WO2007083376A1 - 光コヒーレンストモグラフィー装置および計測ヘッド - Google Patents
光コヒーレンストモグラフィー装置および計測ヘッド Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007083376A1 WO2007083376A1 PCT/JP2006/300719 JP2006300719W WO2007083376A1 WO 2007083376 A1 WO2007083376 A1 WO 2007083376A1 JP 2006300719 W JP2006300719 W JP 2006300719W WO 2007083376 A1 WO2007083376 A1 WO 2007083376A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/45—For evaluating or diagnosing the musculoskeletal system or teeth
- A61B5/4538—Evaluating a particular part of the muscoloskeletal system or a particular medical condition
- A61B5/4542—Evaluating the mouth, e.g. the jaw
- A61B5/4547—Evaluating teeth
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical coherence tomography (tomographic measurement using low coherence light as a probe), which is one of nondestructive tomographic techniques.
- An image obtained by an X-ray imaging apparatus is merely a transmission image, and information on the X-ray traveling direction of a subject is detected by being superimposed. For this reason, it is impossible to know the internal structure of the subject in three dimensions. Also, because X-rays are harmful to the human body, the annual exposure dose is determined, so that only qualified operators can handle the device, and only in rooms surrounded by shielding materials such as lead glass. I can not use it.
- an optical coherence tomography device (hereinafter referred to as an OCT device) is harmless to the human body and can obtain 3D information of a subject with high resolution. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional OCT apparatus.
- the light emitted from the light source 2 is collimated by the lens 3 and then divided into reference light 6 and measurement light 5 by the beam splitter 4.
- the measurement light 5 passes through the galvanometer mirror 8 and is collected by the objective lens 9 on the sample 10 to be measured. After being scattered and reflected, the measurement light 5 passes through the objective lens 9, the galvano mirror 8, and the peep splitter 4 again. The light is condensed on the detector 14.
- the reference light 6 passes through the objective lens 12 and is reflected by the reference mirror 13. After passing through the beam splitter 4, it enters the condenser lens 7 in parallel with the measurement light 5 and is condensed on the photodetector 14.
- the light source 2 is a temporally low coherence light source. Lights emitted at different times from light sources with low temporal coherence are extremely unlikely to interfere. Therefore, the interference signal force S appears only when the distance of the optical path through which the measurement light 5 passes and the distance of the optical path through which the reference light 6 passes are substantially equal.
- the intensity of the interference signal is measured by the photodetector 14 while changing the optical path length difference between the measurement light 5 and the reference light 6 by driving the reference mirror 13 in the optical axis direction of the reference light 6, the sample to be measured A reflectance distribution in the depth direction (z-axis direction) of 10 can be obtained. In other words, the structure in the depth direction of the sample 10 to be measured is obtained by optical path length difference scanning.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-329577
- Patent Document 2 JP 2002-310897
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-325849
- Patent Document 4 JP 2001-059714 A
- Non-patent document 1 Laser research October 2003 issue: Technology development of optical coherence tomography centered on medical treatment
- Non-Patent Document 2 Journal of Biomedical Optics, October 2002, Vol.7 No.4: Imaging cari eslesions and lesion progression with polarization sensitive optical coherence tomogr aphy
- Non-Patent Document 3 APPLIED OPTICS, Vol.37, No.16, 1 June 1998: Imaging of hard- and soft— tissuestructure In the oral cavity by optical coherence tomography
- Non-Patent Document 4 OPTICS EXPRESS, Vol.3, No.6,14 September 1998: Dental OCT
- Non-Patent Document 5 OPTICS EXPRESS, Vol.3, No.6, 14 September 1998: In vivo OCT Ima ging of hardand soft tissue of the oral cavity
- OCT devices are not used in actual dental practice. There is no OCT device for dental measurement that is not practical at present at the present time. This is because the OCT device requires two-dimensional mechanical scanning including the depth direction to obtain a single tomographic image, which takes time for imaging, and makes the device complicated, expensive, and durable. This is because of the problem of being inferior.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an optical coherence tomography apparatus that has a simple structure and can be imaged at high speed.
- an optical coherence tomography device includes a light source, a measurement for irradiating a reference mirror and a sample to be measured with a light source emitted from the light source.
- a light splitting unit that divides the light into light
- an interference unit that causes the measurement light reflected by the sample to be measured and the reference light reflected by the reference mirror to interfere with each other, and light detection that measures the interference light
- a measurement head that can be moved by the operation of an external force, and at least one of a position or a direction in which the measurement light is irradiated onto the measurement sample changes as the measurement head moves.
- a mechanical quantity sensor that measures the movement of the measuring head in at least one direction, the interference light measured by the light detector, and the movement of the measuring head measured by the mechanical quantity sensor. Zui by, and a calculation unit for obtaining the information of the measured sample.
