WO2007097282A1 - アンテナ装置、アレイアンテナ、マルチセクタアンテナ、および高周波送受波装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ装置、アレイアンテナ、マルチセクタアンテナ、および高周波送受波装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007097282A1 WO2007097282A1 PCT/JP2007/052958 JP2007052958W WO2007097282A1 WO 2007097282 A1 WO2007097282 A1 WO 2007097282A1 JP 2007052958 W JP2007052958 W JP 2007052958W WO 2007097282 A1 WO2007097282 A1 WO 2007097282A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
- H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/22—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element
- H01Q19/24—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. H-antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
- H01Q19/30—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. Yagi antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
Definitions
- Antenna device array antenna, multi-sector antenna, and high-frequency transmitter / receiver
- the present invention relates to an antenna device based on a dipole antenna, and more particularly to a flat antenna device having a dielectric substrate on which a dipole electrode is formed, and an array in which a plurality of antenna devices are arranged.
- the present invention relates to an antenna, a multi-sector antenna including a plurality of array antennas, and a high-frequency transmission / reception apparatus.
- Yagi-Uda antennas have a flat plate shape using a dielectric substrate in order to be mounted on an on-vehicle radar device or the like and to save space.
- An antenna device in which flat Yagi-Uda antennas are arrayed is disclosed!
- FIGS. 12A and 12B are configuration diagrams of the antenna described in Non-Patent Document 1
- FIG. 12C is an array antenna formed by arranging a plurality of antenna devices of (A) and (B). It is a block diagram. In (C), the ground electrode on the back surface is not shown.
- the antenna device 100 of Non-Patent Document 1 includes a feeder electrode 20, an unbalance-balance converter electrode (hereinafter referred to as a balun electrode) 30 on a surface 111 of a dielectric substrate 101, The radiating portion electrode 40 and the waveguide portion electrode 50 are formed, and the ground electrode 60 is formed on the back surface 112.
- a balun electrode an unbalance-balance converter electrode
- the power feeding unit electrode 20 is formed in a straight line extending in a predetermined direction, and a balun electrode 30 is connected to one end.
- the balun electrode 30 is composed of two U-shaped electrodes arranged so that their openings face each other, and is formed in a shape that spreads in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the power feeding unit electrode 20 extends.
- One of the two U-shaped electrodes (the right U-shaped electrode in front view of FIG. 12) is formed in a shape longer than the other by the half wavelength ( ⁇ 2) of the transmitted / received signal. And Due to this shape, radiation from the feeder electrode 20 which is an unbalanced line is radiated from the balanced line.
- a transmission / reception signal is transmitted by securing a current path to the partial electrode 40.
- the radiating portion electrode 40 is connected to the two electrodes of the balun electrode 30 and has two linear electrodes having a predetermined length extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the power feeding portion electrode 20 extends. With this structure, the radiating portion electrode 40 functions as a radiating portion of the dipole antenna.
- the waveguide electrode 50 is formed at a predetermined distance from the radiation electrode 40 and parallel to the radiation electrode 40.
- the Dutch electrode 60 is formed on the back surface 112 corresponding to the region including the power feeding portion electrode 20 and the balun electrode 30.
- the array antenna of Non-Patent Document 1 includes antenna devices 100A to 100D each including such a feeding portion electrode 20, a balun electrode 30, a radiating portion electrode 40, a waveguide portion electrode 50, and a ground electrode 60.
- antenna devices 100A to 100D are arranged on the dielectric substrate 101 at predetermined intervals.
- the feeding unit electrodes of the antenna devices 100A and 100B are connected to the branch circuit 71, and the feeding unit electrodes of the antenna devices 100C and 100D are connected to the branch circuit 72.
- the branch circuits 71 and 72 are connected to the branch circuit 73.
- the transmission wave signal supplied to the branch circuit 73 is branched to the branch circuits 71 and 72 by the branch circuit 73, branched to the antenna devices 100A and 100B by the branch circuit 71, and the antenna device 100C by the branch circuit 72. , Branch to 100D.
