WO2007104535A1 - Turbolader - Google Patents
Turbolader Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007104535A1 WO2007104535A1 PCT/EP2007/002210 EP2007002210W WO2007104535A1 WO 2007104535 A1 WO2007104535 A1 WO 2007104535A1 EP 2007002210 W EP2007002210 W EP 2007002210W WO 2007104535 A1 WO2007104535 A1 WO 2007104535A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulator
- turbocharger
- turbocharger according
- turbine
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/22—Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
- F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/32—Belleville-type springs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/70—Slinger plates or washers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/231—Preventing heat transfer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/48—Thermal insulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbocharger according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a turbocharger is known from WO 2004/048 755A.
- Another turbocharger is known from EP 1 398 463 A1.
- a heat shield is provided around its shaft on the turbine side, which serves to protect the bearing housing from damage due to excessive temperatures due to the flowing through the turbine exhaust gases of the engine.
- the known heat shield consists of a single-layer component, the thermal insulation properties, however, are in need of improvement.
- the disc spring is designed in combination with an insulator.
- This insulator causes a lower component temperature of the plate spring and thus a higher contact pressure, on the other hand a lower heat input into the adjacent components (bearing housing).
- the combination of heat protection layer, insulator and disc spring layer can be either material or form-fitting, or it can be the individual parts in the turbocharger assembly individually mounted.
- the insulator can be designed to shield the hot cartridge parts from the bearing housing.
- the disc spring of the turbocharger according to the invention is formed from at least two, but optionally a plurality of material layers and includes both the function of the biasing force generation and the further improvement of the shielding function by increasing the thermal resistance. This makes it possible to ensure the function, especially at elevated exhaust gas temperatures.
- u. U. advantageously be dispensed liquid cooling of the bearing housing.
- a disc spring for a turbocharger according to the invention is defined as an independently tradeable object.
- FIG. 1 shows a part of a turbocharger according to the invention with a disc spring according to the invention
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the disc spring according to the invention.
- a portion of a turbocharger 1 according to the invention is shown, since this representation is sufficient for the explanation of the principles of the invention.
- the turbocharger 1 has all conventionally provided structural elements, which, as stated, are omitted in Fig. 1, however, for simplicity of illustration.
- a turbine housing 2 of a turbine is shown, which is arranged adjacent to a bearing housing 3.
- This bearing housing 3 is arranged between the turbine housing 2 and a compressor housing (not shown) of a likewise not shown compressor wheel.
- the bearing housing 3 has the bearing for a shaft, which is symbolized in Fig. 1 by the reference symbol W, since Fig. 1 shows only the upper portion of the turbocharger 1 according to the invention.
- the shaft W carries the turbine and the compressor wheel and is mounted in the bearing housing 3 via a suitable bearing arrangement.
- a disc spring 4 according to the invention is clamped, which is formed in multiple layers.
- two material layers 5 and 6 are provided here, which are explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the arrangement of the disc spring 4 between the turbine housing 2 and the bearing housing 3, the material layer 5 having a radially inner abutment region 10 and a radially outer abutment region 11 ', which is aligned parallel to a abutment region 11 of the material layer 6.
- An insulator 17 is clamped with a clamping region 18 between the material layers 5 and 6 or their contact areas 11 and 11 ' .
- the radially outer edge of the insulator 17 is angled at approximately 90 ° and thereby forms a support region 19, which supports the insulator 17 radially on the cartridge K. As a result, the heat emitted by the cartridge K is effectively isolated from the bearing housing 3.
- FIG. 2 illustrates that the material layer 5 has a central recess 9, which is arranged coaxially to a middle recess 8 of the material layer 6 and has a larger diameter. Between the layers of material 5 and 6, an air gap 7 is provided, which further improves the thermal insulation properties. Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows that the material layer 5 has a main part 20 adjacent to the central recess 9, which is arranged at an obtuse angle to the abutment region 11 '.