- an optical coherence tomography device includes a light source, measurement light for irradiating a reference mirror and a sample to be measured with a light source emitted from the light source.
- a light splitting unit that divides the light into light, an interference unit that causes the measurement light reflected by the sample to be measured and the reference light reflected by the reference mirror to interfere with each other, and light detection that measures the interference light Based on the interference light measured by the light detection unit, an arithmetic unit for obtaining information of the sample to be measured, an optical fiber through which the measurement light passes, A measuring head provided at the tip of an optical fiber and guiding the measuring light from the optical fiber to the sample to be measured; and the measuring head changes the direction of the optical axis of the measuring light.
- the optical axis changing unit is detachable from the measuring head.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a Fourier domain optical coherence tomography apparatus (hereinafter referred to as an FD-OCT apparatus) in the first embodiment.
- FD-OCT apparatus Fourier domain optical coherence tomography apparatus
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of an FD-OCT apparatus according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a measurement head.
- (b) is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the measurement head.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing images in a plurality of measurement area data.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head.
- FIG. 8 (a) is a diagram showing another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head.
- (b) is a diagram showing still another preferred example of the configuration of the measuring head.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head.
- FIG. 11 (a) is a diagram showing an example in which the position of the reference mirror is switched. (b) is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration in which a reference mirror that reflects reference light is switched between a plurality of reference mirrors at different positions.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example in which a sterilization cap is attached to a measurement head.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional OCT apparatus.
- An optical coherence tomography device includes a light source, a light splitting unit that divides the light source light emitted from the light source into reference light that irradiates a reference mirror and measurement light that irradiates a sample to be measured.
- An interference unit that causes the measurement light reflected by the sample to be measured and the reference light reflected by the reference mirror to interfere to form interference light, a light detection unit that measures the interference light, and an external force operation
- a measuring head that is movable, wherein at least one of a position or a direction in which the measurement light is irradiated onto the sample to be measured changes as the measuring head moves, and the measurement head Based on a mechanical quantity sensor that measures movement in at least one direction of the head, the interference light measured by the light detection unit, and the movement of the measurement head measured by the mechanical quantity sensor, the sample to be measured And a calculation unit for obtaining the information.
- an acceleration sensor for example, an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, or the like can be used.
- acceleration sensors there can be provided three acceleration sensors with sensitive axes arranged in three directions orthogonal to each other.
- angular velocity sensor three angular velocity sensors that detect angular velocities around three mutually orthogonal axes can be provided. Any combination of the above three acceleration sensors and the above three angular velocity sensors can be used.
- the mechanical quantity sensor can be appropriately selected and arranged according to the purpose of imaging, that is, the measurement region of the sample to be measured and the manner of movement of the measurement head for imaging the sample.
- the position at which the measurement light is irradiated onto the sample to be measured is changed by an operation of moving the measurement head in at least one direction, and therefore, a plurality of tomographic images continuous in the one direction of the sample to be measured.
- information can be obtained from the tomographic images continuous in the one direction.
- the position of the measuring head moved in the one direction is obtained from the acceleration measured by one acceleration sensor having a sensitive axis arranged in the one direction.
- the light splitting unit and the interference unit have both functions by a beam splitter or a fiber coupler.
- An optical coherence tomography device includes a light source, a light splitting unit that divides the light source light emitted from the light source into reference light that irradiates a reference mirror and measurement light that irradiates a sample to be measured.
- An interference unit that causes the measurement light reflected by the sample to be measured and the reference light reflected by the reference mirror to interfere with each other to form interference light, a light detection unit that measures the interference light, and the light detection unit.
- a calculation unit that obtains information of the sample to be measured based on the interference light measured in step (b), an optical fiber through which the measurement light passes, and a tip of the optical fiber, and the measurement light is transmitted to the optical fiber.
- the measurement head for guiding the measurement sample to the sample to be measured and the measurement head include one or more optical axis changing units that change the direction of the optical axis of the measurement light, and the optical axis changing unit includes It is detachable from the measuring head.
- the measurement light passes through an optical fiber and is irradiated onto the sample to be measured through the measurement head provided at the tip of the optical fiber. Therefore, the measurement head can move according to the position of the sample to be measured.
- the measurement head includes an optical path changing unit including one or more mirrors that change the irradiation direction of the measurement light
- an optical path changing unit including one or more mirrors that change the irradiation direction of the measurement light
- various measurement samples in a limited space such as in the oral cavity can be used. You can shoot from any direction.
- the optical path changing unit can be attached to and detached from the measurement head, it can be selected whether or not the optical path changing unit is to be put on according to the environment of the sample to be measured. As a result, for example, a sample to be measured in a complicated place such as in the oral cavity can be photographed from various directions.