- the reflected wave signal received by the antenna devices 100A and 100B is transmitted to the subsequent processing section via the branch circuits 71 and 73, and the reflected wave signal received by the antenna devices 100C and D passes through the branch circuits 72 and 73. To the subsequent processing unit.
- Non-Special Reference 1 William R. Deal, NoritakeKaneda, James Sor, Yongxi Qian, ana fatsu o Itoh, "A New Quasi-Yagi Antenna for Planar Active Antenna Arrays, JUNE 2000, IEEE TRASACTIONS ONMICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL.48, N0 .6
- the feeding unit and the balun unit are formed separately, and the balun unit is fed. Since the two U-shaped electrode forces spread in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the part extends, a certain amount of space is required. Then, as shown in FIG. This space is required for each antenna device when an array antenna is formed using the antenna. For this reason, when increasing the number of antennas to be arranged, such as sharpening the directivity of the received beam in order to improve detection accuracy, the ratio of the space between the feeder and balun to the total space of the array antenna growing.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a flat antenna device having a desired antenna gain and having a smaller shape force than conventional ones.
- An antenna device includes a feeding electrode formed in a shape extending linearly on one surface of a dielectric substrate, and a length that is an odd multiple of 1Z2 of a transmission / reception signal wavelength with respect to the feeding electrode. Are connected to each other at a predetermined angle with respect to the direction in which the power feeding electrode extends, and each of the two balanced electrodes is formed into a pair of balanced electrodes formed in a shape extending in a direction intersecting at a predetermined angle.
- the radiation electrode with a predetermined length formed in a shape extending in the opposite direction along the direction in which the power supply electrode extends, and a predetermined length from the radiation electrode on the side facing the balanced electrode of the radiation electrode
- the transmission signal when a transmission signal is supplied through the power feeding electrode, the transmission signal is branched into two transmission line electrodes that form a balanced electrode.
- the distance between the two connection points (branch portions) between the feeding electrode and the balanced electrode is set to an odd multiple of 1Z2 of the transmission / reception signal wavelength. That is, when “e” is the wavelength of the transmission / reception signal and N is a natural number including “0”, the interval is ((2N + 1) ⁇ 2).
- the transmission signals transmitted to the two transmission lines of the balanced electrode are shifted in phase from each other by ⁇ 2, and unbalanced-balanced conversion is executed.
- the radiation electrode When this balanced transmission signal is supplied to the radiation electrode, the radiation electrode functions as a dipole antenna and radiates radio waves.
- the waveguide electrode is formed
- radio waves are radiated from the radiation electrode with the waveguide electrode side as the center of directivity according to the installation position and shape of the waveguide electrode.
- the reflected wave received by the radiation electrode is transmitted to the two transmission lines of the balanced electrode. Since the distance between the connection points of the balanced electrode and the feeding electrode is set to an odd multiple of 1Z2 of the transmission / reception signal wavelength, the received signal is balanced-unbalanced and transmitted to the feeding electrode.
- the antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that the interval between the two electrodes of the balanced electrode connected to the power feeding electrode is 1Z2 times the transmission / reception signal wavelength.
- the interval between the two electrodes (transmission line electrode) of the balanced electrode and the feeding electrode (branch part) is 1Z2 times the length of the transmission / reception signal wavelength ( ⁇ / 2).
- the unbalance-balance conversion is performed at the shortest interval.
- unbalanced-balanced conversion is performed at the shortest interval, so that transmission loss is minimized and the size is reduced.
- the antenna device of the present invention has a reflecting surface that is spaced from the other surface in the region of the other surface corresponding to the formation position of the radiation electrode, and further forms a predetermined angle with respect to the other surface. It is characterized by having a reflective member.
