WO2007145247A1 - 液晶組成物、カラーフィルタ及び液晶表示装置、位相差層形成方法 - Google Patents
液晶組成物、カラーフィルタ及び液晶表示装置、位相差層形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
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- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
- C09K19/322—Compounds containing a naphthalene ring or a completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalene ring
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- C09K19/38—Polymers
- C09K19/3833—Polymers with mesogenic groups in the side chain
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/38—Polymers
- C09K19/3833—Polymers with mesogenic groups in the side chain
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
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- C09K2219/00—Aspects relating to the form of the liquid crystal [LC] material, or by the technical area in which LC material are used
- C09K2219/03—Aspects relating to the form of the liquid crystal [LC] material, or by the technical area in which LC material are used in the form of films, e.g. films after polymerisation of LC precursor
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- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/031—Polarizer or dye
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- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/033—Silicon compound, e.g. glass or organosilicon
Definitions
- Liquid crystal composition, color filter and liquid crystal display device, method of forming retardation layer Liquid crystal composition, color filter and liquid crystal display device, method of forming retardation layer
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition, a color filter and a liquid crystal display device having a retardation layer made of the liquid crystal composition, and a method for forming a retardation layer.
- liquid crystal display devices have a great advantage of being thin and light-weight and low power consumption, and thus are actively used in display devices such as personal computers, mobile phones, electronic notebooks and the like. These liquid crystal display devices switch light by utilizing the birefringence of the driving liquid crystal. Therefore, depending on the viewing angle derived from the birefringence of the driving liquid crystal in the liquid crystal display device! / There is a plagiarism problem.
- Various retardation layer forming films have been developed to solve this problem. This retardation layer-forming film is usually produced by stretching a film of polyarylate, polycarbonate, triacetyl cellulose or the like, and is installed on the outside of the liquid crystal cell.
- the above-mentioned retardation layer-forming film is usually used by being attached to a substrate using a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the refractive index of the above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesive applied to a substrate is different from the refractive index of the retardation layer-forming film Therefore, there was a problem that diffuse reflection occurred on the display surface of the display.
- the retardation layer-forming film is attached to the outside of the substrate, there is a problem that the exposed film absorbs moisture and expands.
- the above-mentioned retardation layer-forming film it can not be patterned for forming a retardation layer according to the pixel size of the display, or the heat resistance is low. Problems such as changes in optical characteristics due to
- a method has been proposed in which a retardation layer is provided inside a liquid crystal cell using a liquid crystal material such as a crosslinkable liquid crystal or a polymer liquid crystal.
- the alignment film is formed in advance on the surface of the substrate on which the retardation layer is to be formed by a method such as rubbing method, photo alignment method, ion beam method and the like.
- a method of forming a retardation layer by applying a liquid crystal material to a material is employed. In this way By forming a facing film, it is possible to control the alignment of a liquid crystal material to be applied later (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 Furthermore, in the retardation layer in which the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is aligned vertically to the substrate (home port pick alignment), various alignment methods are studied in order to stabilize the alignment of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound.
- Patent Document 3 On the other hand, with the aim of reducing the thickness of the display device and reducing the number of manufacturing steps, studies have also been made on a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound composition capable of obtaining home-opening pick alignment without using an alignment film.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-319408
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-240890
- Patent Document 3 JP 2004-524385
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound composition when the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound composition is directly coated on the substrate to form a retardation layer, there was a problem that sufficient homeo mouth pick orientation could not be obtained.
- the surface of the substrate in order to remove dirt such as dust on the surface of the substrate and improve the wettability of the surface of the substrate, the surface of the substrate may be subjected to a cleaning treatment or a modification treatment. In such a case, although the wettability of the surface of the substrate is improved, the properties of the surface of the substrate are changed, and when the retardation layer is formed thereon, the crosslinkability constituting the retardation layer is formed. There is a problem of disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal compound.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for forming a retardation layer which exhibits stable homeopick orientation without using an alignment film. is there. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition capable of forming a retardation layer which exhibits stable homeopick alignment without using an alignment film. In particular, even if the surface of the substrate is not good, such as when the properties of the surface of the substrate are changed due to cleaning treatment and Z or modification treatment of the surface of the substrate, the homeoto can be stabilized stably. Mouth pick distribution It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal composition capable of forming a retardation layer facing it. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a retardation color filter and a liquid crystal display formed using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention.
- the present invention is a liquid crystal composition containing a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound and an amino-based silane coupling agent, and when the phase difference layer is formed on the base material using this, the base material is used. It is based on the finding that it is possible to form a retardation layer which is stabilized on the surface to be home-oriented and pick-oriented.
- liquid crystal composition comprising one or more crosslinkable liquid crystal compounds and an amino silane coupling agent.
- liquid crystal composition of the present invention at least one of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compounds is contained in one molecule.
- It may have one or more (meth) ataryloyl groups.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention may further contain a photopolymerization initiator.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain a vertical alignment assistant.
- an amino-based silane coupling agent may be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight (relative to the compound)!
- liquid crystal composition of the present invention a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound having 99. 89 to 70% by weight (based on the composition) of the (meth) ataryloyl group described above, and 0.1 to 20% by weight (based on the combination).
- the amino-based silane coupling agent described above in terms of substance conversion) and the photopolymerization initiator in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight (relative to the composition) may be contained.
- the amino silane coupling agent may be a ketimine based silane coupling agent.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used to form a retardation layer which is home-oriented and pick-aligned.
- a color filter comprising a transparent substrate, directly or indirectly, at least a colored layer and a retardation layer, wherein the retardation layer is the above-mentioned It is formed by crosslinking and polymerizing the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention in a state in which the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is oriented in the direction perpendicular to the substrate surface.
- a color filter can be configured.
- the color filter is characterized in that the curing occurs when light is applied to the surface of a coating film formed by applying the liquid crystal composition directly onto a colored layer. Including.
- the entire or a part of the surface of the colored layer formed directly or indirectly on the transparent substrate is subjected to a washing treatment and Z or surface modification treatment, and the washing treatment and Z Alternatively, it includes one characterized in that the retardation layer is formed directly on the surface of the surface-modified colored layer.
- the color filter is placed on a polarizing microscope with two linear polarizers sandwiched between the color filters, and when the visible light is irradiated from one side of the linear polarizer, the color filter is transmitted.
- the transmission axis directions of the two linear polarizers are mutually different!
- the value of TonZToff may be 1000 or more, where Toff is the luminance measured in a state of being crossed with the eyelid, and Ton is a luminance measured in a state in which the transmission axis directions are parallel to each other.
- the color filter may have a retardation value force nm or less of visible light transmitted in a direction perpendicular to the substrate at an arbitrary point on the surface of the retardation layer.
- a plurality of spacers formed of a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition may be disposed at arbitrary intervals directly or indirectly on the retardation layer. It may be formed.
- the color filter including at least a colored layer and a retardation layer
- a liquid crystal driving substrate including at least a liquid crystal driving electrode on a transparent substrate, the retardation layer and the liquid crystal driving electrode
- the liquid crystal display device can be configured by sealing the liquid crystal material for driving between the color filter and the liquid crystal driving substrate by facing each other.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is a method of forming a retardation layer vertically aligned using a crosslinkable liquid crystal composition containing one or more crosslinkable liquid crystal compounds, wherein the crosslinkable liquid crystal composition
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal composition to which the amino-based silane coupling agent is added is coated directly on the upper surface of the substrate to form a coating film, and the above-mentioned V Crosslinking polymerization in the state where the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound present in the coating film is vertically aligned
- the gist of the invention is a method of forming a retardation layer, which comprises curing the coating film.
