WO2007046483A1 - 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007046483A1 WO2007046483A1 PCT/JP2006/320877 JP2006320877W WO2007046483A1 WO 2007046483 A1 WO2007046483 A1 WO 2007046483A1 JP 2006320877 W JP2006320877 W JP 2006320877W WO 2007046483 A1 WO2007046483 A1 WO 2007046483A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- fuel
- dew point
- temperature
- gas
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04507—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04731—Temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system that generates power using a fuel gas containing hydrogen and an oxidant gas containing oxygen, and an operation method thereof.
- the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell as a main body of the power generation unit.
- a fuel cell for example, a phosphoric acid fuel cell, a molten carbonate fuel cell, an alkaline aqueous fuel cell, or a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is used.
- polymer electrolyte fuel cells are characterized by being capable of generating electricity at a relatively low temperature of about 130 ° C to 150 ° C and having high power density and long life. Yes. For this reason, polymer electrolyte fuel cells are expected to be applied to power sources for electric vehicles that require short-time start-up as well as high output characteristics, and home cogeneration systems that require long-term reliability.
- RU home cogeneration systems
- a fuel gas containing hydrogen is supplied to the anode side, and an oxidant gas containing oxygen is supplied to the power sword side. Then, the supplied hydrogen is converted into electrons and protons in the anode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Electrons generated at the anode reach the power sword of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell via an external load connected to the fuel cell system. The proton generated at the anode passes through the polymer electrolyte membrane and reaches the force sword.
- the power sword of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell water is used by using electrons that reach via an external load, protons that pass through the polymer electrolyte membrane, and oxygen supplied to the power sword.
- the fuel gas is supplied from, for example, a fuel gas supply device that generates hydrogen from methane by a steam reforming reaction.
- the oxidant gas is evacuated from the atmosphere by, for example, a sirocco fan. It is supplied from an oxidant gas supply device that takes in gas.
- the fuel gas dew point is Tda and the oxidant gas dew point is
- Tdc and the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell are T cell
- these operating conditions are referred to as “low humidifying operating conditions” t
- the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is operated under As a result, the fuel cell system stably exhibits a predetermined power generation performance over a long period of time (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a start / stop type operation method in which the power generation operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is started or stopped is adopted.
- the control device of the fuel cell system stops the operation of the fuel gas supply device and the oxidant gas supply device, and then Disconnect the electrical connection between the polymer electrolyte fuel cell and the external load. As a result, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is in an open circuit state.
- the control device encloses the humidified inert gas inside the polymer electrolyte fuel cell in order to prevent the polymer electrolyte membrane from drying.
- the control device disconnects the connection between the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the fuel gas supply device, and the oxidant gas supply device, and seals the fuel gas flow channel and the oxidant gas flow channel.
- the fuel cell system prevents the polymer electrolyte membrane from drying for a long period of time (see, for example, Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application No. 04-502749
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-251788
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-163037
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-006166
- the polymer electrolyte membrane can be formed over a long period of time by enclosing the humidified inert gas or sealing the fuel gas channel and the oxidant gas channel.
- the degradation of the polymer electrolyte membrane progresses and the power generation performance of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell decreases with time. This is because when the fuel cell system stops the power generation operation, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell operated under the low-humidification operation condition is disconnected from the external load and becomes an open circuit state. Was the cause.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and the deterioration of the polymer electrolyte membrane when the polymer electrolyte fuel cell operated under the low-humidifying operation condition shifts to the open circuit state.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system with excellent durability that can prevent the above and its operating method.
- the inventors of the present invention when the fuel cell system is operated under the low humidification operation condition, generates power from the state operated under the low humidification operation condition. Based on the fact that deterioration due to drying of the polymer electrolyte membrane is particularly prone to proceed when the operation is stopped, the output voltage is set to a predetermined level lower than the open circuit voltage before the discharge of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is stopped. The inventors have found that adjusting the water content of the polymer electrolyte membrane while maintaining the range is extremely effective in achieving the above-described object, and have reached the present invention.
- a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates power using a fuel gas containing hydrogen and an oxygen-containing gas containing oxygen, and a fuel gas that supplies the fuel gas to the fuel cell.
- a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell, and a small amount of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell.
- a humidifier that humidifies at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas before disconnecting the electrical connection between the fuel cell and the load.
- the temperature control device, the humidification device, the fuel cell, and the fuel gas supply device are controlled based on the dew point or the information related to the dew point, and the temperature of the fuel cell, the fuel gas, and At least one dew point of the oxidant gas is matched, and then the electrical connection between the fuel cell and the load is disconnected.
- the operating method of the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates power using a fuel gas containing hydrogen and an oxidant gas containing oxygen, and a fuel gas that supplies the fuel gas to the fuel cell.
- At least one of the temperature control device, the humidification device, the fuel cell, and the fuel gas supply device is controlled to control the temperature of the fuel cell and at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. The fuel cell and the load are then disconnected from each other.
- the control device controls at least one of the temperature control device and the humidification device during the process of changing the state of the fuel cell system from the power generation operation state to the power generation operation stop state. Since the electrical connection between the fuel cell and the load is cut after the temperature of the fuel cell matches the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and oxidant gas, the water content of the polymer electrolyte membrane is relatively increased. It becomes possible to suppress deterioration of the polymer electrolyte membrane. This makes it possible to provide a fuel cell system with excellent durability.
- the control device includes: The temperature control device is controlled to lower the temperature of the fuel cell so that the temperature of the fuel cell matches the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.
- the temperature control device is controlled to lower the temperature of the fuel cell, so that the temperature of the fuel cell and the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas can be easily matched. It becomes possible.
- control device matches the temperature of the fuel cell with the dew point on the lower dew point side of the fuel gas and the oxidizing agent gas.
- the fuel cell temperature and the dew point on the lower dew point side of the fuel gas and oxidant gas are matched, so that the water content of the polymer electrolyte membrane can be further increased. It becomes possible, and it becomes possible to suppress degradation of a polymer electrolyte membrane more effectively.
- control device controls the output current density of the fuel cell to be equal to or lower than the output current density during the power generation when the reduction is performed.
- control device controls at least one of the flow rate and the temperature of the refrigerant in the temperature control device to lower the temperature of the fuel cell.
- the control device controls the humidification device to raise the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas, and The temperature of the fuel cell is matched with the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.
- the humidifying device is controlled to increase the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas, the fuel cell temperature and at least the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are increased.
- One dew point can be easily matched.
- control device includes the temperature of the fuel cell, the fuel gas, and the oxide. Match the dew point on the lower dew point side of the agent gas.
- the temperature of the fuel cell and the dew point on the lower dew point side of the fuel gas and oxidant gas are matched, so that the water content of the polymer electrolyte membrane can be further increased. It becomes possible, and it becomes possible to suppress degradation of a polymer electrolyte membrane more effectively.
- control device controls the output current density of the fuel cell to be equal to or lower than the output current density at the time of power generation when the controller is raised.
- the output current density of the fuel cell is controlled to be equal to or lower than the output current density during power generation.
- the amount of water produced can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent the flow path blockage from occurring in the fuel cell.
- control device controls the temperature of the humidifier in the humidifier by at least one of the flow rate and the temperature of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas, and the fuel gas and the Increase the dew point of at least one of the oxidant gases.
