WO2007144984A1 - 樹脂分散体の製造方法及び樹脂粒子 - Google Patents
樹脂分散体の製造方法及び樹脂粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007144984A1 WO2007144984A1 PCT/JP2007/000631 JP2007000631W WO2007144984A1 WO 2007144984 A1 WO2007144984 A1 WO 2007144984A1 JP 2007000631 W JP2007000631 W JP 2007000631W WO 2007144984 A1 WO2007144984 A1 WO 2007144984A1
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- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylenediamine group Chemical group CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)N)N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMUVCOYLTZPCKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(dodecyl)azanium Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC ZMUVCOYLTZPCKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TZYULTYGSBAILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC=C TZYULTYGSBAILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021081 unsaturated fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007883 water-soluble azo polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/85—Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G18/4247—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G18/4252—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyols containing polyether groups and polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
- C08G18/4269—Lactones
- C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/721—Two or more polyisocyanates not provided for in one single group C08G18/73 - C08G18/80
- C08G18/722—Combination of two or more aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates
-
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
- C08G18/8061—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/807—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
- C08G18/8077—Oximes
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/81—Preparation processes using solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/16—Powdering or granulating by coagulating dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/03—Powdery paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2170/00—Compositions for adhesives
- C08G2170/80—Compositions for aqueous adhesives
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin dispersion, a method for producing resin particles, and resin particles.
- the present invention relates to resin particles useful for various applications, a method for producing an aqueous dispersion thereof, and resin particles.
- Resin (b) or resin (b) precursor (b 0) is dispersed in an aqueous dispersion of resin particles (A), and the precursor (b O) is used as a precursor (b O) To form resin particles (B) made of resin (b) in an aqueous dispersion of resin particles (A), so that resin particles (A) adhere to the surface of resin particles (B). And a resin particle (B) and a resin particle (C) obtained by removing an aqueous medium from the aqueous dispersion (X 1). ) Is known (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 WOO 1/60893 pamphlet
- the adhesion with the adherend is good.
- Stable resin dispersion and resin particles containing resin particles with uniform particle size The object is to provide a method of manufacturing.
- the present inventors have found that the adhesiveness (adhesiveness) to an adherend is improved by producing resin particles using a resin produced using a specific esterification catalyst.
- the present invention has been reached.
- the present invention is the following six inventions.
- At least one of resin (a) and resin (b) is formed in the presence of a titanium catalyst (t) represented by the following general formula (I), polyester resin (p 1), or polyester resin (p 1 ) Is contained as a structural unit.
- a titanium catalyst (t) represented by the following general formula (I) represented by the following general formula (I)
- polyester resin (p 1) or polyester resin (p 1 ) Is contained as a structural unit.
- a method for producing an aqueous dispersion (X 1) comprising:
- R is a hydrogen atom, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms which may contain 1 to 3 ether bonds or 1 to 2 hydroxyl groups
- T i is a Tan atom
- O represents oxygen atom
- X represents a residue obtained by removing one carboxyl group's hydrogen atom from aromatic mono- or poly-rubberic acid, and when X is polycarboxylic acid, other carboxyl groups It may be polycondensed with an OR group in the same molecule to form a ring structure, or it may be polycondensed between an OR group of another molecule and between molecules to form a structure containing 2 to 5 titanium atoms. You may do it.
- m 1 to 3
- n 1 to 3
- the sum of m and n is 4.
- a process for producing an aqueous dispersion (X2) comprising
- (I I) A method for producing resin particles comprising a step of obtaining resin particles (B) by removing an aqueous solvent from the aqueous dispersion (X 2) obtained by the production method.
- the volume average particle diameter of the resin particles (A) is 0.001 to 0.3.
- the volume average particle size of the resin particles (A) is 0.0005 to 30 m, and the volume average particle size of the resin particles (C) is 0.1 to 300 m.
- the resin particles (C) have a [volume average particle size number average particle size] of 1.0 to 1.
- a titanium catalyst represented by the following general formula (I)
- Resin (p 2) containing p 1) as a structural unit, resin (a) and / or resin (b) force If necessary, other than polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl resin and polyester resin (p 1) Resin particles comprising one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyester resins.
- R is a hydrogen atom, or 1 to 3 ether bonds or 1 Hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms which may contain ⁇ 2 hydroxyl groups
- T i is a titanium atom
- O is an oxygen atom
- X is a carboxyl from aromatic mono- or poly-strength rubonic acid
- the other carboxyl group may be polycondensed with an OR group in the same molecule to form a ring structure, or A structure containing 2 to 5 titanium atoms may be formed by polycondensation between an OR group of another molecule and the molecule.
- m 1 to 3
- n 1 to 3
- the sum of m and n is 4.
- the [volume average particle diameter number average particle diameter] of the resin particles (B) is 1. 0-1.
- Resin particles characterized in that the resin particles (B) have a volume average particle diameter of 0.1 to 300 m.
- R is a hydrogen atom, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms which may contain 1 to 3 ether bonds and / or 1 to 2 hydroxyl groups
- T i is a titanium atom.
- O represents an oxygen atom
- the present invention has the following effects. 1. Almost produce resin particles with high affinity for adherends, even when applied to applications where resin particles are melted by heat to adhere to adherends (metal, paper, wood, etc.) Can do.
- the adhesion of the coating film to the adherend is excellent.
- toner base particles it has excellent adhesion to paper and does not cause offset even at low temperature fixing.
- a resin particle dispersion and resin particles having a uniform particle diameter can be stably produced.
- the resin particles can be obtained in the aqueous dispersion, the resin particles can be produced safely and at low cost.
- At least one of the resin (a) contained in the resin particles (A) and the resin (b) contained in the resin particles (B) is at least represented by the general formula (I).
- a polyester resin (p 1) formed in the presence of one kind of titanium catalyst (t) or a resin (P 2) having a polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit is contained.
- Two or more types of polyester resin (p 1) and resin (p 2) may be used in combination, respectively, and polyester resin (p 1) and resin (p 2) may be used in combination.
- the polyester resin (p 1) or the resin (p 2) can obtain the effect of the present invention regardless of whether it is contained in the resin (a) or the resin (b), but at least contained in the resin (b). Preferably it is done.
- the titanium catalyst (t) is a compound represented by the general formula (I), and two or more types of structures satisfying the formula (I) may be used in combination.
- R is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms which may contain 1 to 3 ether bonds and 1 to 2 hydroxyl groups. is there.
- the hydrocarbon group preferably has 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbon group examples include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an ether bond, and Or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a hydroxyl group (such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n_ptyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, monomethycetyl, monoethoxyethyl, and monohydroxyethyl)
- Aromatic hydrocarbon groups and aromatic hydrocarbon groups containing ether linkages or hydroxyl groups phenyl, hydroxyphenyl, bisphenol (such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and bisphenol AD) of 2 to 4 carbon atoms)
- Alkylenoxide hereinafter abbreviated as AO unless otherwise specified
- EO ethylene oxide
- PO Propylene oxide
- BO Butylene oxide
- a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable, and ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n_ptyl, and n-hexyl are particularly preferable. , N-propyl, isopropyl, and n_butyl.
- X is a residue obtained by removing a hydrogen atom of one carboxyl group from an aromatic mono- or poly-strength rubonic acid.
- X is a polycarboxylic acid
- another carboxyl group (a different carboxyl group that binds to the titanium atom to form a residue) Force Same — OR group in the molecule ⁇ hydroxyl group directly bonded to the titanium atom (R A hydrogen atom), an alkoxy group (when R is a hydrocarbon group) or a hydroxyl group when R is a hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 2 hydroxyl groups ⁇ in the molecule to form a ring structure.
- it may be polycondensed between an OR group of another molecule (same as above) and a repeating structure containing a plurality (2 to 5) of titanium atoms.
- the aromatic carboxylic acid preferably has 7 to 50 carbon atoms.
- Aromatic monocarboxylic acid ⁇ benzoic acid (benzoic acid, parahydroxybenzoic acid, paramethylbenzoic acid, etc.), naphthalene monocarboxylic acid Etc. ⁇ and 2- to 6-valent aromatic polycarboxylic acids ⁇ phthalic acid (eg, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid), naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, etc. ⁇ .
- X is an aromatic polycarboxylic acid
- a repeating structure including a plurality of titanium atoms may be formed by the plurality of carboxyl groups as described above. In this case, a titanium atom in one molecule The number is 2-5. When the number of titanium atoms in one molecule is 6 or more, the catalytic activity is lowered, which is not preferable.
- X is preferably a residue of phthalic acid (such as ⁇ phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, or orthophthalic acid), and a residue of benzoic acid (such as benzoic acid, parahydroxybenzoic acid, or paramethylbenzoic acid). Particularly preferred are residues of ⁇ phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, or orthophthalic acid.
- m 1 to 3
- n 1 to 3
- the sum of m and n that is, the valence number of the titanium atom is 4.
- the catalyst activity is particularly high and preferable.
- the valence number of the titanium atom is other than 4, even if the structure is similar to the formula (1), the catalytic activity is inferior or side reaction occurs, which is not preferable.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) include titanium triisopropoxybenzenecarboxylate, titanium tributoxybenzenecarboxylate, titanium triisopropoxyterephthalate, titanium tributoxyterephthalate, Titanium triisopropoxyisophthalate, Titanium triisopropoxypolyphthalate, Titanium diisopropoxydibenzenecarboxylate, Titanium dibutoxydibenzenecarboxylate, Titanium diisopropoxy di- phthalate, Titanium dibutoxydi-phthalate, Titanium diisopropoxy Diisophthalate, Titanium diisopropoxydiphthalate, Titanium dihydroxydibenzenecarboxylate, Titanium dihydroxydiphthalate, Titanium dihydroxydiisophthalate And titanium dihydroxydiphthalate, and intramolecular or intermolecular polycondensates thereof.
- the titanium catalyst (t) preferably has a solubility in water at 30 ° C of not more than [5 g 100 m I] from the viewpoint of catalytic activity during polyester polymerization. 1 OOm I] or less, more preferably [1 gZ1 00m I] or less.
- solubility is [5 gZ1 00ml] or less, the catalyst is not easily hydrolyzed during the polymerization reaction, and the durability of the catalyst activity is excellent.
- titanium catalysts (t) are prepared by, for example, heating a commercially available titanium-alkoxide and an aromatic carboxylic acid in a reaction solvent (such as ethyl acetate) (preferably 70 to 90 ° C). Can be easily obtained.
- a reaction solvent such as ethyl acetate
- polyester resin (p 1) a polycondensation product of a polyol and a polycarboxylic acid, its acid anhydride, or a lower alkyl (alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) can be used.
- polyol diol (1), trivalent to octavalent polyol (2) and the like are used.
- polycarboxylic acid its acid anhydride or lower alkyl ester, dicarboxylic acid (3), tri- to hexavalent polycarboxylic acid (4), these acid anhydrides, lower alkyl esters and the like are used.
- the reaction ratio of the polyol and the polycarboxylic acid is preferably 2 1 to 12 and more preferably 1.5 as the equivalent ratio [OH] / [COOH] of the hydroxyl group [OH] to the carboxyl group [COOH]. 3, particularly preferably 1. 3 2.
- Examples of the diol (1) include alkylene glycols having 2 to 30 carbon atoms (for example, ethylene glycol, 1,2_propylene glycol, 1,3_propylene glycol, 1,4_butanediol, 1,6 —Hexanediol, octanediol, decanediol, dodecanediol, ⁇ tradecandiol, neopentyl glycol, and 2,2-jetyl _ 1,3_propanediol, etc.; weight average molecular weight (measured by gel permeation chromatography) The Hereinafter abbreviated as Mw.
