WO2007119721A1 - マルテンサイト系工具鋼の焼入れ前処理方法および焼入れ処理方法 - Google Patents
マルテンサイト系工具鋼の焼入れ前処理方法および焼入れ処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007119721A1 WO2007119721A1 PCT/JP2007/057907 JP2007057907W WO2007119721A1 WO 2007119721 A1 WO2007119721 A1 WO 2007119721A1 JP 2007057907 W JP2007057907 W JP 2007057907W WO 2007119721 A1 WO2007119721 A1 WO 2007119721A1
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- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- tool steel
- quenching
- martensitic
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pre-quenching treatment method and a quenching treatment method for martensitic tool steel.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a quenching method in which the cooling process is performed in multiple stages in order to improve toughness, heating and holding at a quenching temperature (FIG. 2: (6 ), (7)), and then proposed a method of multi-stage cooling (Fig. 2: (8 A), (8B)) at different cooling rates.
- Patent Document 2 discloses JP-A-11-310821 (Patent Document 2) and JP-A-11-350034 (Patent Document 3) that the toughness is increased by making the cooling process multistage.
- An improved quenching method was proposed.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-182948
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-11 310821
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-350034
- JP-A-9 182948, JP-A-11 310821, JP-A-11 350 034 disclose toughness by suppressing the growth of the bainitic structure produced during the quenching cooling process. Is to improve.
- the object of the present invention is to prevent premixing and quenching of martensitic tool steel, which can prevent mixed grains in the microstructure after quenching and further improve toughness. Is to provide a method.
- the present inventor has obtained a martensite single phase or “martensite” by quenching.
- the martensitic tool steel is cooled to a temperature range of “pearlite nose temperature ⁇ 100 ° C.”, maintained at that temperature, and subjected to pearlite transformation.
- a pre-quenching method for martensitic tool steel is a pre-quenching method for martensitic tool steel.
- the heating time from the room temperature to the A1 transformation point, which is a temperature at which the austenite transformation starts, is set. Do not exceed 1 hour.
- the quenching pretreatment method of the martensitic tool steel preferably, in the martensitic tool steel strength by weight 0/0, C:. 0. 10 ⁇ 2 0%, Si: 2 0% or less, Mn: 2.0% or less, Cr: l. 0 to 15.0%, Mo: 10.0% or less, Ni: 4.0% or less, V: 4.0% or less, It contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of W: 20.0% or less and Co: 10.0% or less.
- the quenching method is applied to a mold formed of martensitic tool steel.
- the following martensitic tool steel quenching method is provided.
- the martensitic tool steel is cooled to a temperature range of “pearlite nose temperature ⁇ 100 ° C.”, maintained at that temperature, and pearlite transformed to cool to room temperature. Stages,
- step (b) Subsequent to the step (a), the martensitic tool steel is cooled to a temperature range of “pearlite nose temperature ⁇ 100 ° C.”, maintained at that temperature, and subjected to pearlite transformation;
- step (c) Subsequent to the step (b), the martensitic tool steel is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the A3 transformation point, held in its holding, and then subjected to a quenching process. Quenching method.
- the temperature at which austenite transformation starts from room temperature preferably, in the step (a), the temperature at which austenite transformation starts from room temperature.
- the temperature rise time to the A1 transformation point does not exceed 1 hour.
- the martensitic tool steel force mass%, C: 0. 10 to 2.0%, Si: 2.0% or less, Mn: 2.0% or less, Cr: l. 0 to 15.0%, Mo: 10.0 % Or less, Ni: 4.0% or less, V: 4.0% or less, W: 20.0% or less and Co: 10.
- Group force Contains at least one element selected.
- the quenching method is formed of martensitic tool steel. Applicable to molds.
- the quenching pretreatment method and quenching treatment method of the martensitic tool steel of the present invention it is possible to suppress the coarsening of crystal grains and mixed grains due to quenching, and the martensitic tool steel has high toughness. Can be granted. Furthermore, the grain size number can be made finer than No. 6, and a martensitic tool steel having high toughness can be obtained. A mold to which this is applied can suppress the occurrence of large cracks and the like, and has an effect that the life is improved as compared with a conventional quenching treatment.
