 当连接原子数 n=9时, 活性最强 (IC5()=3.9 nM), 比 (-) - 美普他酚和对照药物利斯的明分别提高 10,000倍和 1400倍。对 BChE的抑制活 性受连接链的影响较小, 不过仍是连接原子数 n=9时, 活性最强 (IC5o= 10 nM), 比 (-) -美普他酚和对照药物利斯的明分别提高 1500倍和 150倍。而且当连接原子 数 n=9时, AChE选择性分别比 (-) -美普他酚和对照药物利斯的明提高 7倍和 9 倍。
表 1是 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物 (A=CH2, n=2〜12)对大鼠脑勾浆中 AChE 和大鼠血清 BChE的抑制活性。
表 1.
化合物 IC50 (nM)
连接原子数 • AChE选择性
(-) -美普他酚双配基 鼠脑 AChE 鼠血清 BChE
(A=CH2, n=2) 2 43000+20000 125±9 0.0029
(A=CH2, n=3) 3 42000±14000 132±51 0.0031
(A=CH2, n=4) 4 21400±7600 104±29 0.0049
(A=CH2, n=5) 5 4000±1000 192±41 0.048
(A=CH2, n=6) 6 1220±20 119±20 0.098
(A=CH2, n=7) 7 270±70 102±19 0.38 (A=CH2, n=8) 8 79±19 63±8 0.80
(A=C¾ n=9) 9 3.9±1.3 10±3 2.6
(A=CH2, n=10) 10 9.5±4.5 17±6 1.8
(A=CH2, n=ll) 11 24±8 74±11 3.1
(A=C¾, n=12) 12 42±20 100±55 2.4 利斯的明 5500±1500 1600±30 0.29
(-) -美普他酚 41000±14000 15000±4000 0.37 本发明对 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物(A=CH2, n=8~10)及其盐类进行抑制 AChE诱导的 Αβ聚集的活性测试。
实验方法:
ΑβΙ4ο肽 (Biosource) 2 于六氟异丙醇 (HFIP)中冻干后溶解在 DMSO中,加 0.215 M磷酸钠缓冲液 (pH 8.0)配制成 230 μΜ的 Αβ试液; Αβ试液中加入 16 人重组 AChE (Sigma-Aldrich)配制成 AChE终浓度为 2.30 μΜ的 AChE-Αβ试液; AChE-Αβ试液中加入 2 μΐ:供试抑制剂配制成抑制剂 -AChE-Αβ试液。 上述试液 室温孵育 48 h, 重复测试两次。 Αβ沉积纤维的形成用硫磺素 T荧光法检测。
孵育结束, 加入含 1.5 μΜ硫磺素 T (Sigma-AWricli)的 50 mM甘氨酸 -NaOH 缓冲液 (pH 8.5)稀释成 2.0 mL。 荧光检测, 激发波长和发射波长分别为 446 nm 和 490 nm。计算抑制剂在不同浓度下对 AChE诱导 Αβ聚集的抑制百分率,计算 公式: 100- (IFi/IF。 X 100), IFi和 IFo分别表示抑制剂 -AChE-Αβ试液和 AChE-Αβ 试液的荧光强度。 记录抑制曲线, 进行回归分析, 并计算 IC5o值。
抑制 Αβ聚集的实验结果:
(-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物 (A=CH2, n=9~10)对 AChE诱导的 Αβ聚集具有明 显的抑制, IC5Q值分别为 79 μΜ和 83 μΜ, 比对照药物碘化丙啶 (IC5()=159 μΜ) 强两倍。
表 2是 (-)-美普他酚双配基衍生物 (A=CH2, n=8~10)对 AChE诱导的 Αβ聚集 的抑制作用。
表 2.