- the temperature of the humidifier in the humidifier is controlled by at least one of the flow rate and the temperature of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. At least one of the dew points can be easily raised.
- the information related to the dew point is the operating condition of the fuel gas supply device
- the information related to the dew point is the information of the fuel gas supply device. Use operating conditions.
- the information related to the dew point is an operating condition of at least one of the fuel cell and the humidifier
- the information related to the dew point is the information The operating conditions of at least one of the fuel cell and the humidifier are used.
- the control device includes: Before making the temperature of the fuel cell coincide with the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas, control is performed so that the dew point of the fuel gas becomes lower than the temperature of the fuel cell.
- the control device matches the temperature of the fuel cell with the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.
- the dew point of the oxidant gas is controlled to be lower than the temperature of the fuel cell.
- the present invention is implemented by the means as described above, and can prevent deterioration of the polymer electrolyte membrane when the polymer electrolyte fuel cell operated under the low humidification operation condition shifts to the open circuit state. In addition, it is possible to provide a fuel cell system having excellent durability and an operation method thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration of a fuel cell of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart schematically showing a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows the temperature Tcell, fuel gas dew point Tda, oxidant gas dew point Tdc, and fuel in the characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 3 is a time chart schematically showing a change in battery output voltage Vfc.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a fuel cell temperature Tcell, a fuel gas dew point Tda, an oxidant gas dew point Tdc, and a characteristic operation variation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 4 is a time chart schematically showing changes in the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically showing a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- 6 is a time chart schematically showing changes in the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell, the dew point Tda of the fuel gas, the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas, and the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart schematically showing a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows the temperature Tcell, fuel gas dew point Tda, oxidant gas dew point Tdc, and fuel cell in the characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- 6 is a time chart schematically showing a change in the output voltage Vfc.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a fuel cell temperature Tcell, a fuel gas dew point Tda, an oxidant gas dew point Td c, and a fuel cell system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- 4 is a time chart schematically showing changes in the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a correlation diagram schematically showing the relationship between the dew point of fuel gas produced by the fuel gas supply device and SZC for each reaction temperature of the steam reforming reaction.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration for calculating the dew point of the oxidant gas humidified by total heat exchange.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration for calculating the dew point of the oxidizing gas humidified by the hot water humidifier.
- Fuel cell Polymer electrolyte fuel cell
- Fuel gas supply section
- a fuel cell system including a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is simply referred to as a “fuel cell system”.
- the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is simply referred to as “fuel cell”.
- the membrane Z electrode assembly is simply referred to as “MEA”.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration of the fuel cell of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 only the main part of the fuel cell is shown in order to clearly explain the basic configuration of the fuel cell.
- a unit cell 102 (hereinafter, “unit cell” is referred to as “cell”) is configured.
- a plurality of cells 102 are stacked in series to form a fuel cell 101.
- the MEA 5 includes a polymer electrolyte membrane 1 having proton conductivity.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane 1 selectively transports protons in a water-containing state.
- the proton transport capacity of the polymer electrolyte membrane 1 is such that the fixed charge fixed on the polymer electrolyte membrane 1 is ionized in a water-containing state, and hydrogen that functions as a counterion of the fixed charge is ionized and can move. Realized by becoming.
- a catalyst reaction layer 2a and a catalyst reaction layer 2c mainly composed of carbon powder carrying a platinum-based metal catalyst are formed at the center of both surfaces of the polymer electrolyte membrane 1. , Each is installed so as to face each other.
- the catalytic reaction layer 2a hydrogen derived from the fuel gas, which is also supplied with the power of the fuel gas supply device (not shown in FIG. 1), is converted into electrons and protons as shown in the chemical formula (1).
- the electrons generated in the catalytic reaction layer 2a pass through an external load (not shown in FIG. 1) connected to the fuel cell system, The catalyst reaction layer 2c is reached.
- Protons generated in the catalytic reaction layer 2a pass through the polymer electrolyte membrane 1 and reach the catalytic reaction layer 2c.
- the gas diffusion layer 3a and the gas diffusion layer 3c are opposed to the surfaces of the catalyst reaction layer 2a and the catalyst reaction layer 2c that are not in contact with the polymer electrolyte membrane 1, respectively. It is arranged.
- the gas diffusion layer 3a and the gas diffusion layer 3c have both the air permeability and conductivity of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas, and are electrically connected to the surfaces of the catalytic reaction layer 2a and the catalytic reaction layer 2c, respectively. It is installed like this.
- the anode 4a is constituted by the catalyst reaction layer 2a and the gas diffusion layer 3a.
- the cathode reaction layer 2c and the gas diffusion layer 3c constitute a cathode 4c.
- the MEA 5 is composed of the polymer electrolyte membrane 1, the anode 4a, and the force sword 4c.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane 1 of MEA 5 is sandwiched between electrically insulating gaskets 9a and 9c. Further, these gaskets 9a and 9c are electrically conductive separators 7a and 9c. It is sandwiched between separators 7c.
- the cell 102 is configured in the fuel cell 101.
- the fuel gas flow path 6a is recessed in the surface in contact with the gas diffusion layer 3a of the separator 7a.
- the fuel gas flow path 6a supplies the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device to the gas diffusion layer 3a of the MEA 5, and discharges the gas generated by the catalytic reaction and the surplus fuel gas to the outside of the cell 102.
- an oxidant gas flow path 6c is recessed on the surface of the separator 7c in contact with the gas diffusion layer 3c.
- the oxidant gas flow path 6c supplies the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas supply device to the gas diffusion layer 3c of the MEA 5 and supplies the gas generated by the catalytic reaction and the surplus oxidant gas to the outside of the cell 102.
- Separator 7a and The gas diffusion layer 3a is electrically connected, and the separator 7c and the gas diffusion layer 3c are also electrically connected.
- a plurality of cells 102 are electrically stacked in series to form a fuel cell 101.
- a plurality of cells 102 are electrically connected in series so that a desired output voltage can be obtained by electrically connecting the separator 7a of one cell 102 to the separator 7c of the other cell 102.
- stacked In this fuel cell 101, concave portions facing each other are formed on the surface of the separator 7a in contact with the separator 7c and the surface of the separator 7c in contact with the separator 7a, whereby the cooling water passage 8a and the cooling water passage 8c is configured.
- a gasket 10 is disposed between the separator 7a and the separator 7c in order to prevent leakage of the cooling water flowing through the cooling water channel 8a and the cooling water channel 8c.
- the cooling water channel 8a and the cooling water channel 8c are supplied with cooling water supply device cooling water (not shown in FIG. 1), and this cooling water cools the fuel cell 101 that generates heat during the power generation operation.
- the thermal energy recovered from the fuel cell 101 by the cooling water is used for hot water supply, for example.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 2, only the components necessary for explaining the present invention are shown, and the other components are not shown.
- a fuel cell system 100 includes a fuel cell 11 that generates power by supplying a fuel gas and an oxidant gas as a main body of its power generation unit. ing.
- the fuel cell system 100 also includes a fuel gas supply device 16 and an oxidant gas supply device 17 that respectively generate fuel gas and oxidant gas to be supplied to the fuel cell 11, and fuel from the oxidant gas supply device 17.