- the greatest feature of the method of the present invention is that the metal structure of the martensitic tool steel is transformed into a pearlite before quenching.
- the tool steel workpiece before quenching is heated to a temperature below the A1 transformation point, for example, in the range of 600 to 800 ° C, and the temperature difference between the surface and the interior of the workpiece is eliminated. And hold at that temperature. Then heat up to a suitable temperature above the A3 transformation point and hold at the quenching temperature. Thereafter, cooling is performed by adjusting the cooling rate so as to obtain a desired metal structure that is effective in increasing toughness.
- the metal structure when held at the quenching temperature may become coarse grains due to the growth of austenite.
- the cause of this is thought to be a mixture of grains in the tool steel before quenching due to the effects of hot working and annealing performed on the tool steel before quenching.
- a treatment for once transforming the metal structure to pearlite before quenching is an essential condition.
- a specific example of the present invention is shown for JIS SKD61 in Fig. 1A and Fig. IB. I will explain using the turn.
- FIG. 1A and FIG. IB are examples of typical heat patterns of the present invention.
- Fig. 1A shows the process to obtain the tool steel intermediate material before quenching (Fig. 1A: (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)). This is a heat pattern for quenching (Fig. 1A: (6), (7), (8)).
- Fig. 1B shows the case of obtaining a tool steel intermediate material for quenching that has undergone a pearlite transformation after a pearlite transformation step (Fig. 1B: (5)) followed by a cooling step (Fig. 1B: (9)). It is an example of a typical heat pattern.
- the martensitic tool steel is heated and held in the temperature range of “A3 transformation point to A3 transformation point + 150 ° C” (FIG. 1A, IB: (3), (4) The metal structure is austenitic transformed by).
- the quenching tool steel intermediate material obtained in FIG. 1B may be heated again to the A3 transformation point or higher and held for quenching.
- the purpose of the process of heating to the temperature range of A3 transformation point to “A3 transformation point + 150 ° C.” and maintaining that temperature is to achieve fine pulverization by the process of pearlite transformation in the next process. This is performed in order to form light in the austenite grain boundaries and grains.
- the temperature for the austenite transformation (Fig. 1A, Fig. IB: (4)) is set in the temperature range from the A3 transformation point to "A3 transformation point + 150 ° C", and heated to the same temperature and held. did. This is because an austenite structure cannot be obtained at temperatures below the A3 transformation point, and austenite grains may grow coarsely in a temperature range exceeding the “A3 transformation point + 150 ° C”. .
- the austenite transformation temperature ranges from the A3 transformation point to "A3 transformation point + 50 ° C".
- the material to be treated is held at a predetermined temperature. 0.5 to 2 hours is sufficient after reaching a certain temperature.
- the material to be treated when confirming whether or not the material to be treated has reached a predetermined temperature, it may be measured by directly contacting the surface of the material to be treated with a sheath thermocouple.
- the preferred temperature range is from the pearlite nose temperature to the pearlite nose temperature minus
- JIS standard SKD61 which is characterized by austenite grain boundaries and a metal structure with a different pearlite structure in the grains.
- JIS SKD11 has a feature that austenite grain boundaries, grains It has the characteristic of forming a uniform metal structure inside.
- the first effect of resetting the factor that causes the metal structure to become mixed grains due to the influence of hot working or annealing, and the fine effect When adjusted to a pearlite structure, the second effect can be obtained.
- the material to be treated was heated to the A3 transformation point or higher, held at that temperature, and then quenched to perform quenching. Martensitic tool steel can be obtained.
- Quenching is performed after pearlite transformation (Fig. 1A: (5)) as shown in Fig. 1A, followed by heating and holding above the A3 transformation point (Fig. 1A: (6), (7))
- cooling Fig. 1A: (8)
- a quenching process may be applied to the quenching member.
