WO2006120739A1 - 半導体装置とその製造方法 - Google Patents
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- WO2006120739A1 WO2006120739A1 PCT/JP2005/008642 JP2005008642W WO2006120739A1 WO 2006120739 A1 WO2006120739 A1 WO 2006120739A1 JP 2005008642 W JP2005008642 W JP 2005008642W WO 2006120739 A1 WO2006120739 A1 WO 2006120739A1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 229910005883 NiSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/482—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of lead-in layers inseparably applied to the semiconductor body
- H01L23/485—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of lead-in layers inseparably applied to the semiconductor body consisting of layered constructions comprising conductive layers and insulating layers, e.g. planar contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/0203—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits
- H01L27/0207—Geometrical layout of the components, e.g. computer aided design; custom LSI, semi-custom LSI, standard cell technique
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
- H10B10/00—Static random access memory [SRAM] devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
- H10B10/00—Static random access memory [SRAM] devices
- H10B10/12—Static random access memory [SRAM] devices comprising a MOSFET load element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same.
- SRAM Static Random Access Memory
- SRAM Static Random Access Memory
- FIG. 1 shows the equivalent circuit of one cell of the 6-transistor SRAM.
- this type of SRAM includes transfer transistors TR 1 and TR and driver transistors TR 1 and TR, both of which are n-type MOS transistors.
- this type of SRAM includes transfer transistors TR 1 and TR and driver transistors TR 1 and TR, both of which are n-type MOS transistors.
- two load transistors TR which are p-type MOS transistors
- Connect TR as shown to drive between power supply voltage VDD and ground potential GND.
- One SRAM cell is configured.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of this SRAM.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram in which the above-described gate electrode 2 and conductive plug 3 are omitted, and the planar layout of the active regions 4 and 5 is easily seen.
- the n-type MOS transistor active region 4 is defined by the first opening 6 a of the element isolation insulating film 6 formed in the silicon substrate 1.
- the p-type MOS transistor active region 5 is defined by the second opening 6 b of the element isolation insulating film 6.
- FIG. 3 A variety of planar layouts of active regions 4 and 5 have been devised.
- the active region 4 for an n-type MOS transistor slides in common to a plurality of cells.
- This type of SRAM is called striped SRAM, and it was a type that was widely adopted in the early days when the SRAM was on the market. In recent years, it was rather unsuitable for high integration. The type is known to be advantageous for high integration, and it is attracting attention again.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of an SRAM called a bent type, and the elements described in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram in which the gate electrode 2 of FIG. 4 is omitted, and the planar layout of the active regions 4 and 5 is easily seen.
- Such a bent SRAM is also disclosed in FIG.
- the thermal diffusion coefficient of impurities introduced into the active region 4 of the silicon substrate 1 increases, so that, for example, an n-type impurity for an n-type source Z-drain region is increased.
- the above n-type impurities diffuse more than when there is no stress.
- the source is formed under the gate electrode 2.
- the distance between the D1 Z drain regions is shortened. If this happens, even if the driver transistor TR is off and in standby mode As a result, a leakage current called subthreshold leakage flows between the source and drain, and the power consumption of the driver transistor TR in the standby state increases.
- the length of the active region 4 for the n-type MOS transistor is shorter than that of the stripe type described above, so at first glance, stress is applied to the silicon substrate 1. Looks difficult.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the load transistor TR and corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I in FIG.
- the transistor TR is connected to the silicon substrate 1 on both sides of the gate electrode 2.
- a source Z drain region 8 is provided, and a refractory metal silicide layer 14 is formed on the surface layer portion of the source Z drain region 8. Then, the silicon nitride film 12 and the silicon oxide film 10 are sequentially formed so as to cover the gate electrode 2, and the interlayer insulating film 13 is constituted by these.
- the interlayer insulating film 13 has a contact hole 13a on the source / drain region 8, and a conductive plug 3 electrically connected to the source Z / drain region 8 is formed in the contact hole 13a. It is formed.
- the contact hole 13a is a force formed by patterning the interlayer insulating film 13 by photolithography. A resist pattern that serves as an etching mask in the photolithography is accurately aligned with the silicon substrate 1. In this case, the contact hole 13a is positioned on the source Z drain region 8 as designed.
- the contact hole 13a is part of the source as shown in the dotted circle in FIG. It is separated from the Z drain region 8 and overlaps with the element isolation insulating film 6. Since the contact hole 13a is usually formed by etching deeper than its depth in order to prevent the contact hole 13a from becoming unopened, the contact hole 13a is formed by the above etching when it overlaps with the element isolation insulating film 6. The lower element isolation insulating film 6 is also removed.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view when a large misalignment occurs in the resist pattern 15 used in LDD ion implantation by the method of Patent Document 2.