- the base material is a base material on which a colored layer is formed directly or indirectly on a transparent substrate, and the amino-based silane is formed on the upper surface of the colored layer.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal composition to which the coupling agent is added may be applied directly.
- the entire surface or a part of the surface of the colored layer is subjected to cleaning treatment and Z or surface modification treatment in advance.
- the surface of the coating film is irradiated with light to crosslink and polymerize the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound.
- Liquid crystal composition is a composition comprising at least a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound and an amino-based silane coupling agent, and further containing another substance used to form a retardation layer (mixed form).
- composition means both a composition in the form of a solution prepared by dissolving or suspending the above mixture in a solvent (solution form composition).
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention which is the “composition in solution state” described above, is also conveniently referred to as “liquid crystal composition solution”.
- (meth) ataryloyl group is used as a generic term for the two functional groups “ataryloyl group” and "metataloyl group”.
- the ataloyl group include an atalylate group (acryloyloxy group), and a metatalloyl group includes a metatarylate group.
- the equivalent to the composition is the total weight of each compound blended as a substance constituting the mixed form composition. If the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is a solution in which the above composition is dissolved or mixed with a solvent, the weight ratio of each composition is taken into account. The weight ratio is the weight ratio of each formulation to the weight of the solvent minus the weight of the solvent (ie, the total weight of each formulation before being dissolved or suspended in the solvent).
- the “retardation layer” means a layer having a retardation control function that can be optically compensated for changes in retardation (retardation) of light.
- the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules constituting the retardation layer is relative to the substrate surface. Stand up vertically or nearly vertically, and the orientation state! Further, “the retardation layer is in a homeomorphic orientation” is a state in which the liquid crystal molecular force constituting the retardation layer is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface.
- ideal vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules (home-opening pick alignment) is defined as the refractive index in the X-axis direction nx assuming that the thickness direction of the retardation layer is the z-axis and xyz orthogonal coordinates are assumed.
- the retardation value is less than nm, preferably less than 3.5 nm, and more preferably The case of 3 nm or less is said.
- an amino-based silane coupling agent is further added to a liquid crystal composition containing a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound, and this is directly coated on the upper surface of a substrate to form a coating film. Form. Then, by curing the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound present in the coating film in a vertically aligned state, it is possible to provide a retardation layer in which the homeostatic pick is stably aligned. Therefore, it is not necessary to previously form an alignment film on the upper surface of the substrate.
- the method of the present invention even when a retardation layer is formed on the upper surface of a substrate such as a transparent substrate or a colored layer, it is possible to stably form a retardation layer with home port pick alignment.
- a retardation layer is formed on the upper surface of a substrate such as a transparent substrate or a colored layer.
- the homeotropic liquid crystal compound forming the retardation layer is used. It does not disturb the mouth pick orientation.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is formed by adding a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound and an amino-based silane coupling agent.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is applied to the surface of a substrate or the like having a colored layer formed on a glass substrate to form a coating film, and the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound present in the coating film is oriented and cured.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal composition can be stably and vertically aligned without the presence of an alignment film.
- the orientation of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the composition by using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is possible to form a retardation layer that can be stably and home-oriented and pick-oriented without disturbing the
- the liquid crystal composition contains a ketimine-based silane coupling agent. Therefore, it is possible to provide a dramatically superior phase difference for transparency.
- the transparency of the retardation layer is very high, so high contrast is realized. It is possible to provide higher quality images.
- the retardation layer excellent in the alignment stability exhibits an excellent retardation function and greatly contributes to the viewing angle improvement effect. That is, the color filter of the present invention provided with the retardation layer has no light leakage when observed with a polarizing microscope by being sandwiched between polarizing plates placed in a cross-cork state, when the color filter is used in a liquid crystal display device It can provide high quality display.
- the liquid crystal cell can provide a very excellent display when the luminance specific force is 1000 or more. it can.
- the color filter of the present invention exhibiting a retardation value of 4 nm or less is preferable because particularly good homeostatic pick orientation can be obtained.
- liquid crystal display device using the color filter of the present invention having the above effects exhibits stable and excellent viewing angle improvement effects.
- the retardation layer formed using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention also exhibits an effect of excellent adhesion to a substrate. For this reason, a color filter having a retardation layer formed of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, when used in a liquid crystal display device, is less likely to deteriorate with time and has a viewing angle improving effect superior to that of the liquid crystal display device It is given.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a color filter of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 A surface photograph of a color filter without light leakage when light leakage of a color filter is observed in a cross-coll state.
- FIG. 3 A surface photograph of a color filter with light leakage when light leakage of the color filter is observed in the cross-coll state.
- FIG. 4 A diagram showing the direction of phase difference measurement of a sample.
- FIG. 5 The graph showing the relationship between the measurement angle and the retardation of the retardation layer which is home-oriented by picking is there.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the measurement angle of the retardation layer and the retardation with the homeo mouth pick orientation.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a liquid crystal display device using a color filter of the present invention.
- a crosslinkable nematic liquid crystal can be used as the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound used for the crosslinkable liquid crystal composition of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "liquid crystal composition").
- the crosslinkable nematic liquid crystal include monomers, oligomers, polymers and the like having, in one molecule, at least one polymerizable group such as a (meth) ataloyl group, an epoxy group, an oxacene group, and an isocyanate group.
- crosslinkable liquid crystal compound one compound or a mixture of two or more of the compounds represented by the general formula (1) shown in the following chemical formula 1 or the general formula (2) shown in the following chemical formula 2 It is possible to use one compound or a mixture of two or more of the compounds shown in Chemical formula 3 or Chemical formula 4, or a mixture of these.
- at least one crosslinkable nematic liquid crystal compound constituting the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the present invention has one or more (meth) ataryloyl groups in one molecule.
- an amino based silane coupling agent is further added to a liquid crystal composition containing a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound.
- a retardation layer is formed on the surface of a substrate using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound constituting the retardation layer can be favorably aligned in the direction perpendicular to the substrate surface. It is.
- the mechanism by which the above-mentioned good vertical alignment is realized is not clear. The following points will be considered with regard to the above mechanism.
- the coating is dispersed in the coating and the above-mentioned amino silane coupling agent is present.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound constituting the above-mentioned coating film is favorably vertically aligned due to the presence of the silane coupling agent.
- the silane coupling agent is not limited to the orientation of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound present in the interface region between the coating film and the substrate or the interface region between the coating film and the air layer. It also has a good effect on the orientation of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound present in the middle region of the coating.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound present in the middle region of the coating film Shows good homeo mouth pick orientation due to the presence of the above silane coupling agent.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound existing in the interface region between the coating film and the substrate and the interface region between the coating film and the air layer, which is controlled by the good homeostatic orientation of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the intermediate region is also good. It is believed that the homeo mouth pick orientation.
- CH 2 CHC 3 ⁇ 4 (CH 2 ) 4 0
- R 1 and R 2 each represent hydrogen or a methyl group. In order to broaden the temperature range in which the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound exhibits a liquid crystal phase, it is preferred that at least one of R 1 and R 2 is hydrogen and both are hydrogen .
- X in the general formula (1) and Y in the general formula (2) are each of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a methoxy group, a cyano group or a -tro group. May be In particular, the above X and the above Y are preferably chlorine or methyl.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) have an alkylene group between the (meth) allaryloxy group located at both ends of the molecular chain and the aromatic ring located in the middle.
- Each of a and b indicating the chain length of the above-mentioned alkylene group and d and e can be independently determined individually as integers in the range of 2 to 12, and preferably in the range of 4 to 10 More preferably, it is in the range of 6-9.