- Fig. 1 (b) a process for pearlite transformation (Fig. 1B: (5) ))
- Fig. 1B: (9) once cooled as a tool steel intermediate material for quenching, the tool steel intermediate material for quenching is again brought to a temperature above the A3 transformation point. After heating and holding at that temperature, quenching may be performed, or, as shown in FIG. 2, quenching by multistage cooling may be performed from a temperature above the A3 transformation point.
- the steel is heated to a temperature above the A3 transformation point, held at that temperature, cooled to form a tool steel intermediate material, and subsequently quenched. It is advantageous.
- the quenching cooling rate may be multi-stage cooling as long as the quenching is performed at a cooling rate faster than the cooling rate at which troostite or grain boundary carbide precipitates as in normal quenching.
- the A1 transformation point in the temperature raising step (Fig. 1A, Fig. 1B: (1), (2), (3)) to the temperature for austenite transformation (Fig. 1A, Fig. IB: (4)) It is particularly preferable to raise the temperature to the A3 transformation point within 1 hour.
- the A1 transformation point is the temperature at which transformation starts partially into the austenitic structure
- the A3 transformation point is the temperature at which the entire surface becomes the austenitic structure. If the heating time is too slow, the crystal grains are likely to grow coarsely, so the time was set within one hour. Preferably it is within 30 minutes.
- a to-be-processed material is heated from the surface, and the inside is heated later than the surface. If the temperature rising rate is different between the inside and the surface, it is easy for the grain variation to occur inside and on the surface. More preferably, it is desirable to raise the temperature within one hour for both the inside and the surface.
- the martensitic tool steel of the present invention refers to a steel whose metal structure can be adjusted to a martensite single phase or a two-phase structure of “martensite + bainite” by quenching.
- these steels are observed with an optical microscope after quenching, they have a martensitic structure with a visual field area ratio exceeding 50%.
- JIS SKD61, SKD62, SK T4, etc. are included.
- the reason for setting the carbon content to 0.10% to 2.0% is that if the carbon content is less than 0.10%, the carbon content is too small and carbon does not diffuse into the crystal grains, and carbides are not present in the crystal grains. This is because if it exceeds 2.0% without precipitation, the carbide becomes excessive and the toughness is lowered.
- C (carbon) is preferably 0.20 to 0.60%.
- Si 2. 0% or less
- Si is added as a deoxidizer during melting in tool steel. However, if added in a large amount, the toughness decreases. Therefore, in the present invention, it was made 2.0% or less. Preferably 0.15 ⁇ : L 20%.
- Mn is added as a deoxidizing and desulfurizing agent during melting in tool steel.
- the toughness decreases. Therefore, in the present invention, it was made 2.0% or less. Preferably, it is 0.30 ⁇ : L 00%.
- 0% Cr is added for the purpose of improving hardenability and improving tensile strength and toughness in tool steel. However, if added in a large amount, the toughness is reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, it was set to 1.0 to 15.0%. Preferably it is 1.0 to 13.0%.
- Mo improves hardenability in tool steel. It is also added for the purpose of forming fine carbides by tempering and increasing high-temperature tensile strength. However, if added in a large amount, the toughness decreases. Therefore, in this invention, it was made into 10.00% or less. Preferably, it is 0.20 to 5.00%.
- At least one of the following Ni, V, W, and Co is added.
- Ni is added for the purpose of improving hardenability and improving toughness in tool steel. However, if added in a large amount, the transformation point is lowered and the high-temperature strength is lowered. Therefore, in the present invention, it was made 4.00% or less. Preferably it is 2.0% or less.
- V 4.00% or less (excluding zero%)
- V improves the toughness of the tool steel by strengthening the crystal grains. Further, it is added for the purpose of forming a high-hardness carbonitride by tempering and increasing the tensile strength. However, when added in a large amount, the toughness decreases. Therefore, in the present invention, it was made 4.00% or less. Preferably from 0.10 to L: 10%.
- W improves hardenability in tool steel. It is also added for the purpose of forming fine carbides by tempering and increasing high-temperature tensile strength. However, if added in a large amount, the toughness decreases. Therefore, in the present invention, it was made 4.00% or less. Preferably it is 0.10 to 1.10%.