- the humidifier 18 that humidifies the oxidant gas supplied to the battery 11 in the middle, and the dew point temperatures of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas supplied by the humidifier 18 and the fuel gas supply device 16 described above (hereinafter simply referred to as “dew point”).
- the dew point sensor 21a and the dew point sensor 21c for detecting t, u) are provided.
- the fuel cell system 100 also includes a temperature control device 19 that controls the temperature of the fuel cell 11 when a fuel gas and an oxidant gas are supplied to generate power using a cooling medium, the temperature control device 19 and the fuel described above.
- the fuel cell system 100 includes a control device 20 that appropriately controls the operations of the fuel cell 11, the fuel gas supply device 16, the oxidizing agent gas supply device 17, and the temperature control device 19 described above.
- the fuel cell 11 includes a fuel gas supply unit 12, an oxidant gas supply unit 13, a fuel gas discharge unit 14, and an oxidant gas discharge unit 15.
- the fuel gas generated by the fuel gas supply device 16 is supplied to the fuel gas supply unit 12 of the fuel cell 11 after its dew point is detected by the dew point sensor 21a.
- the surplus fuel gas in the fuel cell 11 is discharged from the fuel gas discharge portion 14 of the fuel cell 11.
- the oxidant gas from the oxidant gas supply device 17 is humidified by the humidifier 18 and the dew point is detected by the dew point sensor 21c, and then supplied to the oxidant gas supply unit 13 of the fuel cell 11.
- the surplus oxidant gas in the fuel cell 11 is discharged from the oxidant gas discharge portion 15 of the fuel cell 11.
- the fuel gas supply device 16 generates a fuel gas rich in hydrogen by a water vapor reforming reaction using a raw material such as city gas or propane gas. This fuel gas is humidified during the water vapor reforming reaction and supplied to the fuel cell 11 in a state containing water vapor.
- a raw material such as city gas or propane gas.
- This fuel gas is humidified during the water vapor reforming reaction and supplied to the fuel cell 11 in a state containing water vapor.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane (not shown in FIG. 2) of the fuel cell 11 is maintained in a wet state.
- the fuel gas supply device 16 and the dew point sensor 21a are used to humidify the pure hydrogen.
- a humidifier is disposed between the two.
- the oxidant gas supply device 17 takes in air as the oxidant gas from the atmosphere using, for example, a sirocco fan. Then, the taken-in air is supplied to the fuel cell 11.
- the air taken in from the atmosphere usually does not contain the amount of water vapor necessary for wetting the polymer electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell 11. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, in the fuel cell system 100, the humidifier 18 is disposed between the oxidant gas supply device 17 and the dew point sensor 21c.
- the humidifier 18 humidifies the air discharged from the oxidant gas supply device 17 and supplies the humidified air to the fuel cell 11. As described above, even when the air humidified by the humidifier 18 is supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 to the fuel cell 11, The child electrolyte membrane is maintained in a wet state.
- the dew point sensor 21a detects the dew point of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 16 to the fuel cell 11.
- the dew point sensor 21c detects the dew point of the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 to the fuel cell 11.
- the dew point of the fuel gas and the dew point of the oxidant gas detected by the dew point sensor 21a and the dew point sensor 21c are defined as the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc inside the fuel cell 11, respectively. Is considered.
- any dew point sensor may be used as long as the dew point sensor has durability against fuel gas and oxidizing agent gas and temperature durability.
- the fuel gas dew point Tda depends on the performance of the fuel gas supply device 16 (correctly, the reformer included in the fuel gas supply device 16), and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc depends on the performance of the humidifier 18. . Therefore, the dew point calculated based on the operating conditions of the reformer is used as the fuel gas dew point Tda, and the dew point or humidifier calculated based on the operating conditions of the humidifier 18 is used as the oxidant gas dew point Tdc.
- the temperature (actually measured value) may be used.
- the temperature control device 19 includes, for example, a circulation pump that circulates a cooling medium and a radiator (cooling fin, heat exchange, etc.) that radiates heat from the circulating cooling medium.
- the temperature control device 19 supplies, for example, a cooling medium that also has hydraulic power to the fuel cell 11, and collects the cooling medium that has been heated by the heat generated by the power generation and has risen in temperature from the fuel cell 11. Then, the temperature control device 19 cools the coolant whose temperature has risen, and then supplies it to the fuel cell 11 again.
- the temperature control device 19 reduces the temperature of the fuel cell 11 by changing at least one condition of the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium.
- the temperature of the fuel cell 11 can be lowered by increasing the flow rate of the cooling medium in the temperature control device 19. Further, the temperature of the fuel cell 11 can be lowered by lowering the temperature of the cooling medium. Thereby, the temperature control device 19 maintains the temperature of the fuel cell 11 at a constant temperature.
- the heat energy recovered from the fuel cell 11 by the cooling medium is used for hot water supply, for example.
- the temperature sensor 22 is a temperature of the cooling medium discharged from the fuel cell 11 to the temperature control device 19. Is detected.
- the temperature of the cooling medium detected by the temperature sensor 22 is regarded as the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11.
- the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 is the highest temperature in the fuel cell 11.
- the detection method includes a method of measuring the temperature of the cooling medium supplied to the fuel cell 11, a method of directly measuring the temperature of a separator (not shown in FIG. 2) that constitutes the fuel cell 11, and a fuel cell 11 A method of measuring the temperature of the cooling medium discharged from the factory is conceivable.
- the highest temperature part in the fuel cell 11 is assumed to be the outlet part of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 because the cooling medium supplied with the inlet force exchanges heat with the fuel cell 11 and discharges the outlet force.
- the temperature sensor 22 detects the temperature of the cooling medium discharged from the fuel cell 11 to the temperature control device 19.
- the low humidification operation conditions are, for example, the temperature of the inlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 ⁇ Tda ⁇ the temperature of the outlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 (Tcell) and the cooling in the fuel cell 11
- the operating condition may be that the temperature of the inlet portion of the medium ⁇ Tdc and the temperature of the outlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 (Tcell).
- the effect of the present invention can be achieved even when at least a part of the inside of the fuel cell is in a low humidification operation condition.
- the low humidifying operation condition may be, for example, an operating condition in which Tda is the temperature of the inlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 and Tdc ⁇ the temperature of the inlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 is satisfied. Good. In this case, almost the entire interior of the fuel cell is in a low humidifying operation condition, and the effects of the present invention can be obtained more remarkably.
- the low humidification operation conditions are, for example, the temperature of the inlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 ⁇ Tda, the temperature (Tcell) of the outlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11, and Tdc ⁇ fuel cell
- the operating condition of the temperature of the inlet of the cooling medium in 11 may be used.
- the low humidification operation condition includes, for example, the temperature of the inlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 and the temperature of the inlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11 ⁇ Tdc ⁇ the outlet portion of the cooling medium in the fuel cell 11. Even the operating condition of temperature (Tcell)! /.
- the control device 20 appropriately controls at least the operations of the fuel cell 11, the fuel gas supply device 16, the oxidant gas supply device 17, and the temperature control device 19.
- the control device 20 includes, for example, an MPU and a memory. Based on data stored in the memory in advance, the operation of at least the fuel cell 11, the fuel gas supply device 16, the oxidant gas supply device 17, and the temperature control device 19 is performed. Is appropriately controlled.
