Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
  • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
  • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
  • E04B5/28—Cross-ribbed floors
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
  • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
  • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
  • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element

Definitions

• the invention relates to a flat concrete support structure, in particular steel concrete support structure, such as a steel-concrete ceiling, and a method for producing the same.
• Flat roofs are particularly popular with architects, as they allow easy laying of the lines thanks to the flat ceiling soffit. Only for stiffening massive cores are needed.
• These flat ceilings can be designed as ceiling with full cross-section (GB 1 284 402 A), hollow ceiling (DE 4 113 028 A1) or ceiling with ⁇ reinforcements over the supports.
• the ceiling with full cross-section is made of cast-in-situ concrete or partial precast ceiling (element ceiling). Since the dead weight makes up almost 50% of the ceiling load, it has gone over to producing hollow ceilings.
• the hollow bodies can be produced in the production process (hollow floorboard) or by displacement bodies during concreting (for example EP 1 350 898 A1). By minimizing weight, the spans can be increased. Assuming a 25 cm thick ceiling, self-weight savings of 35-45% (Cobiax hollow floorboard) can be achieved compared to a ceiling with full cross section.
• Ceiling systems require large spans at low height, quick and easy production, very good properties in the area of fire, - moisture and sound insulation, an appealing appearance, low maintenance and repair costs, a high degree of flexibility and much more.
• the flexibility during the production is respected, but the ceiling should not lose any of its flexibility during the entire service life.
• new devices are constantly being integrated, which also have to find space in the ceiling systems.
• a simple retrofitting should also be possible for future built-in parts. To ensure these possibilities, it is known to install double floor systems or suspended ceilings, as with these elements, a subsequent change of use is easily possible.
• the aim of the invention is to combine the supporting structure with the advantages of the double floor.
• a specific object of the invention is to enable a simple placement of supply lines and thereby reduce the total thickness of the ceiling, so that at a given building height, a larger number of bullets is providable.
• the construction of the invention over known constructions bej same carrying capacity to make a significant weight saving possible. This should result in material savings and also reductions in the work to be done.
• Intersecting ribs which are connected in a force-transmitting manner with one end region to the concrete slab and free from the concrete slab, i. without being integrated into a further load-bearing surface construction, projecting upwards, wherein their upper end regions are designed to receive compressive and / or tensile forces, and wherein the ribs are positively connected to one another at the points of intersection, at least with their upper end regions, and
• the dead weight can be greatly minimized (> 55%) and, in addition, a large space in the supporting structure becomes free.
• the free space can be used for installations of all kinds: from electric cables to supply lines to ventilation and air conditioning lines. Since the ribs have recesses, for example, are formed like a truss, pipes and pipes can pass without problems from one ceiling panel to the next. Instead of placing the installations in the floor area as usual or fixing them to the ceiling with dowels, the cables can be inserted into the supporting structure.
• the supporting structure becomes higher, as a result of which the span of the construction can also be increased.
• the height of the supporting structure can be used. This results in a reduction of the total ceiling height.
• the most important advantage is the flexibility of the system. Because in the first place only the narrow ribs for the carrying capacity be covered, covers can be mounted in between, which are removable at any time, as they are not used for the supporting effect such as a blanket. These covers can be conventional raised floor elements with which one already has long experience. Thus, this system maintains the flexibility of utility throughout its lifetime. If installations are relocated or relocated, the covers are removed by hand and replaced, and after the installation work, no change is visible.
• the invention also has the task of developing a flat concrete support structure of this type to the effect that it is particularly easy to produce, through the use of semi-finished parts. As a result, complex connection and formwork on the construction site should be eliminated.
• the concrete slab has at least two immediately adjacent arranged semi-precast slabs, which are covered with a reinforced concrete layer and connected non-positively.
• connection technology is to be regarded as a standard in concrete construction, but this connection method is used only for producing the compound of semi-precast panels, and not, as usual, for the production of the entire concrete slab.
