US20090301011A1 - Reinforced concrete ceiling and process for the manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Reinforced concrete ceiling and process for the manufacture thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090301011A1
US20090301011A1 US12/303,097 US30309707A US2009301011A1 US 20090301011 A1 US20090301011 A1 US 20090301011A1 US 30309707 A US30309707 A US 30309707A US 2009301011 A1 US2009301011 A1 US 2009301011A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
concrete
ribs
supporting structure
structure according
reinforcement
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US12/303,097
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English (en)
Inventor
Johann Kollegger
Stefan L. Burtscher
Andreas Kainz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Wien
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Technische Universitaet Wien
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT9332006A external-priority patent/AT503693B1/de
Priority claimed from AT842007A external-priority patent/AT505057B1/de
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Wien filed Critical Technische Universitaet Wien
Assigned to TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT WIEN reassignment TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT WIEN ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BURTSCHER, STEFAN L., KAINZ, ANDREAS, KOLLEGGER, JOHANN
Publication of US20090301011A1 publication Critical patent/US20090301011A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B5/28—Cross-ribbed floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reinforced concrete ceiling as well as to a process for the manufacture thereof.
  • Ceiling systems are expected to provide large ranges with a small overall height, fast and easy manufacture, very good properties in the fields of fire protection, protection against moisture and noise control, a pleasing visual appearance, low maintenance and repair costs, a high degree of flexibility and much more. Thereby, however, not only the flexibility during manufacture is kept in mind, but the ceiling is also expected not to lose any flexibility during the entire useful life.
  • new devices are integrated again and again, which have to find room also in the ceiling systems. This begins with energy, data and communication lines via heat exchangers and air conditioners whose component parts and lines must find room in the ceiling structure.
  • easy retrofitting should be possible also for future fixtures.
  • it is known to install double bottom systems or suspended ceilings since, with those elements, also a later change of use is easily possible.
  • double bottom systems or suspended ceilings require relatively large thicknesses of the ceiling.
  • a thin concrete slab is provided.
  • Intersecting ribs are provided thereon which absorb compressive forces and optionally tensile forces in a concentrated fashion. Due to this loosened structure, the dead weight can be minimized considerably (>55%) and, in addition, a large space in the supporting structure becomes free.
  • the free space can be used for installations of any kind: from electric lines to supply lines and to ventilation and air-conditioning lines. Since the ribs have recesses, being designed, for example, in a framework style, lines and pipes can run without problems from one ceiling field to the next. Instead of, as is usual, accommodating the installations in the floor area or attaching them to the ceiling with dowels, the lines can be inserted in the supporting structure.
  • the concrete slab comprises at least two semifinished plates arranged directly next to each other which are covered by a reinforced topping layer of concrete and are interconnected in a frictional manner.
  • the reinforcement of the topping layer of concrete penetrates the apertures of the ribs.
  • a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the base parts of the ribs are anchored in the topping layer of concrete via a reinforcement, wherein, advantageously, the base parts of the ribs are anchored in the semifinished plates via a reinforcement and wherein, furthermore, the ribs and the semifinished plates suitably have a common reinforcement.
  • the ribs along with a semifinished plate are designed as a semifinished product, whereby the ribs no longer have to be shuttered on site.
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling is carried on supports, it is characterized in that a slab element resting on a support is advantageously provided above the support, wherein ribs extending radially outwards in a star-shaped manner from a centre, which ends up lying above the support, are provided, which ribs are attached to ribs of adjacent elements on the edge side of the slab element, wherein the ribs extending in a star-shaped manner are suitably provided with a reinforcement which is attached to a reinforcement of adjacent elements or changes into the reinforcement of adjacent elements.
  • ribs extending in a star-shaped manner are connected to ribs extending in the peripheral direction of the slab element.