- alkylene glycols having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for example, ethylene glycol, 1,2_propylene glycol, 1,3_propylene glycol, 1,4_butanediol, 1,6 —Hexanediol, octanediol, decanedi
- alkylene ether glycol for example, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and poly ⁇ tramethylene ether glycol
- carbon number 6 ⁇ 24 alicyclic diols eg 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and hydrogenated bisphenol A
- AO [EO, PO, BO, etc.] adducts of the above alicyclic diols (number of moles added) 2 ⁇ 100) for example, 1,4-sucral hexanedimethanol EO 10 mol adduct, etc.
- Bisphenol having 15-30 carbon atoms bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, etc.
- AO adducts of polyphenols having 6 to 24 carbon atoms for example, charcoal, hydroquinone, and resorcin
- addition moles 2 to 100 for example, bisphenol A ⁇ EO 2 to 4
- alkylene glycols particularly 1,2-propylene glycol
- bisphenol AO adducts are preferred
- bisphenol AO adducts are more preferred.
- tri- to octavalent polyol (2) trivalent to trivalent and polyhydric alcohols having 3 to 8 carbon atoms (for example, glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol I ⁇ l, Sorbitan and Sorbi!
- AO adducts of 3 to 50 nopolac resins eg phenol nopolac and cresol nopolac) (added mole number 2 to 100) (phenol nopolac) PO 2 mol adduct, phenol nopolac EO 4 mol adduct, etc.
- AO of 6-30 carbon polyphenols eg pyrogallol, phloroglucinol and 1,2,4_benzenetriol
- Adducts (additional moles 2 to 100) (such as pyrogallol E04 mol adducts); and acrylic polyols having a polymerization degree of 20 to 2000 [hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and others Vinyl monomers (such as styrene, (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) copolymer of acrylic acid ester, etc.] and the like.
- aliphatic AO adducts of polyhydric alcohols and novolak resin More preferred
- dicarboxylic acid (3) examples include alkane dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 32 carbon atoms (for example, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, and octadecanedicarboxylic acid).
- alkane dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 32 carbon atoms for example, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, and octadecanedicarboxylic acid.
- Alkene dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 32 carbon atoms for example, maleic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid and mesaconic acid
- branched alkene dicarboxylic acid having 8 to 40 carbon atoms for example, dimer acid, alkenyl succinic acid ( Dodecenyl succinic acid, pentadecenyl succinic acid, octadecenyl succinic acid, etc.); branched alkanedicarboxylic acid having 12 to 40 carbon atoms [for example, alkyl succinic acid (decyl succinic acid, dodecyl succinic acid, octadecyl succinic acid, etc.) ; Aromatic dicarboxylic acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms (for example, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, ⁇ phthalic acid and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid).
- alkenedi sulfonic acid and aromatic di sulfonic acid are preferred, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids are more preferred.
- Examples of the tri to hexavalent polycarboxylic acid (4) include aromatic polycarboxylic acids having 9 to 20 carbon atoms (for example, trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid).
- Examples of acid anhydrides of dicarboxylic acid (3) or tri- to hexavalent polycarboxylic acid (4) include trimellitic acid anhydride and pyromellitic acid anhydride.
- Examples of these lower alkyl esters include methyl esters, ethyl esters, and isopropyl esters.
- polyester resin (p 1) 80% or more of the ester bond is preferably formed by dehydration condensation, and more preferably 90 0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 or more. Within this range, for example, when used as toner base particles, durability and / or contamination (degree of contamination due to scattering of toner inside the printer or copier) is further preferred.
- the melting point of the polyester resin (p 1) and the resin (p 2) is preferably 0 to 200 ° C, more preferably
- SP value of polyester resin (p 1) and resin (p 2) (3 values are 0 I ymerengineering and Science, F eburuary, 1 974, V ol. 1 4, No. 2 P. 1 47 ⁇ 1 Calculated by the method described in 54.) is preferably 7 to 18, more preferably 8 to 14.
- the polyester resin (p 1) can be produced in the same manner as an ordinary polyester production method except that the titanium catalyst (t) is used.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 150 to 280 ° C, more preferably 160 to 250 ° C, particularly preferably 1 in the presence of a titanium catalyst (t) in an inert gas (nitrogen gas, etc.) atmosphere.
- the reaction can be carried out at 70 to 240 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 30 minutes or more, particularly 2 to 40 hours from the viewpoint of reliably performing the polycondensation reaction. It is also effective to reduce the pressure (for example, 130 to 7000 Pa) in order to improve the reaction rate at the end of the reaction.
- the addition amount of the titanium catalyst (t) is preferably from 0.001 to 0.8% by weight, more preferably 0, based on the weight of the polymer obtained from the viewpoint of polymerization activity and the like. 0002 to 0.6% by weight, particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.55% by weight.
- esterification catalysts can be used in combination as long as the catalytic effect of the titanium catalyst (t) is not impaired.
- esterification catalysts include tin-containing catalysts (eg dibutyltin oxide), antimony trioxide, titanium catalysts (t )
- Other titanium-containing catalysts eg titanium alkoxide, titanium oxalate and titanium terephthalate
- zirconium-containing catalysts eg zirconyl acetate
- germanium-containing catalysts eg alkali (earth) metal catalysts (eg Al Metal or alkaline earth metal carboxylates: lithium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate, sodium benzoate, and potassium benzoate), and zinc acetate.
- the addition amount of these other esterification catalysts is preferably 0 to 0.6% by weight based on the polymer obtained.
- the content is within 6% by weight, the coloring of the polyester resin is further reduced, and it is preferable for use as a base particle for a color toner.
- the content of the titanium catalyst (t) is preferably 50 to 100% by weight based on the weight of the total catalyst.
- the resin (p 2) having the polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit a polyurethane resin obtained from the polyester resin ( P 1) and a polyisocyanate (15) described later, a polyester resin (p 1 And an epoxy resin obtained from the polyepoxide (18) described later, and a polyamide resin obtained from the polyester resin (p 1) and the polyamine (16) described later.
- these resins (p 2) preferred are polyurethane resins and epoxy resins, and more preferred are polyurethane resins.
- the polyester resin (P 1) or the polyester resin (p 1) contains a polyester resin (p 1) or a resin (p 2) having a polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit
- the resin (p 2) having a structural unit is preferably a polyurethane having a polyester resin (p 1) and / or a polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit because of its good adhesion to various adherends. Resin.
- Resin (a) is a polyester resin (p 1) or a resin (p 2) having a polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit, and if necessary, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl resin and polyester resin ( May contain one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyester resins other than P 1), Any resin can be used as long as it can form the ionic dispersion (w).
- the resin (a) contains a polyamide resin, a polyimide resin, a key resin, a phenol resin, a melamine resin, a urea resin, an aniline resin, an ionomer resin, a polycarbonate resin, and the like. May
- Vinyl resin polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, and polyester resin
- Polyester resins other than (p 1) will be described, but other resins can be used in the same manner as these resins.
- the vinyl resin is a polymer obtained by homopolymerizing or copolymerizing vinyl monomers.
- a known polymerization catalyst or the like can be used for the polymerization.
- Examples of the vinyl monomer include the following (5) to (14).
- Aliphatic vinyl hydrocarbons Alkenes having 2 to 12 carbon atoms (eg, ethylene, propylene, butene, isoptylene, pentene, heptene, diisobutylene, octene, dodecene, octadecene, and carbon atoms having 3 to 24 carbon atoms) 1-olefins); alkadienes having 4 to 12 carbon atoms (for example, butadiene, isoprene, 1,4_pentagen, 1,6_hexagen and 1,7-octagen).
- (5-2) Alicyclic vinyl hydrocarbon: mono- or di-cycloalkene having 6 to 15 carbon atoms (for example, cyclohexene, vinylcyclohexene, and ethylidene denbicycloheptene), 5 to 5 carbon atoms 1 2 mono- or di-cycloalkanes (eg (di) cyclopentagen); and terpenes (eg pinene, limonene and indene) and the like.
- mono- or di-cycloalkene having 6 to 15 carbon atoms (for example, cyclohexene, vinylcyclohexene, and ethylidene denbicycloheptene), 5 to 5 carbon atoms 1 2 mono- or di-cycloalkanes (eg (di) cyclopentagen); and terpenes (eg pinene, limonene and indene) and the like.
- Aromatic vinyl hydrocarbon Styrene; Hydrocarbon of styrene (C1-C24 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and / or alkenyl) Substituent (eg, monomethylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 2,4-dimethyl styrene, ethyl styrene, isopropyl styrene, butyl styrene, phenyl styrene, cyclohexyl styrene, benzyl styrene, clothi Benzene, divinylbenzene, divinyltoluene, divinylxylene and trivinylbenzene); and vinylnaphthalene.
- styrene C1-C24 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and / or alkenyl
- Substituent eg, monomethyls
- Unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 3 to 30 carbon atoms for example, (meth) acrylic acid (representing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; the same shall apply hereinafter), isocrotonic acid crotonate and cinnamic acid); carbon Unsaturated dicarboxylic acids of 3 to 30 (anhydrides) (eg (anhydrous) maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, (anhydrous) citraconic acid and mesaconic acid); and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids of 3 to 30 carbon atoms Monoalkyl (1 to 24 carbon atoms) esters of boronic acid (eg monomethyl maleate, monooctadecyl maleate, monoethyl fumarate, monobutyl ester, itaconic acid glycol monoether and citracone) Acid monoeicosyl ester) and the like.
- anhydrides eg (anhydrous) maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid
- Examples of salts of carboxyl group-containing vinyl monomers include alkali metal salts.
- the amine salt is not particularly limited as long as it is an amine compound.
- primary amine such as ethylamine, ptylamine, octylamine
- secondary amine such as jetylamine, dibutylamine
- tertiary amine such astrytylamamine, triptylamamine, etc.
- Examples of the quaternary ammonium salt include tetraethyl ammonium salt, triethyl lauryl ammonium salt, tetrabutyl ammonium salt, and tributyl lauryl ammonium salt.
- carboxyl group-containing vinyl monomer salt examples include sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, monosodium maleate, disodium maleate, potassium acrylate, potassium methacrylate, monopotassium maleate, and acrylic acid.
- examples thereof include lithium, cesium acrylate, ammonium acrylate, calcium acrylate, and aluminum acrylate.
- Sulfo group-containing vinyl monomers and salts thereof Alkene sulfonic acids having 2 to 14 carbon atoms (for example, vinyl sulfonic acid, (meth) aryl sulfonic acid and methyl vinyl sulfonic acid); styrene sulfonic acid and its alkyl (carbon number) 2-24) derivatives (eg monomethylstyrene sulfonic acid); sulfo (hydroxy) alkyl mono (meth) acrylates having 5 to 18 carbon atoms (eg sulfopropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy mono 3_ (meth)) Acryloxypropyl sulfonic acid, 2_ (meth) acryloyloxyethane sulfonic acid and 3_ (meth) acryloyloxy 2-hydroxypropane sulfonic acid); sulpho (hydroxy) alkyl having 5 to 18 carbon atoms (Meth) acrylamide (e
- CH 2 CHCH 2 OCH 2 CHCH 2 0-A r -R (7-1)
- R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms
- AO represents an alkoxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- n force ⁇ may be the same or different when plural, When different, they are random, block and / or a mixture thereof
- Ar represents a benzene ring
- n represents an integer of 1 to 50
- R ′ represents a carbon number optionally substituted with a fluorine atom 1 to 1 represents an alkyl group of 5
- (Meth) acryloyloxyalkyl phosphate monoester (alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms) (for example, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acryloyl phosphate and phenyl _2-acryloyloxetyl phosphate),
- (Meth) acryloyloxyalkylphosphonic acid (alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms) (for example, 2-acryloyloxychetylphosphonic acid).