- a measurement head is a measurement head that is provided at the tip of an optical fiber and guides the measurement light emitted from the tip end force of the optical fiber from the optical fiber to the sample to be measured.
- One or two or more optical axis changing units that change the direction of the optical axis of light are provided, and the optical axis changing unit is detachable from the measuring head.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a Fourier domain optical coherence tomography apparatus (hereinafter referred to as an FD-OCT apparatus) in the first embodiment.
- FD-OCT apparatus Fourier domain optical coherence tomography apparatus
- the FD-OCT apparatus detects a spectrum obtained by separating the interference light between the measurement light reflected by the sample to be measured and the reference light reflected by the reference mirror, and this spectral force is measured by the sample light.
- This is an OCT apparatus characterized in that information in the irradiation direction is obtained using inverse Fourier transform.
- the FD-OCT apparatus includes an OCT unit 100, a measurement head 201, and a computer 27.
- the OCT unit 100 is provided with a light source 16, a fiber coupler 19, a reference mirror 24, a diffraction element 25, and a CCD camera 26.
- the measuring head 201 is provided with a galvanometer mirror 20 and an objective lens 21.
- the computer 27 is connected so as to be able to communicate with the light source 16, the CCD camera 26, and the galvanometer mirror 20.
- the computer 27 is, for example, a personal computer, and includes at least a calculation unit such as a CPU and a recording unit such as a hard disk.
- the configurations of the OCT unit 100, the measurement head 201, and the computer 27 are not limited to the configurations shown in FIG.
- the function of the calculator 27 can be incorporated in the OCT unit 100.
- the sample 22 to be measured is a living tissue of the oral cavity region or an artificial composition of the oral region of the jaw.
- the light source 16 is a temporally low coherent light source. In other words, it is a light source whose wavelength is distributed in a narrow range.
- the light source 16 is preferably a superluminescent diode, for example.
- the fiber coupler 19 is an example of an optical interferometer that functions as a light splitting unit and an interference unit.
- An optical interferometer is an input / output interchangeable optical component that outputs two directions by causing two input lights to interfere with each other. Examples of the optical interferometer include a beam splitter and a half mirror in addition to the fiber coupler 19.
- the diffraction element 25 is a reflective or transmissive optical member having a diffraction spectroscopic function.
- the diffraction element 25 is preferably, for example, a grating element, a diffraction grating, a prism, or the like.
- the diffraction element 25 may be a slice of an optical recording medium.
- An example of optical recording media For example, CD, DVD, MO.
- the CCD camera 26 is an example of a light detection unit.
- a one-dimensional light detector, a two-dimensional light detector, or the like can be used.
- a linear CCD is preferred for the one-dimensional photodetector, and a CCD imaging device and a CMOS imaging device are preferred for the two-dimensional photodetector.
- the two-dimensional photodetector includes a two-dimensional imaging device.
- the measurement head 201 is preferably configured to be operated by an operator by hand. When light is transmitted between the OCT unit 100 and the measurement head 201 by the optical fiber 18, the movable range of the measurement head 201 is widened.
- the FD-OCT device When the FD-OCT device is applied to dentistry, it is assumed that the FD-OCT device is used on the chair side of the chair where the patient is usually sitting at the time of medical examination. In this case, in order to position the measuring head, the entire OCT unit must be precisely positioned in the patient's oral cavity in the aerial optical system (the optical path to the measuring head is air rather than optical fiber). It is also unrealistic for an operator to operate a relatively heavy OCT unit.
- the measurement head 201 is configured to be operated by a hand of an operator, the operator can easily use the chair side by an operator in dental practice. The operator can use the FD-OCT device when the positional relationship between the patient and the measurement head is free.
- the coordinate system is defined as follows.
- the optical axis direction of the measurement light 28 that is, the depth direction of the sample 22 to be measured is z
- the tomographic plane is the zy plane (the galvano mirror 20 scan direction is y).
- x, y, z are directions corresponding to x, y, z of the sample 22 to be measured.
- X the optical axis direction of the measurement light 28
- the tomographic plane is the zy plane (the galvano mirror 20 scan direction is y).
- x, y, z are directions corresponding to x, y, z of the sample 22 to be measured.
- Optically means that even if the spatial direction changes with a mirror or lens, such as an optical fiber, the light travel direction is z, and the direction scanned with a galvanometer mirror is y, both z and y.
- the vertical direction is X.
- the light emitted from the light source 16 is collimated by the lens 17 and then divided into the reference light 29 and the measurement light 28 by the fiber coupler 19.
- the measurement light 28 passes through the optical fiber 18 and the galvano mirror 20 and is collected by the objective lens 21 onto the sample 22 to be measured, where it is scattered and reflected. Later, the light is again guided to the diffraction element 25 by the condenser lens 30 through the objective lens 21, the galvanometer mirror 20, the optical fiber 18, and the fiber coupler 19.
- the reference light 29 is reflected by the reference mirror 24 through the optical fiber 18 and the lens 23, and is again interfered with the measurement light 28 by the fiber coupler 19 through the lens 23. In parallel, the light enters the condenser lens 30 and is guided to the diffraction element 25.
- the measurement light 28 and the reference light 29 are simultaneously split by the diffraction element 25 and overlapped in the spectral region, so that spectral interference fringes on the CCD camera 26, that is, the combined power of the measurement light 28 and the reference light 29 A spectrum is formed.
- a spectral correlation fringe measured by the CCD camera 26 is subjected to inverse Fourier transform in a computer 27, whereby a combined correlation between the measurement light 28 and the reference light 29 is obtained. From this combined correlation, the reflectance characteristic in the depth direction (z-axis direction) of the sample 22 to be measured is obtained. From this reflectance characteristic, information on the structure, composition, or optical characteristics of the sample 22 in the depth direction can be obtained.
- a scanning method in the y-axis direction in addition to the method of driving the calano mirror 20, a method of using a cylindrical lens described later, a method of driving a lens, a method of driving an optical fiber, and a sample 22 to be measured are used.
- a method of driving, a method of moving the measuring head 201 by an operator described later, or the like can be used.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an FD-OCT apparatus that expands light in the y-axis direction using a cylindrical lens.
- the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is different from the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in that a cylindrical lens 33 is provided and a beam splitter 34 is used instead of the fiber coupler 19. And the scanning direction of the galvanometer mirror 20.
- the method of driving the carpano mirror 20 is used as the scanning method in the y-axis direction.
- the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG. Instead of scanning in the y-axis direction, light expansion in the y-axis direction by the cylindrical lens 33 is adopted.
- the cylindrical lens 33 has a direction that functions as a lens and a direction that does not function as a lens.
- the direction in which it functions as a lens and the cross section in the plane including the optical axis are the same as the cross section of a normal convex lens or concave lens, and this cross sectional shape is the same regardless of the position in the direction that does not function as a lens. is there.
- the cylindrical lens 33 is arranged so as to have a directional force y direction that functions as a lens.
- the light spread in the y direction by the cylindrical lens 33 is distributed and irradiated in the y direction of the sample 22 to be measured (the y direction on the cylindrical lens 33 and the y direction of the sample 22 to be measured are optically identical). And not necessarily spatially the same direction).
- Cylindrical lens 33 serves as a light expansion means in the y direction.
- the cross section of the measurement light 28 is linear along the y-axis direction.
- this optical fiber 18 is a light whose cross section is bundled on a one-dimensional line.
- the fiber or fiber must be bundled in a two-dimensional circle.
- the direction of the grooves of the diffraction element 25 is preferably the y-axis direction.
- the cross section in the y-axis direction of the sample 22 to be measured can be obtained by CCD without mechanical scanning in the y-axis direction. Can be obtained with a camera 26 one-shot. Therefore, the carpano mirror 20 can obtain a three-dimensional structure of the sample 22 to be measured only by scanning in the X-axis direction.
- the operator uses the measuring head 2 Use the method of scanning in the X axis direction by moving 01.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the measurement head in the present embodiment.
- the measurement head 201 shown in FIG. 3 (a) includes an acceleration sensor 38.
- a sensor Gx included in the acceleration sensor 38 detects acceleration in the X-axis direction.
- the measurement head 201 is movable at least in the X-axis direction with respect to the sample 22 to be measured, for example, by an external operation such as an operator's operation.
- the acceleration sensor 38 is connected to a computer 27 (see, for example, FIG. 1), and data detected by the acceleration sensor is sent to the computer 27.
- each cross-section information can be specified by the y-direction acceleration sensor information. In this case, scanning in the y-axis direction by the carpano mirror 20 or light expansion in the y-axis direction by the cylindrical lens 33 can be omitted.
- the structure of the sample 22 to be measured in the z-axis direction is obtained from the spectral interference fringes.
- the y-axis direction or the X-axis direction can be moved by moving the measuring head 201. Therefore, mechanical running Incorporating the scissors means into the device can be omitted. As a result, the structure of the device is simplified and imaging can be performed at high speed.
- the measurement head 204 is a modification of the measurement head 201.
- the measurement head 204 shown in FIG. 3B includes an acceleration / angular velocity sensor 39.
- the acceleration sensor 39 includes acceleration sensors Gx, Gy, Gz that detect acceleration in the x, y, and z axis directions, and angular velocity sensors ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ that detect angular velocities around the x, y, and z axes, respectively. Including.
- the measuring head 204 is movable with respect to the sample 22 to be measured by an external operation such as an operator's operation.
- the acceleration / angular velocity sensor 39 is connected to the computer 27, and the data detected by the acceleration / angular velocity sensor 39 is sent to the computer 27.
- the spatial position and direction of can be specified.
- three-dimensional data including the internal structure of the sample 22 to be measured can be obtained within the range in which the measurement head 204 has moved. In this case, scanning in the X-axis and y-axis directions by the carpano mirror 20 can be omitted.
- the computer 27 resets the position / direction information.
- the subsequent movement of the measuring head 204 is performed by integrating the output of the acceleration sensor twice in the computer 27 with time and integrating the output of the angular velocity sensor once in the computer 27 with time.
- Required as direction data The position / direction data of the measuring head 204 is stored in synchronization with the cross-sectional image data acquired when the measuring head 204 moves.
- the calculator 27 calculates the position of the tomographic image after reset from the position 'direction data of the measuring head 204', spatially synthesizes each tomographic image data, and the internal structure of the sample 22 to be measured. Construct 3D data including
- the computer 27 can also display on the monitor the connection of the measurement cross section, the display of the arbitrary cross section, the alignment display of the measurement cross section, the body surface display, or a combination thereof.
- the acceleration / angular velocity sensor 39 provided in the measurement head 204 detects the three-dimensional movement of the measurement head 204 during OCT measurement, whereby the inside of the sample 22 to be measured is detected.
- the measurement area data including information can be positioned in 3D space with 6 degrees of freedom.
- the imaging range of the OCT apparatus including the FD-OCT apparatus is limited to several mm ⁇ several mm even when mechanical scanning such as a galvanometer mirror is performed.
- the imaging range of the OCT apparatus including the FD-OCT apparatus is limited to several mm ⁇ several mm even when mechanical scanning such as a galvanometer mirror is performed.
- only one tooth is 5 to 15 mm.
- the periodontal tissue is 2 Omm, and the dental arch is 100-150mm.
- the tomographic image can be obtained by scanning or expanding in the X-axis or y-axis direction using a galvano-mirror cylindrical lens, etc. Even in the FD-OCT apparatus, the width of the tomographic image is several millimeters and exceeded It is necessary to measure the tomographic image of the region separately.
- the force described for the FD-OCT device is not necessarily the FD-OCT device, and is not the FD-OCT device! /, Or the OCT device! / ⁇ .
- the CCD camera 26 may be a photo detector using a simple mirror instead of the diffraction element 25.
- Embodiment 2 The FD-OCT apparatus according to Embodiment 2 can be applied to the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG. 1 or 2 except for the parts described below, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the computer 27 positions the information of the sample 22 to be measured, which is measured by the measuring head, in a three-dimensional space.
- a reference object 41 whose shape is known in advance is attached to the sample 22 to be measured.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a diagram showing an example of a state where the reference object 41 is attached to the sample 22 to be measured.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating an example of the reference object 41.
- the reference object 41 can specify the position and direction of any cross section.
- the reference object 41 is preferably a quadrangular pyramid. The following process flow will be described.
- the position / direction information is reset in the computer 27.
- the first tomographic image including the reference object 41 whose shape is known in advance is acquired at the same time as the reset, and the coordinate system of the sample 22 to be measured is determined based on the reference object 41.
- the tomographic image acquired by the movement of the measuring head 205 is also measured together with the reference object 41, and the position / direction of the tomographic image is calculated in the computer 27 based on the position 'direction of the reference object 41. Calculate.
- Each tomographic image data is spatially synthesized to construct 3D data including the internal structure of the sample 22 to be measured.
- the FD-OCT apparatus fixed the measurement object 22 with the reference object 41 whose shape was known in advance before the OCT measurement operation. This is another method, and the following method can also be used.
- the whole or part of the measured object is identified from a part of the measurement data and used as reference shape data.
- collating the shape of the reference object from the entire OCT measurement data of the measurement object it is possible to position multiple or continuous OCT tomographic image data of the measurement object in 6 degrees of freedom in 3D space. .
- the force described for the FD-OCT device is not necessarily the FD-OCT device. It is not an FD-OCT device! /, But an OCT device! / ⁇ [0085] (Embodiment 3)
- the OCT apparatus according to Embodiment 3 can be applied to the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 except for the part described below, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the cross-sectional image of the sample 22 to be measured measured by the FD-OCT apparatus is positioned in a three-dimensional space.
- these measurement area data in the three-dimensional space are extracted. Determine the positional relationship with 6 degrees of freedom.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing images in a plurality of measurement area data.
- the image range 42 is a cross-sectional image of the sample 22 to be measured obtained by the FD—OCT apparatus.
- the image range 43 is a cross-sectional image when a measurement region different from the measurement region of the image range 42 is measured, for example, by moving the measurement head. The process flow will be described below.
- the position and direction are reset in the computer 27 (see, for example, Fig. 1).
- the computer 27 extracts a feature pattern 45 from the image range 42.
- the feature pattern is, for example, an image of a lesion part included in the measurement sample 22
- a measurement area different from the measurement area of the image range 42 is measured by moving the measurement head or the like. It is assumed that the cross-sectional image obtained at this time is the image range 43.
- the calculator 27 extracts a feature pattern 45 from the image range 43. Since a series of measurements are measured discontinuously or continuously while moving the measurement head, the position of the feature pattern can be tracked by continuing this operation.
- the computer 27 regards the feature pattern 45 in the image range 42 and the feature pattern in the image range 43 as the same pattern, and connects the images.
- the right side 40 of the image range 43 can be connected so as to match the position indicated by the two-dot chain line 44 in the image range 42.
- the computer 27 performs the image connection process as described above for a plurality of images, thereby A wide range of data including the internal structure of the sample 22 to be measured is constructed.
- the force described for the FD-OCT device is not necessarily the FD-OCT device, and is not the FD-OCT device! /, But the OCT device! / ⁇
- FIG. 6 to 12 are diagrams illustrating the configuration of the measurement head of the OCT apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
- the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or the conventional OCT apparatus can be applied to the parts other than those described below.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head of the OCT apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the measurement head 210 is provided at the tip of the optical fiber 18.
- the optical fiber guides the measurement light emitted from the light splitting unit (for example, beam splitter 34) of the OCT unit 101 (for example, FIG. 2) to the sample 22 to be measured, and reflects the measurement light reflected by the sample 22 to be measured.
- the light is again guided to the interference part of the OCT unit 101 (for example, the beam splitter 34).
- the measurement head 210 is preferably used as a measurement head of a FD-OCT apparatus of a type using a cylindrical lens, such as the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG.
- the optical fiber 18 is bundled, and from the optical fiber 18, the measurement light spread in the y direction is distributed and irradiated along the y direction of the sample 22 to be measured.
- the dotted line g represents the central imaging light beam
- the alternate long and short dash line h represents the imaging area.
- the tip portion of the tip end of the optical fiber 18 is the irradiation condensing unit 210a.
- the irradiation condensing unit 210a collimates the measurement light through the lens 46 without changing the optical axis direction with respect to the optical axis direction of the optical fiber at the tip of the optical fiber, and irradiates the sample 22 to be measured. Further, the irradiation condensing unit 210a condenses the reflected z-direction light from the sample 22 to be measured.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head of the OCT apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the irradiation condensing unit 21 la is a scanning fixed to the irradiation condensing unit 21 la.
- the optical axis direction of the measurement light is changed to a direction different from the optical axis direction of the optical fiber 18 at the tip of the optical fiber 18 by the driven mirror 49 (galvano mirror) and the non-scanning mirror 47 (fixed mirror). . That is, the galvanometer mirror 49 and the mirror 47 serve as an optical axis changing unit.
- the measurement head 211 can be used as, for example, a measurement head of a FD-OCT apparatus of a type having a galvano mirror such as the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG.
- the number of the optical fiber 18 is one, and the measurement light emitted from the optical fiber 18 is scanned in the y-axis direction by the Calpano mirror 49. That is, the galvano mirror 49 rotates to move the imaging point in the sample to be measured within the imaging range 51.
- the measurement heads 210 and 211 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are effective for tomographic image measurement from the anterior surface, canine tooth, and first molar molar surface.
- FIG. 8 (a) is a diagram showing still another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head of the OCT apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the measurement head 212 can be used as a measurement head of a FD-OCT apparatus of a type using a cylindrical lens, for example, like the measurement head of the OCT apparatus shown in FIG.
- the optical fibers 18 are bundled, and from the optical fibers 18, the measurement light spread in the y direction is distributed and irradiated along the y direction of the sample 22 to be measured.
- the dotted line g represents the central image light beam
- the alternate long and short dash line h represents the imaging area.
- the irradiation condensing unit 212a changes the optical axis direction of the measurement light by the fixed mirror 47 that is not driven to scan.
- FIG. 8 (b) is a diagram showing another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head of the OCT apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the measurement head 213 can be used, for example, as a measurement head of a FD-OCT apparatus of a type having a galvano mirror like the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG.
- the single measurement light emitted from the optical fiber 18 is scanned in the y-axis direction by the Carpano mirror 49.
- the irradiation condensing unit 213a is configured to change the optical axis direction of the measurement light by the scanning driven mirror (galvano mirror) 49 fixed to the irradiation condensing unit 213a.
- 18 Change the direction of the optical axis of the optical fiber 18 at the tip.
- the measurement heads 212 and 213 shown in Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b) are effective for tomographic image measurement from the occlusal surface of the tooth. It is also effective for tomographic measurements from the lingual side of the molar part in addition to the occlusal surface.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing still another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head of the OCT apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the measurement head 214 can be used, for example, as a measurement head of a FD-OCT apparatus of a type using a cylindrical lens like the measurement head of the OCT apparatus shown in FIG.