- the operation of the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment disconnects the electrical connection between the fuel cell operated under the low humidification operation condition and the external load (that is, the fuel cell is in an open circuit state). This is the same as the operation of the conventional fuel cell system except that the polymer electrolyte membrane is humidified before. Therefore, only the characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart schematically showing a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 3, only the steps necessary for explaining the present invention are shown, and the other steps are not shown.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a fuel cell temperature Tcell, a fuel gas dew point Tda, an oxidant gas dew point Tdc, and a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 6 is a time chart schematically showing changes in the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell. In FIG. 4, only the operations necessary for explaining the present invention are shown, and the other operations are not shown.
- the control device 20 When the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 100 is stopped, the control device 20 is first operated under a low humidification operation condition that satisfies the relationship of Tcell> Tda and Tcell> Tdc (The temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 in the state 1) shown in FIG. 4 is controlled by controlling the operation of the temperature control device 19 (operation 1 shown in FIG. 4), so that the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 becomes the oxidant gas dew point Tdc. Decrease until they match (step S1 and state 2 shown in Fig. 4). In the state 2 shown in FIG. 4, the control device 20 performs electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load. Continue to discharge the fuel cell 11 without cutting the battery.
- control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11 and, based on the output signals of the dew point sensor 21c and the temperature sensor 22, the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas. It is determined whether or not the force has been applied (step S2).
- step S2 if it is determined that the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 does not match the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas (NO in step S2), the control device 20 While continuing the discharge, the control shown in step S1 is continued until the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S2 that the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas (YES in step S2), the control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11. The cooling operation of the temperature controller 19 is stopped (step S3 and operation 2 shown in FIG.
- Step S4 and state 3 shown in Fig. 4).
- the polymer electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell 11 is sufficiently used to prevent deterioration of the polymer electrolyte membrane by mainly using moisture contained in the oxidant gas. Humidified.
- control device 20 determines whether or not the measurement time Tm has reached a predetermined time Tpd set in advance (step S4).
- step S4 when it is determined that the measurement time Tm has not reached the predetermined time Tpd set in advance (NO in step S4), the control device 20 causes the fuel cell 11 to discharge. The operation state of the fuel cell system 100 is further maintained until the measurement time Tm reaches a predetermined time Tpd set in advance.
- the control device 20 performs electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load. The connection is disconnected (operation 3 shown in FIG. 4), the discharge of the fuel cell 11 is stopped (step S5), and the fuel cell 11 is brought into an open circuit state (state 4 shown in FIG. 4).
- the control device 20 stops the operation of the fuel gas supply device 16 and the oxidant gas supply device 17. Further, in order to prevent the polymer electrolyte membrane from being dried, for example, humidified inert gas is sealed in the fuel cell 11. Then, the control device 20 stops all operations related to the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 100.
- the fuel cell 11 is operated under the low humidification operation condition satisfying the mutual relationship of Tcell> Tda and Tcell> Tdc, and the power generation operation is started from the state where When stopping, the control device 20 reduces the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11, continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11 until the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas, and the fuel cell 11 The discharge to the external load is stopped after the temperature Tcell matches the oxidant gas dew point Tdc.
- FIG. 5 shows the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell, the dew point Tda of the fuel gas, the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas, and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc in a modification of the characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 3 is a time chart schematically showing changes in the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell.
- the control device 20 When stopping the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 100, the control device 20 operates under the low-humidification operation condition and determines the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 in the state (state 1 shown in Fig. 5). Then, by controlling the operation of the temperature control device 19 (operation 1 shown in FIG. 5), the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 is lowered until it coincides with the fuel gas dew point Tda (step S l and in FIG. 5). State 2). In state 2 shown in FIG. 5, the control device 20 is connected to the fuel cell 11 and the external negative The discharge of the fuel cell 11 is continued without disconnecting the electrical connection with the load.
- the control device 20 sets the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 to the amount of fuel gas dew. It is determined whether or not the point Tda matches (step S2). When it is determined that the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the fuel gas dew point Tda (YES in step S 2), the control device 20 cools the temperature control device 19 while continuing the discharge of the fuel cell 11. The operation is stopped (step S3 and operation 2 shown in FIG. 5), and the operation state of the fuel cell system 100 is maintained until the measurement time Tm reaches a preset time Tp d (step S4 and step S4). And state 3) shown in Fig. 5.
- the control device 20 determines whether or not the measurement time Tm has reached a predetermined time Tpd that has been set in advance (step S4). If it is determined that the measurement time Tm has reached the preset time Tpd (YES in step S4), the control device 20 disconnects the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load. (Operation 3 shown in FIG. 5), the discharge of the fuel cell 11 is stopped (step S5), and this is brought into an open circuit state (state 4 shown in FIG. 5).
- the control device 20 sets the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 to be low.
- the discharge of the fuel cell 11 is continued until the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the fuel gas dew point Tda, and the discharge to the external load is performed after the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the fuel gas dew point Tda. Stop.
- an interrelationship Tcell ⁇ Td a ⁇ Td C is realized, and the polymer electrolyte membrane is further humidified, so that the polymer electrolyte membrane is deteriorated. Can be more effectively suppressed.
- the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 and the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas (or the fuel gas dew point Tda) are determined by the dew point sensor 21c (or the dew point sensor 21a) and the temperature sensor 22.
- the form of actually stopping the power generation operation by measuring was described, the power generation operation is stopped based on the time chart showing the relationship between Tcell and Tdc (or Tda) measured in advance, without being limited to this form. It is good also as a form. Even in a powerful form, the same effect as that obtained in the present embodiment can be obtained.
- the embodiment has been described in which the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load is disconnected after the measurement time Tm reaches the predetermined time Tpd set in advance.
- the temperature of the fuel cell 11 is not limited Immediately after the Tcell matches the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc, the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load is disconnected. It is good also as a form. Even in the form of profit, the same effect as that obtained in the present embodiment can be obtained.
- the fuel gas dew point Td a and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc satisfy the mutual relationship of Tda and Tdc during the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 100.
- Tda Tdc
- Tda Tdc
- the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is the same as the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIGS. Therefore, the description regarding the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment is omitted here.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically showing a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 shows the characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- 6 is a time chart schematically showing changes in the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell, the dew point Tda of the fuel gas, the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas, and the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell.
- the control device 20 When stopping the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 100, the control device 20 operates under the low-humidification operation condition and determines the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 in the state (state 1 shown in Fig. 7). Then, by controlling the operation of the temperature control device 19 (operation 1 shown in FIG. 7), the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 is lowered until it matches the fuel gas dew point Tda (step Sl and shown in FIG. 7). State 2). Further, in the state 2 shown in FIG. 7, the control device 20 reduces the output current density at the time of discharging of the fuel cell 11 to be equal to or lower than the output current density at the time of discharging in the above-described state 1 (steps S2 and Operation shown in Fig. 2). The operation 2 shown in FIG. 7 raises the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell 11 and generates power in the fuel cell 11! The amount of water produced is reduced.
- the control device 20 determines whether or not the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the fuel gas dew point Tda based on the output signals of the dew point sensor 21a and the temperature sensor 22 (step S3). . If it is determined that the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the fuel gas dew point Tda (YES in step S3), the controller 20 stops the cooling operation of the temperature controller 19 (step S3).