- the resist pattern 15 has a window 15a formed therein.
- the window 15a originally introduces impurities into the boundary between the active region 3 and the element isolation insulating film 6. It is for the purpose.
- the window 15a is greatly displaced toward the element isolation insulating film 6, and impurities cannot be introduced into the active region 3 through the window 15a. Therefore, in the method proposed in Patent Document 2, when a large misalignment occurs in the resist pattern 15, the leakage current under the contact hole 13a cannot be reduced.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-179166
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-332634
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-173073
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-43441
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-353340
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device capable of reducing a leakage current as compared with the conventional one and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a semiconductor substrate an element isolation insulating film that divides the active region of the semiconductor substrate into a plurality, and a gate formed on the active region via a gate insulating film Formed on the active region on both sides of the electrode and the gate electrode and together with the gate electrode and constituting the MOS transistor of the SRAM memory cell, and on each of the active region and the element isolation insulating film
- An interlayer insulating film formed on the interlayer insulating film, two adjacent active regions formed in the interlayer insulating film, and a hole overlapping the element isolation insulating film between the two active regions in common, And a conductive plug that electrically connects the two active regions.
- the active region of the SRAM memory cell is divided into a plurality of parts by the element isolation insulating film, the length of each active region is shortened, and the element isolation insulating film and the semiconductor substrate are reduced.
- the stress applied to the semiconductor substrate in the active region due to the difference in stress from the plate is relaxed. Therefore, an increase in the diffusion coefficient of impurities in the semiconductor substrate due to this stress can be suppressed, and the impurities introduced into the source / drain regions of the MOS transistor can be prevented from greatly diffusing due to heat.
- the source Z drain regions can be prevented from approaching each other more than necessary under the gate electrode, and the subthreshold leakage current of the MOS transistor in the off state can be reduced.
- the active regions thus divided are electrically connected to the active regions by conductive plugs formed on the element isolation insulating film.
- the lower end of the conductive plug directly contacts the semiconductor substrate by forming the above-mentioned source Z drain region deeper than the depth at which part of the lower end of the conductive plug digs into the element isolation insulating film. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a leak path from the conductive plug to the semiconductor substrate.
- the peak depth of the impurity concentration in the channel region of the MOS transistor is made shallower than 0.015 ⁇ m, the position where the impurities in the source Z drain region and the channel region are compensated deepens.
- the junction depth of the Z drain region can be easily increased.
- a semiconductor substrate having an active region, a gate electrode formed on the active region via a gate insulating film, and a front surface on both sides of the gate electrode.
- a source Z drain region that forms a MOS transistor of the SRAM memory cell in cooperation with the gate electrode, and the gate is located on the side of the source Z drain region that functions as a source.
- an element isolation insulating film is formed on a semiconductor substrate, and an active region of the semiconductor substrate is divided into a plurality of parts by the element isolation insulating film; Injecting a first impurity into a semiconductor substrate in the region to form a channel region; Forming a gate electrode through a gate insulating film on a semiconductor substrate in a conductive region, and implanting a second impurity into the silicon substrate on both sides of the gate electrode to form a source / drain region, A step of forming a MOS transistor of an SRAM memory cell with the Z drain region and the gate electrode, a step of forming an interlayer insulating film on the element isolation insulating film and the source Z drain region, Forming a hole in the interlayer insulating film that overlaps the active region and the element isolation insulating film between the two active regions, and a conductive plug that electrically connects the two active regions;
- the active region of the semiconductor substrate is divided into a plurality by the element isolation insulating film, and the length per active region is shortened, so that the stress received by the semiconductor substrate in the active region is reduced.
- the diffusion coefficient of impurities in the semiconductor substrate due to the stress can be prevented from increasing.
- the impurities are diffused greatly and the two source Z under the gate electrode are diffused.
- the drain regions can be prevented from approaching each other, and the leakage current between the source Z and the drain can be realized more than before.
- FIGS. 8 to 21 are cross-sectional views in the course of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device is a stripe type SRAM.
- FIGS. 8 to 21 the cross section of the nth cell and the next n + 1 cell is shown, and the n-type MOS transistor formation region in each cell is shown.
- a and p-type MOS transistor formation region B are drawn separately.
- 22 to 25 are plan views thereof.
- a silicon oxide film is formed in the element isolation trench 20a by a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method.
- the element isolation trench 20a is completely filled with a silicon film.