- the array antenna of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the antenna devices described above are formed at a predetermined arrangement interval in the direction in which the feeding electrode extends! /
- the above-described antenna device is connected in series to one feeding electrode, and in each antenna device as described above, the branch portion functions as the branch circuit and the unbalance-balance conversion portion. Therefore, the array antenna is constructed with a structure in which the combined portion of the branch circuit to the radiation electrode of each antenna device and the unbalance-balance conversion circuit is arranged along the feed electrode.
- the multi-sector antenna according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the array antennas are formed using a single dielectric substrate so that transmission / reception directions are different.
- a multi-sector antenna capable of detecting a plurality of directions is configured by including a plurality of array antennas having the above-described configuration and different transmission and reception directions.
- a high-frequency transmission / reception device is characterized by including at least one of the antenna device, the array antenna, and the multi-sector antenna.
- a high-frequency transmission / reception device is configured by including the antenna device, the array antenna, and the multi-sector antenna.
- branching and unbalanced-balanced conversion of the electrode force for feeding can be realized by two electrode branches provided at an interval that is an odd multiple of 1Z2 of the wavelength of the transmission / reception signal.
- An antenna device that is smaller than the conventional antenna device can be configured.
- an even smaller antenna device can be configured. And since it is such a shape, it is possible to configure an antenna device with reduced transmission loss and excellent antenna gain.
- the transmission / reception directivity can be appropriately set by providing the reflective surface having a predetermined angle with respect to the dielectric substrate on the side different from the radiation electrode side of the dielectric substrate.
- an antenna device having desired characteristics can be formed in a small size.
- the antenna device is connected in series to the feeding electrode, so that the combined portion of the branch circuit to the radiation electrode of each antenna device and the unbalanced-balance conversion circuit feeds power.
- An array antenna can be configured with a structure that is disposed only along the electrodes. Thereby, an array antenna can be formed small.
- a multi-sector antenna can be formed in a small size by using a plurality of the array antennas, and further, by using these antenna devices, array antennas, and multi-sector antennas, The transmission / reception device can be made small.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view and a side view showing a configuration of an antenna device 1 of a first embodiment.
- It is a plan view showing a configuration of an antenna device including a matching circuit at a connection point between a feeding electrode and a balanced electrode.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of an antenna device in which balanced transmission electrodes 3A and 3B of balanced electrode 3 are not parallel.
- IV is a plan view showing the configuration of the antenna device provided with the reflector electrode 9.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration of an antenna device including a plurality of waveguide electrodes.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of an antenna device in which the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B of the radiation electrode 4 are different in length.
- FIG. 7 is an external perspective view, a side view, and a side view showing an antenna device having a different configuration from the antenna device of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a simulation result using a conductor plate 61 having a slope portion 63A.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of the array antenna of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a front view showing a configuration of a multi-sector antenna according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a radar apparatus according to a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 (A) is a plan view showing the configuration of the antenna device 1 of the present embodiment
- (B) is a side view thereof.
- the horizontal axis is the X axis when viewed from the front
- the right direction is the + x direction
- the left direction is the X direction
- the vertical axis is the y-axis
- the upward direction is the + y direction
- the downward direction is the y direction.
- the horizontal direction is the z-axis
- the left direction is the + z direction
- the right direction is the z direction.
- the vertical axis ⁇ y axis is assumed, the upward direction is defined as + y direction, and the downward direction is defined as one y direction.
- the configuration will be described using these X-axis, y-axis, and z-axis as auxiliary.
- the antenna device 1 of the present embodiment includes a dielectric substrate 10 having a predetermined spread in two axis (X axis, y axis) directions and a predetermined thickness in an axis (z axis) direction perpendicular thereto.
- a feeding electrode 2 On the surface 11 (corresponding to “one side” of the present invention) of the dielectric substrate 10 in the + z direction, a feeding electrode 2, a balanced electrode 3, a radiation electrode 4, and a waveguide electrode 5 are formed, and z A ground electrode 6 is formed on the rear surface 12 (corresponding to the “other surface” of the present invention) which is a surface in the direction.