- the crosslinkable material of the present invention an oligomer of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound, a polymer of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound, and the like can be appropriately selected and used from those conventionally used.
- the amount of retardation and the alignment characteristic of the retardation layer are determined by the birefringence ⁇ of liquid crystal molecules and the thickness of the retardation layer.
- the ⁇ of the above-mentioned crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is preferably about 0. 03-0. 20, and more preferably about 0. 05 to 0. 15!
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is contained in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention in an amount of 70% by weight (relative to the composition) or preferably 75% by weight (relative to the compound). Is preferred.
- the addition amount to 70% by weight (relative to the compound) By setting the addition amount to 70% by weight (relative to the compound), the liquid crystallinity can be improved, and the occurrence of alignment failure of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the retardation layer can be reduced to a negligible extent.
- the addition of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is 70% by weight or more (relative to the composition)
- the viewpoint of the alignment of the liquid crystal compound is not particularly problematic. Therefore, the balance with the compounding amount of the other additives in the liquid crystal composition can be adjusted, and the additive amount of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound can be appropriately determined within the range of 70% by weight (relative to the composition conversion). .
- some! / ⁇ add a further additive for giving a specific function to the retardation layer formed using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention.
- the amount of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound to be added is not limited to the above range. If possible, consider the addition amount of other additives and determine the addition amount of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound as appropriate.
- a silane coupling agent having an amino group as a functional group in its molecular structure that is, an amino based silane coupling agent is used.
- the amino-based silane coupling agent used in the present invention includes, in addition to the so-called primary amine, secondary amine, and compounds classified as tertiary amine, “in the molecule, the amino group is reversibly Also included are compounds having a masked structure.
- specific examples of the “compound having a structure in which an amino group is reversibly masked in the molecule” include a silane based silane coupling agent.
- the “structure in which the amino group is reversibly masked” specifically includes a ketimine structure.
- ketimine structure Is a structure formed by reacting the ketone group in the compound having a ketone group with the amino group in the compound having a primary amino group.
- Examples of the above-mentioned amino-based silane coupling agent include N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-amino-pyl-pylmethyldimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Co., Ltd. KBM-602, Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd. TSL 8345), N — 2 (Aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Co., Ltd. KB M-603, Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd. TSL 8340), 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (Shin-Ek Co., Ltd. KBE) —603, Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.
- TSL8331 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Co., Ltd. KBM- 903), 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical KBE-903), 3- Triethoxysilyl-N-(1, 3-Dimethyl-butylidene) propylamine (Shin-Etsu Chemical KBE-9103), N-Fell-3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu KBM-573) And other amino-based silanes Coupling agent can be mentioned.
- the ketimine-based one is a ketimine-based one from the viewpoint of being able to form a retardation layer which is remarkably superior in transparency when the retardation layer is formed using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention.
- Silane coupling agent power is preferably used.
- two or more different silane coupling agents can be used in combination.
- a specific example of the above ketimine-based silane coupling agent is the above-described 3-triethoxysilyl-N- (1,3-dimethyl-butylidene) propylamine (Shin-Etsu KBE-9 103) 3-trimethoxysilylone-N- (getyl-monomethylidene) propylamine, 3-trimethoxysilyl-N- (1-ethyl-propylidene) propylamine, 3-trimethoxysilyl-N- (1-ethyl-pentylidene) propylamine, 3- Trimethoxysilyl-N- (1-methyl-butylidene) propylamine, 3-trimethoxysilyl-N- (1,3 dimethyl-butylidene) propylamine, 3-trimethoxysilyl-N- (2,2, dimethyl-pentene (Redidene) -pyl pyramine, 3-trimethoxysilylone N- (1
- the content of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is 0.01 to 20% by weight (based on the weight of the compound), preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight (based on the weight of the compound) Value), more preferably 0.01 to 2% by weight (with respect to the composition), particularly preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight (with respect to the compound).
- weight% when “weight%” is described without particular notice, it means a value equivalent to a combination in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention.
- the addition amount of the silane coupling agent to the liquid crystal composition is 20% by weight or less, the addition amount of the silane coupling agent in the retardation layer formed using the liquid crystal composition is It is possible to prevent the occurrence of alignment failure of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound due to being too large, and to suppress the decrease in the electrical reliability of the retardation layer to a negligible extent.
- the ratio of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound to the silane coupling agent used in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably 100: 5.5, more preferably 100: 1.1, particularly preferably 100: 1.5. It is 0.5.
- the liquid of the present invention A photopolymerization initiator can be further added to the crystal composition.
- the photopolymerization initiator directly coats the liquid crystal composition of the present invention on a substrate to form a coating, and then the coating is irradiated with light to cause crosslinking to be contained in the coating.
- the liquid crystal composition is crosslinked and polymerized to form a retardation layer, it functions as an initiator for polymerizing the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound.
- a radical polymerizable initiator can be used as the photopolymerization initiator.
- a radically polymerizable initiator is a compound that generates free radicals by the energy of ultraviolet light.
- radical polymerizable initiators examples include derivatives such as benzophenone derivatives such as benzoin and benzophenone, and esters thereof; xanthones and thioxanthone derivatives; chlorosulfonyl, chloromethyl polynuclear aromatic compounds, and crocoyl methyl heterocyclic compounds Halogen-containing compounds such as chloromethylbenzophenones; triazines; fluorenones; haloalkanes; redox couple of photoreducible dye and reducing agent; organic sulfur compounds; peroxides, etc. .
- photopolymerization initiators include Irgacure 1 184, Irgacure 1 369, Irgacure 1 651, Irgaqui Your 1 907 (all manufactured by Chinoku 'Specialty 1' Chemicals), Darrocure 1 (made by Merck Co., Ltd.) ), Aguer power 1717 (Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 2, 2-bis (o-chlorophenyl)-4, 5, 4-tetraphenyl-1, 2, 2-biimidazole (manufactured by Kurokin Kasei Co., Ltd.) Ketone compounds such as, biimidazole compounds and the like can be mentioned as preferable examples.
- photopolymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the case of using two or more kinds in combination, it is preferable to use in combination initiators having different absorption wavelengths so as not to inhibit each other's absorption spectral characteristics.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention containing the photopolymerization initiator is directly coated on a substrate to form a coating film, and then the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound present in the coating film is oriented, and then the light is applied.
- the coating film By irradiating the coating film with light of the photosensitive wavelength of the polymerization initiator, it is possible to satisfactorily crosslink the aligned crosslinkable liquid crystal compounds.
- the photopolymerization initiator in the liquid crystal composition is 0.01 to 15% by weight (relative to the composition), preferably 0.1 to 12% by weight (relative to the compound), more preferably Is 0.1 to 10% by weight (relative to the composition), particularly preferably 0.5 to 5 It is added so as to be 10% by weight (with respect to the composition).
- the weight ratio of the total of the photopolymerization initiators used is adjusted to be within the above numerical range.
- a polymerization inhibitor in addition to the photopolymerization initiator, a polymerization inhibitor may be added which can controllably control the polymerization rate to the extent that the purpose is not impaired.
- a sensitizer may be added to aid absorption of electromagnetic waves.
- the polymerization inhibitor for example, ⁇ benzoquinone, hydroquinone, p-t-butyl catechol, di-t-butyl 'paracresol, 2,4,6-t-t-butylphenol, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, a naphthol or acetoazine acetate Etc. can be used.
- the content of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound and the amino silane coupling agent in the present invention, and further the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited to the combination or the use thereof within the numerical range indicating the preferable content described above. It can be suitably adjusted depending on the type of the compound. For example, in the case of a liquid crystal composition of the present invention containing a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound having a (meth) ataloyl group, an amino silane coupling agent and a photopolymerization initiator, the amount contained in the liquid crystal composition Is a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound 99.
