WO2006136610A2 - Materials for coating ceramic bodies, processes for the preparation thereof, use thereof and ceramic articles including these materials - Google Patents

Materials for coating ceramic bodies, processes for the preparation thereof, use thereof and ceramic articles including these materials Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006136610A2
WO2006136610A2 PCT/EP2006/063509 EP2006063509W WO2006136610A2 WO 2006136610 A2 WO2006136610 A2 WO 2006136610A2 EP 2006063509 W EP2006063509 W EP 2006063509W WO 2006136610 A2 WO2006136610 A2 WO 2006136610A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
materials
ceramic
fired
metal powders
powders
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/063509
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2006136610A3 (en
Inventor
Marco Bitossi
Original Assignee
Colorobbia Italia S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Colorobbia Italia S.P.A. filed Critical Colorobbia Italia S.P.A.
Priority to EP06777447A priority Critical patent/EP1899097A2/de
Publication of WO2006136610A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006136610A2/en
Publication of WO2006136610A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006136610A3/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C03C8/18—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing free metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
    • B22F2009/0876—Cooling after atomisation by gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ceramic materials to be used as coating films for ceramic articles produced with double-fired, porous single-fired, single-fired, porcelain stoneware, third- and fourth-fire technologies.
  • a ceramic body composed of clay, feldspar and quartz and other raw materials depending on the type of article, which is then coated with films of materials of particular interest which, through firing, offer the final product suitable aesthetic and technical characteristics for commercial purposes.
  • the aforesaid materials are applied with various techniques, such as disc application, bell waterfall, dry application (during the phase to press the support or subsequently), screen printing, silicone roller technique and others.
  • some of the aforesaid materials offer the final article an appearance similar to metals, enhancing the characteristics of surface shine typical of metals. Nonetheless, these materials always associate marked shine with other aesthetic characteristics which in any case offer a visual appearance typical of ceramic materials. In particular, a certain degree of surface glassiness typical of brilliant enamels can always be noted. Even in the case of non-brilliant surfaces a texture typical of mat or semi-mat ceramic enamels can nonetheless always be noted. These last-mentioned characteristics mean that, even to the less expert eye, the ceramic tile coated with the relevant materials currently in use can immediately be distinguished from a metal surface, such as steel, copper or other true metals.
  • metal lustres applied in the
  • materials for coating ceramic bodies are intended as: enamels, crystal glazes, frits, frit granules, ceramic paints, atomized, sintered, pelletized and granulated materials, enamels and crystal glazes for screen printing or silicone roller application, enamels and crystal glazes for dry application before, during and after pressing of the support, supplied dry and/or in a medium, in a wide range of grain sizes and suitable for all specific cases.
  • Materials for coating ceramic bodies according to the present invention are composed of metal powders with an extremely high metal content and an extremely low oxide content.
  • Atomized powders produced by cooling the melted alloy in a flow of nitrogen or argon are particularly preferred, as their content of oxides is practically zero and because this technique allows the production of spherical particles which proves more efficient for the wanted result then the particles obtained by water cooling which show and irregular flake shape.
  • the powders used according to the present application consists of a mixture of particles of different diameter, normally comprised between 50 and 150 micron.
  • the fraction of particles having dimension higher then 100 micron is comprised between 20 - 40 % wt on the total of the powder, this embodiment allows the formation in the final product of aesthetic effects (so called "peacock tail” effects) which are particularly appreciated.
  • metal powders useful according to the invention can have the following composition percentages indicated in weight in relation to the total weight of the powder: iron based alloys: Fe 50 - 90%; Cr 4 - 35%; Ni 4 - 11 nickel based alloys: Ni 75 - 96%, Cr 6 - 15%, Fe 1 - 4; cobalt based alloys: Co 50 - 68%; Cr 20 - 30%, Ni 2 - 25% copper based alloys: Cu 75 - 92%; Ni 1 - 5%; Fe 1 - 3 %
  • said powders can also contain, for example, B, Si, C, W, Mo, Mn, Al, Ni,