- the optical fibers 18 are bundled, and from the optical fibers 18, the measurement light spread in the y direction is distributed and irradiated along the y direction of the sample 22 to be measured.
- the dotted line g represents the central imaging light beam
- the alternate long and short dash line h represents the imaging area.
- the irradiation condensing unit 214a changes the optical axis direction of the measurement light by using two mirrors 47A and 47B which are fixed to the irradiation condensing unit 214a and are not driven to scan.
- the irradiation condensing unit 214a can realize an L-shaped shape and can have an open space in which the tooth buds as the sample 22 to be measured can be arranged inside the L-shaped.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing still another preferred example of the configuration of the measurement head of the OCT apparatus in the present embodiment.
- the measurement head 215 can be used, for example, as a measurement head of a FD-OCT apparatus of the type having a galvano mirror like the FD-OCT apparatus shown in FIG.
- the number of the optical fiber 18 is one, and the measurement light emitted from the optical fiber 18 is scanned in the y-axis direction by the Calpano mirror 49.
- the irradiation condensing unit 215a changes the optical axis direction of the measurement light by a mirror (galvano mirror) 49 that is driven by scanning and a mirror 47 that is not driven by scanning.
- the irradiation condensing unit 215a has an L-shaped shape, and has an open space in which the tooth buds as the sample 22 to be measured can be placed inside the L-shaped.
- the measurement heads 214 and 215 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are effective for tomographic image measurement from the lingual side of the tooth.
- At least a part of the irradiation condensing units 210a to 215a can be separated from the tip of the optical fiber 18 or the OCT unit and can be replaced. I prefer to be possible.
- the tip of the measuring head 215 shown in FIG. 10 can be rotated in the direction of the arrow j. Further, it is possible to adopt a mode in which the mirror closest to the subject of the irradiation condensing unit of the measuring head can be rotated.
- the optical distance of the measurement light in the irradiation condensing unit becomes long.
- the optical distance of the measurement light and the optical distance of the reference light must be approximately the same. Therefore, if the optical distance of the measurement light changes, it is necessary to change the optical distance of the reference light accordingly. That is, the optical splitting force (interference part) force of the beam splitter 34 or fiber force piper 19 is equal to the optical distance to the approximate center position of the measurement range, and the optical splitting part (interference part) force is equal to the optical distance to the reference mirror.
- the optical splitting force (interference part) force of the beam splitter 34 or fiber force piper 19 is equal to the optical distance to the approximate center position of the measurement range
- the optical splitting part (interference part) force is equal to the optical distance to the reference mirror.
- the position of the reference mirror may be changed, or the reference mirror that reflects the reference light may be switched between a plurality of reference mirrors having different positions. preferable.
- FIG. 11 (a) is a diagram illustrating an example in which the position of the reference mirror is switched.
- the positions of the reference mirror 24 and the lens 23 are switched between a position indicated by a solid line and a position indicated by a dotted line. These can be run manually or manually.
- two positions of the reference mirror 24 and the lens 23 are shown by a solid line and a dotted line.
- Three or more stop positions for the reference mirror 24 and the lens 23 may be provided, and the position of the reference mirror 24 may be switched at three or more positions having different optical distances.
- FIG. 11 (b) is a diagram showing an example of a configuration in which the reference mirror that reflects the reference light is switched between a plurality of reference mirrors at different positions.
- two reference mirrors 24A and 24B having different reference optical path lengths are provided. Switching between these two reference mirrors 24A and 24B is performed by the switching mirror 52.
- the switching mirror 52 has its end It rotates about 45 degrees as the rotation axis 53.
- the switching mirror 52 is rotated by a motor or manually.
- the solid line and the broken line indicate the optical path that switches with the angle of the switching mirror 52. It is also possible to switch three or more reference mirrors 24 having different optical distances by providing three or more stop angles for the switching mirror 52. You can have multiple lenses that focus on the reference mirror 24 along with the reference mirror 24.
- the irradiation condensing units 210a to 215a can be designed so that the optical distance of the measurement light does not change. That is, an optical axis changing unit such as the mirror 47 or the calpano mirror 49 can be arranged so that the optical distances of the measurement light beams from the irradiation condensing units 210a to 215a are equal. Moreover, the optical distance of measurement light can be adjusted by providing an optical fiber in the irradiation condensing part 210a-215a.
- the optical distance of the measurement light is equal to the optical distance of the measurement light in the measurement head 213 shown in FIG. 8 (b) and the measurement head 215 shown in FIG.
- the distance between the mirror 47 and the carpano mirror 49 can be set.
- the measuring head is inserted into the oral cavity.