抑制率 (:%) 抑制率(%) IC5o土 SEM 化合物 连接链原子数
ΙΟΟμΜ士 SEM 400μΜ土 SEM (μΜ) 碘化丙啶 16.7±4.4 79.2+5.9 158.6+1.4
(-) -ΜΕΡ nd* 0 nd*
(A=CH2,n=8) 8 0 0.15±0.2 nd*
(A=CH2, n=9) 9 74.4+4.3 91.7±3.6 79.4+1.4
(A=CH2, n=10) 10 66.6±1.7 81.8±1.2 83.4+1.2 nd:未测试. 经体外胆碱酯酶抑制活性和 AChE诱导的 Αβ聚集抑制实验证实, (-) -美普他 酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类是具有 AChE和 Αβ聚集双重抑制作用的新型双分子 抑制剂。 它们对 AChE和 BChE的抑制活性均较 (-) -美普他酚盐酸盐有提高, 其 中 5个化合物活性提高 1000倍左右,而活性最强的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物 ( A 为 CH2, n为 9) 盐酸盐对 AChE和 BChE的抑制活性均达到纳摩尔级(nM), 比 (-) -美普他酚盐酸盐分别提高 1万倍和 1500倍。 Αβ聚集抑制实验结果表明, (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物 (A=CH2, n=9~10)对 AChE诱导的 Αβ聚集的抑制强度 比对照药物碘化丙啶强两倍。 由此可见, 本发明涉及的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生 物和 /或其盐类是新型的具有 AChE和 Αβ聚集双重抑制作用的 AChE抑制剂,有 望被开发成为治疗指数高、毒副作用小的、包括 AD在内的神经系统退行性疾病 和痴呆症的治疗药物。
附图说明
图 1是. (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物 (A=C¾, n=2~12)对鼠脑 AChE和 BChE 的抑制活性与连接原子数的构效关系。
具体实施方式
下面用制备实施例进一步说明本发明, 但不限制本发明。
实施例 1 (-)-N-去甲基美普他酚的制备
(-)美普他酚 20.9 g (89.70 mrnol), KHC03157 g (1.57 mol), 氯仿 2000 ml混 合, 40 °C加入氯甲酸苯酯 97 ml (0.77 mol), 回流反应 3 hr。放冷, 加水 1000 ml, 分液, 氯仿层浓缩得浅黄色油状物。 油状物溶解在 1400 ml甲醇中, 加入 K2C03 138 g (1 mol) 的 1000 ml水溶液,氮气保护下室温反应 18hr。滴加 6N HC1 (270 ml) 调节 pH至 5, 减压浓缩蒸去甲醇, 加乙醚 1200 ml、 800 ml提取, 合并醚层, 无 水 Na2S04干燥。 过滤, 蒸除溶剂, 得棕黄色油状物 34 g。 硅胶柱层析分离, 含 乙醚-氯仿溶液梯度洗脱, 得 (-) N-去甲基 -N-苯氧甲酰基美普他酚 29 g, 浅黄色油 状物, 收率 95%。
(-) N-去甲基 -N-苯氧甲酰基美普他酚 22 g (64.9 mrnol)和 85%水合肼 170 ml (2.98 mol)混合, N2保护下回流反应 4hr。 冷却, 加水 200 ml, 乙醚 600 ml, 200 mlx2提取, 合并有机层, 无水 N S04干燥。过滤, 浓缩至干, 得棕黄色油状物 21 go 硅胶柱层析纯化, 洗脱剂乙醇-氯仿梯度洗脱, 所得 (-) -去甲基美普他酚为 一白色至黄色油状物 6.07 g, 收率 43 %。
1H MR (DMSO-d6) 9.42 (H, s, OH), 7.16 (H, t), 6.74-6.65 (3H, m), 3.49 (H, d), 3.21 (H, d), 3.08-3.00 (2H, m), 2.14 (H, m), 1.77-1.55 (7H, m), 0.49 (3H, t)
LC-MS (ESI) 220.1 [M+l]+ 实施例 2 同法可制备化合物(A=CH2, 11=2〜3和6〜12)及其盐酸盐
N,N'-(1,9-亚壬基) -双 -(-)- N-去甲美普他酚盐酸盐的制备
(-) -N-去甲基美普他酚 0.89 g (4.06 mmol)热溶解在 11 m 1乙腈中, 加入三乙 胺 1.13 ml (8.12 mmol),加入 1,9-二溴壬烷 423 μΙ (2·03 mmol),回流反应 2小时。 冷却, 蒸除溶剂, 加饱和碳酸钠溶液 10 ml, 氯仿 20 ml, 10 ml><3提取。 合并氯 仿层, 适量无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤, 浓缩到干得棕色油状物 1.60 g, 硅胶柱层析 分离,洗脱剂 (乙酸乙酯:石油醚 = 1:2),得浅黄色油状物 0.71 g, 收率 62.3%。
上述产物 0.67 g溶解在 20 ml无水乙醚中, pH 9, 过滤, 滤液滴加无水 HC1- 乙醚溶液 10.6 ml, 调节 pH至 4, 析出白色粉末。 过滤, 少量无水乙醚洗, 放入 P205干燥器真空干燥,放置过夜,得到白色粉末 0.62 g,收率 81.9 % , mp.ll8〜 124 °C, [a]D=-39.13 ° (c=0.32, MeOH)。