- the salt (6) carboxyl group-containing vinyl monomers and the counter ions shown in the salts are used.
- Aminoethyl (meth) acrylate Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, Jetylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, t_Ptylaminoethyl methacrylate, N-Aminoethyl (meth) acrylamide, (Meth) arylamine, Morpholine Tyl (meth) acrylate, 4_vinylpyridine, 2_vinylpyridine, crotylamine, N, N-dimethylaminostyrene, methyl monoacetaminoacrylate, vinylimidazole, N-bibirubyrol, N-vinylthiopyrrolidone, N-aryl diamine diamine, aminocarbazole, aminothiazole, aminoindole, aminopyrrole, aminoimidazole, aminomercaptothiazole, salts thereof, etc.
- Trimethylammoniotil (meth) acrylate lid methyldi Ethylammonethyl (meth) acrylate bromide, trimethylammonethyl (meth) acrylamidomethosulphate, benzyljetyl ammoniotil (meth) acrylamidocarbonate, dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride, trimethylallyl Ammonium chloride etc.
- Glucidyl (meth) acrylate ⁇ trahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, p_vinylphenyl phenyl oxide, etc.
- Vinyl chloride vinyl bromide, vinylidene chloride, aryl chloride, chlorostyrene, bromostyrene, dichlorostyrene, chloromethylstyrene, ⁇ trifluorostyrene, black mouth plane, etc.
- any of the above monomers (5) to (14) may be combined in a binary or higher number.
- a polymer copolymerized at an arbitrary ratio is used.
- polymers examples include styrene mono (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene monobutadiene copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid mono (meth) acrylic ester copolymer, styrene monoacrylonitrile copolymer, Styrene (anhydrous) maleic acid copolymer, Styrene one (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, Styrene one (meth) acrylic acid one divinylbenzene copolymer and Styrene one styrene sulfonic acid one (meth) acrylic ester Examples include copolymers.
- the resin (a) needs to be present as the resin particles (A) in the aqueous dispersion (W), at least the conditions under which the aqueous dispersion (X 1) is formed (5 to 90 It is preferable that the resin (a) is not completely dissolved in water. Therefore, when the vinyl resin is a copolymer, the ratio of the hydrophobic monomer to the hydrophilic monomer constituting the vinyl resin is generally 10% by weight or more depending on the type of monomer selected. Preferably, it is more preferably 30% by weight or more. If the ratio of the hydrophobic monomer is 10% by weight or less, the vinyl resin tends to be water-soluble, and the particle size uniformity of the resin particles (C) may be impaired.
- the hydrophilic monomer means a monomer you dissolve 1 00 g or more to 25 ° ⁇ water 1 00 ⁇ , the hydrophobic monomer, the other monomer (25 ° C water 1 00 a monomer that does not dissolve more than 100 g in g) (the same applies to the following resins).
- polyurethane resin examples include polyisocyanate (15) and active hydrogen compound (D) ⁇ water, polyol [the diol (1) and the trivalent to octavalent polyol (2)], the dicarboxylic acid Acid (3), polyadducts with the above-mentioned tri- to hexavalent polycarboxylic acids (4), polyamines (16), polythiols (17), etc. ⁇ . I can get lost.
- a known polymerization catalyst or the like can be used for the polyaddition.
- polyisocyanate carbon number (excluding carbon in NCO group, the same shall apply hereinafter) 6-20 aromatic polyisocyanate, C2-C18 aliphatic polyisocyanate Isocyanates, alicyclic polyisocyanates having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, araliphatic polyisocyanates having 8 to 15 carbon atoms, and modified products of these polyisocyanates and mixtures of two or more of these Is mentioned.
- aromatic polyisocyanate examples include 1, 3_ or 1, 4 — phenylene diisocyanate, 2, 4_ or 2, 6_ tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), crude TDI, 2, 4 '— or 4, 4 ′ — Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MD I), crude MD I [crude diaminophenyl methane [condensation product of formaldehyde and aromatic amine (aniline) or a mixture thereof] A mixture of diaminodiphenylmethane and a small amount (eg 5 to 20% by weight) of a tri- or higher functional polyamine]: Polyaryl polysocyanate (PA PI)], 1, 5 _naphthylene diisocyanate, 4, 4 ' , 4 "-triphenylmethane triisocyanate, m- or p-isocyanatophenylsulfonyl isocyanate.
- PA PI Polyaryl polysocyanate
- aliphatic polyisocyanate examples include ethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 1, 6 , 1 1-Undecane triisocyanate, 2, 2, 4_trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, 2, 6-diisocyanatomethyl caproate, bis (2-isocyanate) Nathetyl) fumarate, bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) carbonate, 2_isocyanatoethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexanoate.
- HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
- dodecamethylene diisocyanate 1, 6 , 1 1-Undecane triisocyanate
- 2, 2, 4_trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate lysine diisocyanate
- 2, 6-diisocyanatomethyl caproate
- alicyclic polyisocyanate examples include isophorone disocyanate (IPDI), dicyclohexylmethane-1,4'-diisocyanate (hydrogenated MD I), cyclohexylene diisocyanate. , Methylcyclohex Sylene diisocyanate (hydrogenated TD I), bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) _4-cyclohexene 1,2-dicarboxylate, 2,5_ or 2,6-norbornane diisocyanate, etc. Is mentioned.
- IPDI isophorone disocyanate
- MD I dicyclohexylmethane-1,4'-diisocyanate
- TD I Methylcyclohex Sylene diisocyanate
- bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) _4-cyclohexene 1,2-dicarboxylate 2,5_ or 2,6-norbornane diisocyanate, etc
- araliphatic polyisocyanate examples include m_ or p-xylylene diisocyanate (XD I),,,, ', and' titanium tramethyl xylylene diisocyanate (TMXD I). Can be mentioned.
- the modified polyisocyanate may be modified with urethane, carbodiimide, alophanate, urea, burette, uretdione, uretoimine, isocyanurate, or oxazolidone.
- modified products include modified MD I (urethane modified MD I, carboposite modified MD I, trihydrocarbyl phosphate modified MD I, etc.), urethane modified TDI, etc., and mixtures of two or more thereof (for example, modified MDI and urethane In combination with modified TDI (isocyanate-containing prepolymer).
- aromatic polyisocyanates having 6 to 15 carbon atoms
- aliphatic polyisocyanates having 4 to 12 carbon atoms
- alicyclic polyisocyanates having 4 to 15 carbon atoms.
- Particularly preferred are TDI, MD I, HD I, hydrogenated MD I, and IPDI.
- Examples of the polyamine (16) include aliphatic polyamines having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, alicyclic polyamines having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, heterocyclic polyamines having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, carbon numbers Examples thereof include 6 to 20 aromatic polyamines, polyamidopolyamines and polyether polyamines.
- Alkylenediamine ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, tramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, etc.
- polyalkylene alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms
- polyamine diethylenetriamine, iminobis Propylamine, bis (hexamethylene) triamine, Triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, etc.
- Piperazine N-aminoethylpiperazine, 1,4-diaminoethylpiperazine, 1,4-bis (2-amino-2-methylpropyl) piperazine, etc.
- Aromatic polyamine having a secondary amino group [Aromatic polyamine of the above [1] to [3] A part or all of one NH 2 is one N H_R ′ (R ′ is an alkyl group such as Substituted with lower alkyl groups such as methyl and ethyl)
- Dicarboxylic acid such as dimer acid
- excess (more than 2 moles per mole of acid) polyamine such as alkylene diamine, polyalkylene polyamine
- Low molecular weight polyamidopolyamines obtained by condensation.
- polythiol (17) examples include ethylenedithiol, 1,4-butanedithiol, 1,6-hexanedithiol, and the like.
- Examples of the epoxy resin include a ring-opening polymer of polyepoxide (18), a polyadduct of polyepoxide (18) and the active hydrogen compound (D), or polyepoxide (18) and the dicarboxylic acid. (3) or a cured product of a tri- to hexavalent polycarboxylic acid (4) with an acid anhydride.
- the polyepoxide (18) is not particularly limited as long as it has two or more epoxy groups in the molecule.
- a preferable polyepoxide (18) is one having 2 to 6 epoxy groups in the molecule from the viewpoint of mechanical properties of the cured product.
- the epoxy equivalent of polyepoxide (18) (molecular weight per epoxy group) is preferably from 65 to 100, and more preferably from 90 to 500. Within this range, the water resistance, chemical resistance, and mechanical strength of the cured product will be even better. It is difficult to synthesize polyepoxides with an epoxy equivalent of less than 65.
- polyepoxide (18) examples include aromatic polyepoxides, heterocyclic polyepoxides, alicyclic polyepoxides, and aliphatic polyepoxides.
- aromatic polyepoxide examples include glycidyl ether of polyhydric phenol, polyhydric phenol glycidyl ester, glycidyl aromatic polyamine, and glycidylated aminophenol.
- the glycidyl ethers of polyvalent phenols include bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol B diglycidyl ether, bisphenol AD diglycidyl ether, bisphenol S diglycidyl ether, and bis halides.
- Examples of the glycidyl ester of polyvalent phenol include diglycidyl phthalate, diglycidyl isophthalate, and diglycidyl ester phthalate.
- Examples of glycidyl aromatic polyamines include N, N-diglycidyl dilin, N, N, N ', N' — ⁇ traglycidyl xylylenediamine, N, N, N ' , ⁇ '— Tetraglycidyldiphenylmethanediamine.
- glycidylated aminophenols include glycidyl ethers of ⁇ -aminophenol.
- Aromatic polyepoxy compounds include diglycidyluretan compounds obtained by addition reaction of tolylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane diisocyanate and glycidol, tolylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane. Also included are glycidyl group-containing polyurethane (pre) polymers obtained by reacting diisocyanate, glycidol and polyol, and diglycidyl ethers of AO adducts of bisphenol A.
- pre glycidyl group-containing polyurethane
- heterocyclic polyepoxide examples include trisglycidylmelamine.
- Alicyclic polyepoxides include vinylcyclohexene dioxide, limonene dioxide, dicyclopentadiene oxide, bis (2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ether, ethylene glycol bisepoxy dicyclopentyl ether, 3 , 4—epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl 3 ′, 4′—epoxy-1-6′—methylcyclohexylcarboxylate, bis (3,4-epoxy-1-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate, and bis (3, 4-epoxy-1, 6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) ptylamine, diglycidyl dimer acid ester and aromatic hydrogenated hydrogenated polyepoxide.
- Examples of the aliphatic polyepoxide include polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols, polyglycidyl esters of polyhydric fatty acids, and glycidyl aliphatic amines.
- Polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols include ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tramethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediglycidyl ether, Polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Poly ⁇ tramethylene Examples include recall diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol I ⁇ monopolyglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, and polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether. .
- Polyglycidyl esters of polyvalent fatty acids include diglycidyl oxalate, diglycidyl malate, diglycidyl succinate, diglycidyl glutarate, diglycidyl adipate, diglycidyl pimelate, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- Examples of the glycidyl aliphatic ammine include N, N, N ', N'- ⁇ glycidylhexamethylene diamine and the like.