- the feeding electrode 2 is a linear electrode extending in the X-axis direction, and along the extending direction, the balanced transmission electrode 3 ⁇ and the flat surface of the balanced electrode 3 are spaced at intervals of 1Z2 times the wavelength ⁇ of the transmission / reception signal.
- a 3x4 transmission electrode is connected.
- connection point 23 ⁇ the connection point between the feeding electrode 2 and the balanced transmission electrode 3 ⁇
- connection point 23 ⁇ the connection point between the feeding electrode 2 and the balanced transmission electrode 3 ⁇ .
- Balanced transmission electrodes 3 ⁇ and 3 ⁇ are connection points 23 ⁇ and 23 ⁇ , respectively, and the direction in which feed electrode 2 extends
- the radiation electrode 4 includes a first electrode 4A and a second electrode 4B that are respectively connected to end portions of the balanced transmission electrodes 3A and 3B on the side facing the connection points 23A and 23B.
- the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B both have a shape extending in parallel with the direction in which the feeding electrode 2 extends (X axis), that is, orthogonal to the direction in which the balanced transmission electrodes 3A and 3B extend (y axis). It is formed in an extending shape.
- the first electrode 4A extends in the X direction from the connection point with the balanced transmission electrode 3A
- the second electrode 4B extends in the + x direction from the connection point with the balanced transmission electrode 3B.
- the length of the radiation electrode 4 is set to such a length that a predetermined directivity can be obtained as a dipole antenna.
- the waveguide electrode 5 is formed in a shape extending in parallel with the extending direction (X axis) of the radiation electrode 4.
- the waveguide electrode 5 is formed with a shorter length than the radiation electrode 4 at a position separated from the radiation electrode 4 by a predetermined distance on the side facing the balanced electrode 3 (+ y direction) with respect to the radiation electrode 4. . Also, the center of the direction (X axis) in which the waveguide electrode 5 extends is arranged so that the position in the X axis direction substantially coincides with the center of the direction in which the radiation electrode 4 extends (X axis)! RU
- the ground electrode 6 includes a region where the feeding electrode 2 is formed on the surface 11 and a portion where the balanced electrode 3 is formed, and a region where the radiation electrode 4 and the waveguide electrode 5 are not included. It is formed in the region of the back surface 12 corresponding to. More specifically, the ground electrode is formed in a region facing the feed electrode 2 side at a predetermined distance from the formation portion of the feed electrode 2 and the balanced electrode 3 at a predetermined distance from the feed electrode 2 that does not reach the radiation electrode 4. 6 is formed.
- a microstrip line is formed by the dielectric substrate 10, the feeding electrode 2, and the ground electrode 6.
- a microstrip line is formed by the dielectric substrate 10, the feeding electrode 2 side of the balanced electrode 3, and the ground electrode 6, and a coplanar guide is formed by the dielectric substrate 10 and the radiation electrode 4 side of the balanced electrode 3. .
- a transmission signal supplied from (not shown) is branched to balanced transmission electrodes 3 ⁇ and 3 ⁇ of balanced electrode 3 at connection points 23A and 23 ⁇ separated by ⁇ 2.
- the transmission signal branched to balanced transmission electrode 3 ⁇ is opposite to the transmission signal branched to balanced transmission electrode 3 ⁇ .
- a balanced transmission signal is transmitted through the microstrip line having these balanced transmission electrodes 3 ⁇ and 3 ⁇ (balanced electrode 3). That is, an unbalanced-balanced conversion is performed.
- the transmission line having balanced transmission electrodes 3 ⁇ and 3 ⁇ is converted from a microstrip line to a coplanar on the way, and a balanced transmission signal is transmitted.
- the balanced transmission signal transmitted through the transmission line having the balanced transmission electrodes 3 ⁇ and 3 ⁇ is supplied to the radiation electrode 4 and radiated to the space from the four radiation electrodes functioning as a dipole antenna.
- the radiation electrode 4 is centered on the waveguide electrode 5.