- an excess silicon oxide film on the semiconductor substrate 1 is formed by a CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) method.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- polishing and removing the silicon oxide film is left as the element isolation insulating film 21 in the element isolation trench 20a.
- Such an element isolation structure is also called STI (Shallow Trench Isolation).
- the element isolation structure in the present invention is not limited to STI, and LOCOS (Local Oxidation of Silicon) may be adopted.
- the exposed surface of the silicon substrate 1 is thermally oxidized to form a thermal oxide film having a thickness of, for example, about 10 and used as the sacrificial insulating film 26.
- boron (B) is ion-implanted as a p-type impurity into the silicon substrate 20 in the n-type MOS transistor formation region A to form a p-well 22.
- a calovelocity energy of about 250 350 keV for example, a calovelocity energy of about 250 350 keV, a dose amount of about 1 ⁇ 10 13 5 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 , and a tilt angle of 0 ° are employed.
- the sacrificial insulating film 26 is used as a through film, for example, a high speed energy of about 550 750 keV and a dose amount of about 1 X 10.
- Phosphorus (P) is ion-implanted to form n-well 23 under the conditions of 13 5 X 10 13 cm- 2 and a tilt angle of 0 °.
- n-type impurities and p-type impurities are divided using a resist pattern (not shown).
- FIG. 22 shows a planar layout of the element isolation insulating film 21 formed as described above.
- FIG. 8 the cross-sectional view of the n-type MOS transistor formation region A is shown in FIG. 8
- a cross-sectional view of the p-type MOS transistor formation region B corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along the line ⁇ - ⁇ .
- the sacrificial insulating film 26 is omitted.
- a portion of the silicon substrate 1 where the element isolation insulating film 21 is not formed includes an n-type active region C for an n-type MOS transistor and a p-type active region C and an n P for a p-type MOS transistor.
- the n-type active region C is divided into a plurality of parts by the element isolation insulating film 21 in the portion indicated by the dotted circle K, and the n-type n 1 active region C force is applied in the longitudinal direction D of the region C. They are arranged in stripes in rows.
- the sacrificial insulating film 26 is used as a through film while n P-type impurity ions are implanted into the silicon substrate 20 in the MOS transistor formation region A A channel region 24 is formed.
- the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration of the p-type channel region 24 is preferably formed as shallow as possible to the surface force of the silicon substrate 20, for example, at a position where the surface force is also shallower than about 0.015 m.
- the probability of collision with silicon atoms during ion implantation is small compared to BF.
- some of the implanted boron atoms are implanted deeper into the silicon substrate 20 than other atoms.
- Such boron atoms act to lengthen the tail portion (channeling) of the boron concentration profile, and therefore prevent boron from being selectively introduced only into the surface layer portion of the silicon substrate 20.
- ions may be implanted through the sacrificial insulating film 26 as described above, and ions may be scattered within the amorphous sacrificial insulating film 26 to reduce ion directivity. The degree can be prevented.
- BF having a larger atomic size and heavier mass than boron as the p-type impurity.
- the above-described channel can be reduced, and ions can be selectively implanted only into the surface layer portion of the silicon substrate 20.
- the ion implantation conditions in the case of adopting BF are not particularly limited, for example,
- the acceleration energy is about 5 to 40 keV
- the dose amount is about 8 ⁇ 10 12 to 3 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2
- the tilt angle is not particularly problematic, and when boron is adopted as the p-type impurity, for example, acceleration energy of about 5 to 30 keV, dose amount of about 8 X 10 12 to 3 X 10 13 cm- 2 , and tilt An angle of 7 ° can be used.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view after this process is completed, and the cross-sectional view of the n-type MOS transistor formation region A in FIG. 9 corresponds to the cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG.
- the cross-sectional view of the p-type MOS transistor formation region B corresponds to the cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG.
- the sacrificial insulating film 26 is omitted.
- the conditions for this ion implantation are not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, an acceleration energy of about 30 to 60 keV, a dose of about 5 ⁇ 10 12 to 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 , and a tilt angle of 7 ° are employed.
- an acceleration energy of about 30 to 60 keV, a dose of about 5 ⁇ 10 12 to 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 , and a tilt angle of 7 ° are employed.
- phosphorus (P) may be ion implanted.
- the n-type channel region 25 is formed to be shallower than the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration, for example, less than about 0.015 m.
- FIG. 24 The plan view after this process is as shown in FIG. 24, and the cross-sectional view of the n-type MOS transistor formation region A in FIG. 10 corresponds to the cross-sectional view along the line VI-VI in FIG.
- the sectional view of the p-type MOS transistor formation region B corresponds to the sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG.
- the sacrificial insulating film 26 is omitted.
- the sacrificial insulating film 26 damaged by the above ion implantation is removed by wet etching with a hydrofluoric acid solution to expose the clean surface of the silicon substrate 1. Then, the clean surface is thermally oxidized to form a thermal oxide film having a thickness of about 1 to 3 nm, for example, and the thermal oxide film is used as the gate insulating film 27.
- a high dielectric constant insulating film having a dielectric constant higher than that of the thermal oxide film may be formed.
- the high-dielectric-constant insulating film is, for example, a 1-layer film, an HfAlO film, an A10 film, or a film obtained by introducing nitrogen into these films.
- a polysilicon film is formed on the gate insulating film 27 to a thickness of about 100 to 200 nm by the thermal CVD method.
- the conductive film 28 is not limited to a polysilicon film.
- a metal film such as an A1 film, a Ti film, or a W film, or a metal-containing film such as a metal film, a NiSi film, or a CoSi film may be formed as the conductive film 28.
- the conductive film 28 and the gate insulation are formed by photolithography.
- the film 27 is patterned, and the conductive film 28 that remains without being etched is used as a plurality of gate electrodes 28a.
- the gate length of each gate electrode 28a is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, the conductive film 28 is patterned so that the gate length is about 45 to 200 nm.
- n-type impurity arsenic is ion-implanted into the silicon substrate 1 in the region A to form an n-type source Z drain extension 29.
- p-type impurity BF is ion-implanted into the silicon substrate 1 in the p-type MOS transistor formation region B, and a p-type source as shown in the figure is obtained.
- boron is ion-implanted as a p-type impurity into the silicon substrate 20 in the n-type MOS transistor formation region A to form a p-type pocket region 31 beside the gate electrode 28a.
- the ion implantation conditions are, for example, an acceleration energy of about 10 to 35 keV, a dose of about 1 ⁇ 10 13 to 5 ⁇ 10 14 cm ⁇ 2 , and a tilt angle of 0 °.
- an n-type impurity for example, phosphorus is ion-implanted into the silicon substrate 20 next to the gate electrode 28a in the p-type MOS transistor formation region B, and shown next to these gate electrodes.
- N-type pocket region 32 is formed.
- the ion implantation conditions at this time are not particularly limited.
- the acceleration energy is about 10 to 35 keV
- the dose amount is about 1 ⁇ 10 13 to 5 ⁇ X.
- a tilt angle of 0 ° is adopted as the condition.
- the pocket regions 31 and 32 formed in this way suppress the decrease in threshold voltage seen when the gate length of each gate electrode 28a becomes short, and the MOS transistor roll formed later Plays a role in improving off-resistance.
- an acceleration energy of about 5 to 30 keV, a dose amount of about 1 ⁇ 10 15 to 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 2 and a tilt are formed on the silicon substrate 20 in the n-type MOS transistor formation region A using the gate electrode 28a as a mask.
- phosphorus is ion-implanted as an n-type impurity, and an n-type source Z drain region 36 is formed.
- arsenic may be employed as the n-type impurity instead of phosphorus.
- the dose and tilt angle remain the same as above, and the acceleration energy is set to about 5-40 keV.
- boron of p-type impurities is ion-implanted into the silicon substrate 20 in the p-type MOS transistor formation region B, and the p-type source Z is placed beside the gate electrode 28a in the region B A drain region 37 is formed.
- acceleration energy of about 5 to 20 keV, a dose amount of about 1 ⁇ 10 15 to 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 2 , and a tilt angle of 0 ° are adopted as conditions for this ion implantation.
- BF may be used in place of the above boron.
- the acceleration energy is about 5 to 30 keV.
- n-type impurities and p-type impurities in the above-described ion implantation are divided using a resist pattern (not shown), and the resist pattern is removed after the ion implantation is completed.
- RTA Rapid Thermal Anneal
- a cobalt (Co) film is formed as a refractory metal film on the entire upper surface of the silicon substrate 20 by a sputtering method.
- the refractory metal film includes a nickel (Ni) film and a gallium-zum (Zr) film.
- the refractory metal film is heat-treated to react with silicon, and a refractory metal silicide layer 38 is formed on the surface layer portion of the silicon substrate 20.
- the refractory metal silicide layer 38 is also formed on the upper surface of the gate electrode 28a made of polysilicon, whereby the resistance of each gate electrode 28a is reduced.
- the unmelted high-melting point metal film on the element isolation insulating film 21 and the like is removed by wet etching.
- the entire upper surface of the silicon substrate 20 is nitrided by a low pressure CVD method.
- the silicon (SiN) film 40 is formed to a thickness of about 30 mm, an oxide silicon film 41 is further formed thereon to a thickness of about 400 nm by a thermal CVD method.
- the silicon film 41 and the interlayer insulating film 42 are used.
- hole-shaped first and second windows 39a and 39b are provided on the source / drain regions 36 and 37, respectively.
- a third resist pattern 39 is formed.
- a mixed gas of CHF, Ar, and 0 is used as an etching gas.
- the silicon oxide film 41 is selectively etched through the first and second windows 39a and 39b by RIE (Reactive Ion Etching), and the first and second holes 42a are formed on the source / drain regions 36 and 37, respectively. 42b is formed.
- RIE Reactive Ion Etching
- the first hole 42a is formed in the n-type MOS transistor formation region A, and is shared by two adjacent n-type active regions C and the element isolation insulating film 21 between them. They are formed to overlap.
- the silicon nitride film 40 functions as a stopper film for the etching. Etching automatically stops on the upper surface of the silicon nitride film 40.
- the etching gas is changed to a mixed gas of C F, Ar, and 0, and the first and second holes 42
- the silicon nitride film 40 under a and 42b is selectively etched and opened to expose the refractory silicide layer 38 in the holes 42a and 42b.
- the high melting point silicide layer 38 functions as an etching stopper.
- a titanium nitride ( ⁇ ) film as a barrier metal film is formed to a thickness of about 20 by thermal CVD.
- a tungsten (W) film is formed on the barrier metal film by a thermal CVD method using tungsten hexafluoride gas as a reaction gas, and the tungsten film completely forms the first and second holes 42a and 42b. Embed.
- excess NORA metal film and tungsten film formed on the interlayer insulating film 41 are removed by polishing by CMP method, and these films are removed only in the first and second holes 42a and 42b. leave.
- the barrier metal film and the tungsten film left in the first hole 42a in this way constitute the first conductive plug 47a, and the adjacent n-type active region C is formed by the first conductive plug 47a. They are electrically connected to each other.
- these films left in the second hole 42b constitute the second conductive plug 47b, and the refractory metal silicide layer in the n-type MOS transistor formation region A and the p-type MOS transistor formation region B. Electrically connected to 38.
- a metal laminated film including an aluminum film is formed on the first and second conductive plugs 47a and 47b and the interlayer insulating film 41 by sputtering, and the metal laminated film is patterned by photolithography.
- Metal wiring 49 is formed on the first and second conductive plugs 47a and 47b and the interlayer insulating film 41 by sputtering, and the metal laminated film is patterned by photolithography.
- FIG. 25 is a plan view after this process is completed. However, in the same figure, in order to prevent the figure from becoming complicated, the interlayer insulating film 42 and the metal wiring 49 are omitted.
- the cross-sectional view of the n-type MOS transistor formation region A corresponds to the cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 25, and the cross-sectional view of the p-type MOS transistor formation region B is shown in FIG. This corresponds to the cross-sectional view along the IX-IX line.
- the D2 source Z drain region 36 is divided by the element isolation insulating film 21 as described above, and the source / drain regions 36 are electrically connected to each other by the first conductive plug 47a. Further, in the same manner, the source of the transfer transistor TR, TR of the adjacent cell
- the Tl T2 source / drain regions 36 are also electrically connected by the first conductive plug 47a.
- the third conductive plug 47c is formed on the end portion of the gate electrode 28a by the same process as the first and second conductive plugs 47a and 47b described above.
- the metal wiring 49 and the gate electrode 28a are electrically connected through the third conductive plug 47c.
- the n-type active region C is divided into a plurality by the element isolation insulating film 21, and the length L per one of the active regions C is shortened. I did it. According to this, the stress applied to the silicon substrate 20 in the active region C due to the difference in stress between the element isolation insulating film 21 and the silicon substrate 20 can be reduced, and the silicon substrate 20 in the active region C can be stressed. Even if it is attempted to move in the longitudinal direction of the region C, the movement can be stopped by the element isolation insulating film 21.
- the two adjacent active regions C divided by the element isolation insulating film 21 as described above are electrically connected to each other by the first conductive plug 47a.
- the first hole 42a in which the first conductive plug 47a is embedded is formed on the element isolation insulating film 21 between the two active regions C, the first hole 42a is formed in the step of FIG.
- the element isolation film 21 below the first hole 42a is also etched to some extent.
- the lower end of the first conductive plug 47a bites into the element isolation insulating film 21.
- a leak path from the first conductive plug 47a to the silicon substrate 20 may be formed as described with reference to FIG.
- the p-type channel is When the region 24 was formed, the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration of the p-type channel region 24 was as shallow as possible.
- FIG. 26 shows the impurity concentration profiles of the p-type channel region 24 and the n-type source Z-drain region 36 formed so that the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration is not more than 0.015 m.
- the junction depth of the n-type source Z-drain region 36 is the depth compensated by the respective impurities in the source Z-drain region 36 and the p-type channel region 24, that is, the impurity concentration in these regions 36 and 24. This is the depth of the intersection of the profiles.
- the impurity concentration of the p-type channel region is relatively high even in the surface force depth of the silicon substrate. For this reason, the concentration profiles of the p-type channel region and n-type source Z drain region 36 intersect at an extremely shallow depth of about 0.1 m, and the junction depth J1 of the n-type source Z drain region 36 is about 0.1. m and shallower.
- the impurity concentration peak depth Rp of the p-type channel region 24 is as shallow as 0.015 m from the surface of the silicon substrate 20, the p-type channel region 24 and n It is possible to move the intersection of each concentration profile of the type source Z drain region 36 to a deeper part than the comparative example, and J2 (about 0.16) deeper than the bite depth D of the first conductive plug 47a.
- n-type source Z drain region 36 pn junction can be formed to a depth of ⁇ m
- the over-etching is performed in comparison with the film thickness of the interlayer insulating film 42. Even if the first hole 42a is formed at the same time and the element isolation insulating film 21 under the first hole 42a is etched, the lower end of the first conductive plug 47a can be made shallower than the n-type source / drain region 36. Become.
- the MOS transistor in standby It is possible to reduce the extra power consumption that occurs in the above leakage path of the transistor, and to provide a mopile device that can reduce the current consumption of SRAM compared to the past and can withstand long-term use. become.
- the first resist pattern 18 serving as a mask for forming the p-type channel region 24 by ion implantation exposes all of the divided n-type active region C as shown in FIG. High accuracy is not required for alignment with the silicon substrate 20 as long as it is formed. Therefore, compared to the case where the resist pattern 15 is formed so that the window 15a overlaps the boundary portion between the element isolation insulating film 6 and the active region 3 as in the method of Patent Document 2 described in FIG. Since the risk that the p-type impurity is not implanted into the substrate 20 can be reduced, the leakage current can be reliably suppressed.
- the n-type active region C is divided by the element isolation insulating film 21 at the portion between the adjacent cells. It is not limited to.
- FIG. 27 is a plan view showing another method of dividing the n-type active region C in the stripe SRAM.
- the same elements as those in FIG. 22 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
- the n-type active region C is divided in one cell as shown by a dotted circle B in FIG.
- FIG. 28 shows the six transistors TR that constitute the SRAM by forming the above-described first to third gate electrodes 28a to 28c on the n-type active region C divided in this way. , TR
- TR, TR, TR are plan views when formed.
- the source / drain regions 36 of the adjacent driver transistor TR and transfer TR in one cell are electrically connected by the first conductive plug 47a.
- the D2 T2 Z drain regions 36 are also electrically connected to each other by the first conductive plug 47a.
- the n-type active region C is divided into a plurality of stripe-type SRAMs, and stress applied to the silicon substrate 20 in the n-type active region C is alleviated.
- the active regions C and C of the bent type SRAM are divided into a plurality of parts.
- bent SRAM Since the manufacturing method of the bent SRAM is the same as that of the stripe SRAM described in the first embodiment, only the plan view is shown below, and the manufacturing method is omitted.
- Figure 29 shows the planar layout of the active regions C and C of the bent SRAM according to the first example.
- the gate electrode 28a and the like are formed on the active regions C and C, and the above-described transistors are formed.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view when transistors TR 1, TR 2, TR 3, TR 4, TR 3 and TR 4 are formed.
- the n-type active region C of the transistor ⁇ transistor TR and transfer transistor TR in one cell is the element isolation insulating film.
- the Dl T1 Z drain regions 36 are electrically connected to each other by the first conductive plug 47a. Also, as indicated by the dotted circle C2, the other pair of driver transistor TR and transfer transistor TR
- n-type source / drain regions 36 are electrically connected to each other by the first conductive plug 47a.
- the plurality of n-type active regions C divided as described above are arranged so that the longitudinal directions D and D of the two regions C thereof are orthogonal to each other.
- Figure 31 shows the planar layout of the active regions C and C of the bent SRAM according to the second example.
- a gate electrode 28a and the like are formed on the active regions C and C to form a trench.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view when the transistors TR 1, TR 2, TR 3, TR 4, TR 3, and TR 4 are formed.
- the n-type active region C is divided by the element isolation insulating film 21 between adjacent cells, as indicated by the dotted circle Dl in FIGS. 31 and 32. And as shown in Figure 32, N-type source of each transfer transistor TR in adjacent cell
- the n-type source / drain regions 36 are electrically connected by the first conductive plug 47a.
- the divided source Z drain region 36 is arranged so as to be bent at a portion indicated by a dotted circle M in FIG.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a planar layout of the active regions C and C of the bent type SRAM according to the third example.
- the gate electrode 28a and the like are formed on the active regions C and C to configure the SRAM.
- the p-type active region C is divided by the element isolation insulating film 21 between adjacent cells. And split p-type activity
- the first conductive plugs 47 between the source / drain regions 36 of the gate transistors TR and TR are connected to each other.
- the divided p-type active region C is the same as the n-type active region C in the second example.
- the inventor of the present application actually investigated how much the leakage current is reduced in the SRAM described in the first and second embodiments. The results of the investigation are described below.
- each of the conventional stripe-type SRAM see FIG. 2
- the first stripe-type SRAM of the first embodiment see FIG. 25
- the second stripe-type SRAM of the first embodiment see FIG. 28
- the standby leakage current was actually measured during standby, that is, when all the transistors constituting one cell were off.
- the measurement results are shown in Fig. 35.
- 1 million cells were integrated on a silicon substrate, and the leakage current of the whole cell was investigated.
- the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 35 represents the ratio of leakage current between the conventional example and the first embodiment.
- the leakage current is reduced by about 65% for SRAM and about 67% for the second stripe SRAM.
- FIG. 36 shows a conventional bent type SRAM (see FIG. 4) and a bent type SRAM (see FIGS. 30, 32, and 34) according to the first to third examples of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 36 is a graph obtained by investigating leakage current in the same manner as in FIG. Note that the vertical axis in FIG. 36 represents the ratio of the leakage current between the conventional example and the first to third examples of the second embodiment.
- the bent type SRAM of the first example of the second embodiment is about 62%
- the second example is about 65%
- the third example is about 22%.
- Leakage current is reduced by%.
- the bent-type SRAM of the third example has a leakage current reduction rate S smaller than those of the first and second examples. This is because, in the third example (see FIG. 34), the active region C of the p-type MOS transistor, whose leak current is small compared to the n-type MOS transistor, is divided, and then the p-type MOS transistor is further divided.
- the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration of the p-type channel region 24 is shallowed to 0.015 / zm or less, so that the first conductive plug 47a escapes to the silicon substrate 20.
- the extent to which the leakage current (substrate leakage current) was reduced was investigated. The results are shown in Figs. In this survey, 1 million cells were formed on a silicon substrate, and the substrate leakage current of the entire cell was investigated.
- FIG. 37 is a graph obtained by examining the substrate leakage currents of the conventional stripe SRAM (see FIG. 2) and the first stripe SRAM of the first embodiment (see FIG. 25). is there. Among them, in the conventional stripe type SRAM, the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration in the channel region is set to 0.5 m deeper than that of the first embodiment.
- the substrate leakage current is reduced by about 70% compared to the conventional example, and the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration of the p-type channel region 24 is set to 0. It can be understood that shallowing to 015 m or less is extremely effective in reducing the substrate leakage current.
- FIG. 38 is obtained by investigating the substrate leakage currents of the conventional bent type SRAM (see FIG. 4) and the bent type SRAM according to the first example of the second embodiment (see FIG. 30). It is a graph.
- the peak depth Rp of the impurity concentration in the p-type channel region of the bent type SRAM of the second embodiment is set to 0.015 m, which is 0.5 ⁇ m in the conventional example. 7
- the active regions C and C of the transistors constituting the SRAM are set.
- the standby leak current is reduced by adopting a configuration different from this.
- FIG. 39 is a plan view of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the same elements as those of the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the embodiments, and the description thereof is omitted below.
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is a bent SRAM.
- the source Z drain region 36 of the driver transistors TR and TR is a bent SRAM.
- the gate electrode 28a is shifted to the side X of the region functioning as the source.
- the length of the source Z drain region 36 functioning as a source in the gate length direction L force as the drain
- FIG. 40 is a diagram drawn based on such an SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) image of SRAM.
- the inventor of the present application shifts the gate electrode 28a to the source side X as described above.