- Co is added for the purpose of increasing red hot hardness and increasing high-temperature tensile strength in tool steel. In the present invention, it was set to 10.00% or less.
- the balance other than the elements described is substantially Fe.
- the balance is substantially in the category of Fe, and naturally unavoidable impurities are included.
- Nb and Ti refine crystal grains. Therefore, it should be contained within the range of 0.20% or less to the extent that toughness does not deteriorate.
- A1 is an element that accelerates the diffusion of carbon, and has the effect of promoting the precipitation of carbides by pearlite transformation. Therefore, it may be contained in the range of 0.20% or less.
- the present invention is preferably applied to a mold.
- the internal temperature and surface temperature should be measured by bringing a sheathed thermocouple into direct contact with the cooling hole.
- the Al and A3 transformation points were measured with a test piece having the same composition as the prepared sample, and the test piece was heated to 900 ° C, and then an isothermal transformation curve was created to create a pearlite nose. And the holding time until completion of pearlite transformation was confirmed.
- the A1 transformation point is 823 ° C
- the A3 transformation point is 857 ° C
- the pearlite nose is 750 ° C for 30 minutes
- the pearlite transformation completion temperature is 750 ° C for 2 hours or more. It was confirmed that the pearlite transformation was completed.
- the above-mentioned tool steel intermediate material for quenching was reheated to a predetermined quenching temperature of 1030 ° C at a heating rate of 40 ° CZh (Fig. 1A: (6)) and held for 1 hour (Fig. 1A: (7 )) After cooling (Fig. 1A: (8)), it was quenched to obtain a tool steel member. Thereafter, tempering was performed twice and the hardness was adjusted to 43 ⁇ 1H RC to obtain a tempered material.
- FIG. 3 shows a photograph of the metal structure after quenching and tempering.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph of the metal structure after quenching and tempering of Invention Example No. 6.
- the toughness of the tool steel is reduced. It can be used for applications that require high performance. By using it for heat treatment of molds, it is expected to have high toughness and improved life.
- FIG. 1A shows a heat-heat pattern according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B shows a heat-heat pattern according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 An example of a heat pattern by the conventional method is shown.
- FIG. 3 shows a metal micrograph of the tempered material obtained in the present invention.
Abstract
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JP2008510951A JP5288259B2 (ja) | 2006-04-11 | 2007-04-10 | マルテンサイト系工具鋼の焼入れ前処理方法および焼入れ処理方法 |
CN2007800132672A CN101421425B (zh) | 2006-04-11 | 2007-04-10 | 马氏体系工具钢的淬火前处理方法和淬火处理方法 |
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Cited By (4)
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JP2016132797A (ja) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-25 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | 金型用鋼及び金型 |
CN112481472A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-12 | 上海天竺机械刀片有限公司 | 一种合金工具钢刀片的热处理工艺 |
CN113969333A (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-25 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | 一种抑制钢制工件淬火热处理过程中组织晶粒尺度的方法 |
EP4230759A1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2023-08-23 | Proterial, Ltd. | Hot work tool steel and hot work tool |
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JP2000204414A (ja) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-25 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | 中炭素鋼の製造方法 |
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- 2007-04-10 WO PCT/JP2007/057907 patent/WO2007119721A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2000204414A (ja) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-25 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | 中炭素鋼の製造方法 |
JP2001294935A (ja) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-26 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 靱性に優れた工具鋼の製造方法 |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2016132797A (ja) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-25 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | 金型用鋼及び金型 |
EP4230759A1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2023-08-23 | Proterial, Ltd. | Hot work tool steel and hot work tool |
CN112481472A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-12 | 上海天竺机械刀片有限公司 | 一种合金工具钢刀片的热处理工艺 |
CN113969333A (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-25 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | 一种抑制钢制工件淬火热处理过程中组织晶粒尺度的方法 |
CN113969333B (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-12-23 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | 一种抑制钢制工件淬火热处理过程中组织晶粒尺度的方法 |
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JP5288259B2 (ja) | 2013-09-11 |
CN101421425B (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
JPWO2007119721A1 (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
CN101421425A (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
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