• the ribs rest on the semi-precast panels with foot portions, the foot portions being circumferentially enclosed by the concrete layer.
• a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the foot portions of the ribs are anchored in the concrete layer by means of reinforcement, wherein advantageously the foot portions of the ribs are anchored in the semi-precast panels by means of reinforcement, and further expediently the ribs and the semi-precast panels a common Have reinforcement.
• the ribs are formed together with a semi-precast slab as HaIb- finished product, whereby the ribs no longer have to be switched on the site.
• the openings may diverge from top to bottom or converge.
• the concrete support structure is mounted on supports, it is characterized in that advantageously above a support a support member resting on the plate element is provided, are provided by a lying above the support center radially extending radially outwardly extending ribs, the At the edge of the plate element connect to ribs of adjacent elements, wherein expediently the star-shaped ribs are provided with a reinforcement which connects to a reinforcement of adjacent elements or merges into the reinforcement of adjacent elements.
• star-shaped ribs are connected to ribs extending in the circumferential direction of the plate element.
• An essential aspect of the invention is that the concrete layer is statically cooperative, with their reinforcement extending beyond a semi-precast panel to at least one second adjacent semi-precast panel.
• the thickness of the semi-finished slab is between 2 and 20 cm, in particular between 4 and 16 cm, and the thickness of the concrete layer between 2 and 20 cm, preferably between 4 and 8 cm.
• a preferred method for producing a concrete support structure according to the invention is characterized in that formwork elements for forming the ribs are placed on the concrete slab and the concrete support structure by laying reinforcement in the space provided for the rib cavity between the walls of the formwork elements and through Potting this cavity is made with concrete.
• a further expedient procedure in the production of a concrete support structure according to the invention is characterized in that thin-walled, plate-shaped elements are placed vertically on a reinforcement applied to a semi-precast panel, a layer covering the semi-precast panel is concreted, and then the space between the thin-walled, plate-shaped elements is filled to form the ribs with concrete.
• a particularly efficient method for producing a concrete supporting structure is characterized in that the semi-precast slabs are produced together with rib bodies arranged on them in a precast plant, the rib bodies having channels lying above or being hollow, in that these semi-precast slabs are to the construction site transported there and placed in the correct position according to the building to be erected, then that a reinforcement on the semi-precast panels, which extends over at least two adjacent semi-precast panels, is placed and in the cavities of the rib body reinforcement, resulting in cavities of rib bodies extending adjacent semi-precast slabs, is provided, whereupon the concrete layer applied and the ribbed bodies are cast with concrete.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically depict oblique views of a biaxially stretched floor slab.
• Fig. 3 is a plan view of such a ceiling.
• FIGS. 5 and 6 show cross sections of the variants illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• Figures 7 to 10 show different configurations of the ribs in section and Figures 11 to 14 illustrate different types of bearings according to the invention steel-concrete structures with associated Thomasissenendiagrammen.
• Figures 15 and 16 show floors for ceilings according to the invention.
• 17 shows a prefabricated variant of the concrete support structure according to the invention is shown
• Fig. 18 illustrates a section along the line XVIII-XVIII of Fig. 17.
• FIG. 19 shows a plan view of the variant shown in FIG. 17, FIG 20 shows a section according to the line XX - XX of FIG. 19.
• FIG. 21 shows a detail of FIG. 20 on an enlarged scale again.
• Figs. 22 to 25 illustrate an embodiment in oblique view, respectively, at various stages of manufacture.
• Fig. 26 shows a side view in which the layers of the reinforcements are drawn.
• Fig. 27 shows a plan view of a composite concrete supporting structure composed of a plurality of elements
• Figs. 28 and 29 show sections according to the line VII-VII of Fig. 27, again at different stages of manufacture.
• FIGS. 30 and 31 show further embodiments in an illustration analogous to FIG. 29.
• Fig. 32 illustrates a section along the line XI-XI of Fig. 27.