- IS is a subthreshold leakage current flowing between the source and drain
- GIDL is an abbreviation for Gate Induced Drain Leakage, and is a leakage current flowing from the drain to the silicon substrate 20.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 41 represents the leakage current per driver transistor.
- FIG. 41 shows the lengths L and L of the source and drain described above.
- the load transistors TR and TR can also reduce the leakage current.
- a conductive plug formed in the hole and electrically connecting the two active regions
- a semiconductor device comprising:
- Appendix 3 The semiconductor device as set forth in appendix 1, characterized in that at least two of the active regions divided into a plurality are orthogonal in the longitudinal direction.
- Appendix 4 The semiconductor device according to Appendix 1, wherein at least one of the active regions divided into a plurality is bent.
- a plurality of the MOS transistors are formed, at least two of the plurality of MOS transistors are driver transistors, and the active regions of two adjacent driver transistors are connected to the conductive plug.
- a plurality of the MOS transistors are formed, and at least two of the plurality of MOS transistors are a driver transistor and a transfer transistor, and the active regions of the adjacent driver transistor and transfer transistor are adjacent to each other.
- Appendix 7 A plurality of the MOS transistors are formed, at least one of the plurality of MOS transistors is a load transistor, and the active regions of the load transistors of adjacent cells are connected to the conductive plug.
- Item 8 The semiconductor device according to appendix 8, wherein the semiconductor device is shallower than 015 m.
- Appendix 10 A semiconductor substrate having an active region;
- SRAM Static Random Access Memory
- the length of the region in the gate length direction is changed to the gate length of the region of the source Z drain region that functions as the drain.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:
- Appendix 12 The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Appendix 11, further comprising the step of annealing the semiconductor substrate and activating the second impurity after forming the source Z drain region.
- Method. (Supplementary note 13) The supplementary note 11, wherein a channel region is formed on the silicon substrate in the active region so that a peak depth of an impurity concentration is shallower than 0.015 m. Semiconductor device manufacturing method.
- FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit of a 6-transistor SRAM.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a stripe SRAM according to a conventional example.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view in which the gate electrode and the conductive plug of FIG. 2 are omitted.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of a conventional bent type SRAM.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view in which the gate electrode of FIG. 4 is omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a problem in the method of Patent Document 2.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture (Part 1).
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view (part 2) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view (No. 3) in the middle of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view (part 4) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention during manufacturing.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view (part 5) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention during manufacturing.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view (No. 6) in the middle of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view (No. 7) in the middle of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view (part 8) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture. 9).
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view (part 10) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention which is being manufactured.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view (part 11) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention which is being manufactured.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view (part 12) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view (part 13) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention which is being manufactured.
- FIG. 21 is a sectional view (No. 14) in the middle of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a plan view (part 1) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view (part 2) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture.
- FIG. 24 is a plan view (part 3) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture.
- FIG. 25 is a plan view (part 4) of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the middle of manufacture.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing impurity concentration profiles of the p-type channel region and the n-type source Z drain region in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a plan view showing another way of dividing the n-type active region in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a plan view when a gate electrode is formed on the n-type active region in FIG. 27.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a planar layout of an active region of a semiconductor device (first example) according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a plan view when a gate electrode is formed on the active region of FIG. 29. 31]
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a planar layout of the active region of the semiconductor device (second example) according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is a plan view when a gate electrode is formed on the active region of FIG. 31.
- FIG. 33 is a view showing a planar layout of an active region of a semiconductor device (third example) according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is a plan view when a gate electrode is formed on the active region of FIG. 33.
- FIG. 35 is a graph obtained by investigating the standby leakage current in each of the semiconductor devices of the conventional example and the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 36 is a graph obtained by investigating the standby leakage current in each of the semiconductor devices of the conventional example and the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a graph obtained by examining the substrate leakage current in each of the semiconductor devices of the conventional example and the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is a graph obtained by examining the substrate leakage current in each of the semiconductor devices of the conventional example and the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a plan view of a semiconductor device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 40 is a view drawn based on an SEM image of a semiconductor device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 41 is a graph obtained by investigating the leakage currents of the semiconductor devices of the conventional example and the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
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Abstract
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JP2000124332A (ja) * | 1998-10-15 | 2000-04-28 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法及び半導体装置 |
JP2001035938A (ja) * | 1999-05-14 | 2001-02-09 | Sony Corp | 半導体記憶装置およびその製造方法 |
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JP4885365B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-16 | 2012-02-29 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP4477197B2 (ja) | 2000-05-18 | 2010-06-09 | Necエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
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