- the operation state of the fuel cell system 100 is maintained until the measurement time Tm reaches a predetermined time Tpd set in advance in S4 and the operation 3) shown in FIG. 7 (state 3 shown in FIG. 7). In the state 3 shown in FIG. 7, the polymer electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell 11 is sufficiently humidified using moisture contained in the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.
- the control device 20 determines whether or not the measurement time Tm has reached a predetermined time Tpd set in advance (step S5).
- the control device 20 disconnects the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load. Discharging is stopped (step S6 and operation 4 shown in FIG. 7), and the fuel cell 11 is brought into an open circuit state (state 4 shown in FIG. 7).
- control device 20 After that, after stopping the operation of the fuel gas supply device 16 and the oxidant gas supply device 17, the control device 20 performs the above-described predetermined treatment for preventing the polymer electrolyte membrane from drying. Then, all operations related to the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 100 are stopped.
- the fuel cell 11 is operated under the low humidification operation condition.
- the control device 20 decreases the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 and stops discharging to the external load after the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 matches the fuel gas dew point Tda.
- the control device 20 reduces the output current density during discharge of the fuel cell 11 to be lower than the output current density during power generation operation. As a result, the amount of water generated when the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 is lowered can be reduced, so that the flow caused by flooding that may occur when the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 is lowered is reduced. Road clogging can be effectively suppressed.
- the reaction resistance at the anode and the power sword usually increases as the temperature of the fuel cell decreases.
- a so-called inversion phenomenon occurs in which the output voltage of the fuel cell becomes 0 volt or less.
- the power generation performance of the fuel cell is significantly reduced.
- the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 is lowered, the output current density during discharge of the fuel cell 11 is reduced to below the output current density during power generation operation. It becomes possible to effectively suppress the battery 11 from falling into the inversion state. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the power generation performance of the fuel cell 11 from being lowered.
- the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, except that a dew point control device is provided instead of the humidifier 18 shown in FIG.
- the configuration of the fuel cell system according to 1 is the same. Therefore, here, the difference between the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment and the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment will be described, and description of common parts will be omitted.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 8, only components necessary for explaining the present invention are shown. The other components are not shown.
- the fuel cell system 200 includes a dew point control device 24.
- the dew point control device 24 controls the dew point of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 16 and the oxidant gas supply device 17 and the dew point of the oxidant gas as necessary.
- the fuel gas dew point and the oxidant gas dew point are substantially controlled by a humidifier 18a and a humidifier 18c included in the dew point control device 24.
- the operations of the humidifier 18a and the humidifier 18c are controlled by a controller 23 included in the dew point control device 24.
- the fuel gas and the oxidant gas whose dew points are respectively controlled pass through the detection points of the dew point sensor 21a and the dew point sensor 21c to the fuel cell 11 as in the case of the fuel cell system 100 according to the first embodiment. Supplied.
- the operation of the controller 23 is controlled by the control device 20 included in the fuel cell system 200.
- the dew point control device 24 includes a three-way valve 25. If it is not necessary to adjust the dew point of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 16, the three-way valve 25 supplies the fuel gas directly to the dew point sensor 21a without supplying it to the humidifier 18a. Function.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart schematically showing a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 9, only the steps necessary for explaining the present invention are shown, and the other steps are not shown.
- FIG. 10 shows a fuel cell temperature Tcell, a fuel gas dew point Tda, an oxidant gas dew point Tdc, and a characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- 6 is a time chart schematically showing changes in the output voltage Vfc of the fuel cell. In FIG. 10, only the operations necessary for explaining the present invention are shown, and the other operations are not shown.
- the control device 20 When stopping the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 200, the control device 20 first sets Tcell> T By controlling the operation of the dew point control device 24 in the state where the fuel cell 11 is operated under the low humidifying operation condition satisfying the mutual relationship of da and Tcell> Tdc (state 1 shown in FIG. 10). (Operation 1 shown in FIG. 10), increase the dew point Tda of the fuel gas and the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas until the oxidant gas dew point Tdc matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 (step Sl and FIG. 10). State 2). In the state 2 shown in FIG. 10, the control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11 without disconnecting the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load.
- control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11, and the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 based on the output signals of the dew point sensor 21c and the temperature sensor 22. It is determined whether or not it has been corrected (step S2).
- step S2 when it is determined in step S2 that the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas does not coincide with the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 (NO in step S2), the control device 20 While continuing the discharge of 11, the control shown in step S1 of FIG. 9 is continued until the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S2 that the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas coincides with the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 (YES in step S2), the control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11 while continuing the dew point.
- the control device 24 stops the dew points Tda and Tdc from rising (Step S3 and operation 2 shown in FIG. 10), and the fuel cell system 200 is operated until the measurement time Tm reaches a preset time Tpd.
- the state is maintained (step S4 and state 3 shown in FIG. 10).
- state 3 shown in FIG. 10 the polymer electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell 11 is sufficiently humidified to a state in which deterioration of the polymer electrolyte membrane can be prevented mainly by using moisture contained in the oxidant gas. Is done.
- control device 20 determines whether or not the measurement time Tm has reached a predetermined time Tpd set in advance (step S4).
- step S4 when it is determined that the measurement time Tm has not reached the predetermined time Tpd set in advance (NO in step S4), the control device 20 discharges the fuel cell 11. The operation state of the fuel cell system 200 is further maintained until the measurement time Tm reaches a predetermined time Tpd set in advance. On the other hand, in step S4, If it is determined that the measurement time Tm has reached the preset time Tpd (YES in step S4), the control device 20 disconnects the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load (FIG. 10). 3), the discharge of the fuel cell 11 is stopped (step S5), and the fuel cell 11 is brought into an open circuit state (state 4 shown in FIG. 10).
- control device 20 stops the operation of the fuel gas supply device 16 and the oxidant gas supply device 17.
- a humidified inert gas is enclosed in the fuel cell 11 as in the first embodiment. Then, the control device 20 stops all operations related to the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 200.
- the fuel cell 11 is operated under the low humidification operation condition satisfying the mutual relations of Tcell> Tda and Tcell> Tdc!
- the control device 20 raises the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc, and the fuel cell 11 discharges until the oxidant gas dew point Tdc matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11.
- the discharge to the external load is stopped after the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11.
- FIG. 11 shows the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell, the fuel gas dew point Tda, the oxidant gas dew point Tdc, and the fuel in a modification of the characteristic operation of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- 3 is a time chart schematically showing a change in battery output voltage Vfc.
- the control device 20 When stopping the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 200, the control device 20 By controlling the operation of the dew point control device 24 (operation 1 shown in FIG. 11) while the fuel cell 11 is in operation (state 1 shown in FIG. 11), the fuel gas dew point Tda is The fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc are raised until they coincide with the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 (step Sl and state 2 shown in FIG. 11). In the state 2 shown in FIG. 11, the control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11 without disconnecting the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load.