• Figs. 33 to 36 show details of the concrete supporting structure, respectively in plan view.
• the flat concrete support structure according to the invention is basically formed by a concrete slab 1, projecting from the ribs 2 upwards.
• These ribs 2 are each connected in a force-transmitting manner to the concrete slab 1 with one of their end regions 3 - also referred to below as foot parts, and they project freely upwards with their upper end regions 4, ie. they are not in any other supporting surface construction, such as usual for hollow ceilings, integrated.
• These ribs 2 absorb pressure and / or tensile forces with their upper end regions 4 and, in this regard, can be made reinforced at these upper end regions, for example upper straps 5.
• the ribs 2 are provided with apertures 6. This gives rise to the possibility of connecting the fields 7 delimited by the ribs 2 to one another, i. Lay lines from field 7 to field 7.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show floor slabs supported on vertical supports or columns 8, and the individual panels 7 which are bounded by the ribs 2 can be seen. These are biaxially stretched floors.
• the ribs 2 are preferably all of the same height and preferably arranged at right angles to each other in the case of biaxially tensioned concrete support structures. Of course, another arrangement of the ribs 2 according to the plan shape of the concrete support structure to be formed is possible.
• FIG. 1 shows ribs 2 with a full-surface web 1 1, wherein each rib 2 has at least one opening 6 leaving the upper end portion 4, which preferably extends to the top of the concrete slab 1, so that a laying of lines laying on the concrete slab 1 is easily possible.
• Fig. 2 illustrates ribs 2 in the manner of a truss structure, wherein from a top flange 5 of the ribs 2, starting diagonals 12 protrude into the concrete slab 1 and are connected to transmit power to the concrete slab 1.
• the diagonal 12 could lead from the top flange 5, starting to its own bottom chord and the bottom chord with the concrete slab 1 are connected to transmit power.
• FIGS. 7 to 10 illustrate different configurations of the ribs 2.
• FIG. 7 shows a rib 2 whose diagonals 12 are formed by steel tubes which are cast in a concrete slab 1 provided with a reinforcement 13.
• the upper flange 5 of this rib 2 is formed by a Stahlpro fil 14, which is open at the top, wherein in the open cavity of the Stahlpro fils 14, a reinforcement 15 is introduced and this cavity is filled with in-situ concrete 16.
• Fig. 8 illustrates a rib 2, which is made entirely of concrete and the upper end portion 4 also with a reinforcement 15 - secured by means of a bracket 15 '- is provided.
• This rib 2 is poured into a provided with a reinforcement 13 concrete slab 1 and is preferably made simultaneously with the concrete slab 1.
• Fig. 9 shows a prefabricated rib 2 made of concrete, which is initially provided with an upwardly open cavity in the upper end portion 4, which is cast after placing the rib 2 on a formwork, not shown, by inserting a reinforcement 15 with concrete 16.
• This rib 2 is prefabricated as semi-finished part and is by means of in-situ concrete with the concrete slab 1, which also has a reinforcement 13, which passes through a transverse recess 18 of the rib 2, positively connected.
• FIG. 10 shows a similar rib 2 prefabricated as semi-finished part, wherein the concrete slab 1 is formed by prefabricated individual elements 1 ', 1 "which rest on foot flanges 17 of the rib 2. After applying a reinforcement to the individual elements 1', 1 ", the application of cast-in-situ concrete 16 to these individual elements 1 ', 1", whereby the concrete slab 1 is formed in its total thickness and the rib 2 is frictionally connected to the concrete slab 1. To secure the rib 2 with a Transverse recess 18 provided, which is penetrated by the reinforcement 13, which protrudes reinforcement and in the in-situ concrete. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the lower end portion 13 of the rib 2 is reinforced with a reinforcement 15.
• Figures 1 1 to 13 show different ways of forming a concrete support structure according to the invention, namely according to FIG. 1 1 projecting, according to FIG. 12 mounted on two end supports 8, according to FIG. 13 mounted on three supports, wherein each of the figures a moment diagram is attached, from which the tensile and / or compressive forces occurring at the upper flange 5 and at the upper end region 4 of the ribs 2 are illustrated, in each case for a load of the same load. It can be seen that the construction according to the invention is suitable both for a cantilever plate and for a single-field or double-field plate with a center support.
• Fig. 14 shows an example with frame effect in the central region of the construction, in which only small transverse forces are to be transmitted, for a single-field plate, wherein the upper diagram shows the torque curve and the lower diagram shows the transverse force profile for uniform load.
• This variant offers the advantage of very large breakthroughs 6 in the middle of the field, which allows a particularly easy laying of bulky lines or channels on the concrete slab 1.
• Figures 15 and 16 show the construction of floors 19 on concrete support structures according to the invention, wherein Fig. 15 shows a variant in which a bottom 19 is superimposed on the ribs 2 in the manner of a double bottom. Fig. 16 illustrates a variant according to which a floor 19 is also raised in the manner of a double floor on the concrete slab 1.
• the concrete slab 1 has a thickness D, which is substantially less than the total thickness of the concrete support structure, preferably the thickness D of the concrete slab is at most about 1/3 of the thickness of the concrete support structure ,
• the total thickness of the construction can be 40 cm and the thickness D of the concrete slab 1 about 6 cm.
• the ribs 2 or at least their upper flange 5 can be formed from a high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete.
• High-strength concrete is concrete with a compressive strength of 60 to 120 N / mm 2
• ultra-high-strength concrete it is concrete with a compressive strength between 120 and 250 N / mm 2 .
• the concrete slab 1 is formed by a semi-precast slab 21 lying underneath and a concrete layer 22 provided thereon and provided with a reinforcement 23.
• the semi-finished plate 21 is also provided with a reinforcement 24.
• the ribs 2 also have a reinforcement 25 which projects into the semi-finished slab 21 where it is anchored.
• the reinforcement 25 of the ribs 2 is shown in side view in FIG. 26 and in oblique view, but without ribs, in FIG.
• FIG. 22 illustrates the semi-precast slab 21 with hollow ribbed bodies 26 anchored thereto via the reinforcement 25, which are formed by concrete shells and which are already provided with the reinforcements 25.
• a semi-precast slab 21 with the hollow ribbed bodies 26 constitutes a semi-finished product which can be used particularly advantageously for the production of a flat concrete supporting structure according to the invention.
• This semi-finished product is advantageously produced by the factory, ie away from the construction site where the concrete support structure is to be built.
• Fig. 24 shows the arrangement of the reinforcement 23 for the concrete layer and the ribs 2 adjacent half-prefabricated panels 21 connecting reinforcement 27, which is laid in the cavities of the rib body 26.
• the reinforcement 23, which is applied to the semi-precast panel, also extends over at least two semi-precast panels 21 arranged directly next to each other or over the entire planned concrete supporting structure, as shown for example in FIG. 27.
• the ribs 2 with foot parts 3 protrude directly into the concrete layer 22.
• the foot parts 3 extend to a level 28 above the concrete layer 22, so that the foot parts 3 not only by transverse forces are also claimed on bending. This results in breakthroughs 6, which are larger in cross section.
• FIG. 31 shows a variant according to which the openings 6 of the ribs 2 do not expand downwards, ie in the direction of the concrete layer 22, in contrast to the substrates shown in FIGS. 28 to 30, but taper.
• the foot parts 3 have for the proper application of a reinforcement 23 on the semi-precast slab openings 31, which are then filled after the application of the concrete layer 22 with concrete.
• the concrete supporting structure formed from ten semi-finished products rests on four columns 8 each arranged centrally between intersecting ribs 2. As FIG. 32 shows, this area between the ribs 2 is above the columns 8 poured with concrete.
