Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
  • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
  • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
  • G05B19/19—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
  • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
  • B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
  • B25J9/16—Programme controls
  • B25J9/1628—Programme controls characterised by the control loop
  • B25J9/163—Programme controls characterised by the control loop learning, adaptive, model based, rule based expert control
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
  • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
  • G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
  • G05B2219/39061—Calculation direct dynamics

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and a device for motion control of a movable machine element of a machine.
• a machine element In a variety of machines such as machine tools, production machines and / or robots, a machine element must be moved by a movement of a motor from an initial position to a new position, ie to a new position, which can be achieved within a specified travel time. Have the traversing movement to enable commercially be ausbetation by calculating motion profiles corresponding desired size curves for the control of the machine before ⁇ .
• the static and dynamic assembly ⁇ hang between, for example a rotor position of the motor and position of the machine element can in this case obeying linear or non-linear laws.
• the travel time can either be fixed or it may be a goal to minimize it for the purpose of increasing production.
• the position of the machine element such as the position of a tool
• the precalculated position course at runtime even then do not follow if the course of the situation is impressed on the engine. Instead, vibrations are observed on the tool and the target position and the target speed are not reached.
• the traversing profile often has to be modified in a "trial and error” process and, for example, slowed down by jerk limiting so that the oscillations are only excited to a degree permissible for the application
• the control loop is practically open and the control target
• the reference variables and / or pilot control quantities must currently also be suitably adjusted manually, for example by an acceleration limitation, retrospectively.
• the invention has the object of driving a simple locking and to provide a means for guiding the movement of a movable machine element of a machine, which allows an optimized movement of a movable Maschinenele ⁇ management.
• This object is achieved by a method for movement ⁇ management of a movable machine element of a machine with the following steps a) preparation of simulates a machine axis Mo ⁇ dells, b) entering a movement to be carried out of the machine element c) determining an appropriate to an optimized movement of the movable machine element position profile and / or a suitable for the optimized movement of the movable machine element speed ⁇ progression and / or a torque curve suitable for the optimized displacement movement of the movable machine element on the basis of the model, a predefined quality functional and of restrictions of the movement of the machine axis.
• Motion guide of a movable machine element of a machine comprising
• a first advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in step b) the input of the end position and / or initial position of a traversing movement of the machine element to be performed takes place.
• the input of the end position and / or initial position usually a traversing movement of the machine element to be performed is defined.
• the input of the moving speeds on ⁇ initial and / or end position takes place.
• step b) additionally the input of the travel time between the initial and final position takes place.
• the desired travel time for the movement process can be specified exactly.
• the model is produced on the basis of frequency response measurements and / or machine parameters and / or parameter estimation methods.
• the creation of the model can proceed approximately fully automatically by the use of frequency response measurements, machine parameters and / or parameter estimation methods.
• a mass model modeled solely on the mechanics of the machine axis is used as the model, since such a model can generally be easily determined.
• the Einrich ⁇ tion additionally a position controller, which is supplied to the difference from an actual position and the appropriate attitude course and output side outputs a target speed and a speed controller, from which the sum of the target speed and the appropriate speed curve from ⁇ delay an actual speed is supplied and outputs ⁇ output a target torque, has. This allows an exact motion control.
• the device additionally an adder, which determines the sum of the desired torque and the appropriate torque curve and whose output ⁇ outset affects the height of a motor current having. This allows an exact motion control.
• the machine is designed as a machine tool, production machine and / or as Robo ⁇ ter.
• Production machines especially in machine tools, Pro ⁇ and / or robots come vibration problems on in the motion control.
• the invention can also be used in other machines.
• Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a two-mass oscillator
• Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a device for motion control of a movable machine element of a machine
• the connection between the engine 1 and the load 2 has a rigidity c and a damping d.
• the connection may be in the form of a transmission, for example.
• X 3 J M • [ - d • ( X 3 - X 4 ) - C • Ol - * 2 ) + U ]
• the machine is ⁇ axis is substantially constituted by the motor 1 and the load 2, the load 2 may be regarded as an example of a movable nenelement Maschi ⁇ .
• the parameters suitable for the creation of the model such as the torsional rigidity c and damping d, can be determined by means of frequency response measurements and / or parameter estimation methods.
• Machine parameters such as the maximum engine torque M max are known from manufacturer data of the engine manufacturer.
• an input of a traversing movement of the machine element to be carried out takes place in the method according to the invention.
• the Input of an end position and / or initial position of a traversing movement of the machine element to be performed As part of this input and additional inputs such as an input to the desired travel speed, for example, the movable machine element at the start and / or end position he ⁇ follow. Additionally or alternatively, an input of the travel time between the initial and final position can be made.
• inequality constraints e.g. be introduced to take into account the limitation of the maximum inverter voltage to the power supply of the motor.
• the quality function (see relationship (7)) can be the minimization of the time area over the square of a moment, in particular over the square of the engine torque.
• ⁇ by the vibration excitation of the movable machine element is suppressed.
• Alternatives to this are other geeig ⁇ designated quality Functional, the general form
• the mathematical solution of such an optimization problem is generally known to the person skilled in the art.
• the device has a means for creating a model simulating a machine axis in the form of a model-generating means 11. Furthermore, the device has a means for determining a position course x M * (t) suitable for an optimized movement of the movable machine element and / or a velocity profile v M * (t) suitable for the optimized movement of the movable machine element and / or one to the optimized one Movement movement of the movable machine element ments appropriate torque profile M * (t) m from the model, a predetermined Ruêtais and restrictions to the movement of the machine axis in the form of an optimization ⁇ at approximately by. 13
• the optimizing means 13 can be provided with the input data. Furthermore, with the aid of the input means 12, if notwen ⁇ be dig be distributed to other data to the model creation means. 11 Within the optimization means 13, the appropriate location history x M * (t), and / or the appropriate Ge ⁇ schwindtechniksverlauf v M * (t) and the appropriate moment Enver running ⁇ m M * (t) are determined.
• the thus determined suitable position course, suitable speed curve and the appropriate torque curve can serve as a control and / or pre ⁇ control variable, for example, in a control loop for controlling the movable machine element of a machine.
• FIG 3 represents ⁇ . It should thereby, the already known from Figure 1 Sys ⁇ tem of the engine 1 and the movable machine element, which is present in the embodiment in the form of a load 2, are moved.
• the actual position x M is the motor shaft (as actual position x M is to be understood in the embodiment of the rotation angle of the motor shaft) with the aid of a rotor position measuring system 12 and calculates therefrom with the aid of a differentiator 11 the actual speed v Mlst of the motor 1 - net.
• the control loop has a position controller 4, which is the difference between the measured actual position x and the MLST geeig ⁇ Neten position profile x M * (t) is fed and at the output a target speed v so outputs ii.
• the difference is formed by means of a subtracter 8.
• control circuit has a speed controller 5 which, with the aid of a computer module 7, calculates the sum of the desired speed v so ii and the appropriate speed course v M * (t) minus the actual speed v M i S t of the motor ⁇ supplied and outputs a target torque m so ii output.
• control circuit has an adding means 6, wel ⁇ ches the sum of desired torque m so ii and the appropriate Momen ⁇ tenverlauf m M * (t) determined and its output variable (sum of desired torque m so ii and the appropriate torque curve m M * ( t)), the magnitude of the motor current I is influenced by a current control circuit 3.
• the position controller 4 and the speed controller 5 serve only to compensate for any differences between the real existing mechanical system and the established model. In the ideal case, ie, if the model and the actual mechanical system are in perfect agreement, the feeding of the suitable torque curve m M * (t) would be sufficient to carry out the optimized motion control of the movable machine element.
• the position controller 4 and the speed controller 5 could then be omitted.
• the current control circuit 3 a Since the current control circuit 3 a, if very little time ⁇ constant has (basically this is the time to, for example, by an associated drive, the corresponding current can be built up), it may to better align be useful, by means of a first delay element 9 and a second delay element 10 to the suitable position profile x M * (t) and the appropriate velocity profile v M * (t) time ⁇ Lich delay to achieve a temporal adjustment.
• the controller may be provided as an integral Be ⁇ standing part of the position controller 4 and / or theklasreg ⁇ coupler 5 also means for filtering the input and / or output variables.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Robotics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Feedback Control In General (AREA)
• Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (12)

Citations (4)

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• 2005
  • 2005-08-04 DE DE102005036848A patent/DE102005036848B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2006
  • 2006-07-13 WO PCT/EP2006/064189 patent/WO2007014832A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-07-13 JP JP2008524467A patent/JP5078891B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-07-13 US US11/997,813 patent/US20080215164A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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