- the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight (based on the weight of the composition).
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used to form a retardation layer by direct application on a substrate, orientation, and crosslinking polymerization.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is particularly suitable as a liquid crystal composition solution in which a crosslinkable liquid crystal compound, an amino type silane coupling agent, etc. are dissolved in a solvent. Preferred to be used ⁇ .
- the above solvent solid components such as the above-mentioned crosslinkable liquid crystal compound, silane coupling agent and the like can be dissolved, and the performance of the counterpart material to be coated is not impaired. It is not particularly limited.
- the solvent include hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, n-butylbenzene, jetylbenzene and tetralin, and ethers such as methoxybenzene, 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
- -Amide-based solvents such as pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetoamide, etc., chloroform, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, tetrathioloethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, benzene, onolesobenzene Halogen solvents such as t-butyl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, glycerin, monoacetin, ethylene glycolonole, triethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethyl cellulose, alcohols such as butyl cellulose, phenol, etc.
- Halogen solvents such as t-butyl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, glycerin, monoacetin, ethylene glycolonole, triethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, eth
- phenols such as parachlorophenol alone or in combination of two or more.
- solvents which can be suitably used alone, hydrocarbon solvents, daryl monoether acetate solvents and the like can be mentioned.
- solvents as solvents which can be suitably used alone, hydrocarbon solvents, daryl monoether acetate solvents and the like can be mentioned.
- a solvent suitably used by mixing two or more kinds a combination of ethers or ketones and glycols may be mentioned.
- the concentration of the liquid crystal composition solution of the present invention varies depending on the solubility of the solid content contained in the composition and the desired thickness of the retardation layer formed using the liquid crystal composition solution, but usually 1 It is preferred to be prepared at a concentration of 60 to 60% by weight, in particular 3 to 40% by weight.
- the concentration can be determined by dividing the weight obtained by subtracting the weight of the solvent from the weight of the liquid crystal composition solution by the total weight of the liquid crystal composition solution and multiplying by 100. ⁇ About vertical alignment aid>
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is used to form a retardation layer in which home port pick alignment is performed on the upper surface of a substrate. That is, in the retardation layer, the above liquid crystal composition is directly coated on the upper surface of the substrate, and the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition is home-oriented by the following V, and cross polymerization is carried out in that state. It is formed by immobilizing. In the retardation layer formed in this manner, the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules is in the normal direction with respect to the retardation layer surface, and In the normal direction of the retardation layer, an extraordinary ray refractive index larger than the ordinary ray refractive index is shown. Such retardation layers are generally referred to as positive C plates.
- one of the excellent effects of the present invention is that even if the vertical alignment film is not provided on the upper surface of the substrate, it is possible to form a retardation layer in which the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound can be stably home-oriented. It can be mentioned. In order to obtain the above effects more advantageously, it is preferable to add a vertical alignment auxiliary to the liquid crystal composition to aid the homeo pick alignment.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal composition is more favorably obtained by the synergistic effect of mixing the above-mentioned vertical alignment auxiliary with the amino type silane coupling agent. It is believed that the orientation is metotropic. Although the specific mechanism of the synergetic effect is not yet clear, the present inventors found that at least a part of the amino silane coupling agent in the retardation layer formed by the liquid crystal composition is the above-mentioned vertical As a result of coupling with an alignment aid, a regulating force is exerted which causes the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound to be aligned in a homeostatic manner across the substrate interface region, air interface region and the entire intermediate region in the retardation layer. I guess that.
- vertical alignment auxiliary for example, surface coupling agent having vertically aligned alkyl chain or fluorocarbon chain such as lecithin or quaternary ammonium surfactant, HTAB (hexadecyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide), DMOAP (N, N-dimethyl-1-N-octadecyl- 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilyl chloride), N-perfluorobutylsulfo-l-3-aminopropyltrimethylammo-myoazide, long-chain alkyl alcohol or silane A polymer etc. can be mentioned.
- HTAB hexadecyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide
- DMOAP N, N-dimethyl-1-N-octadecyl- 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilyl chloride
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can provide a retardation layer formed by stably cross-linking the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound, and performing crosslinking polymerization in that state. Therefore, the color filter of the present invention provided with the retardation layer exhibits an excellent retardation function due to its orientation stability.
- the liquid crystal display device provided with the color filter of the present invention exhibits an excellent viewing angle improvement effect.
- the color filter of the present invention provided with the above retardation layer will be exemplarily described based on the drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a color filter 1 showing one embodiment of the present invention.
- Form color filter 1 For this purpose, first, the colored layer 3 is provided on the transparent substrate 2, and then the liquid crystal composition solution of the present invention is applied on the colored layer 3, and the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition solution is aligned and It is cured to form a retardation layer 4. Further, on the top surface of the retardation layer 4, a plurality of spacers 9 composed of a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition are arranged at an arbitrary interval to form the color filter 1 of the present invention. Ru. In the present invention, no protective layer is formed on the color filter 1 shown in FIG. 1.
- the present invention may be formed at an arbitrary position such as between the colored layer 3 and the retardation layer 4 or on the top surface of the retardation layer 4.
- a protective layer may be formed.
- a functional layer used for the display side substrate of the generally known liquid crystal display device may be appropriately formed in the color filter of the present invention.
- the transparent substrate 2 in the present invention one having optical transparency and being optically isotropic is preferably used.
- the transparent substrate 2 it is possible to use a substrate provided with an optically anisotropic or light-shielding region locally, as necessary.
- the light transmittance can be appropriately selected according to the application of the color filter.
- a plate, sheet or film formed of an inorganic material or an organic material can be used as the transparent substrate 2.
- the inorganic material include glass, silicon, and quartz.
- Ca and the like are preferably quartz as an inorganic material constituting the transparent substrate 2.
- the organic base include acrylics such as polymethyl methacrylate and the like, polyamides, polyacetals, polybutyl terephthalates, polyethylene terephthalates, polyethylene naphthalates, triacetyl celluloses, syndiotactic polystyrenes, etc., polyethylene sulfides, Polyether ketone, polyether ether ketone, fluoro resin, or polyether-tolyl, etc., polycarbonate, modified polyphenylene ether, polycyclohexene, or polynorbornene resin, etc., or polysulfone, polyether sulfone, Polypropylene, polyarylate, polyamide imide, polyether imide, polyether ketone, also Alternatively, there may be mentioned thermoplastic
- the above-mentioned organic substrate although not exemplified and listed above, one which can be used as a more general plastic can also be used.
- the thickness of the transparent substrate 2 may be appropriately determined in accordance with the application of the color filter, and generally, a thickness of about 5 m to 3 mm is used.
- the colored layer 3 forms a black matrix 5 for blocking visible light in a predetermined wavelength region on the transparent substrate 2 and a red sub pixel 6 which is a colored pixel transmitting visible light in a predetermined wavelength region in the following!, It is formed by sequentially providing a green sub-pixel 7 and a blue sub-pixel 8.
- the black matrix 5 prevents overlapping of red subpixels 6 which are colored pixels, green subpixels 7 and blue subpixels 8 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “colored pixels 6, 7 and 8”). It has a function of filling gaps between colored pixels and suppressing light leakage from adjacent colored pixels.
- the black matrix 5 is formed on the transparent substrate 2 so as to divide the area corresponding to the position where the arrangement of the color pixels 6, 7 and 8 is planned in plan view for each of the color pixels.
- the colored pixels 6, 7 and 8 are arranged so as to cover the area partitioned by the black matrix 5 in plan view.
- the black matrix 5 is formed, for example, by patterning a light shielding or light absorbing metal thin film such as a metal chromium thin film or a tungsten thin film in a predetermined shape on the transparent substrate 2 surface. As another means, the black matrix 5 is also formed by printing an organic material such as a black resin in a predetermined shape by an inkjet method or the like.
- the colored pixels 6, 7 and 8 formed next to the black matrix 5 are arranged in predetermined patterns of colored pixels that transmit light of wavelength bands of red, green and blue respectively. It is formed.
- As an arrangement form of the red sub-pixels 6, the green sub-pixels 7 and the blue sub-pixels 8 which constitute the colored pixels various arrangement patterns such as stripe type, mosaic type and triangle type can be selected.
- As a more specific formation method a coating film of a coloring material dispersion in which a coloring material is dispersed in a solvent is formed into a predetermined shape by, for example, one photolithography method for each coloring pixel 6, 7, 8 of each color. There is a way to putter.
- the colored layer 3 in the present invention is not limited to the case of including the three color sub-pixels exemplified above.
- the colored layer 3 may be configured to have four or more colors of colored pixel power, or may be configured to have single color or two colors of sub-pixel power. It is also possible to omit the black matrix 5 in the colored layer 3.
- the colored layer 3 After forming the colored layer 3, it is general to carry out a surface modification treatment such as UV cleaning treatment or corona treatment on the surface of the colored layer 3 before forming the retardation layer 4.
- a surface modification treatment such as UV cleaning treatment or corona treatment
- the liquid crystal composition is applied to the surface of the colored layer 3 in a later step by performing the above treatment, the wettability of the surface to the liquid crystal composition (in particular, the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in this) is determined. It can be improved and desirable.
- the ultraviolet irradiation amount is in the range of 500 mj / cm 2 to 3000 mi / cm 2 , more preferably 900 mj / cm 2 to 3000 mj / cm 2 .
- the dose of 500 mj / cm 2 hereinafter it is impossible to impart sufficient wettability to the substrate surface, in 3000 mj / cm 2 or more dose, if the resulting color filter is discolored problem when had results There is.
- the Rukoto be cleaned treated with 900mi / cm 2 or more 3000 mj / cm 2 or less of the amount of ultraviolet irradiation, the wettability of the surface of the colored layer is a base material is preferably improved.
- a liquid crystal composition is directly applied to the surface of the colored layer washed with an ultraviolet light dose of 900 miZcm 2 or more conventionally without providing an alignment film to form a coating film, and the coating film is formed in the following manner.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained was subjected to home-opening pick alignment, the alignment of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound was disturbed, and it was impossible to form a retardation layer for stable home-optical port pick alignment.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is obtained without the presence of an alignment film, even when it is applied directly to the surface of the colored layer washed with the above ultraviolet radiation of 900 mj Zcm 2 or more. It is possible to make the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the product have a good homeo-pick orientation.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is directly coated on the surface of the colored layer 3 so that the retardation layer 4 in the color filter 1 of the present invention covers the colored layer 3, and the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal composition is It can be formed by pick orientation and then crosslinking polymerization. At this time, it is desirable to use a liquid crystal composition in a solution state, that is, a liquid crystal composition solution, so that the liquid crystal composition can be easily applied to the surface of the colored layer 3.
- the liquid crystal composition solution may be applied onto the colored layer 3 by, for example, gravure printing, offset printing, letterpress printing, screen printing, transfer printing, electrostatic printing, no plate printing Methods such as gravure coating method, roll coating method, knife coating method, knife coating method, bar knife method, bar coating method, dip coating method, kiss coating method, spray coating method, die coating method, comma coating method, ink jet method, etc.
- gravure coating method roll coating method
- knife coating method knife coating method
- bar knife method bar coating method
- bar coating method dip coating method
- kiss coating method dip coating method
- spray coating method die coating method
- comma coating method ink jet method, etc.
- a coating method or a combination of these can be used as appropriate.
- the coated substrate coated with the liquid crystal composition solution (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “coated substrate”. Also, the layer formed on the surface of the coated substrate is referred to as “coated film”) is dried.
- the pressure in the liquid crystal composition solution is reduced by reducing the pressure to about 1.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ iTorr or less. It is desirable to vaporize the solvent.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition in the normal direction (that is, in the perpendicular direction) to the substrate surface simultaneously with the drying.
- the coated substrate can be brought into a subcooling state by bringing the coated substrate into a reduced pressure state, and the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the coated film is home-oriented by pick orientation and then held in this state. Leave the coated substrate at about room temperature.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound can be efficiently maintained in the state of being home-oriented and pick-oriented until the crosslinking reaction is carried out in the subsequent steps.
- the coated substrate may be fired.
- the firing method is not particularly limited.
- the coated substrate may be placed on a hot plate, and firing may be performed for about 2 minutes to 30 minutes in a temperature range of 70 ° C to 120 ° C.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a home port pick distribution. Do not limit the orientation process to be directed.
- a method generally known as an alignment treatment for orienting the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in a home port pick for example, a method in which an electric field or a magnetic field is applied to the coating film from a predetermined direction, may be appropriately selected and used.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound which is home-picked and oriented is allowed to crosslink to fix the orientation.
- This crosslinking reaction proceeds by irradiating the coating film surface with light.
- the wavelength of the light irradiated to the coating film is appropriately selected according to the absorption wavelength of the liquid crystal composition constituting the coating film. More specifically, the wavelength of the light is appropriately selected according to the absorption wavelength of the photopolymerization initiator contained in the liquid crystal composition.
- the light to be applied to the above-mentioned coating film is not limited to monochromatic light, but may be light having a certain wavelength range including the photosensitive wavelength of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound.
- actinic radiation such as ultraviolet light.
- actinic radiation such as ultraviolet light
- a UV light source a high pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, a metal halide lamp, etc. are used.
- the amount of light applied varies depending on the type and composition of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound, and the type and amount of the photopolymerization initiator, and is usually about 10 to 3000 mj Zcm 2 .
- the crosslinking reaction of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is preferably carried out while heating the coated substrate to a temperature lower by 1 to 10 ° C. than the temperature at which the liquid crystal phase transitions from the liquid crystal phase to the isotropic phase. By doing this, it is possible to reduce the disturbance of the homeostatic pick alignment of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound at the time of this crosslinking reaction. Further, from this viewpoint, the temperature at which the crosslinking reaction is performed is more preferably 3 to 6 ° C. lower than the temperature at which the liquid crystal undergoes phase transition to the isotropic phase as well.
- the light of the photosensitive wavelength of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is applied to the coating while heating the above-mentioned coated substrate to the liquid crystal phase temperature in an inert gas atmosphere. It may be a method of irradiation. In this method, the liquid crystal molecules are crosslinked and polymerized in an inert atmosphere, and the liquid crystal molecules at a position distant from the substrate surface (ie, the coated film) as compared to the case where the liquid crystal molecules are crosslinked and polymerized in an air atmosphere. It has an advantageous point that it is possible to suppress the disorder of the homeostatic pick alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the surface).
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is heated in the inert gas atmosphere or in the air atmosphere while heating the coated substrate to the liquid crystal phase temperature.
- the coating film is irradiated with light of the photosensitive wavelength of the product to cause the crosslinking reaction to proceed partially (referred to as a partial crosslinking step), and after the partial crosslinking step, the above coating is performed until the temperature at which the liquid crystal
- the substrate may be cooled, and light of a photosensitive wavelength may be further irradiated to the coating film of the coated substrate in this state to advance the crosslinking reaction to complete the crosslinking reaction.
- the above-mentioned temperature Tc is a temperature at which liquid crystal molecules are in a crystalline phase on the coated substrate before the crosslinking reaction proceeds.
- the crosslinking reaction proceeds to such an extent that the homeotropic pick alignment of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the coating is maintained.
- the degree of progress of the crosslinking reaction in the partial crosslinking step is appropriately selected according to the type of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the coating film, the film thickness of the coating film, and the like.
- the crosslinking reaction is allowed to proceed until the degree of crosslinking reaches 5 to 50.
- the colored layer 3 and the retardation layer 4 in which the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is crosslinked and polymerized in the homeotropically aligned state on the transparent substrate 2 are arranged in this order.
- a substrate is formed.
- the color filter 1 in which the transparent substrate 2, the colored layer 3 and the retardation layer 4 are formed in this order has been described as one embodiment of the present invention, but the configuration of the present invention is not limited thereto. It does not exclude the color filter in which the substrate, the retardation layer and the colored layer are formed in this order.
- the color filter provided with the retardation layer formed using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention exhibits an excellent retardation function, and provides a high-quality image free from light leakage particularly when displayed in black. It is possible to
- the present invention when the liquid crystal composition is applied to the upper surface of the colored layer to which the color filter 1 described above is applied to form a retardation layer, the present invention is characterized in that the surface of the colored layer is washed and Z or the surface modified. It is advantageous that the retardation layer can be formed without disturbing the orientation of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound even by the quality treatment !.
- the thickness of the retardation layer 4 is not particularly limited as long as a desired retardation amount is exhibited. In general, the thickness of the retardation layer 4 is preferably about 0.5 to about LO / zm in consideration of productivity and the like.
- the substrate provided with the retardation layer 4 formed by the above-described method is preferably further subjected to a firing step. More specifically, it is desirable that the heat resistance and adhesion of the retardation layer 4 can be improved by baking the retardation layer 4 in the substrate. The baking step can be carried out by placing the substrate on which the crosslinking step in the retardation layer 4 is finished in an oven or the like heated to a predetermined temperature, and heating.
- the above-mentioned firing step can be carried out using AZ ONE "HOT AIR CIRCULATION Oven KLO-60M".
- the firing temperature and the firing time can be appropriately determined depending on the thickness of the substrate provided with the retardation layer 4, the thickness of the retardation layer 4 itself, the type of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound used, and the like.
- the baking time is from 0.5 hours to 2.5 hours, and the baking temperature is from 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. If the firing time in the firing step exceeds 2.5 hours, yellowing etc. may occur in the substrate, which may lower the transmittance of the substrate, and if it is less than 0.5 hours, the substrate may If the adhesion, heat resistance, and degree of curing are lowered, there is a possibility that sufficient durability can not be obtained.
- the substrate provided with the above retardation layer of the present invention is provided with the retardation layer 4 cured by cross-linking polymerization in a state where the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is home-oriented and pick-oriented, for example, It can be used as a member for controlling the polarization state of light, such as an optical compensation member which is a member to be controlled.
- an amino-based silane coupling agent is contained in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, and in the retardation layer 4 formed using the liquid crystal composition, vertical alignment in the alignment treatment of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound. Even if a film is not used, the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained in the composition can be stably and home-oriented, pick-oriented, and the vertical alignment of the optical axis of the retardation layer 4 can be well realized.
- the surface of the colored layer 3 is subjected to a cleaning treatment and Z or surface modification treatment, and as a result, the surface properties of the colored layer 3 are changed.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound in the retardation layer 4 to be formed by the following does not disturb the homeotropic orientation of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound.
- the alignment of the liquid crystal compound is fixed after achieving the regular home-opening pick alignment of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound on the upper surface of the colored layer, so that the retardation layer 4 with high alignment stability is formed. It is possible to The color filter 1 of the present invention is completed by further forming a spacer 9 on the retardation layer 4 in the above-mentioned substrate.
- the spacer 9 is formed by applying a photocurable photosensitive paint, which is also a material of an acrylic, amide or ester polymer containing a multifunctional atalylate, onto the retardation layer 4 and drying this. Next, after exposing and curing the paint through a mask pattern corresponding to the planned formation position of the spacer 9 in the following, the uncured portion is removed by etching and the whole is further fired.
- a photocurable photosensitive paint which is also a material of an acrylic, amide or ester polymer containing a multifunctional atalylate
- the protective layer is a transparent resin that also has a material strength of acrylic, amide or ester polymers containing a polyfunctional arylate. It is possible to apply, dry and cure a transparent resin coating material which can also be used as a material or a material of acrylic, amide or ester polymers containing a multifunctional epoxy, on any substrate surface.
- the color filter 1 of the present invention obtained as described above exhibits a stable and excellent viewing angle improvement effect when used in a liquid crystal display device in which light leakage is very small.
- the color filter of the present invention does not necessarily have to have a spacer.
- the color filter 1 can further be provided with a transparent conductive film or the like.
- the color filter of the present invention is required to have at least a transparent substrate, a colored layer and a retardation layer, and in particular, a retardation layer is realized in which the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is stably and homeotropically aligned. It is important to
- Whether or not the retardation layer 4 in the color filter 1 of the present invention has a good homeostatic pick orientation can be evaluated based on the presence or absence of light leakage from the color filter 1. Specifically, the following light transmission test can be conducted to evaluate the presence or absence of the transmitted light by observing with the naked eye.
- the colored layer 3 is formed on the transparent substrate 2, the retardation layer 4 is formed on the upper surface of the colored layer 3, and the color filter 1 is formed.
- Piece of paper The color filter 1 is placed between the light plates.
- light is irradiated from one surface side of the substrate to transmit the light to the color filter 1.
- the color filter having no light leakage indicates that the retardation layer provided in the color filter has a good home-opening pick orientation. It is preferable to use a color filter free from light leakage for the display side substrate of the liquid crystal display device, since it can provide high quality display with excellent contrast.
- the color filter used in the light transmission test described above has no light leakage or light leakage is negligible. It means that light transmission is not confirmed by the naked eye on the entire surface, and it is in a black state.
- a colored layer of a single red colored pixel is formed on a transparent substrate, and after the surface of the colored layer is washed with ultraviolet light, a retardation layer is formed on the surface using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention. It is a photograph at the time of using the color filter of this invention to be formed to the said light transmission test.
- the light transmission test even when light is leaked, even when black is displayed, light transmission can be confirmed even with a naked eye whose entire surface is bright as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph when the color filter formed in the same manner as the color filter shown in FIG. 2 is subjected to the light transmission test except that the amino type silane coupling agent is not added to the liquid crystal composition. It is.
- the light leakage evaluation for evaluating the degree of light leakage of the color filter can also be performed by a method of determining the luminance ratio of the color filter itself.
- the luminance ratio can be determined by measuring the luminance of light transmitted when light is applied to the polarizing plate of a polarizing microscope with the color filter interposed therebetween. Specifically, the two polarizing plates are crossed (a so-called black display state), the color filter is interposed between them, and the luminance when light is transmitted is measured, and this is referred to as Toff.
- Toff the luminance when light is transmitted is measured, and this is referred to as Toff.
- Ton a color filter is interposed therebetween, and the luminance when light is transmitted is measured, which is referred to as Ton. That Then, the luminance ratio is obtained by calculating TonZToff.
- the phrase “no light leakage of color filters or negligible light emission” means a color filter having a luminance ratio of 1000 or more.
- the color filter of the present invention may be used as a substrate on one side, and a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal cell for driving between the facing substrates may be used to determine the presence or absence of light leakage of the color filter. it can.