- the material layer ⁇ has a main part 21 adjacent to the central recess 8, which is integrally connected via an angled intermediate region 22 with the support region.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008558704A JP5113770B2 (ja) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-03-13 | ターボチャージャー |
| CN2007800081026A CN101395358B (zh) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-03-13 | 涡轮增压器 |
| KR1020087024678A KR101258687B1 (ko) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-03-13 | 터보차저 |
| US12/282,847 US8784076B2 (en) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-03-13 | Disk spring for a turbocharger |
| EP07723220.5A EP1994268B1 (de) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-03-13 | Turbolader |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006011709.3 | 2006-03-14 | ||
| DE102006011709 | 2006-03-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007104535A1 true WO2007104535A1 (de) | 2007-09-20 |
Family
ID=38137450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2007/002210 Ceased WO2007104535A1 (de) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-03-13 | Turbolader |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8784076B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1994268B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5113770B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101258687B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101395358B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007104535A1 (de) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2143910A1 (de) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-13 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Abgasturbolader für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| JP2010096110A (ja) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-30 | Ihi Corp | ターボチャージャ |
| EP2208863A1 (de) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-21 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Turbolader mit variabler Turbinengeometrie |
| US20100196146A1 (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2010-08-05 | Andreas Wengert | Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry |
| DE102009009130A1 (de) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-19 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Turbolader, vorzugsweise mit variabler Turbinengeometrie |
| EP2199570A3 (de) * | 2008-12-20 | 2011-07-27 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Ladeeinrichtung |
| WO2015051891A1 (de) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-16 | Ihi Charging Systems International Gmbh | Hitzeschild für einen abgasturbolader und abgasturbolader sowie ein verfahren zur herstellung eines hitzeschilds |
| US9121300B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2015-09-01 | Ihi Corporation | Turbocharger |
| US9464639B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2016-10-11 | Hyundai Motor Company | Turbo charger having cooling structure |
| WO2017040022A1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | Borgwarner Inc. | Turbocharger with insulation device |
| EP3401526A4 (de) * | 2016-03-07 | 2019-01-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Turbolader |
| DE102018218395A1 (de) | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | BMTS Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Abgasturbolader |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007111759A2 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-10-04 | Borgwarner Inc. | Vtg mechanism assembly using wave spring |
| US8092162B2 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2012-01-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger assembly having heat shield-centering arrangements |
| CN102066715A (zh) * | 2008-07-02 | 2011-05-18 | 博格华纳公司 | 排气涡轮增压器的轴承壳本体组 |
| US9060934B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2015-06-23 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Compositions and methods for surface abrasion with frozen particles |
| CN101865032B (zh) * | 2009-04-20 | 2014-06-18 | 博格华纳公司 | 具有滑动闸门以及多个蜗壳的简化的可变几何形状涡轮增压器 |
| GB2473274B (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2016-01-06 | Cummins Turbo Tech Ltd | Variable geometry turbine |
| US9638039B2 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2017-05-02 | Borgwarner Inc. | VTG cartridge of an exhaust-gas turbocharger |
| JP5118767B1 (ja) | 2011-09-22 | 2013-01-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ターボチャージャのシールリング組付け方法及びターボチャージャ |
| CN103470315A (zh) * | 2013-09-29 | 2013-12-25 | 中国北车集团大连机车研究所有限公司 | 涡轮增压器涡轮端油气密封结构 |
| JP6325479B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-05-16 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | ターボチャージャ |
| DE102016104840A1 (de) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | Elringklinger Ag | Ventilvorrichtung für einen Turbolader |
| CN109072774A (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2018-12-21 | 株式会社Ihi | 增压器 |
| US20180100429A1 (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Variable-nozzle turbocharger with composite heat shroud |
| JP6684698B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-12 | 2020-04-22 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | ターボチャージャ |
| DE102017218050B4 (de) * | 2017-10-10 | 2021-11-04 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Turboladereinrichtung mit Federelement zum Verspannen des Leitapparates gegen das Turbinengehäuse und Federelement |
| DE102018212257B4 (de) | 2018-07-24 | 2022-12-01 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Abgasturbolader mit variabler Turbinengeometrie |
| US10487681B1 (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-11-26 | Eyal Ezra | Variable geometry turbocharger adjustment device |
| US10927698B2 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-02-23 | Garrett Transportation I Inc. | Turbocharger with variable-nozzle cartridge, including resilient heat shield assembly to locate the cartridge axially |
| JP7424752B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-25 | 2024-01-30 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | ターボチャージャ |