- Aliphatic polyepoxy compounds also include (co) polymers of diglycidyl ether and glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
- polyepoxides preferred are aliphatic polyepoxides and aromatic polyepoxides. Two or more polyepoxides of the present invention may be used in combination.
- polyester resin other than the polyester resin (p 1) include the same raw materials as those exemplified as the polyester resin (p 1) except that the titanium catalyst (t) is not used. What is obtained is mentioned, and the preferable one is also the same.
- an aqueous dispersion (W) of resin particles (A) comprising the resin (a), a precursor (b 2 O) or a precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (b), and Oily liquid (OL) composed of an organic solvent
- the oily liquid (OL) may contain a resin (b) if necessary.
- the precursor (b 0) or the oily liquid (OL) is dispersed in the aqueous dispersion (W), the precursor (b 2 O) is reacted, and the resin comprising the resin (b)
- the resin particles (A) are adsorbed on the surface of the resin particles (B), so the resin particles (B) or the resin particles (C) are difficult to unite.
- the resin particles (c) are less likely to break up. Due to such a phenomenon, the particle diameter of the resin particles (C) is converged to a constant value, and as a result, resin particles having a uniform particle diameter are obtained. Therefore, the resin particles (A) have such a strength that they are not destroyed by shearing at the temperature when the precursor (b 2 O) or the like is dispersed, are not easily dissolved in water, and are not easily swelled. It is preferred that it is difficult to dissolve or swell in (b 2 O) or oily liquid (OL).
- the glass transition temperature (T g) of the resin (a) is from 0 to 300 from the viewpoints of uniformity of the particle size of the resin particles (C), powder flowability, heat resistance during storage, and stress resistance. ° C is preferred, more preferably 20 to 250 ° C, more preferably 50 to 200 ° C. If the Tg is lower than the temperature at which the aqueous resin dispersion (X 1) is produced, the effect of preventing coalescence and preventing splitting is reduced, and the effect of improving the uniformity of particle size is reduced. .
- the molecular weight of the resin (a) is reduced from the viewpoint of reducing the resin particles (A) from being dissolved or swollen in the aqueous solvent ⁇ and a solvent comprising an organic solvent (U) if necessary. It is preferable to appropriately adjust the SP value, crystallinity, molecular weight between cross-linking points, and the like.
- the Mn of the resin (a) is preferably 2 to 5 million, more preferably 2,000 to 500,000.
- the SP value is preferably 7 to 18 and more preferably 8 to 14.
- the melting point (measured by DSC) of the resin (a) is preferably 50 ° C or higher, more preferably 80 ° C or higher.
- a tri- or higher functional monomer in the resin (a) as a raw material. May be introduced.
- Such a cross-linked structure may be any cross-linked form such as covalent bond, coordinate bond, ionic bond, hydrogen bond, and the like.
- the molecular weight between crosslinking points is preferably 30 or more, and more preferably 50 or more.
- resin particles (A) adhering to resin particles (B) are separated and removed to obtain an aqueous dispersion (X 2) of resin particles (B)
- a crosslinked structure is not introduced into resin (a).
- the method of turning the resin (a) into the aqueous dispersion (W) of the resin particles (A) is not particularly limited, but includes the following [1] to [8].
- an aqueous dispersion of resin particles (A) is directly produced by a polymerization reaction such as suspension polymerization method, emulsion polymerization method, seed polymerization method or dispersion polymerization method using monomer as a starting material. Method.
- Resin prepared in advance by polymerization reaction may be mechanical rotation type or jet type, etc.
- the resin particles are obtained by pulverizing using a fine pulverizer and then classified, and then dispersed in an aqueous solvent in the presence of an appropriate dispersant to produce a resin dispersion of resin particles (A). Method.
- a resin solution prepared by dissolving a resin previously prepared in a polymerization reaction in an organic solvent (U) is dispersed in an aqueous solvent in the presence of an appropriate dispersant.
- a known surfactant (S), water-soluble polymer (T) or the like can be used as the emulsifier or dispersant used in combination.
- an organic solvent (U), a plasticizer (V) and the like can be used in combination as an emulsification or dispersion aid.
- Surfactant (S) includes anionic surfactant (S_ 1), cationic surfactant (S-2), amphoteric surfactant (S-3), nonionic surfactant (S_ 1), anionic surfactant (S_ 1), cationic surfactant (S-2), amphoteric surfactant (S-3), nonionic surfactant (S_ 1), anionic surfactant (S_ 2), cationic surfactant (S-2), amphoteric surfactant (S-3), nonionic surfactant (S).
- Surfactant (S) may be a combination of two or more surfactants.
- anionic surfactant (S-1) examples include carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, sulfate ester salt, carboxymethylated salt, sulfonate salt and phosphate ester salt.
- Examples of strong ruponic acid or a salt thereof include saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms or a salt thereof.
- strong puric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid examples include a mixture of higher fatty acids obtained by saponifying stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid and coconut oil, palm kernel oil, rice bran oil, beef tallow and the like.
- Examples of the salt include salts of sodium, potassium, ammonium, alkanolamine and the like.
- sulfate ester salt higher alcohol sulfate ester salt (8 to 1 carbon atoms) 8 fatty alcohol sulfate ester), higher alkyl ether sulfate ester (sulfate ester salt of EO 1-10 mol adduct of 8 to 18 carbon atoms), sulfated oil (natural Unsaturated fats or unsaturated waxes and neutralized by sulfation), sulfated fatty acid esters (sulfurized and neutralized lower alcohol esters of unsaturated fatty acids) and sulfated olefins (carbon number) 1 to 18 olefins sulfated and neutralized).
- the salt include sodium salt, potassium salt, ammonium salt, and alkanolamine salt.
- higher alcohol sulfates include octyl alcohol sulfate, decyl alcohol sulfate, lauryl alcohol sulfate, stearyl alcohol sulfate, alcohol synthesized using Ziegler catalyst (for example, AL FO L 1 2 1 4: CON D EA's sulfate ester salt, alcohol synthesized by the oxo method (for example, Tride Kiln: manufactured by Kyowa Hakko, oxocol 1 2 1 3, 1 2 1 5, 1 4 1 5: manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd. Dovanol 23, 25, 45, Diadol 1 1 5_L, 1 15 H, 1 35: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical)
- higher alkyl ether sulfate examples include lauryl alcohol EO 2 mol adduct sulfate, octyl alcohol EO 3 mol adduct sulfate, and the like.
- sulfated oils include castor oil, peanut oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, beef tallow, sheep tallow sulfate salts (sodium salt, potassium salt, ammonium salt, alkanolamine salt) Etc.
- sulfated fatty acid esters include salts of sulfates such as butyl oleate and butyl ricinoleate (sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, alkanolamine salts) and the like.
- sulfated olefins include teepol (manufactured by Shield).
- the salt of the carboxymethylated product is an aliphatic alcohol having 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
- carboxymethylated salts of aliphatic alcohols include: octyl alcohol carboxymethylated sodium salt, decyl alcohol carboxymethylated sodium salt, lauryl alcohol carboxymethylated sodium salt, sec_tridecanol 2 3 carboxymethylated sodium Salt, tridecanol carboxymethylated sodium salt and the like.
- salts of carboxymethylated EO 1 to 10 mol adducts of aliphatic alcohols include octyl alcohol EO 3 mol adduct carboxymethylated sodium salt, lauryl alcohol EO 4 mol adduct carboxymethyl Sodium salt, sec_tridecanol 2 3 EO 3 mol adduct carboxymethylated sodium salt, tridecanol EO 5 mol adduct carboxymethylated sodium salt and the like.
- Examples of the sulfonate include (d 1) alkylbenzene sulfonate, (d 2) alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, (d 3) sulfosuccinic acid diester type, (d 4) monoolefin sulfonate ( Tepol), (d 5) Igepon T-type, (d 6) sulfonates of other aromatic ring-containing compounds.
- Specific examples of the alkylbenzene sulfonate include sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
- alkyl naphthalene sulfonate examples include sodium dodecyl naphthalene sulfonate and the like.
- sulfosuccinic acid diester type examples include sulfosuccinic acid di_2-ethylhexyl ester sodium salt.
- sulfonates of aromatic ring-containing compounds include mono- or disulfonates of alkylated diphenyl ethers, styrenated phenol sulfonates, and the like.
- Examples of the phosphate ester salt include (e 1) a higher alcohol phosphate ester salt and (e 2) a higher alcohol EO adduct phosphate ester salt.
- Specific examples of the higher alcohol phosphate salt include lauryl alcohol phosphate monoester dinatrine salt, lauryl alcohol phosphate diester sodium salt, and the like.
- Specific examples of the higher alcohol E O adduct phosphate ester salt include oleyl alcohol E O 5 mol adduct phosphate monoester dinatrium salt.
- Examples of the cationic surfactant (S-2) include quaternary ammonium salt type and amine salt type.
- the quaternary ammonium salt forms include lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, dioctyldimethylammonium bromide, and stearyltrimethylammonium bromide. , Lauryl dimethyl pentyl ammonium chloride (benzalkonium chloride), cetyl pyridinium chloride, polyoxyethylene trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearamide ethylethyl chloride ammonium sulfate, etc. .
- the amine salt type includes primary to tertiary amines such as inorganic acids (hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydroiodic acid, etc.) or organic acids (acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, darconic acid, adipic acid, alkyl It can be obtained by neutralization with phosphoric acid.
- Primary amines Salt types include inorganic or organic acid salts of higher aliphatic amines (higher amines such as laurylamine, stearylamine, cetylamine, hardened tallowamine, and rosinamine); higher fatty acids (stearic acid) And oleic acid) and the like.
- Secondary amine amine types include inorganic acid salts or organic acid salts such as EO adducts of aliphatic amines.
- Tertiary amine salt types include aliphatic amines (such as triethylamine, ethyldimethylamine, N, N, N ', N'— ⁇ -tramethylethylenediamine), and EO (2 Adducts, cycloaliphatic amines (N-methylpyrrolidine, N-methylbiperidine, N-methylhexamethyleneimine, N-methylmorpholine, 1,8-diazabicyclo (5, 4, 0) _ 7 _ Undecene etc.) to nitrogen Examples include inorganic acid salts or organic acid salts of telocyclic aromatic amines (such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine, N-methylimidazole, and 4,4'-dipyridyl).
- amphoteric surfactant (S-3) examples include carboxylate-type amphoteric surfactants.
- Examples of the carboxylate-type amphoteric surfactants include amino acid-type amphoteric surfactants, betaine-type amphoteric surfactants, and imidazoline-type amphoteric surfactants.
- the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant having an amino group and a carboxyl group in the molecule, and examples thereof include compounds represented by the following general formula.
- R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group; n is 1 or 2; m is 1 or 2; M is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth metal atom, an ammonium cation, an amine] Cations, alkanolamine cations, etc. ]
- amino acid type amphoteric surfactants include, for example, alkylaminobupoic acid type amphoteric surfactants (sodium stearylaminopropionate, sodium laurylaminopropionate, etc.); alkylaminoacetic acid type amphoteric surfactants Agents (such as sodium laurylaminoacetate); glycine-type amphoteric surfactants (such as sodium lauroylglycine, sodium lauryldiaminoethylglycine, lauryldiaminoethylglycine hydrochloride, dioctyldiaminoethylglycine hydrochloride) and the like.
- alkylaminobupoic acid type amphoteric surfactants sodium stearylaminopropionate, sodium laurylaminopropionate, etc.
- alkylaminoacetic acid type amphoteric surfactants Agents such as sodium laurylamino
- Betaine-type amphoteric surfactants are amphoteric surfactants that have a quaternary ammonium salt-type cationic moiety and a carboxylic acid-type anionic moiety in the molecule, for example, alkyldimethylbetaine (stearyl). Dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine), amide betaine (coconut oil fatty acid aminopropyl betaine, etc.), alkyl dihydroxyalkyl betaine (lauryl dihydroxyethyl betaine, etc.) .
- alkyldimethylbetaine stearyl
- Dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine
- amide betaine coconut oil fatty acid aminopropyl betaine, etc.
- alkyl dihydroxyalkyl betaine laauryl dihydroxyethyl betaine, etc.
- Examples of the imidazoline-type amphoteric surfactants include 2-undecyl-N-force ruboxymethyl_N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine.
- Examples of the nonionic surfactant (S-4) include AO addition type nonionic surfactants and polyhydric alcohol type nonionic surfactants.
- the AO addition-type nonionic surfactant can directly add AO to a higher alcohol, higher fatty acid or alkylamine, or can a higher fatty acid react with a polyalkylene glycol obtained by adding AO to glycol? Alternatively, it can be obtained by adding AO to the esterified product obtained by reacting a polyhydric alcohol with a higher fatty acid or by adding AO to a higher fatty acid amide.
- Preferred among AO are EO and random or block adducts of EO and PO.
- the number of moles of AO added is preferably 10 to 50 moles, and 50 to 100% by weight of the AO is preferably EO.
- AO-added nonionic surfactant examples include oxyalkylene alkyl ethers (eg, octyl alcohol EO adduct, lauryl alcohol EO adduct, stearyl alcohol EO adduct, oleyl alcohol EO Adducts, lauryl alcohol EO ⁇ PO block adducts, etc.; Polyoxyalkylene higher fatty acid esters (eg, stearyl acid EO adduct, lauric acid EO adducts, etc.); Polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol higher fatty acid esters (eg, Lauric acid diester of polyethylene glycol, oleic acid diester of polyethylene glycol, stearic acid diester of polyethylene glycol, etc .; polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether (eg, nonylphenol EO adduct, nonylphenol) ⁇ ⁇ PO block adduct, octyl
- polyhydric alcohol type nonionic surfactant examples include polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester A O adducts, polyhydric alcohol alkyl ethers, polyhydric alcohol alkyl ether A O adducts.
- polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters include pentaerythri! ⁇ One monolaurate, Pentaerythri I ⁇ One monomonolate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan dilaurate, sorbitandiolate, sucrose monostearate.
- polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester AO adducts include ethylene glycol monooleate EO adduct, ethylene glycol monostearate EO adduct, trimethylolpropane monostearate EO PO random adduct, sorbitan Examples include monolaurate EO adduct, sorbitan monostearate EO adduct, sorbitan distearate EO adduct, sorbitan dilaurate EO PO random adduct.
- polyhydric alcohol alkyl ethers include pentaerythri! ⁇ Monobutyl ether, pentaerythritol I ⁇ monomonolauryl ether, sorbitan monomethyl ether, sorbitan monostearyl ether, methyl daricoside, lauryl glycoside and the like.
- polyhydric alcohol alkyl ether AO adducts include sorbitan monostearyl ether EO adduct, methyldaricoside ⁇ PO ⁇ PO random adduct, lauryl glycoside EO adduct, sularyl glycoside EO ⁇ PO And random adducts.
- water-soluble polymer (T) examples include cellulose compounds (for example, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxy cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and saponified products thereof), gelatin , Starch, dextrin, gum arabic, chitin, chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl Pyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyethyleneimine, polyacrylamide, acrylic acid (salt) containing polymer (sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, neutralized sodium hydroxide of polyacrylic acid) , Sodium acrylate acrylic acid copolymer), sodium hydroxide (partial) styrene monomaleic anhydride copolymer, water-soluble polyurethane (polyethylene glycol, polyprolacton diol, etc. and polysocyanate) Reaction products, etc.).
- cellulose compounds for example
- the organic solvent (U) may be added to the aqueous solvent as necessary when emulsifying and dispersing the resin (a), or an oily liquid containing the precursor (b O) in the emulsified dispersion. (OL) Medium] may be added.
- organic solvent (U) examples include an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent ⁇ toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, ⁇ traline, etc. ⁇ ; an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent
- Halogen solvent ⁇ methyl chloride, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, methylene dichloride, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, etc. ⁇ ; ester or ester ether solvent ⁇ ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methoxybutylacetate, Methyl acetate sorb acetate, ethyl acetate sorbate, etc.; Ether solvent ⁇ Jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethyl acetate sorb, butyl acetate solvate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc. ⁇ ; Ketone solvent ⁇ Acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl Isopuchiruketon, di _ n _ Puchiruketon, cyclohexane, etc.
- alcohol solvents ⁇ methanol, ethanol, n - propanol, isopropanol, n- butanol, isobutanol t-butanol, 2_ethylhexyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, etc.;; Amide solvent ⁇ Dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc. ⁇ ; Sulfoxide solvent ⁇ Dimethylsulfoxide, etc. ⁇ ; Heterocyclic compound solvent ⁇ N_methylpyrrolidone, etc. ⁇ and a mixture of two or more of these.
- the organic solvent (U) used in the aqueous solvent is miscible with water at 25 ° C in any proportion. Solvents ⁇ acetone, methanol, etc. ⁇ are preferred.
- the plasticizer (V) may be added to an aqueous solvent as necessary when the resin (a) is emulsified and dispersed, or in the emulsified dispersion [precursor (b 2 O) or oily liquid ( OL) Medium] may be added.
- the plasticizer (V) is not limited in any way.
- V 1 Phthalate ester [Dibutyl phthalate, Dioctyl phthalate, Butyl benzyl phthalate, Diisodecyl phthalate, etc.]
- V 2 Aliphatic 2 Basic acid esters [di_2_ethyl hexyl adipate, 1-2-ethyl hexyl sebacate, etc.];
- V4) Phosphate ester [triethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate_2_ethylhexyl, tricresyl phosphate, etc.];
- V 5) fatty acid ester [butyl oleate, etc.] V 6) and these two types A mixture of the above is mentioned.
- the particle size of the resin particles (A) is usually smaller than the particle size of the resin particles (B). From the viewpoint of uniformity of the particle size of the obtained resin particles (C) or (B), The value of the diameter ratio [volume average particle diameter of resin particles (A)] is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.3.
- the lower limit of the particle size ratio is more preferably 0.003, particularly preferably 0.005, and the upper limit is more preferably 0.25, particularly preferably 0.1.
- the particle size ratio is larger than 0.3, the resin particles (A) do not adsorb efficiently on the surface of the resin particles (B), so that the particle size distribution of the obtained resin particles (C) tends to be wide.
- the volume average particle diameter of the resin particles (A) may be appropriately adjusted within the range of the particle diameter ratio so as to be a particle diameter suitable for obtaining the resin particles (C) having a desired particle diameter.
- the volume average particle diameter of the resin particles (A) that can be produced is preferably from 0.0005 to 3 Ojum.
- the upper limit is more preferably 2 OjUm, particularly preferably 1 OjUm, most preferably 2 jum, and the lower limit is more preferably 0.01 jUm, particularly preferably 0.02 jUm, most Preferably it is 0.04 jU m.
- resin particles (C) having a product average particle size of 1 m it is preferable that 0.005 to 0.3 m, particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.
- the volume average particle diameter can be measured with a laser type particle size distribution measuring device ⁇ for example, LA-920 (manufactured by Horiba Seisakusho) ⁇ or Coulter counter [for example, product name: Multisizer III (manufactured by Coulter)].
- LA-920 manufactured by Horiba Seisakusho
- Coulter counter for example, product name: Multisizer III (manufactured by Coulter)
- the volume average particle size of the resin particles (B) described later is preferably 0.1 to 30 OjUm.
- the upper limit is more preferably 250 jU m, particularly preferably 20 OjUm, most preferably 20 m, and the lower limit is more preferably 0.5 m, particularly preferably 1 m, most preferably 4 m. is there.
- the resin (b) contains a polyester resin (p 1) or a resin (p 2) having a polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit.
- the resin (a) and the resin (b ) Is a polyester resin (p 1) or polyester resin (p 1) formed in the presence of the titanium catalyst (t) represented by the general formula (I) as a structural unit (
- the resin (b) The polyester resin (p 1) or resin (p 2) may not be contained.
- the precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (b) contains the polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit.
- the polyester resin (b) contains the polyester resin (p 1) or the resin (p 2) having the polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit
- the polyester resin ( A preferable resin (p 2) having P 1) or a polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit is a polyurethane resin having a polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit.
- Resin (b) comprises, in addition to polyester resin (p 1) and resin (p 2), a polyester resin other than polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl resin and polyester resin (p 1) as required.
- a polyester resin other than polyurethane resin epoxy resin, vinyl resin and polyester resin (p 1) as required.
- One or more resins selected from the group may be contained. Specific examples thereof can be the same as those for the resin (a).
- the resin (b) may contain a resin ⁇ such as a dead polymer described later ⁇ other than the resin obtained by reacting the precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (b) if necessary.
- Resins other than the polyester resin (p 1) and the resin (p 2) contained in the resin (b) can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose and purpose. Generally preferred are polyester resins other than polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, vinyl resins, and polyester resins (p 1), more preferably polyester resins other than vinyl resins, polyurethane resins, polyester resins (p 1), and combinations thereof. It is.
- Mn, melting point, Tg, SP value of resin (b) is resin particle (C) or resin particle
- the Mn of the resin (b) is preferably 2,000 to 500,000, more preferably 4 , 000 ⁇ 200,000.
- the melting point of the resin (b) is preferably 0 to 200 ° C, more preferably 35 to 150 ° C.
- the T g of the resin (b) is preferably from 60 to 100 ° C, more preferably from _30 to 60 ° C.
- the SP value of the resin (b) is preferably 7 to 18, more preferably 8 to 14.
- M n of resin (b) is 2 10 to 10 million is preferable, more preferably 40,000 to 2 million. is there.
- the melting point of the resin (b) is preferably 40 to 300 ° C, more preferably 70 to 250 ° C.
- the T g of the resin (b) is preferably _0 to 250 ° C, more preferably 50 to 200 ° C.
- the SP value of the resin (b) is preferably 8 to 18, more preferably 9 to 14.
- Mn of resin (b) Is preferably 1,000 to 5,000,000, more preferably 2,000 to 500,000.
- the melting point of the resin (b) is preferably 20 to 300 ° C, more preferably 80 to 250 ° C.
- the Tg of the resin (b) is preferably 20 to 200 ° C, more preferably 40 to 100 ° C.
- the SP value of the resin (b) is preferably 8 to 16, more preferably 9 to 14.
- an aqueous dispersion (W) of resin particles (A) comprising a resin (a), a precursor (b 2 O) or a precursor (b 2 O) of a resin (b), and Oily liquid (OL) composed of organic solvent [In the oily liquid (OL), the resin (b) may be contained if necessary. ], The precursor (b 0) or the oily liquid (OL) is dispersed in the aqueous dispersion (W), and the precursor (b O) is further reacted to obtain resin particles (A).
- resin particles (B) consisting of resin (b) in an aqueous dispersion of resin
- resin particles (C) With a structure in which resin particles (A) are attached to the surface of resin particles (B) (C)
- An aqueous dispersion (X 1) is obtained.
- a dispersing device When dispersing the precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (b) or the oily liquid (OL) composed of the precursor (b 2 O) and an organic solvent into the aqueous dispersion (W), a dispersing device may be used. You can.
- the dispersing device is not particularly limited as long as it is commercially available as an emulsifying machine or a dispersing machine.
- a batch type emulsifying machine homogenizer (manufactured by IKA), polytron (manufactured by Kinematic Power Company), TK Auto Homo Mixer (made by Special Machine Industries Co., Ltd.), etc., Continuous Emulsifier ⁇ Ebara Milder (made by Ebara Corporation), TK Fill Mix, TK Pipeline Homo Mixer (made by Special Machine Industries Co., Ltd.), Colloid Mill (Shinko) Pantech), Thrasher, Trigonal Wet Fine crusher (Mitsui Miike Chemical Co., Ltd.), Capitrone (Eurotech Co., Ltd.), Fine Flow Mill (Pacific Machine Co., Ltd.), etc., High-pressure emulsifier ⁇ Microfluidizer (Mizuho Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Nanomizer 1 (manufactured by Nanom
- a batch type emulsifier preferred from the viewpoint of uniform particle size are a batch type emulsifier, a continuous type emulsifier, a high pressure emulsifier, and more preferably A PV Gaurin, homogenizer, TK auto homomixer, Ebara milder, TK fill mix.
- TK pipeline homomixer preferred from the viewpoint of uniform particle size are a batch type emulsifier, a continuous type emulsifier, a high pressure emulsifier, and more preferably A PV Gaurin, homogenizer, TK auto homomixer, Ebara milder, TK fill mix.
- TK pipeline homomixer preferred from the viewpoint of uniform particle size are a batch type emulsifier, a continuous type emulsifier, a high pressure emulsifier, and more preferably A PV Gaurin, homogenizer, TK auto homomixer, Ebara milder, TK fill mix.
- TK pipeline homomixer preferred from the viewpoint of uniform particle size
- the precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (b) is dispersed in the aqueous dispersion (W) of the resin particles (A)
- the precursor (b 2 O) is preferably a liquid.
- the precursor (b 2 O) is solid at room temperature, it may be dispersed at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the precursor (b 2 O).
- the viscosity of the oily liquid (OL) comprising the precursor (b 2 O) or the precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (b) and an organic solvent is preferably 10 to 50,000 from the viewpoint of particle size uniformity.
- m Pa s measured with a B-type viscometer, temperature during dispersion, more preferably 100 to 10,000 m Pa s.
- the temperature during dispersion is preferably 0 to 150 ° C (under pressure), more preferably 5 to 98 ° C.
- the viscosity is high, it is preferable to carry out emulsification dispersion by raising the temperature and lowering the viscosity to the preferred range.
- the organic solvent used in the oily liquid (OL) is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that can dissolve the precursor (b 2 O) at a temperature of 25 ° C to a dispersion temperature.
- U the same thing as U) is illustrated. What is preferable varies depending on the type of the resin (b) obtained from the precursor (b 2 O), but it is preferable that the SP value difference with the resin (b) is 3 or less. Further, from the viewpoint of the particle size uniformity of the resin particles (C), a solvent that dissolves the resin (b) but does not easily dissolve and “swell” the resin particles (A) made of the resin (a) is preferable.
- the precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (b) is not particularly limited as long as it can be converted into the resin (b) by a chemical reaction.
- the resin (b) is a vinyl resin
- the body (b 2 O) include the vinyl monomers described above (which may be used alone or in combination).
- the resin (b) is a condensation resin (for example, a polyurethane resin, an epoxy resin, and a polyester resin)
- the precursor (b 2 O) includes a prepolymer ( ⁇ ) having a reactive group and a curing agent (; The combination of 5) is illustrated.
- the method of reacting the precursor (b 2 O) to form a resin (b) includes, for example, an oil-soluble initiator, a vinyl monomer and, if necessary, A method in which an organic solvent (U) is dispersed and suspended in an aqueous dispersion (W) of resin particles (A) in the presence of a water-soluble polymer (T) and a radical polymerization reaction is carried out by heating (so-called suspension weight).
- examples include a method of emulsifying the solution and performing a radical polymerization reaction by heating (so-called emulsion polymerization method).
- the polyester resin (p 1) is reacted with the polyester resin (p 1) in advance using a vinyl monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with the functional group (hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, etc.) of the polyester resin (p 1).
- a vinyl resin having the resin (p 1) as a structural unit can be obtained.
- oil-soluble or water-soluble initiator examples include peroxide polymerization initiators
- the redox polymerization initiator (III) may be formed by using a peroxide polymerization initiator (I) and a reducing agent in combination. Furthermore, two or more of (I) to (III) may be used in combination.
- Oil-soluble peroxide polymerization initiators Acetyl cyclohexyl sulfonyl peroxide, Isoptylyl peroxide, Diisopropyl 1-year-old xydicarbonate, di-2-ethylhexylcarbonate, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, t-butyl baroxybivalate, 3, 5, 5_trimethyl Xanonyl peroxide, octanoyl peroxide, decanoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, stearoyl peroxide, propionyl peroxide, succinic acid peroxide, acetyl bar Oxide, t-Butyloxy _2-ethylhexanoate, Benzylperoxide, Parachlorobenzoyl peroxide, t_Butylperoxyisoptylate, t-butylperoxymaleate Cyd, t-but
- Water-soluble peroxide polymerization initiators hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and the like.
- Oil-soluble azo polymerization initiators 2, 2 '— azobisisobutyronitrile, 1, 1 ′ — azobiscyclohexane 1 _carbonitryl, 2, 2'-azobis 4- 1,2-dimethylvaleronitrile, 2,2'-azobis-1,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, dimethyl_2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionate), 1,1'-azobis ( 1—acetoxy 1 —phenylethane, 2, 2 ′ —azobis (4-methoxy 1,2,4_dimethyl) Levaleronitrile) etc.
- (I I-2) Water-soluble azo polymerization initiators: azobisamidinopropane salt, azobiscyanobaric acid (salt), 2, 2 '—azobis [2-methyl-I N- ( 2-hydroxyethyl) propionamide] and the like.
- Non-aqueous redox polymerization initiator oil-soluble peroxide ⁇ hydroperoxide, dialkyl peroxide, diacyl peroxide, etc. ⁇ and oil-soluble reducing agent ⁇ tertiary amine, naphthenate, mercaptan, Combination with organometallic compounds (such as triethylalminium, triethylboryl, and jetylzinc).
- Aqueous redox polymerization initiator water-soluble peroxide ⁇ persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxide, etc. ⁇ and water-soluble inorganic or organic reducing agent (divalent iron) Salt, sodium bisulfite, alcohol, polyamine, etc.).
- the precursor (b 2 O) includes a prepolymer having a reactive group and a curing agent.
- the “reactive group” means a group capable of reacting with the curing agent ( ⁇ ).
- the resin (b) has the polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit
- the precursor (b 2 O) of the precursor (b 2 O) has the polyester resin (p 1) as a structural unit.
- Resin particles (B) comprising resin (b) by dispersing reactive group-containing prepolymer ( ⁇ ) and curing agent (; 5) by heating in aqueous dispersion (W) of (A).
- a reactive group-containing prepolymer (a) or a solvent solution thereof is dispersed in an aqueous dispersion (W) of resin particles (A), and a water-soluble curing agent (; 8) is added and reacted therewith.
- a method of forming resin particles (B) comprising the resin (b); when the reactive group-containing prepolymer ( ⁇ ) is cured by reacting with water, the reactive group-containing prepolymer () or its Water is dispersed by dispersing the solvent solution in the aqueous dispersion (W) of resin particles ( ⁇ ).
- An example is a method of forming resin particles (B) made of the resin (b).
- Examples of the combination of the reactive group possessed by the reactive group-containing prepolymer (H) and the curing agent () include [1] and [2] below.
- the reactive group of the reactive group-containing prepolymer ( ⁇ ) is a functional group ( ⁇ 1) capable of reacting with an active hydrogen compound, and the curing agent (; 5) is an active hydrogen compound ( ⁇ 1). There is a combination.
- Reactive group-containing reactive polymer 00 has active hydrogen-containing group ( ⁇ 2), and curing agent (; 8) is a compound ( ⁇ 2) capable of reacting with active hydrogen-containing group The combination.
- the functional group capable of reacting with the active hydrogen compound (1) includes an isocyanate group (1a), a blocked isocyanate group (1b), an epoxy group (1c), an acid Anhydride group (1,3_oxo_2_oxapropylene group) (1d) and acid halide group (halocarbonyl group) (1e).
- an isocyanate group (1a) a blocked isocyanate group (1b)
- an acid Anhydride group (1,3_oxo_2_oxapropylene group) (1d
- acid halide group halocarbonyl group
- the blocked isocyanate group (1b) refers to an isocyanate group blocked with a blocking agent.
- the blocking agent include oxime [acetoxime, methylisoptyl ketoxime, jetyl ketoxime, cyclopentanone oxime, cyclohexanone oxime, methyl ketyl ketoxime, etc.]; _Valolactam, etc.]; aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 20 carbon atoms [ethanol, methanol, octanol, etc.]; phenol [phenol, m_cresol, xylenol, nonylphenol, etc.]; active methylene compound [acetyl acetone, malonic acid] Ethyl, acetoacetyl acetate, etc.]; basic nitrogen-containing compounds [N, N-jetylhydroxylamine, 2-hydroxypyridine, pyridine N-oxide, 2_mercaptopyridine, etc.]; and mixtures of two blocking agent
- Examples of the structural unit of the reactive group-containing prepolymer () include polyether (w), polyester (X), epoxy resin (a y), and polyurethane (z). Of these, (x), () and ( ⁇ ⁇ ) are preferable, and ( ⁇ ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ⁇ ) are particularly preferable.
- polyether (aw) examples include polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutylene oxide, and poly (tetramethylene oxide).
- polyester (X) examples include the polyester resins (p 1) and / or polyester resins other than the polyester resin (p 1), polylactones (such as ring-opening polymers of ⁇ _force prolactone), and the like.
- epoxy resin (y) examples include addition condensation products of bisphenol (bisphenol A, bisphenol “, bisphenol S, etc.) and epichlorohydrin.
- Polyurethanes (z) include diols (1) and / or polyaddition products of tri- to octavalent polyols (2) and polyisocyanates (15), polyesters ( ⁇ ) and polyisocyanates. Examples include cyanate (15) polyadduct.
- Examples of the method of incorporating a reactive group into polyester (a x), epoxy resin (a y), polyurethane (z), and the like include the following two methods. [1]: A method of leaving the functional group of the constituent at the terminal by using one of two or more constituents in excess.
- the ratio of the polyol component and the polycarboxylic acid component is the equivalent ratio of the hydroxyl group [OH] to the carboxyl group [COOH] [OH] [COOH] is preferably 2 1 to 1.011, more preferably 1.5 1 to 1.01 1, and particularly preferably 1.3 1 to 1.02.
- the ratios are the same except that the components are changed.
- an isocyanate group-containing prepolymer is obtained by reacting the prepolymer obtained in the above method [1] with a polyisocyanate, and by reacting with a blocked polyisocyanate.
- a blocked polyisocyanate group-containing prepolymer is obtained, an epoxy group-containing prepolymer is obtained by reacting a polyepoxide, and an acid anhydride group (1, 3) is obtained by reacting an acid anhydride having 4 or more carbonyl groups.
- the amount of the compound containing a functional group and a reactive group is, for example, when a polyisocyanate is reacted with a hydroxyl group-containing polyester to obtain an isocyanate group-containing polyester prepolymer, and the ratio of the polyisocyanate is
- the equivalent ratio [NCO] / [OH] of the isocyanate group [NCO] and the hydroxyl group [OH] of the hydroxyl group-containing polyester is preferably 5 1 to 1.01, more preferably 4 1 to 1.2. 1, particularly preferably 2.5 1 to 1.5 1 In the case of prepolymers having other skeletons and terminal groups, the ratio is the same as the constituent components are changed.
- the reactive group-containing prepolymer () contains one or more reactive groups per molecule, preferably 1.5 to 3 on average, more preferably average 1. 8-2.5. By setting it in the above range, the molecular weight of the cured product obtained by reacting with the curing agent () is increased.
- the Mn of the reactive group-containing prepolymer (iii) is preferably from 50 to 30, more preferably from 1, 0 to 0 to 20, and particularly preferably. 2, 0 0 0 to 1 0, 0 0 0.
- the Mw of the reactive group-containing prepolymer () is preferably 1, 0 0 0 to 50, 0, 0, more preferably 2, 0 0 to 4 0, 0 0 0, particularly preferably 4. , 0 0 0 to 2 0, 0 0 0.
- the viscosity of the reactive group-containing prepolymer () is preferably not more than 2,00 0 boise, more preferably not more than 1,00 0 boise at 100 ° C.
- the resin particle (C) having a sharp particle size distribution is obtained by setting it to 2,00 0 boise or less.
- Active hydrogen compounds (1) include polyamines (1a), polyols (1b), polymercaptanes (1c) and water (1d), which may be blocked with a detachable compound. Is mentioned. Of these, preferred are (1 a), ( ⁇ ⁇ 1 b) and (1 d), more preferred are (1 a) and (1 d), and particularly preferred is blocked. Polyamine and (1d).
- Examples of the polyamine (1a) include those similar to the polyamine (16). Of these, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane, xylylenediamine, isophorone diamine, ethylenediamine, dimethyltriamine, triethylene ⁇ tolamine and mixtures thereof are preferred.
- the polyamine (/ 3 1 a ) is a polyamine blocked with a detachable compound
- examples thereof include the polyamine and a ketone having 3 to 8 carbon atoms (acetone, methylethylketone, Examples include ketimines obtained from methyl isoptyl ketone), aldimines obtained from aldehydes having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (formaldehyde, acetonitrile), enamines, and oxazolidines.
- Examples of the polyol (1b) are the same as the diol (1) and the tri- to octavalent polyol (2). Diol (1) alone or a mixture of diol (1) and a small amount of polyol (2) is preferred.
- polymer kabutane (81c) examples include ethylenedithiol, 1,4-butanedithiol, 1,6-hexanedithiol, and the like.
- a reaction terminator ⁇ s) can be used together with the active hydrogen compound ⁇ 1).
- a reaction terminator together with the active hydrogen compound (; 51) at a certain ratio, it is possible to adjust the resin (b) to a predetermined molecular weight.
- Reaction terminators ( ⁇ include monoamines (such as jetylamine, dibutylamine, ptylamine, laurylamine, monoethanolamine, and diethanolamine); blocked monoamines (such as ketimine compounds); monools (methanol, ethanol, Examples include isopropanol, butanol, phenol; monomerkabutane (such as butyl mercabtan and lauryl mercabtan); monoisocyanate (such as lauryl isocyanate and phenylisocyanate); monoepoxide (such as butyldaricidyl ether) It is done.
- monoamines such as jetylamine, dibutylamine, ptylamine, laurylamine, monoethanolamine, and diethanolamine
- blocked monoamines such as ketimine compounds
- monools methanol, ethanol, Examples include isopropanol, butanol, phenol; monomerkabutane (such as butyl
- the active hydrogen-containing groups (2) possessed by the reactive group-containing prepolymers (2) in the above combination [2] include amino groups (2a), hydroxyl groups (alcoholic hydroxyl groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups) 2 b), mercapto groups (2c), carboxyl groups (2d), and organic groups (2e) blocked with compounds from which they can be removed.
- amino groups (2a), hydroxyl groups (alcoholic hydroxyl groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups) 2 b), mercapto groups (2c), carboxyl groups (2d), and organic groups (2e) blocked with compounds from which they can be removed preferred are (a 2 a), (a 2 b) and an organic group (2 e) blocked with a compound capable of leaving an amino group, and particularly preferred are (2 b) It is.
- Examples of the organic group blocked with the compound capable of removing the amino group are the same as those in the case of ( ⁇ 1 a).
- Compounds capable of reacting with active hydrogen-containing groups include polyisocyanate (/ 5 2 a), polyepoxide (; 8 2 b), polycarboxylic acid (/ 8 2 c), polyanhydride (/ S 2 d) and polyacid halide ⁇ 2 e). Of these, ( ⁇ 2 a) and ( ⁇ 2 are preferable, and ( ⁇ 2 a) is more preferable.
- Examples of the polyisocyanate ( ⁇ 2 a) include those similar to the polyisocyanate (15), and preferred ones are also the same.
- Examples of the polyepoxide ( ⁇ 2 b) are the same as those of the polyepoxide (18), and preferred ones are also the same.
- Polycarboxylic acids (8 2 c) include dicarboxylic acids (; S 2 C _ 1) and
- Trivalent or higher polycarboxylic acid ( ⁇ 2 c _ 2) and (; S 2 C _ 1) alone
- Examples of the dicarboxylic acid (; S 2 C — 1) include the dicarboxylic acid (3), and the polycarboxylic acid is the same as the trivalent to hexavalent polycarboxylic acid (4). The preferable ones are also the same.
- Polycarboxylic acid anhydride (Examples of ⁇ 2 include pyromellitic acid anhydride.
- Examples of the polyacid halide (2e) include acid halides of the above-mentioned ⁇ 2 c) (acid hydride, acid promide, acid iodide) and the like.
- reaction terminator ( ⁇ S ) can be used together with (2).
- the ratio of the curing agent () is the ratio of the equivalent of the reactive group in the reactive group-containing prepolymer (H) to the equivalent of the active hydrogen-containing group [] in the curing agent [H] / [ ⁇ ] is preferably from 1 2 to 21, more preferably from 1.5 1 to 1 1.5, and particularly preferably from 1.2 1 to 1 1.2.
- the curing agent ( ⁇ ) is water (/ S 1 d)
- water is treated as a divalent active hydrogen compound.
- Resin (b) obtained by reacting a precursor (b 2 O) comprising a reactive group-containing prepolymer ( ⁇ ) and a curing agent (; 5) in an aqueous solvent is resin particles (B) and resin particles It is a constituent of (C).
- the Mw of the resin (b) obtained by reacting the reactive group-containing prepolymer ( ⁇ ) with the curing agent ( ⁇ ) is preferably 3,000 or more. It is preferably 3,000 to 10,000,000, particularly preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000.
- the reaction with the reactive group-containing prepolymer ( ⁇ ) and the curing agent ( ⁇ ) occurs during the reaction of the reactive group-containing prepolymer (H) with the curing agent (/ S).
- a non-performing polymer [so-called dead polymer] can be contained in the system.
- the resin (b) is a mixture of a resin obtained by reacting a reactive group-containing prepolymer () with a curing agent (/ S) and a dead polymer.
- a vinyl resin and a polyester resin are preferable, a polyester resin is more preferable, and a polyester resin (p 1) is particularly preferable.
- Resin (b) dead polymer in the content of [the precursor (b O) a polymer other than the resin obtained by the reaction] is preferably from 0 to 80 wt%, more preferably 5 to 70 wt 0 / o It is.
- additives in the resin particles (A) and / or resin particles (B) may be mixed.
- the aqueous dispersion (X 1) may be mixed in the aqueous dispersion (W). More preferably, after the precursor (b 2 O) of the resin (a) or the resin (b) and the additive are mixed, the mixture is added and dispersed in the aqueous dispersion (W).
- the additive does not necessarily have to be mixed when the particles are formed in the aqueous dispersion (W), and may be added after the particles are formed.
- the colorant is added by a known dyeing method, or the resin particles are impregnated with the organic solvent (U) and / or plasticizer (V). It can also be made.
- Resin (b) The amount of aqueous dispersion (W) used per 100 parts by weight is 50-2 , 000 parts by weight is preferable, and 100 to 1,000 parts by weight is more preferable. Above 50 parts by weight, the dispersion state of the resin (b) is good. It is economical if it is less than 2,000 parts by weight.
- the elongation and cross-linking reaction time is selected depending on the reactivity of the reactive group structure of the prepolymer () and the combination of the curing agent (/ S), but preferably 10 minutes to 40 minutes. Time, more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 0 to 150 ° C, more preferably 50 to 120 ° C.
- a well-known catalyst can be used as needed. Specific examples include dibutyltin laurate and dioctyltin laurate in the case of reaction of isocyanate with an active hydrogen compound.
- the resin particles (C) can be obtained by removing the aqueous solvent from the aqueous dispersion (X 1).
- Examples of the method for removing the aqueous solvent include the following methods.
- the obtained powder when the obtained powder is dried, it can be performed using a known facility such as a fluidized bed dryer, a vacuum dryer, or a circulating dryer. . If necessary, it can be classified using an air classifier to obtain a predetermined particle size distribution.
- the resin particles (A) and the resin particles (B) can have positive and negative charges, or the resin particles (A) And resin particles (B) have the same charge, a surfactant (S) or water-soluble polymer (T) that has a reverse charge to the resin particles (A) and resin particles (B) can be used.
- S surfactant
- T water-soluble polymer
- the resin particles (C) is 0.1 to 50 (preferably 0.2 to 40) weight 0/0 of the resin particles It is preferably composed of (A) and 50 to 99.9 (preferably 60 to 99.8) resin particles (B) having a weight of 0 / o.
- 1. 0 to 1.5 is preferable, 1.0 to 1.45 is more preferable, and 1.05 to 1.15 is particularly preferable.
- the volume average particle size of the resin particles (C) varies depending on the application, but is preferably 0.1 to 300 m.
- the upper limit is more preferably 250 m, particularly preferably 2
- the volume average particle diameter and the number average particle diameter can be simultaneously measured with a Coulter counter.
- the resin particles (C) are formed on the particle surface by changing the particle size of the resin particles (A) and the resin particles (B) and the coverage of the resin particles (B) by the resin particles (A). Desired unevenness can be imparted.
- the surface average center line roughness R a of the resin particles (C) is preferably 0.01 to 0.8 m.
- Ra is a value obtained by arithmetically averaging the absolute value of the deviation between the roughness curve and its center line, and can be measured by, for example, a scanning probe microscope system (manufactured by Toyo Corporation).
- the shape of the resin particles (C) is preferably spherical from the viewpoint of powder flowability, melt leveling properties, and the like.
- the resin particles (A) and the resin particles (B) are also preferably spherical.
- the resin particles (C) preferably have a practical sphericity of Wade I I of 0.85 to 1.00, more preferably 0.90 to 1.0.
- the practical sphericity of Wade I I is obtained from the ratio of the diameter of a circle having an area equal to the projected area of the particle to the diameter of the circle with the smallest area circumscribing the projected image of the particle.
- the projected image of the particles can be taken with, for example, a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- the aqueous resin dispersion (X 2) of the resin particles (B) is obtained by detaching the resin particles (A) from the resin particles (B) in the aqueous dispersion (X 1). Obtained by separating and removing the resin particles (A) from the aqueous dispersion, or dissolving the resin particles (A) in the aqueous dispersion (X 1) without dissolving the resin particles (B). .
- the dissolved resin particles (A) may be separated and removed as necessary.
- resin particles (B) can be obtained by removing the aqueous solvent from the aqueous dispersion (X 2).
- Examples of the method for removing the aqueous solvent include the same method as that for the resin particles (C).
- Examples of the method for desorbing from (B) include the following methods.
- Examples of the method for dissolving the resin particles (A) in the aqueous dispersion (X 1) include the following methods.
- the resin (a) is a resin having an acidic functional group such as a carboxyl group, a phosphono group, or a sulfo group (in general, the molecular weight per acidic functional group is preferably 1,000 or less)
- an acidic functional group such as a carboxyl group, a phosphono group, or a sulfo group (in general, the molecular weight per acidic functional group is preferably 1,000 or less)
- Examples of the method for separating and removing the resin particles (A) or a dissolved product thereof from the aqueous dispersion include the following methods.
- [1] A method in which only resin particles (B) are filtered by filtration using filter paper, filter cloth, mesh or the like having a certain opening.
- [2] A method in which only the resin particles (B) are sedimented by centrifugation, and the resin particles (A) or the lysates thereof contained in the supernatant are removed.
- the coverage of the surface of the resin particles (B) by the resin particles (A) and the depth at which the resin particles (A) are embedded on the resin particles (B) side can be controlled by the following method.
- the resin particles (A) and the resin particles (B) are charged with the same polarity (both positive or both negative) The rate tends to decrease and the depth tends to decrease.
- the use of the surfactant (S) and / or the water-soluble polymer (T) [particularly those having a reverse charge to the resin particles (A) and resin particles (B)] increases the coverage.
- the water-soluble polymer (T) is used, the depth decreases as the molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer (T) increases.
- the resin (a) has an acidic functional group such as a carboxyl group, a phosphono group, or a sulfo group (generally, the molecular weight per acidic functional group is 1, If the pH of the aqueous solvent is lower, the coverage and depth are larger. Conversely, the higher the pH, the smaller the coverage and depth.
- an acidic functional group such as a carboxyl group, a phosphono group, or a sulfo group
- the resin (a) force ⁇ a tree having basic functional groups such as a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, a tertiary amino group, and a quaternary ammonio group
- the molecular weight per basic functional group is preferably 1,000 or less
- the higher the pH of the aqueous solvent the greater the coverage and depth.
- the lower the pH the smaller the coverage and depth.
- the volume average particle size of the resin particles (B) varies depending on the intended use, but is 0.
- the [volume average particle size number average particle size] of the resin particles (B) is preferably 1.0 to 1.5, more preferably 1.0 to 1.4 5. Particularly preferred is 1.05 to 1.15.
- the BET specific surface area of the resin particles (B) is preferably 0.5 to 5.
- Om 2 g, and the surface average center line roughness Ra is
- the shape of the resin particles (B) is preferably spherical from the viewpoint of powder flowability, melt leveling, etc., and the practical sphericity of Wade II is 0.85 to 1.00. It is preferably from 0.90 to 1.00.
- Mn and Mw of resins other than polyurethane resin including polyester resin were measured for the soluble content of tetrahydrofuran (TH F) using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions.
- Mn and Mw of the polyurethane resin were measured under the following conditions using GPC.
- the volume average particle size of the resin particles (A) is determined by the laser particle size distribution analyzer L A-9
- reaction mixture was reacted at 60 ° C. for 4 hours while adding dropwise 761 parts of titanium / trisopropoxide titanium to obtain a slurry-like reaction mixture. Filter the reaction mixture with filter paper and dry at 40 ° CZ 20 k Pa to obtain a mixture of titanium triisopropoxy phthalate and unreacted olephthalic acid.
- the volume average particle size of the [resin particle (A_1) dispersion] was 0.85 jum.
- the T g (measured by DSC) of the resin particles (A-1) was 1 18 ° C.
- the volume average particle diameter of [resin particle (A_2) dispersion] was 0.1 Ojum. Moreover, a part of [resin particle (A_2) dispersion] was dried to isolate resin particle (A_2). The T g of resin particles (A-2) was 148 ° C.
- the NCO content of the [urethane prepolymer 1] solution was 1.1%.
- the volume average particle size of [resin particle (A_3) dispersion] was 0.20 m. Further, after centrifuging a part of the resin particle (A-3) dispersion and adding 10 times weight of water to the resin particle (A-3) and centrifuging the resin particle (A-3) twice, The resin particles (A_3) were isolated by drying ⁇ 40 ° CX 1 2 hours ⁇ . The T g of the resin particles (A-3) was 73 ° C.
- [Polyester resin p 1 -5] was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 7> except that the titanium catalyst (t_3) obtained in Production Example 3 was used instead of the mixture (t 1 1).
- [Polyester resin p 1-5] had a T g of 45 ° C, an Mn of 2560, an Mw of 6200, and an acid value of 25.
- 1,2_propylene glycol 396 parts, terephthalic acid 31 7 parts, adipic acid 67 parts, trimellitic anhydride 9 parts, mixture obtained in Production Example 1 (titanium (Catalyst) (t _ 1) Add 0.25 parts, pressurize ⁇ 0. 3MPa ⁇ and perform dehydration reaction at 230 ° C for 6 hours, then gradually return to normal pressure and excess with condensed water 1, 2-propylene glycol was distilled off.
- the NCO content of the [urethane prepolymer 2] solution was 0.8%.
- [Polyester resin p 1 _ 7] was obtained in the same manner as in the above ⁇ Production Example 10> except that the mixture (titanium catalyst) (t _2) was used instead of the mixture (t _ 1).
- [Polyester resin p 1 _7] had a T g of 43 ° C, an Mn of 5250, an Mw of 22400, and an acid value of 0.6.
- the polyester resin (p 1 _7) is included as a structural unit, and A solution of [urethane prepolymer 3] having an isocyanate group at the molecular end was obtained.
- the NCO content of the [urethane prepolymer 3] solution was 0.7%.
- [Polyester resin p 1-8] was obtained in the same manner as in the above ⁇ Production Example 10> except that a titanium catalyst (t-3) was used instead of the mixture (t_1).
- [Polyester resin p 1 _ 8] is T g 43. C, Mn 5280, Mw 227 00, acid value 1.1. It has a polyester resin ( P 1 _8) as a structural unit in the same manner as in Production Example 10 except that the above [Polyester resin p 1 -8] is used instead of [Polyester resin p 1 -6], and A solution of [urethane prepolymer 4] having an isocyanate group at the terminal was obtained. The NCO content of the [urethane prepolymer 4] solution was 0.7%.
- aqueous dispersion (X 1-1) 100 parts of aqueous dispersion (X 1-1) was centrifuged, and 60 parts of water was added, and the process of centrifugal separation and solid-liquid separation was repeated twice, followed by drying at 35 ° C for 1 hour. Thus, resin particles (C 1) were obtained. Further, 20 parts of ME Koxy-blocked HD I was added to 100 parts of resin particles (C 1), and stirred for 30 minutes with a Henschel mixer to obtain a coating composition (CP 1).
- aqueous dispersion (X1-2), the resin particles (C2), and the paint were prepared in the same manner except that the [aqueous dispersion W2] was used instead of the [aqueous dispersion W1].
- a composition (CP 2) was obtained.
- Example 1> an aqueous dispersion (X1-3), a resin particle (C3), and a paint were prepared in the same manner except that [Aqueous dispersion W3] was used instead of [Aqueous dispersion W1]. A composition (CP 3) was obtained. [0306] Example 4>
- Resin particles (B4) were prepared in the same manner as in Example 10> except that the aqueous dispersion (X 1 _4) obtained in Example 4> was used instead of the aqueous dispersion (X 1-2). And a coating composition (BP 4) was obtained.
- Resin particles (B7) and B were prepared in the same manner as in ⁇ Example 10> except that the aqueous dispersion (X1_7) obtained in ⁇ Example 7> was used instead of the aqueous dispersion (X1-2).
- a coating composition (BP 7) was obtained.
- Comparative aqueous dispersion (HX 1 _ 1) Got. Aqueous dispersion (HX 1 _ 1) Centrifugate 100 parts, add 60 parts of water, centrifuge and repeat solid-liquid separation twice, then dry at 35 ° C for 1 hour for comparison Resin particles (HC 1) were obtained. Further, 20 parts of ME K oxime blocked HD I was added to 100 parts of the resin particles (HC 1), and stirred for 30 minutes with a Henschel mixer to obtain a comparative coating composition (HCP 1).
- HCP 1 comparative coating composition
- Resin particles (C 1) to (C 9) obtained in Examples 1 to 12, Resin particles (B 2), (B 4), (B 7), and Comparative resin particles obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 ( HC 1) ⁇
- HC 3) and (HB 2) volume average particle size and particle size distribution (volume average particle size number average particle size), surface coverage, BET specific surface area, surface average center line roughness, and circularity ( The practical sphericity of Wade II was measured, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- each resin particle was stored in an atmosphere at 40 ° C for 7 days to confirm the presence or absence of fusion.
- the method for confirming the fusion is to shake 50 g of each stored resin particle with 1 50 jum standard sieve and shake for 15 minutes, measure the amount of resin particles remaining on the sieve, Judgment was made based on the criteria and shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the coating composition was electrostatically applied, baked, and then immersed in warm water at 40 ° C for 10 days.
- a shear adhesion test water-resistant adhesion was performed according to the method specified in JIS K6830-1 996, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The evaluation criteria were the same as in the case of the adhesiveness (adhesion).
- the aqueous dispersion and resin particles obtained by the production method of the present invention may be applied to applications in which resin particles are thermally melted and adhered to an adherend (metal, paper, wood, etc.).
- the resin dispersion and resin particles obtained by the production method of the present invention are made of slush molding resin, powder paint, electronic component, because the high-performance resin particles can be stably produced. (Liquid Crystal etc.) Manufacturing Spacers, Standard Particles for Electronic Measuring Equipment, Base Particles for Electrophotographic Toner, Base Particles for Electrostatic Recording Toner, Base Particles for Electrostatic Printing Toner, Various Hot Melt Adhesives, Other Molding Materials It is extremely useful as a useful resin particle.
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Abstract
Description
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GB0821390A GB2451395B (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2007-06-13 | Method for producing resin dispersions and resin particles |
US12/304,408 US8563650B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2007-06-13 | Method for producing resin dispersions and resin particles |
CN2007800217045A CN101466762B (zh) | 2006-06-14 | 2007-06-13 | 用于制备树脂分散体的方法和树脂粒子 |
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JP2008163290A (ja) * | 2006-06-14 | 2008-07-17 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | 樹脂分散体の製造方法及び樹脂粒子 |
CN101805494A (zh) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-08-18 | 龙海市奈特化工有限责任公司 | 一种天然纤维树脂复合材料及其制备方法 |
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WO2003073171A1 (fr) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-04 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Liants de toner |
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CN101805494A (zh) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-08-18 | 龙海市奈特化工有限责任公司 | 一种天然纤维树脂复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN101805494B (zh) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-05-23 | 漳州市奈特新型建材有限责任公司 | 一种天然纤维树脂复合材料及其制备方法 |
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CN101466762B (zh) | 2011-11-16 |
JP4843565B2 (ja) | 2011-12-21 |
GB2451395A (en) | 2009-01-28 |
CN101466762A (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
GB0821390D0 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
JP2008163290A (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
US20090280423A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
GB2451395B (en) | 2011-06-29 |
US8563650B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 |
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