• the areas between the ribs 2 and above the columns 8 are provided with star-shaped ribs 29 which are also provided with a reinforcement 27, such as e.g. 33, the reinforcements 27 of the ribs 2 and 29 extend beyond these regions from a semi-precast plate 21 to the next semi-precast plate 21.
• the reinforcements 27 of the ribs 2 and 29 are connected to one another by means of reinforcing connections 30.
• the reinforcements arranged in the star-shaped ribs are preferably fastened to a steel element provided centrally above the column 8, such as a steel plate, e.g. welded, wherein the reinforcement 27 may also be included.
• the thickness of the semi-precast panels 21 is suitably between 2 and 20 cm, preferably between 4 and 6 cm; the thickness of the concrete layer is between 2 and 20 cm, preferably between 4 and 8 cm. In this way, the connection of the individual semi-precast slabs 21 by the reinforcement 23 laid in the overlay layer 22 can be effected in a simple manner.
• the concrete slab 1 can be made of in-situ concrete and can the diagonal 12 and upper chords 5 of the ribs 2 may be formed as prefabricated elements with or without Vergussbeton in the diagonal 12 and upper straps 5.
• the diagonal 12 and upper straps 5 can serve as formwork forms are inserted into the reinforcements 15, whereupon the casting of the diagonal 12 and upper straps 5 takes place with concrete.
• the diagonals 12 are made of reinforced concrete or steel
• only the upper belts 5 can serve as formwork forms, in which a reinforcement 15 is inserted and cast.
• the diagonals 12 are made of reinforced concrete or steel and the upper belts 5 are formed only of steel, the connecting of the upper belts 5 with the diagonal 12 with connection methods of the steel structure takes place.
• the concrete support structure according to the invention entirely from prefabricated elements, which are connected to each other with in-situ concrete, optionally with prior provision of a reinforcement, so that a frictional connection between the individual parts is given.
• the concrete slab 1 can also be designed as a half-finished element 1 ', 1 "on which a reinforcement 13 is placed, followed by casting with in-situ concrete 16 with simultaneous incorporation of the lower end regions 3 of the ribs 2
• the completion of the concrete slab 1 takes place by means of the in-situ concrete 16 applied to the semifinished elements 1 ', 1 "(cf., Fig. 10), whereby the upper belts 5 are also to be connected non-positively.
• prestressing concrete support structures can be advantageously used in the concrete support structure according to the invention (pre-stress with subsequent bond, bias without bond, Spannbettvortension the finished parts, external Vorspannng next to the ribs).
• FIG. 17-21 illustrates a concrete support structure formed of prefabricated parts F ', F "juxtaposed to each other
• Each of the finished parts F', F" has a concrete slab 1 and ribs 2, which in the illustrated embodiment - since it is a biaxially tensioned construction - are arranged crossing each other.
• the concrete slabs 1 are each made in one piece with the ribs 2, to a maximum extent such that transport of the finished parts F ', F "by truck is possible F ', F “are arranged side by side and connected to one another, wherein the connection of the finished parts F', F” on the one hand by a Vergussfuge 20 and on the other hand by tensioned reinforcements 15, hereinafter referred to as tendons 15.
• the tendons 15 are after the Arrangement of the finished parts F ', F "threaded through provided in these precast parts for the tendons in the production channels, and preferably as illustrated in Figures 21 and 22, according to which variant, the tendons 15 come to lie in the tension zones of the concrete support structure.
• the individual elements can be manufactured as finished parts.
• As connecting means pressure surges and grouting concrete and tendons or a Aufbeton Anlagen be used.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
• Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (8)

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• 2007
  • 2007-05-30 EP EP07718471A patent/EP2024580A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-05-30 RU RU2008151996/03A patent/RU2008151996A/ru unknown
  • 2007-05-30 WO PCT/AT2007/000260 patent/WO2007137318A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-05-30 US US12/303,097 patent/US20090301011A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (8)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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