  • a preferred process for the manufacture of a reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention is characterized in that formwork elements for forming the ribs are placed on the concrete slab and the reinforced concrete ceiling is manufactured by installing a reinforcement in the cavity provided for the ribs between the walls of the formwork elements and by grouting said cavity with concrete.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 depict oblique view illustrations of a biaxially prestressed ceiling in a schematized manner.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of such a ceiling.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 depict cross-sections of the variants illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 show, in section, various designs of the ribs, and
  • FIGS. 11 to 14 illustrate different types of mounting reinforced concrete ceilings according to the invention with the respective cut size charts.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 show floorings for ceilings according to the invention.
  • FIG. 17 a variant of the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention formed from prefabricated parts is shown, FIG.
  • FIG. 18 depicts a section taken along line XVIII-XVIII of FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 19 shows a top view of the variant illustrated in FIG. 17
  • FIG. 20 is a section taken along line XX-XX of FIG. 19 .
  • FIG. 21 depicts a detail of FIG. 20 on an enlarged scale.
  • FIGS. 22 to 25 illustrate an embodiment at different stages of manufacture, in each case in oblique view.
  • FIG. 26 shows a side view in which the positions of the reinforcements are plotted.
  • FIG. 27 shows a top view of a reinforced concrete ceiling composed of several elements
  • FIGS. 28 and 29 show sections taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 27 , again at different manufacturing stages.
  • FIGS. 30 and 31 depict further embodiments in an illustration analogous to FIG. 29 .
  • FIG. 32 shows a section taken along line XI-XI of FIG. 27 .
  • FIGS. 33 to 36 show details of the reinforced concrete ceiling, in each case in top view.
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention is basically formed from a concrete slab 1 from which ribs 2 project upwards.
  • Said ribs 2 are each connected with one of their end regions 3 —in the following also referred to as base parts—to the concrete slab 1 in a force-transmitting manner and project freely upwards with their top end regions 4 , i.e., they are not integrated in a further supporting surface structure, as is customary, e.g., in case of hollow ceilings.
  • Said ribs 2 absorb compressive and/or tensile forces with their top end regions 4 and, in this regard, may be designed so as to be reinforced at those top end regions, comprising, for example, top chords 5 .
  • the ribs 2 are preferably all of the same height and, in case of biaxially prestressed reinforced concrete ceilings, they are preferably arranged at right angles to each other. Of course, a different arrangement of the ribs 2 is also possible according to the ground plan shape of the reinforced concrete ceiling to be formed.
  • the ribs 2 are interconnected in a force-transmitting, e.g., frictional, manner at their intersection points 9 and also on supporting strips 10 delimiting a ceiling, which supporting strips are provided optionally.
  • a supporting strip can be designed along the lines of the ribs 2 .
  • FIGS. 1 , 5 and 8 show ribs 2 comprising an all-over web 11 , with each rib 2 having at least one aperture 6 with the top end region 4 being left, which aperture preferably reaches the top side of the concrete slab 1 so that an installation of lines by putting them on the concrete slab 1 is easily possible.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates ribs 2 of the type of a framework structure, wherein diagonals 12 project as far as into the concrete slab 1 , starting from a top chord 5 of the ribs 2 , and are connected to the concrete slab 1 in a force-transmitting manner.
  • the diagonals 12 could lead to a separate bottom chord, starting from the top chord 5 , and the bottom chord could be connected to the concrete slab 1 in a force-transmitting manner.
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 illustrate various designs of the ribs 2 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a rib 2 the diagonals 12 of which are formed from steel pipes which are integrally cast in a concrete slab 1 provided with a reinforcement 13 .
  • the top chord 5 of said rib 2 is formed from a steel profile 14 which is open toward the top, wherein a reinforcement 15 is inserted in the open cavity of the steel profile 14 and said cavity is filled with in-situ concrete 16 .
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a rib 2 which is made entirely of concrete and whose top end region 4 is also provided with a reinforcement 15 —secured by means of a stirrup 15 ′.
  • Said rib 2 is integrally cast in a concrete slab 1 provided with a reinforcement 13 and is preferably manufactured concurrently with the concrete slab 1 .