- the ground electrode 6 is disposed so as to face the ground electrode 6, and the ground electrode 6 functions as a reflector, so that a planar Yagi Ikeda antenna is formed by the radiation electrode 4, the waveguide electrode 5, and the ground electrode 6.
- the transmission signal is radiated with the direction from the radiation electrode 4 to the waveguide electrode 5 as the center of directivity.
- a microstrip having a feeding electrode 2 is connected through two connection points of the balanced electrode 3 and the feeding electrode 2 through a path opposite to the transmission signal. The signal is transmitted to a line and output from this microstrip line to a received signal processing circuit (not shown).
- the branch circuit (coupling circuit) and the unbalance-balance conversion circuit are connected to the feeding electrode 2 and the feeding electrode 2 at an interval of ⁇ 2.
- a transmission line having a balanced electrode 3 can be used.
- a transmission signal is supplied from a feed line, which is an unbalanced line, to a dipole antenna (planar Yagi, Ida Uda antenna), which is a balanced antenna, and a received signal from the dipole antenna (planar Yagi, Ida Uda antenna) is received.
- the configuration for transmission to the power supply line can be simplified and reduced in size. In addition, shortening the transmission line suppresses transmission loss and improves antenna gain.
- connection point interval is ⁇ ⁇ 2, but the connection point interval can also be obtained as a natural number (including 0) and (2N + 1) ⁇ ⁇ 2 to obtain the same effect. Can do.
- each electrode constituting the above-described antenna device is an example, and may be set as appropriate according to the specification as described below.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration of an antenna device including a matching circuit at a connection point between the feeding electrode and the balanced electrode.
- the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 2 has a shape in which the width of the feed electrode 2 is widened over a predetermined length at the position of the connection point 23 mm between the feed electrode 2 and the balanced transmission electrode 3 mm of the balanced electrode 3. .
- the feeding electrode 2 is formed in a shape in which the width is widened on the side (one y direction) facing the balanced transmission electrode 3 side. Thereby, the characteristic impedance of the line is adjusted, and the matching circuit 7 between the feeding electrode 2 side and the balanced transmission electrode 3A side can be formed.
- the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 2 has a corner cut at a connection point 23B between the feeding electrode 2 and the balanced transmission electrode 3B of the balanced electrode 3 in a shape that forms a predetermined angle with respect to the direction in which the feeding electrode 2 extends.
- the characteristic impedance of the line is adjusted between the feeding electrode 2 side and the balanced transmission electrode 3B. Since other configurations are the same as those of the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 1, the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of an antenna device in which the balanced transmission electrodes 3A and 3B of the balanced electrode 3 are not parallel.
- the distance between the two balanced transmission electrodes 3A and 3B of the balanced electrode 3 gradually narrows as the distance from the feeding electrode 2 side to the radiation electrode 4 side increases.
- balanced transmission electrodes 3A and 3B are formed.
- the other configuration is the same as that of the antenna device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of the antenna device provided with the reflector electrode 9.
- the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 4 has a radiation electrode 4 at a position spaced apart from the ground electrode 6 in the direction of the radiation electrode 4 (+ y direction) on the back surface 12 facing the formation region of the balanced electrode 3.
- the reflector electrode 9 is formed in parallel to the above.
- the reflector electrode 9 is formed such that the center in the extending direction (X axis) substantially coincides with the center in the extending direction (X axis) of the radiation electrode 4. Further, the length along the direction (X axis) in which the reflector electrode 9 extends is set to be a predetermined amount longer than the length of the radiation electrode 4.
- the rest of the configuration is the same as the antenna device shown in Fig. 1.
- both reflector electrode 9 and ground electrode 6 function as reflectors for Yagi Ichida antenna, so that power is supplied to the transmission signal radiated from radiation electrode 4.
- the component radiated to the electrode 2 side is suppressed, and the transmission signal is further radiated in the direction of the waveguide electrode 4.
- desired directivity can be obtained, and the effective antenna gain can be improved by reducing the reflection loss.
- one reflector electrode 9 is provided in FIG. 4, a plurality of reflector electrodes may be provided in parallel.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration of an antenna device provided with a plurality of waveguide electrodes.
- the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 5 has two waveguide electrodes 5A and 5B having different distances from the radiation electrode 4 on the side (+ y direction) opposite to the feeding electrode 2 of the radiation electrode 4. It is.
- the waveguide electrodes 5A and 5B are linear forces extending in the same direction as the radiation electrode 4 (X-axis direction), and the radiation electrode 4 and the waveguide electrodes 5A and 5B are arranged in parallel.
- the waveguide electrodes 5A and 5B are formed to have the same length, and are formed in a shape shorter than the radiation electrode 4 by a predetermined amount, like the waveguide electrode 5 in FIG. Further, the center in the extending direction of the waveguide electrodes 5A and 5B is arranged to coincide with the center in the extending direction of the radiation electrode 4.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the antenna device shown in FIG.
- the directivity of the radiated transmission signal is narrowed by the two waveguide electrodes 5A and 5B, so that a narrower beam transmission signal can be radiated.
- Antenna gain can be improved.
- two waveguide electrodes are provided, but three or more plural may be provided.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of the antenna device in which the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B of the radiation electrode 4 are different in length.
- the length of the first electrode 4A of the radiation electrode 4 is longer than the length of the second electrode 4B.
- the waveguide electrode 5 is installed so as to coincide with the center of the extending direction of the radiation electrode 4 and the center of the extending direction of the waveguide electrode 5 and the radiation electrode 4 is the balanced electrode.
- the three balanced transmission electrodes 3A and 3B are arranged at positions deviated from the axial position when viewed in line symmetry.
- the force radiation electrode 4 in which the lengths of the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B are set to be different from each other is set to the length as described above.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the antenna device shown in FIG.
- the directivity depends on the shape of the radiation electrode 4 and the position of the waveguide electrode 5. Since the central direction can be shifted along, for example, the X axis, the directivity can be changed. Thereby, for example, various types of directivity can be realized such as changing the beam direction and the beam width.
- FIGS. 2 to 6 can be combined with a plurality of configurations that do not use them alone.
- a structure including a matching circuit and a corner cut portion, a reflector electrode different from the ground electrode, and a plurality of waveguide electrodes may be used.
- the antenna device of the present embodiment can realize a wide variety of directivities while having a simple and small configuration.
- FIG. 7A is an external perspective view of the antenna device 1 ′ of the present embodiment
- FIG. 7B is a side view thereof
- FIG. 7C is a side view showing a different configuration of the antenna device of the present embodiment.
- An antenna device 1 ′ shown in FIG. 7 is obtained by installing a conductor plate 61 instead of the ground electrode 6 on the back surface 12 side of the dielectric substrate 10 with respect to the antenna device 1 shown in FIG.
- the configuration on the surface 11 side of the dielectric substrate 10 is the same, and the description of the surface 11 side is omitted.
- the conductor plate 61 is formed in a shape approximately the same size as the dielectric substrate 10 in plan view of the x-y plane, and is a surface extending from one side surface (side surface in the y direction in FIG. 7) to a predetermined distance. Is formed in a planar shape (planar portion 62), and the surface from the end portion of the planar portion 62 to the other side surface (the side surface in the + y direction in FIG. 7) is formed in a curved surface shape (curved surface portion 63).
- the curved surface portion 63 is a surface formed in a shape in which the thickness gradually decreases from the boundary line with the flat surface portion 62 to the other side surface, and the cross-sectional shape along the decreasing direction (y-axis direction) is a parabola. Is. Then, the curved surface portion 63 is in contact with the back surface 12 of the dielectric substrate 10 at an angle ⁇ at the boundary point with the flat surface portion 62 when viewed from the X-axis direction.
- the flat portion 62 of the conductor plate 61 is in contact with the back surface 12 of the dielectric substrate 10, and this contact area is substantially the same as that of the ground electrode 6 shown in FIG. Thereby, the conductor plate 61 functions as a reflector with respect to the y-axis direction, like the ground electrode 6 shown in FIG. Further, the curved surface portion 63 reflects the transmission signal at different angles at each position parallel to the electrode surfaces of the radiation electrode 4 and the waveguide electrode 5. For this reason, the curved surface 63, the radiation electrode 4, and the waveguide electrode 5 are formed.
- the radiation direction of the transmission signal can be set to a direction that forms a predetermined angle with respect to the side surface direction on the surface 11 side (the + y and + Z directions on the y-z plane). Thereby, transmission / reception can be performed in a direction forming a predetermined angle with respect to the surface of the antenna device 1 ′.
- a predetermined angle ⁇ is formed with respect to the flat surface portion 61 that is not a curved surface, and a flat inclined surface portion 63A is used.
- Figure 8 shows the simulation results for the case.
- Fig. 8 shows the simulation results using the conductor plate 61 having the slope 63A.
- A shows the antenna directivity
- B shows the change in the central direction angle ⁇ of the transmitted and received signals with respect to the inclination angle ⁇ .
- the central direction angle of the transmitted / received signal indicates the angle ⁇ formed by the central direction of the directivity of the transmitted / received signal with respect to the surface 11, and ⁇ decreases as the distance from the surface 11 increases to the + Z direction (one value is To increase).
- the angle ⁇ formed by the central direction of the directivity of the transmitted / received signal and the surface 11 increases.
- the center direction of the transmitted / received signal can be variably set along the z-axis by appropriately setting the inclination angle ⁇ .
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of the array antenna 200 of the present embodiment.
- the array antenna 200 includes a feeding electrode 2 that is linear on the surface of the dielectric substrate 10 and extends in the X-axis direction.
- the array antenna 200 includes a balanced electrode, a radiating electrode, and a waveguide electrode corresponding to the antenna devices 1A to LC on the surface of the dielectric substrate 10, respectively.
- Each antenna device 1A to 1C has the same shape force as the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 3 except for the corner cut portion.
- this array antenna 200 has a structure similar to that of the matching circuit 7 and the corner cut portion 8 shown in FIG. 3 with a predetermined matching force between the feeding electrode 2 and the balanced electrode of each antenna device 1A to 1C. Matching circuit set by condition 7A-7 C and corner cut 8 are formed.
- the interval between the antenna devices 1A to 1C is set to the length of one wavelength of the transmission / reception signal.
- the distance between the antenna devices is preferably about 0.8 to 0.9 ⁇ , considering the side lobe generated from each antenna device, but not limited to this range. What is necessary is just to set (eta) + (lambda) 2 (lambda) to (eta) as a natural number.
- each balanced electrode, radiation electrode, and waveguide electrode are installed in the same direction (+ y direction) with respect to the feeding electrode 2.
- a transmission / reception beam in which the center direction of the transmission / reception signal is directed in the + y direction can be realized by the antenna devices 1A to 1C.
- a balun for each antenna device and a branch circuit that connects each antenna device in a tree structure are connected to each transmission line. It does not have to be formed through mediation. Therefore, it is possible to form a planar array antenna with a simple structure and a small size. Furthermore, since the transmission distance to the radiation electrode is shortened, a low-loss planar array antenna can be formed.
- each antenna device has the structure shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, and the array antenna that can achieve the desired directivity can be realized by appropriately setting the antenna device interval. Can be formed.
- FIG. 10 is a front view showing the configuration of the multi-sector antenna of this embodiment.
- the array antennas 201 and 202 also have the same structural force as the array antenna 200 shown in FIG. 9, and are each formed of four antenna devices.
- the array antenna 201 has a structure in which the antenna device 1A ⁇ : LD is connected to the microstrip line composed of the feeding electrode 2A while matching the LDs by the matching circuits 7A ⁇ 7D, and the + y direction is the central direction of directivity.