- the control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11, and the fuel gas dew point Tda matches the temperature T cell of the fuel cell 11 based on the output signals of the dew point sensor 21 a and the temperature sensor 22. It is determined whether or not it is correct (step S2). If it is determined that the fuel gas dew point Tda matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 (YES in step S2), the control device 20 continues the discharge of the fuel cell 11 and the dew point by the dew point control device 24. The rise of Tda and Tdc is stopped (step S3 and operation 2 shown in FIG. 11), and the operation state of the fuel cell system 200 is maintained until the measurement time Tm reaches a preset time Tpd ( Step S4 and state 3) shown in Fig. 11.
- the control device 20 determines whether or not the measurement time Tm has reached a predetermined time Tpd set in advance (step S4). If it is determined that the measurement time Tm has reached the preset time Tpd (YES in step S4), the control device 20 disconnects the electrical connection between the fuel cell 11 and the external load. (Operation 3 shown in FIG. 11), the discharge of the fuel cell 11 is stopped (step S5), and this is brought into an open circuit state (state 4 shown in FIG. 11).
- the control device 20 when the power generation operation is stopped from the state where the fuel cell 11 is operated under the low-humidification operation condition, the control device 20 performs the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxygen concentration. Increase the dew point Tdc of the propellant gas and continue to discharge the fuel cell 11 until the fuel gas dew point Tda matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11, and the fuel gas dew point Tda matches the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11 Later, the discharge to the external load is stopped. As a result, the correlation Tcell ⁇ Tda ⁇ Tdc is realized in the open circuit state where the fuel cell 11 stops discharging to the external load, and the polymer electrolyte membrane is further humidified. Furthermore, it becomes possible to suppress effectively.
- the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc are reduced.
- the dew points coincide with the temperature Tcell of the fuel cell 11, it is possible to obtain the same effect as in the first embodiment.
- the mode of increasing both the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc when stopping the power generation operation of the fuel cell system 200 has been described.
- the present embodiment is limited to this mode.
- at least one of the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc may be raised.
- the control device 20 controls the three-way valve 25 to directly supply the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 16 to the dew point sensor 21a.
- control device 20 controls the controller 23 to control the operation of the humidifier 18 c, whereby the oxidant supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 is controlled. Supply to the dew point sensor 21c without adjusting the gas dew point. Even in a powerful form, the same effect as that obtained in the present embodiment can be obtained.
- the temperature of the humidifier provided in the dew point control device 24 is controlled by external power such as commercial power so that at least one of the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc is reduced.
- external power such as commercial power
- the present invention is not limited to such a form.
- the temperature of the humidifier of the dew point control device 24 is controlled by changing at least one condition of the flow rate and temperature of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 16 to the fuel cell 11, thereby It is also possible to control at least one of the gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc.
- the temperature of the humidifier of the dew point control device 24 is controlled by changing at least one of the flow rate and temperature of the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 to the fuel cell 11.
- at least one of the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc may be controlled.
- at least one condition of the flow rate and temperature of both the fuel gas and the oxidant gas may be changed. Even in the form of profit, the same effect as that obtained in the present embodiment can be obtained.
- the control device controls either the temperature control device or the dew point control device to control the temperature of the fuel cell.
- the mode in which the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas is matched is described. However, it is not limited to such a form.
- the control device controls both the temperature control device and the dew point control device so that the temperature of the fuel cell and the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are reduced. It is also possible to adopt a form in which is matched. With such a configuration, it is possible to greatly reduce the waiting time until the temperature of the fuel cell matches the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.
- the dew point of the fuel gas and the dew point of the oxidant gas are It is desirable that each does not change over time.
- the waiting time until the temperature of the fuel cell matches the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas can be shortened.
- a bubbler can be used as a humidifier of the dew point control device.
- a bubbler is a humidifier that performs humidification in warm water through fuel gas or oxidant gas.
- the fuel gas or oxidant gas is humidified so as to have the same dew point as the temperature of the hot water.
- a heat source for driving the bubbler it is possible to use a cooling medium for cooling the fuel cell, a heater, and combustion exhaust gas from the reformer.
- a bubbler as a humidifier of the dew point control device, it becomes easy to keep the fuel gas dew point constant and to keep the oxidant gas dew point constant. As a result, it becomes easy to shorten the waiting time until the temperature of the fuel cell matches the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas with a relatively simple configuration.
- the temperature control device 19 lowers the temperature of the fuel cell 11 so that the temperature of the fuel cell 11 matches the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.
- An embodiment has been described in which the dew point of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas is raised by the point control device 24 to match the temperature of the fuel cell 11 with the dew point of at least one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas.
- the dew point of the fuel gas and the dew point of the oxidant gas can be reduced without providing the dew point sensor 21a and the dew point sensor 21c. It becomes possible to detect accurately.
- the dew point control device 24 By constructing an appropriate configuration in the fuel cell systems 100 and 200, it becomes possible to accurately increase the dew point of the fuel gas and the dew point of the oxidant gas without installing the dew point control device 24. .
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 12, only the components necessary for explaining the present invention are shown, and the other components are not shown.
- the configuration of fuel cell system 300 according to the present embodiment does not include dew point sensors 21a and 21c, and therefore the configuration of fuel cell system 100 shown in the first embodiment. Is different.
- the configuration of the fuel cell system 300 according to the present embodiment is such that the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 is discharged from the oxidant gas discharge unit 15 of the fuel cell 11.
- a total heat exchange 26 that humidifies using excess oxidant gas hereinafter, this excess oxidant gas is referred to as “exhaust oxidant gas” is provided in place of the humidifier 18.
- exhaust oxidant gas this excess oxidant gas is referred to as “exhaust oxidant gas”
- This is different from the configuration of the fuel cell system 100 shown in the first embodiment.
- the configuration of the fuel cell system 300 is shown in the first embodiment.
- the configuration of the fuel cell system 100 is the same.
- dew point Tda of the fuel gas supplied to fuel cell 11 is calculated based on the operating conditions of fuel gas supply device 16.
- SZC steam carbon ratio
- the reaction temperature of the steam reforming reaction and the fuel gas dew point Tda are previously stored in the memory of the control device 20 in the fuel cell system 300.
- a data table indicating the relationship is stored.
- S / C is set in the control device 20 in advance according to the operating conditions of the fuel cell system 300. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the dew point sensor 21a shown in FIG. 1 is detected by detecting the reaction temperature of the steam reforming reaction (the temperature of the reforming catalyst) in the fuel gas supply device 16 with the existing temperature detector.
- the dew point Tda of the fuel gas without using can be easily calculated.
- the dew point Tda of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 is changed, and the SZ C in the fuel gas supply device 16 is changed in consideration of the shift rate and the like. By controlling, it can be arbitrarily controlled.
- FIG. 13 is a correlation diagram schematically showing the relationship between the dew point of fuel gas generated by the fuel gas supply device and SZC for each reaction temperature of the water vapor reforming reaction.
- the SZC in the fuel gas supply device 16 by changing the SZC in the fuel gas supply device 16, it is possible to arbitrarily control the dew point Tda of the fuel gas generated by the fuel gas supply device 16. .
- the fuel gas dew point Tda is controlled to about 30 ° C by setting the SZC of the fuel gas supply device 16 ⁇ to 2
- the fuel gas dew point Tda can be controlled to about 77 ° C.
- the fuel gas dew point Tda can be controlled to about 42 ° C by setting S ZC in the fuel gas supply device 16 to 2. It becomes possible to control the fuel gas dew point T da to about 79 ° C by setting SZC in the fuel gas supply device 16 to 5.