  • FIG. 9 shows a prefabricated rib 2 manufactured from concrete, which is initially provided with a cavity open toward the top in the top end region 4 , which cavity is grouted with concrete 16 after the rib 2 has been arranged on a formwork not illustrated, with a reinforcement 15 being inserted.
  • Said rib 2 is prefabricated as a semifinished part and is connected in a frictional manner to the concrete slab 1 using in-situ concrete, which concrete slab likewise comprises a reinforcement 13 which projects through a diagonal recess 18 of the rib 2 .
  • FIG. 10 shows a similar rib 2 prefabricated as a semifinished part, with the concrete slab 1 being formed from prefabricated individual elements 1 ′, 1 ′′ which rest on bottom flanges 17 of the rib 2 .
  • in-situ concrete 16 is applied to those individual elements 1 ′, 1 ′′, whereby the concrete slab 1 is formed in its total thickness and the rib 2 is connected to the concrete slab 1 in a frictional manner.
  • the rib 2 is provided with a diagonal recess 18 through which the reinforcement 13 protrudes, which reinforcement also projects into the in-situ concrete.
  • the bottom end region 13 of the rib 2 is reinforced by a reinforcement 15 .
  • FIGS. 11 to 13 show various ways of designing a reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention, namely in a projecting manner according to FIG. 11 , mounted on two end supports 8 according to FIG. 12 , mounted on three supports according to FIG. 13 , with a diagram of moments being added to each of the figures in which the compressive and/or tensile forces occurring at the top chord 5 or at the top end region 4 of the ribs 2 , respectively, are in each case illustrated for a stress caused by an evenly distributed load. It is evident that the structure according to the invention is suitable both for a cantilever plate and for a single-field or two-field plate with a centre support.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 show the construction of bottoms 19 on reinforced concrete ceilings according to the invention, wherein FIG. 15 shows a variant in which a bottom 19 is directly applied to the ribs 2 in the manner of a double bottom.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a variant according to which a bottom 19 is elevated on the concrete slab 1 also in the manner of a double bottom.
  • the concrete slab 1 has a thickness D which falls significantly short of the total thickness of the reinforced concrete ceiling, preferably the thickness D of the concrete slab is at most approx. 1 ⁇ 3 of the thickness of the reinforced concrete ceiling.
  • the thickness D of the concrete slab is at most approx. 1 ⁇ 3 of the thickness of the reinforced concrete ceiling.
  • the total thickness of the structure may be 40 cm and the thickness D of the concrete slab 1 may be about 6 cm.
  • the ribs 2 or at least their top chord 5 may be formed from a high-strength or ultrahigh-strength concrete, respectively.
  • high-strength concrete is a concrete with a compressive strength of from 60 to 120 N/mm 2
  • ultrahigh-strength concrete is a concrete with a compressive strength of between 120 and 250 N/mm 2 .
  • the concrete slab 1 and, respectively, optionally also the top chords 5 of the ribs 2 may be advantageous to provide the concrete slab 1 and, respectively, optionally also the top chords 5 of the ribs 2 with a steel reinforcement 15 , a textile reinforcement or a fibre reinforcement.
  • the concrete slab 1 is formed from a semifinished plate 21 lying at the bottom as well as a topping layer of concrete 22 applied thereon and provided with a reinforcement 23 .
  • the semifinished plate 21 is likewise provided with a reinforcement 24 .
  • the ribs 2 also have a reinforcement 25 which projects into the semifinished plate 21 where it is anchored.
  • the reinforcement 25 of the ribs 2 is shown in side view in FIG. 26 and in an oblique view illustration, but without ribs, in FIG. 23 .
  • FIG. 22 illustrates the semifinished plate 21 with hollow rib bodies 26 anchored therein via the reinforcement 25 , which rib bodies are formed from concrete shells and are already provided with the reinforcements 25 .
  • a semifinished plate 21 with hollow rib bodies 26 constitutes a semifinished product which can be used particularly advantageously for the manufacture of a planar reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention.