- the array antenna 202 is a structural force that connects the antenna devices 1E to 1H to the microstrip line, which is the feed electrode 2B force, while matching the antenna devices 1E to 1H by the matching circuits 7E to 7H, and sets the ⁇ y direction as the central direction of directivity.
- the array antenna 203 is composed of eight notch electrodes 222 formed at predetermined intervals along the feeding electrodes 211 and 212. With this structure, the array antenna 203 sets the + z direction substantially orthogonal to the surface of the dielectric substrate 10 as the central direction of directivity.
- the array antennas 201 and 202 are formed in a line-symmetric shape with respect to an axis (symmetric axis) that is parallel to the feeding electrodes 2A and 2B and located in the middle of the feeding electrodes 2A and 2B.
- the array antenna 203 is disposed at a position where the patch electrode 222 installed on the power supply electrode 211 and the patch electrode 222 installed on the power supply electrode 212 are symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry. It should be noted that this symmetry is not absolute and can be set appropriately according to the required antenna characteristics.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main part of the radar apparatus of this embodiment.
- the signal processing unit 302 Based on the FMCW detection process, the signal processing unit 302 generates a control voltage for forming a transmission beam and supplies the control voltage to the VCO 303.
- the VCO 303 generates a transmission signal whose frequency is continuously changed in a triangular shape in time series according to a given control voltage.
- the force bra 304 outputs the input transmission signal to the circulator 305 and supplies a part of it to the mixer 306 as a local signal.
- Circulator 305 outputs the transmission signal from coupler 304 to antenna section 301.
- the antenna unit 301 includes the array antenna shown in FIG. 9 and the antenna shown in the multi-sector antenna shown in FIG. [0075]
- a reception signal from antenna section 301 is output to mixer 306.
- the mixer 306 generates a beat signal by mixing the local signal having the power of 304 and the received signal from the circulator 305 and outputs the beat signal to the LNA 307.
- the LNA 307 amplifies the beat signal and supplies it to the AZD converter 308.
- the AZD converter 308 performs AZD conversion on the amplified beat signal and gives it to the signal processing unit 302. Based on the digitized beat signal, the signal processing unit 302 calculates a relative speed, a relative distance, and the like of the target using a known FMCW data processing method.
- the radar apparatus can also be downsized.
- the loss of the antenna unit 301 is reduced, a radar apparatus with low antenna loss can be configured, and the detection performance can be improved.
- the force for explaining the FMCW-type radar apparatus may be a planar antenna, an array antenna using the same, or a multi-sector antenna, even if it is another type of radar apparatus. Goodbye.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2008501704A JP4379541B2 (ja) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-02-19 | アンテナ装置、アレイアンテナ、マルチセクタアンテナ、および高周波送受波装置 |
DE112007000224T DE112007000224T5 (de) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-02-19 | Antennenbauelement, Arrayantenne, Mehrfachsektorantenne, Hochfrequenzwellen-Sende-Empfangs-Gerät |
US12/177,935 US7724200B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2008-07-23 | Antenna device, array antenna, multi-sector antenna, high-frequency wave transceiver |
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JP2006-046749 | 2006-02-23 | ||
JP2006046749 | 2006-02-23 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US12/177,935 Continuation US7724200B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2008-07-23 | Antenna device, array antenna, multi-sector antenna, high-frequency wave transceiver |
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WO2007097282A1 true WO2007097282A1 (ja) | 2007-08-30 |
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PCT/JP2007/052958 WO2007097282A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-02-19 | アンテナ装置、アレイアンテナ、マルチセクタアンテナ、および高周波送受波装置 |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US7724200B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4379541B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112007000224T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007097282A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2007097282A1 (ja) | 2009-07-16 |
DE112007000224T5 (de) | 2008-12-11 |
US20080272976A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
US7724200B2 (en) | 2010-05-25 |
JP4379541B2 (ja) | 2009-12-09 |
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