- the retardation layer in the color filter functions as a so-called in-cell retardation layer in the liquid crystal display device.
- the color filter provided in the device is represented by the luminance ratio represented by the ratio TonZToff. Light leakage can be assessed.
- the luminance ratio is 1000 or more.
- the above-mentioned retardation layer incorporated in the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device showing a luminance ratio of 1000 or more can be suitably used, for example, as a liquid crystal display device for high-end desktop computer monitors and TVs. It can be said that it is a phase difference.
- the luminance ratio is 1,500 or more
- a very high quality image can be provided on a dark display screen. Therefore, in a display device provided with a color filter having a luminance ratio of 1,500 or more, the viewer can visually recognize an image with clearer and clearer gradation.
- Another Point of Force As a method of evaluating a color filter, that is, a method of evaluating whether or not the retardation layer in the color filter is favorably aligned with the homeo-pick orientation, measurement of retardation can be mentioned. .
- the xyz orthogonal coordinates are assumed with the thickness direction of the retardation layer in the color filter as the z axis. Then, at a specific wavelength, the retardation value of the retardation layer is measured from the direction inclined in the X axis direction with respect to the z axis and the direction inclined in the y axis direction. As a result, the orientation of the retardation layer can be evaluated by observing whether the retardation of the retardation layer exhibits symmetry with reference to the z-axis. In addition, it is possible to evaluate whether or not the retardation layer is home-oriented pick-oriented by the numerical value of the retardation value when the measurement angle is 0 °.
- the numerical force of the retardation value at a measurement angle of 0 ° is not more than nm, preferably not more than 3.5 nm, and more preferably 3 nm.
- the color difference value is 3 nm or less, when the color filter is used in a liquid crystal display device, the phase difference shift is very small. Also, in the black display state, light leakage is clear and high quality image display Preferred to be possible.
- a color filter having a retardation layer formed without using an alignment film and a color filter having a retardation layer formed on the surface of a substrate that has been subjected to a cleaning treatment and Z or a surface modification treatment, may be mentioned above. More preferably, the symmetry of the phase difference and the phase difference value are indicated.
- FIG. 5 a graph showing the retardation value of the retardation layer in which the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound is favorably home-oriented and pick-oriented is shown in FIG. 5 as a reference.
- the retardation layer in the color filter of the present invention exhibits symmetry with respect to the z-axis as the retardations measured from the X-axis direction and the y-axis direction, and when the measurement angle is 0 °.
- the numerical value of the phase difference value of is less than S4 nm.
- the alignment of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound forming the retardation layer is disturbed, and a good home-opening pick alignment can be obtained.
- a graph showing the retardation value of the retardation layer is shown in FIG.
- phase differences measured from the X-axis direction and the y-axis direction do not show symmetry with respect to the z-axis, and the phase difference force nm at a measurement angle of 0 ° is exceeded.
- the color filter 1 of the present invention can be used as a display side substrate of a liquid crystal display device.
- the color filter 1 of the present invention is used as the display side substrate 13 installed on the viewer side (corresponding to the upper side in the figure).
- the display side substrate 13 and the liquid crystal drive side substrate 14 face each other through the spacer 9, and a liquid crystal material for driving 15 is sealed between the two substrates and a liquid crystal cell for driving 16 Is configured.
- the retardation layer 4 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the transparent substrate 2 of the color filter 1 and the transparent substrate 31 constituting the liquid crystal driving side substrate 14 and is a so-called in-cell retardation layer. .
- a functional layer 20 in which a transparent conductive film 21 and a positive A plate 22 are sequentially laminated is formed on the side of the transparent substrate 2 opposite to the colored layer 3. Then, a linear polarization plate 23 is provided on the outer side surface of the display side substrate 13, and a linear polarization plate 3 is provided on the outer side surface of the liquid crystal driving side substrate 14. Two are stacked.
- the transmission polarizing axes of the linear polarization plate 23 of the display side substrate 13 and the linear polarization plate 32 of the liquid crystal drive side substrate 14 are orthogonal to each other. It is arranged.
- the liquid crystal drive side substrate 14 is a drive circuit 33 on the in-cell side of the transparent substrate 31 (the side where the drive liquid crystal material 15 is sealed), and a drive electrode 34 whose load amount of voltage is controlled by this. Is provided.
- the liquid crystal display device 12 described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is not limited by such a configuration.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is constituted by using at least the color filter of the present invention as a display side substrate, and driving liquid crystal material enclosed between the display side substrate and the other substrate facing the display side substrate. It is important to According to the configuration, the retardation layer formed using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is advantageous because it functions as a so-called in-cell type existing between the substrates.
- composition A of the following composition was prepared using the compounds (a) to (d) shown below.
- Composition A was prepared by mixing the materials listed below according to the description in JP-A-2004-524385.
- the weight ratio of each substance in composition A shown below is the weight ratio of each substance to the total weight of composition A.
- CH 2 CHC 0 2 (CH 2 ) 6 0-
- composition A Composition A
- liquid crystal composition was dissolved in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PG MEA) to obtain a liquid crystal composition solution having a concentration of 20%.
- PG MEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- the surface of the glass plate was washed to prepare a clean transparent substrate.
- a red colored resist shown below is applied on the above transparent substrate by spin coating, prebetated at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, and after an alignment exposure (lOOmjZcm 2 ), post at 230 ° C. for 30 minutes. It was betaed to form a red single color colored layer having a thickness of 2.0 m. The haze of the obtained color filter substrate was 1.9.
- the above colored layer is irradiated with a wavelength of 254 nm and an energy of 900.
- the ultraviolet cleaning was performed under the conditions of mj / cm 2 .
- a trade name OC-2506 made by Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd. was used.
- the liquid crystal composition solution was spin-coated on the colored layer using a spin coater (trade name 1H-360S, manufactured by Mikasa Co., Ltd.) to form a coating, and the coating was dried under reduced pressure.
- the coating film is irradiated with an ultraviolet ray at 20 mW Z cm 2 for 10 seconds using an ultraviolet irradiation device (trade name: TOSCURE 751 manufactured by Harrison Toshiba Lighting Co., Ltd.) to the above coating film under an air atmosphere.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound contained was crosslinked to form a retardation layer.
- the substrate after completion of the crosslinking treatment is placed in an oven at 230 ° C., and baking is performed for 30 minutes to form a color filter of the present invention having a retardation layer with a film thickness of 1.0 m. did.
- a light having a wavelength of 589 nm is irradiated to Example 1, and the phase difference generated when the light passes through the phase difference layer in Example 1 is measured according to the above-described method of measuring the phase difference value, and the phase difference
- the alignment state of the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound constituting the layer was evaluated. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, an X axis and ay axis orthogonal to each other are assumed on the surface of the retardation layer of the optical element (color filter in the example), and az axis perpendicular to the X axis and the y axis I assumed.
- the retardation of the retardation layer was measured in a direction inclined in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction with respect to the z-axis direction and the z-axis!
- the phase difference generated in the optical element is z
- the symmetry was shown on the basis of the axis to measure the force and force.
- the phase difference exhibits symmetry in both the X-axis direction and the y-axis direction, and the value of the phase difference in the z-axis direction is 4 nm or less.
- the phase difference exhibits symmetry in both the X-axis direction and the y-axis direction, or the value of the phase difference in the z-axis direction is 4 nm or less.
- phase difference is disturbed symmetrically in both the X-axis direction and the y-axis direction, and the value of the phase difference in the z-axis direction is larger than 4 nm.
- the result of Evaluation 1 of Example 1 is ⁇ , which indicates that the crosslinkable liquid crystal compound forming the retardation layer in Example 1 is well aligned in homeopic orientation.