  • said semifinished product is made in a factory, i.e., remote from the construction site where the reinforced concrete ceiling is to be constructed.
  • FIG. 24 shows the arrangement of the reinforcement 23 for the topping layer of concrete and a reinforcement 27 connecting the ribs 2 of adjacent semifinished plates 21 , which reinforcement is installed in the cavities of the rib bodies 26 .
  • the reinforcement 23 applied to the semifinished plate likewise extends across at least two semifinished plates 21 arranged directly next to each other or across the entire planned reinforced concrete ceiling, respectively, as shown, for example, in FIG. 27 .
  • the ribs 2 project with base parts 3 directly into the topping layer of concrete 22 .
  • the base parts 3 extend on a level 28 above the topping layer of concrete 22 so that the base parts 3 are not only stressed by transverse forces but are also subject to a bending stress. This results in apertures 6 which have larger cross-sections.
  • FIG. 31 shows a variant according to which the apertures 6 of the ribs 2 do not widen but taper downwards, i.e., towards the topping layer of concrete 22 , in contrast to the variants illustrated in FIGS. 28 to 30 .
  • the base parts 3 exhibit openings 31 which are filled with concrete after the application of the topping layer of concrete 22 .
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling formed from ten semifinished products rests on four columns 8 which each are arranged centrically between intersecting ribs 2 .
  • said region between the ribs 2 above the columns 8 is filled with concrete.
  • the regions between the ribs 2 and above the columns 8 are provided with ribs 29 arranged in a star-shaped manner which are likewise provided with a reinforcement 27 , wherein, as shown, e.g., in FIG. 33 , the reinforcements 27 of the ribs 2 and 29 extend beyond those regions from one semifinished plate 21 to the next semifinished plate 21 .
  • FIG. 33 the reinforcements 27 of the ribs 2 and 29 extend beyond those regions from one semifinished plate 21 to the next semifinished plate 21 .
  • the reinforcements 27 of the ribs 2 and 29 are interconnected by means of reinforcement connections 30 .
  • the reinforcements arranged on the ribs provided in a star-shaped manner are attached, e.g., welded, preferably to a steel element, such as a steel plate, provided centrally above the column 8 , wherein the reinforcement 27 may be incorporated as well.
  • the thickness of the semifinished plates 21 suitably ranges between 2 and 20 cm, preferably between 4 and 6 cm; the thickness of the topping layer of concrete ranges between 2 and 20 cm, preferably between 4 and 8 cm.
  • the connection between the individual semifinished plates 21 may thereby be effected in an easy manner by the reinforcement 23 installed in the topping layer of concrete 22 .
  • the concrete slab 1 may be formed from in-situ concrete and the diagonals 12 and top chords 5 of the ribs 2 may be formed as prefabricated elements with or without jointing concrete in the diagonals 12 and top chords 5 .
  • the diagonals 12 and top chords 5 may thereby serve as shell moulds in which reinforcements 15 are inserted, whereupon the diagonals 12 and top chords 5 are grouted with concrete.
  • the diagonals 12 are formed from reinforced concrete or steel, only the top chords 5 might serve as shell moulds in which a reinforcement 15 is inserted and grouted.
  • the diagonals 12 are formed from reinforced concrete or steel and the top chords 5 are formed only from steel, the top chords 5 are connected with the diagonals 12 using connection methods employed in structural steel engineering.
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention entirely from finished elements which are interconnected by in-situ concrete, optionally with a reinforcement being provided beforehand, so that a frictional connection between the component parts is provided.
  • the concrete slab 1 may be designed as a semifinished element 1 ′, 1 ′′ onto which a reinforcement 13 is placed, whereupon grouting with in-situ concrete 16 takes place, with the bottom end regions 3 of the ribs 2 being integrated simultaneously.
  • the concrete slab 1 is thus finished by the in-situ concrete 16 applied to the semifinished elements 1 ′, 1 ′′ (cf. FIG. 10 ), wherein also the top chords 5 have to be connected in a frictional manner.