- the measuring head may touch the tooth buds. Therefore, it is necessary to sterilize or disinfect the measuring head. Therefore, it is preferable that a cover such as a cap or a cover made of a material that can transmit measurement light (z-direction object reflected light) can be attached to the tip of the measurement head.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example when a sterilization cap is attached to the measurement head.
- a cap 55 is attached to the tip of the measuring head 216.
- the cap 55 includes a constriction 55a for being fixed to the measuring head 216.
- the constriction is also provided in the housing of the measuring head 216.
- Cap 55 and measuring head 216 need to be sterilizable. Therefore, it is preferable to use a material that is heat resistant at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower, or a material that is not altered or deformed by a sterilization gas, as a component of the measuring head 216.
- the cap 55 should be made of a material that does not change the optical properties of the measurement light except the intensity and wavelength. That's right.
- the cap is preferably made of a transparent material and is disposable. Suitable materials include glass resin and ceramic. These only need to transmit the measurement light, and need not be transparent with visible light.
- the measurement head that is effective in the present embodiment, it is possible to measure a sample to be measured, which has been difficult to measure by the OCT apparatus.
- dentitions are arranged in a complicated manner, and the surfaces of individual teeth have various angles and directions. This also varies greatly from individual to individual.
- it has a measuring head to irradiate the measuring light perpendicularly to the tooth surface. It is necessary to turn the hand in various directions.
- the measurement head that is effective in the present embodiment it is possible to irradiate measurement light perpendicularly to the tooth surface with respect to the dentition in the oral cavity from various directions.
- the present invention can be used as an optical coherence tomography apparatus that can measure at high speed and has a simple structure and is inexpensive, and particularly as an apparatus for dental measurement.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2006/300719 WO2007083376A1 (ja) | 2006-01-19 | 2006-01-19 | 光コヒーレンストモグラフィー装置および計測ヘッド |
US12/087,846 US7965392B2 (en) | 2006-01-19 | 2006-01-19 | Optical coherence tomography device and measuring head |
DE112006003666T DE112006003666T5 (de) | 2006-01-19 | 2006-01-19 | Vorrichtung zur optischen Kohärenztomographie und Messkopf |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2006/300719 WO2007083376A1 (ja) | 2006-01-19 | 2006-01-19 | 光コヒーレンストモグラフィー装置および計測ヘッド |
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WO2007083376A1 true WO2007083376A1 (ja) | 2007-07-26 |
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PCT/JP2006/300719 WO2007083376A1 (ja) | 2006-01-19 | 2006-01-19 | 光コヒーレンストモグラフィー装置および計測ヘッド |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US7965392B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006003666T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007083376A1 (ja) |
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WO2013136476A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-19 | 株式会社吉田製作所 | プローブ |
CN105121998A (zh) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-12-02 | 哈德斯菲尔德大学 | 干涉设备及使用这种设备的样品特征确定设备 |
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JP5538368B2 (ja) | 2008-05-15 | 2014-07-02 | アクサン・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド | Octの結合プローブおよび一体化システム |
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CA2763826C (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2020-04-07 | 3Shape A/S | Focus scanning apparatus |
TWI425188B (zh) * | 2009-08-31 | 2014-02-01 | Zygo Corp | 顯微鏡系統和成像干涉儀系統 |
JP2013075035A (ja) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-25 | Canon Inc | 光断層像撮像方法、光断層像撮像装置およびプログラム |
US20140340691A1 (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2014-11-20 | Nikon Corporation | Enhancements to integrated optical assembly |
EP2904988B1 (de) * | 2014-02-05 | 2020-04-01 | Sirona Dental Systems GmbH | Verfahren zur intraoralen dreidimensionalen Vermessung |
CN104490362A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-08 | 上海电力学院 | 基于光子纳米喷射的高横向分辨光学相干层析系统 |
EP3280350B1 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2019-01-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | A dental light irradiation device |
DE102015107485B3 (de) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-09-29 | Hochschule Für Technik Und Wirtschaft Berlin | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung optischer Tiefeninformationen eines optisch streuenden Objekts |
EP3326576B1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-03-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | A dental treatment system |
JP6768500B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-28 | 2020-10-14 | 株式会社キーエンス | 光走査高さ測定装置 |
JP6831700B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-28 | 2021-02-17 | 株式会社キーエンス | 光走査高さ測定装置 |
JP6829992B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-28 | 2021-02-17 | 株式会社キーエンス | 光走査高さ測定装置 |
CN111419192A (zh) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-17 | 首都医科大学宣武医院 | 基于ps-oct的牙体硬组织早期脱矿及龋病的可视化成像装置 |
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CN105121998A (zh) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-12-02 | 哈德斯菲尔德大学 | 干涉设备及使用这种设备的样品特征确定设备 |
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US7965392B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 |
DE112006003666T5 (de) | 2009-01-02 |
US20090021745A1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
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