- SZ in the fuel gas supply device 16 The control of C is appropriately performed based on a comparison between the fuel gas dew point Tda calculated based on the operating conditions of the fuel gas supply device 16 and the fuel cell temperature Tcell.
- Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration for calculating the dew point of the oxidant gas humidified by the total heat exchanger.
- the oxidizing gas supplied from the oxidizing gas supply device 17 and the oxidizing gas discharge of the fuel cell 11 are discharged. Total heat is exchanged with the exhaust oxidant gas that is also discharged.
- the water vapor amount of the exhaust oxidant gas discharged from the oxidant gas discharge section 15 of the fuel cell 11 is P1
- the total heat exchanger 26 is used for humidifying the oxidant gas. Let P2 be the amount of water vapor in the exhaust gas used.
- the water vapor amount of the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 is P3
- the water vapor amount of the oxidant gas humidified in the total heat exchanger 26 is P4.
- the amount of water that has passed through a total heat exchange membrane (not shown) is W1
- the amount of water generated in the fuel cell 11 is Wg.
- the amount of water (oxidant gas side generated water amount) Wgc is calculated as the product of Wg and (1-0). Note that ⁇ (reverse diffusivity) varies depending on the properties of the polymer electrolyte membrane used in the fuel cell 11, but a value measured in advance can be used as a constant.
- the water vapor amount P1 is calculated as the sum of the water vapor amount P4 and the oxidizing gas side generated water amount Wgc. That is, as shown in the equation (1), the water vapor amount P1 is calculated as the sum of the product of the water vapor amount P3, the passing water amount W1, the generated water amount Wg, and (1 ⁇ ). Further, as shown in the equation (2) in FIG. 14, the water vapor amount P2 is calculated as a difference between the water vapor amount P1 and the passing water amount W1. That is, as shown in the equation (2), the water vapor amount P2 is calculated as the sum of the water vapor amount P3 and the oxidizing agent gas side generated water amount Wgc. As shown in equation (3) in Fig.
- the water vapor amount P3 should be based on the actual measured value. Based on the fact that the amount of saturated water vapor at room temperature is very small, it is approximated by the constant ⁇ . As shown in the equation (4) in FIG. 14, the water vapor amount ⁇ 4 is calculated as the sum of the water vapor amount ⁇ 3 and the passing water amount W1. Here, the passing water amount W1 is calculated as a product of a constant (area of the total heat exchange membrane of the humidifier), a constant ⁇ (water vapor transmission coefficient), and a logarithmic average water vapor partial pressure difference D. That is, as shown in Equation (4), the water vapor amount ⁇ 4 is calculated as the sum of the water vapor amount ⁇ 3 and the product of the constant ⁇ , the constant y, and the logarithmic average water vapor partial pressure difference D.
- the water vapor amount ⁇ 4 of the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 is expressed by the equations (1) to (4), the constant a, and the generated water amount Wg (
- the amount of generated water Wg is calculated from the fact that the operating condition force of the fuel cell 11 can also be calculated.
- the generated water amount Wg is calculated using, for example, the area of the polymer electrolyte membrane and the current density. Then, according to the present embodiment, the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 can be easily calculated based on the calculated water vapor amount P4 without using the dew point sensor 21c shown in FIG. can do.
- the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 is controlled by changing the generated water amount Wg in the fuel cell 11 by controlling the current density.
- the current density can be easily controlled by controlling the inverter when the control device 20 is connected to the fuel cell 11.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In FIG. 15, only the components necessary for explaining the present invention are shown, and the other components are not shown.
- the configuration of the fuel cell system 400 according to the present embodiment does not include the dew point sensors 21a and 21c, and thus the configuration of the fuel cell system 100 according to the first embodiment. Is different. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the configuration of the fuel cell system 400 according to the present embodiment is that the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 is supplied to the fuel cell 11. As shown in Embodiment 1, a hot water humidifier 27 that humidifies using a cooling medium discharged from the tank (hereinafter, this cooling medium is referred to as “cooling water”) is provided instead of the humidifier 18.
- the configuration of the fuel cell system 100 is different. In other respects, the configuration of the fuel cell system 400 is the same as the configuration of the fuel cell system 100 shown in the first embodiment.
- the form for detecting the dew point Tda of the fuel gas and the form for controlling the dew point Tda of the fuel gas are the same as the forms shown in the fourth embodiment. Therefore, the description about the form for detecting the dew point Tda of the fuel gas and the form for controlling the dew point Tda of the fuel gas is omitted here.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a configuration for calculating the dew point of the oxidant gas humidified by the hot water humidifier.
- the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidizing agent gas supply device 17 is cooled by the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell 11. Is humidified.
- the saturated water vapor amount at the temperature T1 of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell 11 is P1
- the hot water humidifier 27 was used for humidifying the oxidant gas.
- P2 be the amount of saturated water vapor at cooling water temperature T2.
- the water vapor amount of the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidizing agent gas supply device 17 is P3
- the water vapor amount of the oxidant gas humidified in the hot water humidifier 27 is P4. Further, in FIG.
- the amount of water that has passed through a humidifying film (not shown) is W1
- the temperature of the cooling water at the cooling water outlet of the fuel cell 11 is T1
- the cooling water at the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell 11 is Let T2 be the temperature of.
- the water vapor amount P1 and the water vapor amount P2 can be measured as the saturated water vapor amount S1 at the temperature T1 and the saturated water vapor amount S2 at the temperature T2. It is.
- the water vapor amount P3 should be strictly measured as in the case of the fourth embodiment, but the saturated water vapor amount at room temperature is very small. Is approximated by the constant ⁇ .
- the water vapor amount ⁇ 4 is calculated as the sum of the water vapor amount ⁇ 3 and the passing water amount W1.
- the passing water amount W1 is calculated as a product of a constant
- the water vapor amount P4 is calculated as the sum of the water vapor amount P3 and the product of the constant
- the water vapor amount ⁇ 4 of the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 is expressed by the following equations (1) to (4), the constant a, the temperature T1, and the temperature. Calculated from T2 (temperatures Tl and T2 can be measured).
- the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 without using the dew point sensor 21c shown in FIG. 1 can be easily calculated based on the calculated water vapor amount P4. Can do.
- the water vapor amount P2 may be calculated as a difference between the water vapor P1 and the permeated water amount W1, as shown in the equation (2) in FIG. That is, as shown in the equation (2) in FIG. 14, the water vapor amount P2 may be calculated as the sum of the water vapor amount P3 and the oxidizing gas side generated water amount Wgc.
- the water vapor amount P4 of the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 is calculated from the equations (1) to (4), the constant a, and the temperature Tl.
- the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell 11 is controlled by controlling the flow rate of cooling water, the heat radiation amount in the radiator, and the current density.
- the temperature can be arbitrarily controlled by changing the temperature T1 of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell 11.
- the current density can be easily controlled by controlling the inverter when the control device 20 is connected to the fuel cell 11.
- the fuel gas dew point Tda and the oxidant gas dew point Tdc can be accurately detected without the dew point sensor 21a and the dew point sensor 21c shown in FIG. Is possible. Further, according to the fourth and fifth embodiments, it is possible to accurately increase the dew point Tda of the fuel gas and the dew point Tdc of the oxidant gas without providing the dew point control device 24 shown in FIG.