  • metal powders used in the present application are: Fe 67% Cr 17%, Ni 12%, Mo 2,5% Mn 1 ,5%
  • the metal powders above can be applied dry to the surface of the ceramic body creating the desired decoration by means of a suitable mechanical system.
  • the ceramic body will be subjected to the usual drying and firing operations at the temperatures and for the times and cycles normally required.
  • the powders can be mixed with common materials conventionally used in ceramics, such as frits, feldspars, kaolins, clays, zirconium silicates, alumina-silica minerals containing alkaline and/or alkaline earth elements, metal oxides, ceramic pigments and others normally used to prepare materials for coating ceramic bodies as defined above according to the invention, preferably prepared separately before mixing.
  • ceramics such as frits, feldspars, kaolins, clays, zirconium silicates, alumina-silica minerals containing alkaline and/or alkaline earth elements, metal oxides, ceramic pigments and others normally used to prepare materials for coating ceramic bodies as defined above according to the invention, preferably prepared separately before mixing.
  • the aforesaid mixes are prepared adding metal powders to other materials conventionally used in ceramics as indicated above in a dry mixer or other machine suitable for the type of material to be mixed, to obtain homogenization.
  • the mix thus obtained is applied to the ceramic body, if necessary with the aid of the usual media (i.e. polyethylene glycol or water) and this is then fired at the normal temperatures and for the times and cycles required.
  • the ceramic article can be smoothed and polished with suitable tools, as already known in the art for products coated with conventional materials, or also uncoated products.
  • the cooling phase of the fired article can be performed in furnaces with a flow of nitrogen or argon to reduce any surface oxidation processes which can occur during said cooling phase.
  • the powders are mixed with the other conventional materials mentioned above in high percentages which reach values ranging from 35% to 85% in weight in relation to the total weight of the mixture, so that the percentage of metals Fe, Cu or Co present in the semi-finished product ready for ceramic use is very high.
  • Example 1 The purpose of adding the other ceramic raw materials mentioned is to make these new materials vitrifiable in the correct way and compatible with heat treatment subsequent to application to the support of the article, to obtain films provided with functional performances suitable for the use. This requirement, not always necessary, makes it possible also to use the components indicated above as is, when the firing temperatures, such as for porcelain stoneware, are sufficiently high to allow softening and adhesion to the support.
  • the metallic characteristics visible after firing are provided by the aforesaid metal powders.
  • METAL ENAMEL 1 100 parts of metal enamel thus obtained (METAL ENAMEL 1) are added to 50 parts in weight of commercial screen printing medium (polyethylene glycol or the like).
  • the homogenized suspension is ready for application which is performed on porcelain stoneware support in the following way:
  • the tiles obtained are dried and then fired in a single-layer roller kiln for porcelain stoneware with a maximum temperature of 1200 0 C and overall time cycle of 50 minutes.
  • METALLIC ENAMEL 2 100 parts of enamel thus obtained (METALLIC ENAMEL 2) are added to 50 parts in weight of commercial screen printing medium (polyethylene glycol or the like). The homogenized suspension is ready for application which is performed on porcelain stoneware support in the following way:
  • the tiles obtained are dried and then fired in a single-layer roller kiln for single- firing with a maximum temperature of 118O 0 C and overall time cycle of 40 minutes.
  • the tiles obtained are dried and then fired in a single-layer roller kiln for porcelain stoneware with a maximum temperature of 1200 0 C and overall time cycle of 50 minutes.
  • the metal powder FE23C manufactured by Cogne Acciai Speciali SpA is applied dry, creating a design through a suitable mechanical system on the surface of the pre-pressed or soft mixture upstream of final pressing of the tile.
  • the tiles obtained are dried and then fired in a single-layer roller kiln for porcelain stoneware with a maximum temperature of 1200 0 C and overall time cycle of 50 minutes.
  • the high percentage of iron present on the surface confirms the metallic effect.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
PCT/EP2006/063509 2005-06-23 2006-06-23 Materials for coating ceramic bodies, processes for the preparation thereof, use thereof and ceramic articles including these materials WO2006136610A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06777447A EP1899097A2 (de) 2005-06-23 2006-06-23 Materialien zur beschichtung keramischer körper, verfahren zu deren herstellung, verwendung davon und diese materialien enthaltende keramische artikel