1HNMR (DMSO-d6) 10.10 (brs, 1/2H, Nlf,重水交换消失), 9.95 (brs, 1/2H, NH+,重水交换消失), 9.56-9.44 (m, 2H, Ar-OH,重水交换消失), 8.41 (brs, 1/2H, NH",重水交换消失), 8.34 (brs, 1/2H, 重水交换消失), 7.19-7.11 (m, 2H, Ar-H), 6.84-6.64 (m, 6H, Ar-H), 3.82 (d, H, J-14.09 Hz, N-CH2), 3.53 (d, H, J=13.7 Hz, N-CH2), 3.38-3.27 (m, 3H, N-CH2), 3.15-3.04 (m, 7H, N-C¾), 2.38-2.32 (m, H, CH2), 2.10-2.01 (m, 3H, CH2), 1.79-1.70 (m, 12H, CH2), 1.54-1.27 (m, 14H, C¾), 0.47 (t, 6H, C¾)
LC-MS (ESI) [M+l]+ 563.5; [M+2]2+ 282.3 实施例 3 同法可制备化合物 (A=CO, n=4〜5)
N,N'-(1,4-丁二酰基) -双 -(-)- N-去甲美普他酚的制备
(-) _N_去甲基美普他酚 1.45 g (6.63 mmol)溶解在 25ml无水二氯甲烷中,加无 水三乙胺 1.84 ml (12.23 mmol)。 冰盐浴冷却下, 缓慢滴加丁二酰氯 382 μΐ (3.30 mmol)的 10 ml无水二氯甲烷溶液, 温度控制在〜 0Ό。 滴加完毕, 0°C搅拌 15分 钟。 用水 5ml、— 2N HC1 5ml和水 5 ml洗涤。 水层合并, 用二氯甲烷 10 mlx3提 取, 合并二氯甲烷层, 适量无水硫酸钠干燥。 过滤, 蒸除溶剂得到墨绿色泡沬 1.85 g,硅胶柱层析,石油醚-乙酸乙酯剃度洗脱, 得到产品为浅黄颗粒晶 0.73 g, 收率 41.4 % , mp ll7~120 °C。
^NMR (DMSO-d6) 8.79 (s, 2H, Ar-OH,重水交换消失), 7.19 (t, 2H, Ar-H), 6.78-6.70 (m, 6H, Ar-H), 4.88 (d, 2H,
Figure imgf000011_0001
Hz, J2=6.23 Hz, N-CH2), 3.08 (d, 2H, J=15.03 Hz, N-C¾), 2.91 (t, 2H, J=11.73 Hz, N-CH2), 2.83 (d, 2H, J=13.56 Hz, N-CH2), 2.39 (dm, 2H, J=7.7 Hz, CH2), 2.33 (d, 2H, J=13.2 Hz, N-CH2), 1.82-1.48 (m, 14H, CH2), 0.68 (t, 6H, J=7.33 Hz, CH3)
LC-MS (ESI) [M+l]+ 521.3 实施例 4 同法可制备化合物(A=CH2, n=4〜5 ) 及其盐酸盐
N,N,-(1,4-亚丁基) -双- (-) - N-去甲美普他酚盐酸盐的制备
在无水 THF15 ml中加入 LiAl¾粉末 0.20 g ( 5.26 mmol), 冰水浴冷却下, 缓慢滴入 N,N'-(1,4-丁二酰基) -双 -(-)-N-去甲基美普他酚 0.56 g ( 1.08 mmol) 的 15 1^无水11^溶液, 回流反应 l hr。 冷却, 依次滴加 0.28 1111水的3 1111丁1^溶 液、 15 % NaOH溶液 0.28 ml、 7_K 0.84 ml。 过滤, 滤液浓缩到干, 加水 15 ml, 氯仿 30ml,滴加 10% N C1水溶液 1.5 ml,调节 pH 9。水层用氯仿 10mlx4提 取, 合并有机层, 适量无水硫酸钠干燥。 过滤, 蒸除溶剂得橙色油状物 0.55 g, 硅胶柱层析(洗脱剂 甲醇:氯仿)纯化得橙色油状产品 0.19 g, 收率 35.8 %。
N,N,-(1,4-亚丁基) -双- (-) -(N-去甲基美普他酚) 0.19 g加无水乙醚 20ml溶解, 滴加无水 HC1-乙醚溶液 2.2 ml,析出类白色粉末。过滤,少量无水乙醚洗, P205 干燥器真空干燥过夜,得盐酸盐 0.12 g,收率 55 %, mp.l lO〜115 °C , [cc]D=-51.96° (c=0.092, MeOH)o
1HNMR (DMSO-d6) 9.98 (brs, 1/2 H, NH+,重水交换消失), 9.77 (brs, 1/2 H, Νίί, 重水交换消失), 9.56-9.43 (m, 2H, Ar-OH,重水交换消失), 8.46 (brs, 1H, l ,重 水交换消失), 7.21-7.13 (m, 2H, Ar-H), 6.85-6.65 (m, 6H, Ar-H), 3.83 (t, H, J=13.3Hz, N-CH2), 3.52 (t, H, J=13.7, N-CH2), 3.36-3.15 (m, 10H, N-CH2), 2.38 (m, H, CH2), 2.10-1.46 (m, 19H, C¾), 0.49 (t, 6H, CH3)
LC-MS (ESI) [M+l]+ 493.3 [M+2]2+ 247.2

Claims

权利要求