  • the known methods of prestressing reinforced concrete ceilings may be used advantageously for the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention (bonded post-tensioning, unbonded post-tensioning, pretensioning of finished parts, external prestress beside the ribs).
  • a reinforced concrete ceiling is depicted which is formed from finished parts F′, F′′ placed side by side.
  • Each of the finished parts F′, F′′ comprises a concrete slab 1 as well as ribs 2 which, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, are arranged in an intersecting manner—since the structure is a biaxially prestressed structure.
  • the concrete slabs 1 are each formed integrally with the ribs 2 , namely in a maximum size, so that transport of the finished parts F′, F′′ by truck is possible.
  • the finished parts F′, F′′ are arranged side by side and interconnected, the connection between the finished parts F′, F′′ being established, on the one hand, by a grouting joint 20 and, on the other hand, by prestressed reinforcements 15 , in the following referred to as prestressing elements 15 .
  • the prestressing elements 15 are threaded through channels provided in those finished parts during manufacture for the prestressing elements, preferably as illustrated in FIGS. 21 and 22 , according to which variant the prestressing elements 15 end up lying in the tensile zones of the reinforced concrete ceiling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
US12/303,097 2006-05-30 2007-05-30 Reinforced concrete ceiling and process for the manufacture thereof Abandoned US20090301011A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA933/2006 2006-05-30
AT9332006A AT503693B1 (de) 2006-05-30 2006-05-30 Flächige beton-tragkonstruktion sowie verfahren zur herstellung derselben
AT842007A AT505057B1 (de) 2007-01-17 2007-01-17 Flächige beton-tragkonstruktion sowie verfahren zur herstellung derselben
ATA84/2007 2007-01-17
PCT/AT2007/000260 WO2007137318A1 (de) 2006-05-30 2007-05-30 Flächige beton-tragkonstruktion sowie verfahren zur herstellung derselben

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US12/303,097 Abandoned US20090301011A1 (en) 2006-05-30 2007-05-30 Reinforced concrete ceiling and process for the manufacture thereof

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US (1) US20090301011A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP2024580A1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2008151996A (ru)
WO (1) WO2007137318A1 (ru)

Cited By (3)

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US20090320393A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-31 Gary Meyer Precast prestress raised access floor construction
US20150292203A1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-10-15 Kim Illner BREUNING System and method for biaxial semi-prefabricated lightweight concrete slab
US10584478B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2020-03-10 Yau Lee Wah Concrete Precast Products (Shenzhen) Company Limited Building frame structure having edge beam and construction method thereof

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DK2189586T3 (da) * 2008-11-19 2011-07-25 Cobiax Technologies Ag Pladeelement med forstærkning
AT510798B1 (de) * 2010-11-30 2012-12-15 Avi Alpenlaendische Vered Einrichtung zum anschliessen von stahlbetonplatten an eine wand- oder deckenkonstruktion aus stahlbeton
FR3127240B1 (fr) * 2021-09-17 2023-09-22 Lesage Dev Élément de plancher fini préfabriqué, procédé de fabrication d’un plancher et plancher obtenu

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090320393A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-31 Gary Meyer Precast prestress raised access floor construction
US7975443B2 (en) * 2008-06-17 2011-07-12 Gary Meyer Precast prestress raised access floor construction
US20150292203A1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-10-15 Kim Illner BREUNING System and method for biaxial semi-prefabricated lightweight concrete slab
US9879423B2 (en) * 2012-11-23 2018-01-30 Kim Illner BREUNING System and method for biaxial semi-prefabricated lightweight concrete slab
EP2923006B1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2018-06-20 Bubbledeck International A/S System and method for self carrying homogenous biaxial concrete slab
US10584478B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2020-03-10 Yau Lee Wah Concrete Precast Products (Shenzhen) Company Limited Building frame structure having edge beam and construction method thereof

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WO2007137318A1 (de) 2007-12-06
RU2008151996A (ru) 2010-07-10
EP2024580A1 (de) 2009-02-18

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