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITFI2005A000142 2005-06-23
IT000142A ITFI20050142A1 (it) 2005-06-23 2005-06-23 Materiali per la ricopertura di corpi ceramici, processi per la loro preparazione loro uso e manufatti ceramici che li comprendono

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006136610A2 true WO2006136610A2 (en) 2006-12-28
WO2006136610A3 WO2006136610A3 (en) 2007-07-12

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Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1899097A2 (de)
IT (1) ITFI20050142A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006136610A2 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1970357A1 (de) 2007-03-14 2008-09-17 Colorobbia Italia S.p.a. Materialien zur Beschichtung keramischer Körper, Herstellung und Verwendung davon und keramische Körper damit
ES2310139A1 (es) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-16 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Esmalte ceramico con brillo metalico, procedimiento de obtencion y aplicacion.
EP2014629A2 (de) 2007-06-22 2009-01-14 Colorobbia Italia S.p.a. Materialien zur Beschichtung keramischer Körper, Herstellung und Verwendung davon und diese enthaltender keramische Körper
CN102242290A (zh) * 2011-06-29 2011-11-16 上海磁浮交通发展有限公司 一种铜釉石墨受电靴材料及其制备方法和用途
CN101318808B (zh) * 2007-08-07 2012-05-30 江苏省宜兴非金属化工机械厂 高强度无机分离膜用多孔陶瓷支撑体
CN104046874A (zh) * 2014-07-11 2014-09-17 辽阳斯佳机械配件有限公司 一种造粒模板用钨基合金
US20150010605A1 (en) * 2012-02-27 2015-01-08 Accord Comunicaciones Ltda Procedure for manufacturing ceramic articles having antifungal, antibacterial and antimicrobial properties, and ceramic articles
EP2620421A3 (de) * 2012-01-24 2015-04-01 Vidres S.A. Beschichtung für keramische Körper
CN107586096A (zh) * 2017-09-11 2018-01-16 蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司 一种全抛结晶釉仿古砖及其制备方法

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DE1646735B1 (de) * 1966-05-24 1971-10-14 Metco Inc Flammspritzmasse
GB1447579A (en) * 1974-07-24 1976-08-25 Trw Inc Electrical resistor composition and resistor
GB2096176A (en) * 1981-04-01 1982-10-13 Nat Standard Co Process for producing controlled density metal bodies
GB2122631A (en) * 1982-05-17 1984-01-18 Uop Inc Composites of a conductive pigment affixed to a substrate
US4696855A (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-09-29 United Technologies Corporation Multiple port plasma spray apparatus and method for providing sprayed abradable coatings
US4822645A (en) * 1986-10-21 1989-04-18 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Metallizing paste and a process for metallizing ceramic articles by using such a metallizing paste
US4960459A (en) * 1987-07-09 1990-10-02 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Method for surface activation of water atomized powders by pickling
EP0362136A2 (de) * 1988-09-28 1990-04-04 Ciba-Geigy Ag Emailzusammensetzungen für Beschichtungen
US4906514A (en) * 1988-11-21 1990-03-06 Corning Incorporated Metallized substrate for electronic device
JPH03218989A (ja) * 1989-02-27 1991-09-26 Nippon Chem Ind Co Ltd 釉薬及び施釉物品
US5571455A (en) * 1989-08-31 1996-11-05 Dai Nippon Insatsu Kabushiki Kaisha Composition for forming electroconductive pattern and process for producing the same
DE4111711C1 (en) * 1991-04-10 1993-02-04 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De Metallising ceramic for fuel cells - includes firing mixt. into ceramic surface of glass forming and non-oxidising metallic components
DE4337648A1 (de) * 1993-11-04 1995-05-11 Cerdec Ag Keramische Farbdekore sowie Mittel und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
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EP2014629A2 (de) 2007-06-22 2009-01-14 Colorobbia Italia S.p.a. Materialien zur Beschichtung keramischer Körper, Herstellung und Verwendung davon und diese enthaltender keramische Körper
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