| DE102022210936A1 (de) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-04-18 | Borgwarner Inc. | Hitzeschild für eine aufladevorrichtung |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3023009A1 (de) * | 1980-06-20 | 1982-01-07 | Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke Gmbh, 2800 Bremen | Abgasturbolader fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| DE3023010A1 (de) * | 1980-06-20 | 1982-01-21 | Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm | Abgasturbolader fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| EP0187486A1 (de) * | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-16 | The Garrett Corporation | Lagerkühlung für eine Turbomaschine |
| DE202005009491U1 (de) * | 2005-06-16 | 2005-08-25 | Borgwarner Inc., Auburn Hills | Turbolader |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63123732U (de) * | 1987-02-04 | 1988-08-11 | ||
| JPH0180633U (de) * | 1987-11-17 | 1989-05-30 | ||
| CN2253397Y (zh) * | 1996-03-21 | 1997-04-30 | 费传华 | 车用涡轮增压器 |
| US6068250A (en) * | 1996-09-23 | 2000-05-30 | Proteus Engineering Inc. | Composite multi-wave compression spring |
| JPH10252490A (ja) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | セラミックガスタービン構造 |
| DE60024879T2 (de) * | 2000-03-13 | 2006-07-20 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Turbolader mit verstellbaren leitschaufeln |
| US6449950B1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-09-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Rotor and bearing system for electrically assisted turbocharger |
| EP1540142B1 (de) * | 2002-09-18 | 2016-11-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Abgasturbolader mit variablen leitschaufel |
| US20050084388A1 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-04-21 | Hayes Alan E. | Positive displacement liquid pump |
| EP1536103B1 (de) * | 2003-11-28 | 2013-09-04 | BorgWarner, Inc. | Strömungsmaschine mit Leitgitter und Befestigungseinrichtung dafür |
| EP1672177B1 (de) * | 2004-12-14 | 2011-11-23 | BorgWarner, Inc. | Turbolader |
-
2007
- 2007-03-13 US US12/282,847 patent/US8784076B2/en active Active
- 2007-03-13 EP EP07723220.5A patent/EP1994268B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-03-13 KR KR1020087024678A patent/KR101258687B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-13 WO PCT/EP2007/002210 patent/WO2007104535A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-03-13 CN CN2007800081026A patent/CN101395358B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-13 JP JP2008558704A patent/JP5113770B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3023009A1 (de) * | 1980-06-20 | 1982-01-07 | Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke Gmbh, 2800 Bremen | Abgasturbolader fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| DE3023010A1 (de) * | 1980-06-20 | 1982-01-21 | Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm | Abgasturbolader fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| EP0187486A1 (de) * | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-16 | The Garrett Corporation | Lagerkühlung für eine Turbomaschine |
| DE202005009491U1 (de) * | 2005-06-16 | 2005-08-25 | Borgwarner Inc., Auburn Hills | Turbolader |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100196146A1 (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2010-08-05 | Andreas Wengert | Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry |
| US8662833B2 (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2014-03-04 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry |
| EP2143910A1 (de) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-13 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Abgasturbolader für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| JP2010096110A (ja) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-30 | Ihi Corp | ターボチャージャ |
| EP2199570A3 (de) * | 2008-12-20 | 2011-07-27 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Ladeeinrichtung |
| EP2208863A1 (de) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-21 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Turbolader mit variabler Turbinengeometrie |
| DE102009009130A1 (de) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-19 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Turbolader, vorzugsweise mit variabler Turbinengeometrie |
| DE102009009130B4 (de) * | 2009-02-17 | 2020-12-24 | BMTS Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Turbolader, vorzugsweise mit variabler Turbinengeometrie |
| US9121300B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2015-09-01 | Ihi Corporation | Turbocharger |
| US9464639B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2016-10-11 | Hyundai Motor Company | Turbo charger having cooling structure |
| WO2015051891A1 (de) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-16 | Ihi Charging Systems International Gmbh | Hitzeschild für einen abgasturbolader und abgasturbolader sowie ein verfahren zur herstellung eines hitzeschilds |
| DE112014003991B4 (de) | 2013-10-10 | 2023-06-29 | Ihi Charging Systems International Gmbh | Hitzeschild für einen Abgasturbolader und Abgasturbolader sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hitzeschilds |
| WO2017040022A1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | Borgwarner Inc. | Turbocharger with insulation device |
| EP3401526A4 (de) * | 2016-03-07 | 2019-01-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Turbolader |
| US11306613B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2022-04-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Turbocharger |
| DE102018218395A1 (de) | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | BMTS Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Abgasturbolader |
| US11015478B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2021-05-25 | BMTS Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Exhaust gas turbocharger |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1994268B1 (de) | 2016-10-12 |
| US20090060737A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
| JP5113770B2 (ja) | 2013-01-09 |
| KR20080108281A (ko) | 2008-12-12 |
| US8784076B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
| CN101395358A (zh) | 2009-03-25 |
| KR101258687B1 (ko) | 2013-04-26 |
| EP1994268A1 (de) | 2008-11-26 |
| JP2009529620A (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
| CN101395358B (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
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