- a polarization microscope CPX 31 P manufactured by Olin Pass Co., Ltd. was set in a cross nicol state, and light was applied from the normal direction to the substrate surface with the color filter of Example 1 sandwiched between the polarizing plates. Then, the presence or absence of light leakage in Example 1 was observed with the naked eye. Also measure the brightness at this time I decided.
- the polarizing plates were set in parallel, light was applied from the normal direction to the substrate surface with the color filters of Example 1 sandwiched between the polarizing plates, and the luminance was measured.
- the luminance ratio TonZToff was calculated when the luminance in the cross-coll state (that is, black display) was Toff, and the luminance in the parallel state (that is, white display) was Ton.
- the light leakage of the color filter was evaluated as follows. The brightness was measured using EZ Contrast 160 (manufactured by ELDIM).
- TonZToff ratio is 1100 or more
- TonZToff ratio 1000 or more and less than 1100.
- TonZToff ratio is less than 1000
- Example 1 The color filter of Example 1 was subjected to an accelerated life test for 1 hour in an environment of temperature 100 ° C. and humidity 100%. Thereafter, the adhesion of the retardation layer to the substrate (that is, the colored layer) in the color filter was tested in accordance with JIS K 5600-5-6. More specifically, the above heating life test was performed at 100 ° C. and 100% RH for 1 hour using a Tabai accelerated life tester EHS-411M. Then, Example 1 is placed in an environment at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 2 ° C. and a humidity of about 50 ⁇ 5% after the accelerated life test, and the surface of the phase difference layer side of Example 1 is Six cuts were made at 1 mm intervals in the lateral direction to provide 5 ⁇ 5 grid eyes.
- Evaluation Criteria 0 The edge of the cut is completely smooth, and the condition in which there is no peeling of any grid.
- Evaluation criteria 1 Force that slight peeling is observed in the coating film in the cross cut area The state affected by the cross cut area is 5% or less.
- Evaluation criteria 2 Peeling is observed along the edge of the cut and at the Z or cross cut portion. What is affected in the cross-cut area is clearly not more than 5% and no more than 15%.
- Evaluation criteria 3 Significant peeling is observed partially or completely along the edge of the cut, and partially or completely peeled off in Z or several grid eyes. The impact on the cross-cut part is clearly not more than 15% and not more than 35%.
- Evaluation criteria 4 Significant peeling is observed partially or completely along the edge of the cut, and Z or several grid eyes partially or completely peeled. It is clear that crosscuts are affected by more than 35% but not more than 65%.
- Evaluation criteria 5 Any peeling that can not be classified into Category 4 or not (including the state in which the entire surface of the grid is peeled).
- the transparency of the retardation layer in Example 1 was evaluated by the following method. That is, evaluation of the transparency of the retardation layer formed in Example 1 is carried out by measuring the haze in the thickness direction of Example 1. It went by. The haze of the color filter was measured in accordance with JIS K 7136. In addition, in the measurement of the haze of Example 1, "ND H-2000" by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. was used as a measuring device. As a result, the haze of Example 1 was 2.7%.
- a color filter was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coupling agent to be added was changed to 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KB M-903 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Kagaku Co., Ltd.). . Evaluation of Example 2 was performed according to said evaluation 1-4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 As in Example 1, except that the coupling agent to be added was changed to 3-triethoxysilyl-N- (1,3-dimethyl-butylidene) propylamine (Shin-Etsu KBE-9103). A color filter was made, and it was referred to as Example 3.
- Example 3 Evaluation of Example 3 was performed according to said evaluation 1-4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 was evaluated according to said evaluation 1-4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 was evaluated according to said evaluation 1-4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- a force filter was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the amount of the coupling agent to be added was changed to 20%, and this example was taken as Example 6.
- Example 6 was evaluated according to the above evaluations 1 to 4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- a color filter was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a silane coupling agent was used, and a comparative example 1 was obtained.
- the obtained Comparative Example 1 was evaluated according to the above evaluations 1 to 4. .
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- a color filter was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that vinylethoxysilane (KBE-1003 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Kagaku Co., Ltd.) was used as a silane coupling agent.
- vinylethoxysilane KBE-1003 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Kagaku Co., Ltd.
- a color filter was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-403 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as a silane coupling agent. Evaluation was performed on Comparative Example 3 according to the above evaluations 1 to 4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- color filters having a retardation layer formed using a liquid crystal composition containing a ketimine-based silane coupling agent (ie, Examples 3 and 6). ) was found to be very low in haze.
- Haze is generally understood as an index indicating the transparency of a retardation layer in a color filter. Although haze is not the only indicator for determining the color filter performance, a low haze! A display using a color filter can provide high quality images.
- Example 3 comparison with Examples 1 and 2 also showed that the haze was remarkably low. The same tendency was observed for the tendency of haze in Examples 1 to 3 in Examples 4 to 6 in which the addition amount of the silane coupling agent was 2000 times.
- the present inventors have found that the addition of a silane coupling agent to a crosslinkable liquid crystal composition generally leads to poor compatibility. In the case of adding a ketimine based silane coupling agent, it is very good. It has been confirmed that compatibility is shown. It is assumed that the good effect of lowering the haze, which is considered to be caused by the presence of the ketimine-based silane coupling agent described above, is largely related to the good compatibility.
- the present invention achieves the intended purpose.
- the present invention using a ketimine-based silane coupling agent is particularly favorable from the viewpoint of improving the homeopic pick orientation of the retardation layer and suppressing the haze of the color filter to a low value. It is desirable to be able to achieve the intended purpose of the present invention.
- the crosslinkable liquid crystal composition of the present invention can form a retardation layer exhibiting good homeostatic pick alignment on the surface of a substrate without the presence of an alignment film. Therefore, for example, in a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, it is possible to form a thin film of liquid crystal cell thickness and simultaneously provide high quality image display.
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Abstract
Description
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US11/990,939 US7704571B2 (en) | 2006-06-13 | 2007-06-13 | Liquid crystal composition, color filter and liquid crystal display apparatus, and method of forming phase difference layer |
JP2008521236A JPWO2007145247A1 (ja) | 2006-06-13 | 2007-06-13 | 液晶組成物、カラーフィルタ及び液晶表示装置、位相差層形成方法 |
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Cited By (3)
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WO2008096556A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-08-14 | Adeka Corporation | 重合性組成物 |
US20100103337A1 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-04-29 | Koji Takaku | Liquid crystal composition, liquid crystal device, reflective display material, and light modulating material |
CN107406771A (zh) * | 2015-03-24 | 2017-11-28 | 捷恩智株式会社 | 液晶组合物及液晶显示元件 |
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JPWO2007145339A1 (ja) * | 2006-06-15 | 2009-11-12 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 液晶組成物、カラーフィルタおよび液晶表示装置 |
KR101617482B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-17 | 2016-05-02 | 제이엔씨 석유 화학 주식회사 | 액정 조성물 및 액정 표시 소자 |
WO2013008679A1 (ja) | 2011-07-11 | 2013-01-17 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | カラーフィルタ形成基板とその作製方法、および表示装置 |
US9759652B2 (en) | 2015-02-28 | 2017-09-12 | Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College | Quantum dot light emitting diodes for multiplex gas sensing |
CN105001878B (zh) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-08-29 | 江苏和成新材料有限公司 | 一种可聚合手性液晶组合物及其应用 |
KR20210007949A (ko) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-01-20 | 가부시키가이샤 도모에가와 세이시쇼 | 헤드 마운트 디스플레이 |
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JPWO2007145247A1 (ja) | 2009-11-05 |
US7704571B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
US20080303985A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
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