1、 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 具有如下的结构通式:
Figure imgf000012_0001
其中: A为 C=0或 CH2; n为 2~12。
2、 按权利要求 1所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其特征在 于所述的衍生物, A为 C=0。
3、 按权利要求 1 所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其特征在 于所述的衍生物, A为 CH2
4、 按权利要求 3 所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其特征在 于所述的衍生物, A为 CH2, n为 9。
5、 权利要求 2所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类的制备方法, 其特征在于所述的衍生物由 (-) -N-去甲基美普他酚与二酰卤反应制得。
6、 权利要求 3所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类的制备方法, 其特征在于所述的衍生物由 (-) -N-去甲基美普他酚与二卤代烷反应制得。
7、 权利要求 3所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其特征在于 所述的衍生物由 A为 C=0的 (-) -美普他酚双配基 生物经氢化铝锂还原反应制 得。
8、 权利要求 1或 3或 4所述的 (-)-美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其 特征在于所述盐类由 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物与药学上可接受的无机酸或有机 酸成酸加成盐。
9、 权利要求 1至 4之一所述的 美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其 特征在于所述盐类由 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物与药学上可接受的碱成碱加成
10、 按权利要求 8所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其特征在 于所述无机酸为盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硫酸、瞵酸中的一种及一种以上的组合 物, 所述的有机酸为酒石酸、 乙酸、 马来酸、 富马酸、 苯甲酸、 琥珀酸、 乳酸、 柠檬酸、 葡糖酸、 甲磺酸、 苯磺酸和对甲苯磺酸中的一种及一种以上的组合物。
11、 按权利要求 9所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类, 其特征在 于所述的药学上可接受的碱为包含钾、钠、锂、镁和钙离子碱中的一种及一种以 上的组合物。
12、 按权利要求 1所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类在制备治疗 神经系统退行性疾病和痴呆症药物中的用途。
13、 按权利要求 12所述的 (-) -美普他酚双配基衍生物和 /或其盐类在制备治 疗神经系统退行性疾病和痴呆症药物中的用途,其特征在于所述的神经系统退行 性疾病包括阿尔茨海默症和帕金森氏症,所述的痴呆症包括阿尔茨海默症、 Lewy 体痴呆和血管性痴呆。
PCT/CN2007/002243 2006-07-27 2007-07-24 Meptazinol biligand derivatives and/or their salts, preparation method and uses thereof WO2008019572A1 (en)

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CN102816151B (zh) * 2011-06-09 2014-09-17 上海市计划生育科学研究所 左旋美普他酚衍生物、其制备方法和其制药用途
CN105622509B (zh) * 2014-11-06 2017-12-29 复旦大学 左旋美普他酚茚酮衍生物和/或其盐类及其制备方法和用途
CN106316954B (zh) * 2015-06-24 2018-11-20 上海市计划生育科学研究所 制备光学纯(+)-或(-)-n-去甲基美普他酚的方法

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US8232270B2 (en) 2012-07-31
CN101037430A (zh) 2007-09-19
JP2009544633A (ja) 2009-12-17
JP5118696B2 (ja) 2013-01-16
EP2048134B1 (en) 2015-09-23
US20100035861A1 (en) 2010-02-11
CN101037430B (zh) 2012-08-01

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