- the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas supply device 17 is illustrated as being humidified by the total heat exchanger 26 or the hot water humidifier 27. There is no limit.
- the supplied fuel gas may be humidified by the total heat exchanger 26 or the hot water humidifier 27.
- both the fuel gas and the oxidant gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 16 and the oxidant gas supply device 17 may be humidified by the total heat exchanger 26 or the hot water humidifier 27, respectively.
- the water vapor amount ⁇ 3 (constant ⁇ ) of the oxidant gas should be read as the water vapor amount ⁇ 3 (constant a) of the fuel gas! / ⁇ .
- the oxidant gas side generated water amount Wgc should be read as the fuel gas side generated water amount Wga.
- the amount of water vapor in the fuel gas P3 can be calculated based on the operating conditions of the fuel gas supply device, as in the fourth embodiment. Further, when a hydrogen cylinder is used as the fuel gas supply device 16 and the fuel gas is humidified by the total heat exchanger 26 or the hot water humidifier 27, the fuel gas water vapor amount P3 may be approximated to zero.
- the fuel cell system and the operation method thereof according to the present invention can prevent deterioration of the polymer electrolyte membrane when the polymer electrolyte fuel cell operated under the low-humidification operation condition shifts to the open circuit state. It can be used industrially as a fuel cell system with excellent durability and its operation method.
- the fuel cell system and the operation method thereof according to the present invention include a power source for an electric vehicle that requires short-time startup at the same time as a high output characteristic, a home cogeneration system that requires long-term reliability, and the like. In other applications, it can be used industrially.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2006800392980A CN101292385B (zh) | 2005-10-19 | 2006-10-19 | 燃料电池系统及其运行方法 |
US12/090,766 US8394545B2 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2006-10-19 | Fuel cell system and operating method thereof |
JP2007541047A JP5009162B2 (ja) | 2005-10-19 | 2006-10-19 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
US13/162,326 US20110269035A1 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2011-06-16 | Fuel cell system and operating method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-304292 | 2005-10-19 | ||
JP2005304292 | 2005-10-19 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/162,326 Division US20110269035A1 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2011-06-16 | Fuel cell system and operating method thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007046483A1 true WO2007046483A1 (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
Family
ID=37962576
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/320877 WO2007046483A1 (ja) | 2005-10-19 | 2006-10-19 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8394545B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5009162B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101292385B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007046483A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008132783A1 (ja) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-11-06 | Panasonic Corporation | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
WO2009113305A1 (ja) | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
JP2010232065A (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-14 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池システムおよびその停止方法 |
JP2014123468A (ja) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-07-03 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムにおけるアンモニア除去方法 |
JP2016157598A (ja) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社Ihi | 燃料電池発電装置と方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108091904B (zh) * | 2016-11-21 | 2020-09-22 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统 |
JP6801594B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-12-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックの検査方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002047190A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-05 | 2002-06-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Pile a combustible a polyelectrolyte et son procede de mise en service |
JP2002280029A (ja) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの制御装置 |
JP2003178780A (ja) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子電解質型燃料電池システム、および高分子電解質型燃料電池の運転方法 |
JP2004296384A (ja) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-21 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池の停止方法及び固体高分子形燃料電池 |
JP2004363027A (ja) * | 2003-06-06 | 2004-12-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 燃料電池の加湿方法および燃料電池システム |
JP2005209634A (ja) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-08-04 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池の運転停止時制御方法及びその装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1991000254A1 (fr) | 1989-06-30 | 1991-01-10 | Institut Strukturnoi Makrokinetiki Akademii Nauk Sssr | Materiau composite ceramique et son procede d'obtention |
JP3297125B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-25 | 2002-07-02 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 固体高分子電解質燃料電池の停止保管方法 |
JP2004006166A (ja) | 2002-06-03 | 2004-01-08 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質形燃料電池とその運転方法 |
WO2004027912A2 (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-04-01 | Hydrogenics Corporation | A fuel cell system and method of operating the same |
DE60331406D1 (de) * | 2002-10-10 | 2010-04-08 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Brennstoffzelle und Herstellungsverfahren |
JP4070583B2 (ja) | 2002-11-14 | 2008-04-02 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 圧縮式ヒートポンプシステム |
JP2004165037A (ja) * | 2002-11-14 | 2004-06-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムおよびその停止方法 |
KR100554050B1 (ko) * | 2002-12-02 | 2006-02-22 | 산요덴키가부시키가이샤 | 연료 전지 및 연료 전지 시스템 |
JP4222823B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-02 | 2009-02-12 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
JP2004185938A (ja) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-07-02 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池及び燃料電池システム |
CN101080838B (zh) | 2004-12-28 | 2010-05-26 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 高分子电解质型燃料电池发电系统 |
-
2006
- 2006-10-19 WO PCT/JP2006/320877 patent/WO2007046483A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-10-19 JP JP2007541047A patent/JP5009162B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-19 US US12/090,766 patent/US8394545B2/en active Active
- 2006-10-19 CN CN2006800392980A patent/CN101292385B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-06-16 US US13/162,326 patent/US20110269035A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002047190A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-05 | 2002-06-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Pile a combustible a polyelectrolyte et son procede de mise en service |
JP2002280029A (ja) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの制御装置 |
JP2003178780A (ja) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子電解質型燃料電池システム、および高分子電解質型燃料電池の運転方法 |
JP2004296384A (ja) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-21 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池の停止方法及び固体高分子形燃料電池 |
JP2004363027A (ja) * | 2003-06-06 | 2004-12-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 燃料電池の加湿方法および燃料電池システム |
JP2005209634A (ja) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-08-04 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池の運転停止時制御方法及びその装置 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008132783A1 (ja) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-11-06 | Panasonic Corporation | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
US8383278B2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2013-02-26 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system and operating method thereof |
WO2009113305A1 (ja) | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
JP2010232065A (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-14 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池システムおよびその停止方法 |
JP2014123468A (ja) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-07-03 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムにおけるアンモニア除去方法 |
JP2016157598A (ja) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社Ihi | 燃料電池発電装置と方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2007046483A1 (ja) | 2009-04-23 |
US20110269035A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
JP5009162B2 (ja) | 2012-08-22 |
US20090123788A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
US8394545B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
CN101292385B (zh) | 2010-12-15 |
CN101292385A (zh) | 2008-10-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4468994B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US6479177B1 (en) | Method for improving the cold starting capability of an electrochemical fuel cell | |
JP5009162B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 | |
JP4873952B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4599461B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US20170301935A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for controlling fuel cell stack | |
WO2009113305A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 | |
JP3879480B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP3950562B2 (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池システム | |
JP5197581B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 | |
EP2110880B1 (en) | Fuel cell system and method of controlling the same | |
JP4746511B2 (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池システム | |
JP2004207133A (ja) | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池の運転方法 | |
JP2006302791A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4831981B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4332185B2 (ja) | 燃料電池用加湿装置 | |
JP2005294223A (ja) | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 | |
JP2012185924A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2010192179A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2009283364A (ja) | 高分子電解質膜型燃料電池 | |
JP2008153002A (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200680039298.0 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2007541047 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12090766 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 06821963 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |