WO2007000878A1 - 酸化ガリウム-酸化亜鉛系スパッタリングターゲット、透明導電膜の形成方法及び透明導電膜 - Google Patents
酸化ガリウム-酸化亜鉛系スパッタリングターゲット、透明導電膜の形成方法及び透明導電膜 Download PDFInfo
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
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- C04B35/453—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3286—Gallium oxides, gallates, indium oxides, indates, thallium oxides, thallates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc gallate
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- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
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Definitions
- Gallium oxide monobasic zinc-based sputtering target method for forming transparent conductive film, and transparent conductive film
- the present invention provides a gallium oxide (Ga 0) -zinc oxide (ZnO) -based sputtering target (GZO) capable of obtaining a transparent conductive film capable of maintaining good visible light transmittance and conductivity.
- Ga 0 gallium oxide
- ZnO zinc oxide
- GZO sputtering target
- an ITO (indium oxide doped with tin) film as a transparent conductive film is transparent and excellent in electrical conductivity.
- Transparent electrodes (films) or solar cells of display devices such as liquid crystal displays and electoluminescence displays It is used for a wide range of applications such as batteries.
- this ITO has a problem that it is inferior in manufacturing cost because indium which is a main component is expensive.
- This GZ 0 is a zinc oxide film mainly composed of gallium oxide (Ga 0) -zinc oxide (ZnO).
- GZO film is known to be a phenomenon in which conductivity increases due to oxygen deficiency of ZnO, which is the main component. If the film properties of conductivity and light transmission approximate ITO, there is a possibility that usage will increase. is there.
- this GZO film As a method of forming this GZO film, it is mainly carried out by a sputtering method, and in particular, operability and film stability force Direct current (DC) sputtering, radio frequency (RF) sputtering or magnetron sputtering is used. Is formed.
- DC Direct current
- RF radio frequency
- a film is formed by sputtering, in which positive ions such as Ar ions are physically collided with a target placed on the cathode, and the material constituting the target is released by the collision energy, and the substrate on the anode side facing the substrate This is done by laminating a film having almost the same composition as the target material.
- this coating method by sputtering method adjusts the processing time, power supply, etc.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a part of the target material is a zinc oxide-based sintered target that can form a stable thin film that does not cause abnormal discharge.
- ZnO target sintered bodies titanium oxide, germanium oxide, aluminum oxide
- a target composed mainly of zinc oxide to which 1 to 5% by weight of sulfur, magnesium oxide, indium oxide, and tin oxide is selectively added has been proposed.
- Patent Document 2 as a GZ 0 sintered sputtering target that can form a stable thin film that does not cause abnormal discharge, the particle size of zinc oxide and gallium oxide powder is made finer than 1 ⁇ m, When the sintering temperature is adjusted to 1300 to 1550 ° C. and sintering is performed while oxygen is introduced to improve the density, a technique is proposed.
- Patent Document 3 the abnormal as the discharge small tool transmittance higher low resistance GZO sintered sputtering target is long-term generation of 3-7 atoms Ga 0/0, Al, B , In, ZnO-based sintered bodies have been proposed in which 0.3 to 3 atomic percent of the third element, which also has selected Ge, Si, Sn, and Ti forces, is added.
- Patent Document 4 proposes a technique in which sputtering is performed in an atmosphere having hydrogen gas and inert gas power in order to prevent zinc oxide from reacting with moisture and changing electrical and optical characteristics.
- a particular problem in forming a GZO film is that fine projections called nodules are generated in the erosion portion of the target surface during sputtering, and abnormal discharge caused by the nodules Splash causes coarse particles to float in the sputter chamber, which forms and adheres to the film and degrades the quality.
- the abnormal discharge causes the problem that the plasma discharge state becomes unstable and stable film formation cannot be performed.
- Patent Document 1 titanium oxide, acid germanium, acid oxide aluminum, magnesium oxide, oxidation Selectively adding 1 to 5% by weight of indium and acid tin, and in Patent Document 3, the third element selected from Al, B, In, Ge, Si, Sn, and Ti is 0.3 to 3 atoms. % Addition is suggested.
- the ability to improve the manufacturing process of the target Complicating the manufacturing process is a cost factor, and if the density is increased by improving the sintering method or equipment, the equipment must be enlarged. This is an industrially efficient method.
- An optical disk protective film and a sputtering target for forming the protective film are techniques that approximate the component composition.
- the purpose of this technology is to protect the optical disk, and it is mainly composed of one or more of ZnO, In 0 or SnO, and A1 0 or
- Ga 0 or ZrO is contained.
- aO is 0.1 to 20 wt% in the optimum range, and 0.01 to 5 wt% when adding ZrO.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-306367
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-297964
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-256320
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-363732
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-195101
- the gallium oxide (Ga 0) of the present invention In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the gallium oxide (Ga 0) of the present invention
- GZO-based target improves conductivity and density by adding a small amount of a specific element, that is, improves the component composition, increases the sintered density, suppresses nodule formation, and abnormal discharge
- a method for forming a transparent conductive film using the target, and a transparent conductive film formed thereby, are provided.
- Body sputtering target 5) A gallium oxide-zinc oxide thin film containing 20 to 2000 massppm of zirconium oxide is formed on a substrate by sputtering using a gallium zinc oxide-based target containing 20 to 2000 massppm of zirconium oxide.
- Transparent conductive film with excellent conductivity comprising zinc oxide based on gallium oxide containing 20 to 2000 massppm of zirconium oxide formed on the substrate by sputtering
- a transparent conductive film excellent in conductivity as described in 7) or 8) above wherein the specific resistance of the transparent conductive film is 5 m ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- Gallium oxide (Ga 0) -zinc oxide (ZnO) sputtering target of the present invention (GZO system)
- the density of the target can be remarkably improved and the Balta resistance value can be kept constant. Along with this, it is possible to suppress the formation of nodules generated during sputtering film formation, to reduce abnormal discharge over a long period of time, and to obtain a target capable of preventing the generation of particles. It has the effect.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the amount of zirconium oxide (ZrO) added, the sintered density, and the Balta resistance value when sintered at 1400 ° C. in the GZO target of the present example and the comparative example.
- FIG. 2 GZO target of Example and Comparative Example of this application when sintered at 1450 ° C , Graph showing the relationship between the amount of zirconium oxide (ZrO) addition, sintering density, and Baltha resistance
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of added zirconium oxide (ZrO), the sintered density, and the Balta resistance value when sintered at 1500 ° C. in the GZO target of the example of the present application and the comparative example.
- ZrO zirconium oxide
- the conductivity of a transparent conductive film is represented by a sheet resistance ( ⁇ port), and a sheet resistance of about 5 ⁇ port is usually required.
- a further reduction in sheet resistance is required as the liquid crystal screen becomes higher definition.
- the area resistance is represented by a value obtained by dividing the specific resistance by the thickness of the transparent conductive film.
- the area conductivity of a transparent conductive film is expressed as the product of the conductivity (reciprocal of specific resistance) and the film thickness.
- the carrier mobility (cm 2 / V ' sec ) and the carrier concentration n (cnT 3 ) If you increase one or both of them!
- the oxide-gallium oxide-zinc-based sintered sputtering target of the present invention is excellent as a target for forming a transparent conductive film having such film characteristics.
- the amount of gallium oxide is desirably in the range of 0.1 to 10 mass%. More preferably, it is 2-7 mass%.
- the target density is a factor that affects the film characteristics during sputtering.
- the higher the target density the less nodules are formed and the occurrence of abnormal discharges and particles over a long period of time. Occurrence is suppressed, and stable sputtering characteristics and a good film can be obtained.
- Zirconium oxide (ZrO) 20-2000 massppm is the ultimate dopant
- this zirconium oxide is solid-dissolved in GZO and has a characteristic that it can maintain a low resistance value as will be described later. This addition of zirconium oxide is the most important point of the present invention.
- zirconium oxide is less than 20 massppm, high density of the target cannot be achieved. On the other hand, when zirconium oxide exceeds 2000 massppm, the Balta resistance increases. There is also a problem that excessive addition of zirconium oxide causes cracking of the target. Therefore, it is necessary to set it to 2000 massppm or less.
- the sintered density of the high density Sani ⁇ gallium Sani ⁇ zinc oxide sintered sputtering target of the present invention 5. 55gZcm 3 or more, more Ru can der to achieve 5. 6gZcm 3 or more.
- the Balta resistance value of the high-density oxide / gallium / zinc-based sintered sputtering target of the present invention can be 3.0 m ⁇ or less.
- No conventional gallium oxide-zinc oxide-based sintered sputtering target can achieve a sintering density of 5.6 g / cm 3 or higher and a bulk resistance of 3.0 m ⁇ or less simultaneously.
- the Balta resistance value of the target is directly reflected in the resistivity of the transparent conductive film, so that the amount of acid gallium added should be a content that reduces the Nore resistance value.
- the amount of gallium oxide is 0.1 to 10 mass%.
- the method for producing the GZO target of the present invention is not particularly limited, but a predetermined amount.
- Zirconium oxide can be used as a fine grinding medium.
- it can be pulverized using a container of zirconia beads or zirconia lining, and the pulverization media itself is not a contamination source (contamination source). This has the great advantage that the level of grinding can be improved, and a sputtering target with higher purity and higher density can be obtained as compared with the prior art.
- a mixed powder slurry having a median diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m can be obtained.
- This slurry is granulated to obtain a spherical granulated powder.
- this granulated powder can be press-molded and further CIP (isotropic cold pressing) can be performed.
- the compact is sintered in an oxygen atmosphere at a temperature of about 1000 to 1600 ° C. for about 1 to 5 hours to obtain a sintered body.
- the sintering conditions can be arbitrarily changed, and the powder production method can be changed in addition to the above, and is not particularly limited. As a result, a sintered density of 5.55 g / cm 3 or more, and further 5.6 gZcm 3 or more can be achieved.
- This sintered body is ground, cut, processed into a sputtering target having a predetermined shape, and a gallium oxide-zinc-based sintered body sputtering containing 0.1 to 10 mass% of a predetermined amount of zirconium oxide and gallium oxide. Get the target.
- a transparent electrode film is formed on a glass substrate or the like using DC sputtering, RF sputtering, magnetron sputtering, or the like. It should be noted that the power of using normally light-transmitting glass for the substrate is not particularly limited to glass.
- Oxide-gallium Oxide-zinc based sintered target has conductivity and can be easily formed by DC sputtering. Therefore, it is better to use the simplest and most reliable DC sputtering system with high reliability. Typical examples of DC sputtering conditions are shown below.
- This sputtering condition can also be arbitrarily changed.
- Sputtering gas Ar90-100%, 0-10% O
- Substrate temperature Room temperature to 300 ° C
- a present Example is an example to the last, and is not restrict
- ZrO powder with an average particle size of Si ⁇ m or less after grinding with Zirco Your Media is 20 ma each.
- Example 1 ssppm (Example 1), 50 massppnu Example 2), 200 massppm (Example 3), 500 massppm (Example 4), 1000 massppm (Example 5), 2000 massppm (Example 6) Ga 0 powder: 5mass%, the balance of acid and zinc oxide (ZnO).
- Zircoyu (ZrO) balls or beads are used as grinding media and mixed with an attritor.
- This slurry was granulated to obtain a spherical granulated powder. Furthermore, this granulated powder was press-molded, and further CIP (isotropic cold pressing) was performed. The molded body was sintered in the atmosphere at temperatures of 1400 ° C., 1450 ° C., and 1500 ° C. for 5 hours, respectively, to obtain a sintered body. This sintered body was ground, cut, and processed into a sputtering target having a predetermined shape.
- the amount of ruconium was measured, and the amount equivalent to ZrO was calculated for the total amount of target.
- the amount of ZrO contained in the target was almost equal to the amount added before sintering! /.
- the target density was measured by the Archimedes method.
- the Balta resistance value is randomly determined at five locations over almost the entire surface of the mirror-polished target, and measured using a four-probe method at a depth of 2 mm of surface force on the target cut surface. The average value was adopted.
- Tables 1 and 1 show the case of sintering at 1400 ° C
- Tables 2 and 2 show the case of sintering at 1450 ° C
- Tables 3 and 3 show the case of sintering at 1500 ° C.
- the density tends to increase and the bulk resistance value tends to decrease.
- the temperature should be 1400 ° C or less as close as possible.
- Table 1 and FIG. 1 show the force when sintered at 1400 ° C.
- ZrO additive-free (Comparative Example 1 to be described later) gallium zinc oxide-based sintered body.
- the density and Balta resistance are significantly improved.
- it has a density of 5.34 to 5.48 g / cm 3 and a Balta resistance value of 2.83 to 3.18 m ⁇ -cm, which is suitable for high density and low Balta resistance value. I can see that.
- the target was not cracked.
- Table 2 and Fig. 2 show the force when sintered at 1450 ° C.
- the high-density oxide-gallium monoxide-zinc-based sintered sputtering target of this example to which 20 to 2000 mass sppm of zirconium oxide was added is , ZrO additive-free (Comparative Example 1 described later) gallium oxide monoxide-based sintered body
- the density and Balta resistance are significantly improved. That is, it has a density of 5.52 to 5.58 gZcm 3 and a Baltha resistance value of 2.23 to 2.68 m ⁇ -cm It can be seen that more favorable high density and low Balta resistance values are obtained. In addition, the target was not cracked.
- Table 3 and FIG. 3 show the force when sintered at 1500 ° C.
- the high-density oxide-gallium monoxide-zinc-based sintered sputtering sputter of this example to which 20 to 2000 mass sppm of zirconium oxide was added.
- ZrO additive-free (Comparative Example 1 to be described later) gallium zinc oxide-based sintered body.
- the density and Balta resistance are significantly improved.
- it has a density of 5.62-5.64 g / cm 3 and a Balta resistance value of 1.77-2.65 m ⁇ -cm, which is suitable for high density and low Balta resistance value. I can see that.
- the target was not cracked.
- DC sputtering was performed on a glass substrate under the following conditions, and the amount of nodules (coverage) and abnormal discharge were measured and observed.
- the amount of nodule generation (coverage) was measured by observing the surface 1 hour after the start of sputtering, and the abnormal discharge was measured 10 hours after sputtering.
- Table 2 shows the force indicating the nodule coverage of Examples 1 to 6 in 1450 ° C. sintering 1400 ° C., which is even lower than in the case of sintering at 0 ° C.
- the number of abnormal discharges was 135 to 259 times, similarly lower than in the case of 1400 ° C. sintering, and the number of abnormal discharges was small.
- Table 3 shows specific resistances of the sputtered films of Examples 1 to 6 in the case of 1500 ° C sintering.
- the specific resistance of the sputtering film was in the range of 0.56 to 0.62 m ⁇ ′cm, and all satisfied the specific resistance of the transparent conductive film specified in the present invention: 5 m ⁇ ′cm or less. In this case, the same result was obtained when sintering was performed at forces of 1400 ° C. and 1450 ° C., which showed the specific resistance of the sputtered film when using a target sintered at 1500 ° C.
- the film characteristics of the specific resistance ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the film formation and the transmittance% at 550 ° C. were investigated, and showed good visible light transmittance and high conductivity almost inferior to the standard ITO film. It was.
- an oxide-gallium-acid-zinc-based sintered body with a Ga 05 mass% addition amount was added.
- ZrO powder with an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less after grinding with Zirco Your Media to 500 massppm
- Zircoyu (ZrO) balls or beads are used as grinding media and mixed with an attritor.
- this slurry was granulated to obtain spherical granulated powder. Furthermore, this granulated powder was press-molded, and further CIP (isotropic cold pressing) was performed. The molded body was sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1500 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain a sintered body.
- the sintered body was ground, cut, and processed into a sputtering target having a predetermined shape.
- Table 3 shows the results of investigating the characteristics of the target and the characteristics obtained when the target was turned on in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6.
- the sintered body had a density of 5.64 gZcm 3
- the Balta resistance value was a good value of 1.48 m ⁇ cm
- the target did not crack and was strong.
- the nodule coverage increased slightly to 0.330%, but the number of abnormal discharges drastically decreased to 42, and the sputtered film resistivity was 0.22 m ⁇ cm, which was a very good value.
- sintering in an inert atmosphere exhibits even better properties. In this example, sintering was carried out at 1500 °, where the properties of the target and thin film were good, but the same tendency as in Examples 1-6 was observed even at 1400 ° C and 1450 ° C. It was. [0033] (Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
- Ga 0 powder was weighed to 5 mass% so that the remainder was zinc oxide (ZnO).
- the resulting mixture was finely pulverized to obtain a mixed powder slurry having a median diameter of 0.84 m. This slurry was granulated to obtain a spherical granulated powder.
- this granulated powder was press-molded, and further CIP (isotropic cold pressing) was performed.
- the compact was then sintered in the atmosphere at temperatures of 1400 ° C, 1450 ° C and 1500 ° C for 10 hours to obtain a sintered body.
- These sintered bodies were polished iJ, cut and processed into sputtering targets of a predetermined shape.
- the Luke resistance value was measured by the same method as in the example.
- Comparative Example 1 which is an oxide-gallium oxide-zinc-based sintered sputtering target without addition
- the density is 5.23 g / cm 3 and the Balta resistance is 2.1 X lO m Q -cm (2.1 E + 05 m Q -cm), which is 1450.
- the sintered density was 5.39 g / cm 3 and the Balta resistance value was 3.42 m ⁇ 'cm.
- the sintered density was 5.48 g / cm3. remarkably low as cm 3, Balta resistance value as high as 3. 30m ⁇ 'cm Natsuta.
- the density tends to decrease and the Balta resistance value tends to increase.
- the density is 5.58 g / cm 3 and the Balta resistance is 2.50 m Q 'cm. It turns out that it is not preferable as a target. All targets obtained at the above sintering temperature were cracked.
- a transparent electrode film was formed on the glass substrate by DC sputtering using these sintered compact targets under the same conditions as in the example.
- the amount of nodules (coverage) was measured by surface observation 1 hour after the start of sputtering, and the abnormal discharge was measured 5 hours after sputtering. Table 1 shows the results.
- the nodule coverage and abnormalities compared to this example when sintered at 1400 ° C, when sintered at 1450 ° C, and when sintered at 1500 ° C, The number of discharges increased and it was defective.
- Table 3 shows the specific resistance of the film when sputtering was performed using the targets of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 sintered at 1500 ° C., both of which tend to be higher than the specific resistance of the example.
- the tendency of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 showed the same tendency in the specific resistance of the film when sputtering was performed using targets sintered at 1400 ° C. and 1450 ° C.
- Table 3 shows the results of investigating the characteristics of the target when sintered at 1500 ° C and the characteristics when sputtering using this target.
- the target manufacturing method, sputtered film forming method, target and film evaluation method were performed under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 1.
- cracks were also observed in Comparative Example 5 in which the sintered density of the target was lower than that in Examples.
- the Balta resistance value was 3.23 to 3.70 m ⁇ cm, which was higher than in the examples.
- the nodule coverage during sputtering was 0.846 to 1.086%, which was abnormally high, and the number of abnormal discharges was 426 to 628, which was significantly higher than in the examples.
- the specific resistance of the sputtered film was extremely high from 1.06 to 1.26 m ⁇ cm. In all cases, the deterioration of the characteristics was remarkable compared to the examples.
- Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 showed the same tendency in the specific resistance of the film when sputtering was performed using targets sintered at 1400 ° C. and 1450 ° C.
- the amount of zirconium oxide added is less than 20 massppm, the effect is not achieved. If the zirconium oxide content exceeds 2000 massppm, the Balta resistance value increases, the sintered density is not improved, and cracking does not occur. Because of the problem that it occurs, it is appropriate that the amount of zirconium oxide added is in the range of 20 massppm to 2000 massppm.
- zirconium oxide can be used as a medium for fine powder.
- an appropriate amount (small amount) of addition of zirconium oxide is extremely effective in improving the notch characteristics.
- a transparent electrode (film) of a display device such as a liquid crystal display and an electoric luminescence display, or a solar cell.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP06757010.1A EP1897969B1 (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2006-06-06 | Gallium oxide-zinc oxide sputtering target and method for forming a transparent conductive film using the target |
US11/993,944 US7682529B2 (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2006-06-06 | Gallium oxide-zinc oxide sputtering target, method for forming transparent conductive film, and transparent conductive film |
JP2006548432A JP4098345B2 (ja) | 2005-06-28 | 2006-06-06 | 酸化ガリウム−酸化亜鉛系スパッタリングターゲット、透明導電膜の形成方法及び透明導電膜 |
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US (1) | US7682529B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1897969B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4098345B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101004981B1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2380455C2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200706664A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007000878A1 (ja) |
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EP2096188A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2009-09-02 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Sputtering target and oxide semiconductor film |
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JP2010202896A (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-16 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | スパッタリングターゲット及びその製造方法 |
WO2012077512A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-14 | 東ソー株式会社 | 酸化亜鉛焼結体、スパッタリングターゲット及び酸化亜鉛薄膜 |
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KR101006037B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-08 | 2011-01-06 | 제이엑스 닛코 닛세키 킨조쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 산화 갈륨-산화 아연계 스퍼터링 타겟, 투명 도전막의 형성방법 및 투명 도전막 |
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- 2006-06-06 EP EP06757010.1A patent/EP1897969B1/en active Active
- 2006-06-06 RU RU2008102934/02A patent/RU2380455C2/ru active
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US7699965B2 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2010-04-20 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | Zinc oxide-based transparent conductor and sputtering target for forming the transparent conductor |
WO2008023482A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | conducteur électrique transparent à base d'oxyde de zinc, cible de pulvérisation cathodique pour former le conducteur et processus de fabrication de la cible |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4098345B2 (ja) | 2008-06-11 |
EP1897969A1 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
US7682529B2 (en) | 2010-03-23 |
EP1897969A4 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
RU2008102934A (ru) | 2009-08-10 |
JPWO2007000878A1 (ja) | 2009-01-22 |
KR101004981B1 (ko) | 2011-01-04 |
US20090206303A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
RU2380455C2 (ru) | 2010-01-27 |
TW200706664A (en) | 2007-02-16 |
EP1897969B1 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
TWI312811B (ja) | 2009-08-01 |
KR20080016698A (ko) | 2008-02-21 |
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