WO2006117173A2 - Installation et procede de production de produits en beton - Google Patents

Installation et procede de production de produits en beton Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006117173A2
WO2006117173A2 PCT/EP2006/004058 EP2006004058W WO2006117173A2 WO 2006117173 A2 WO2006117173 A2 WO 2006117173A2 EP 2006004058 W EP2006004058 W EP 2006004058W WO 2006117173 A2 WO2006117173 A2 WO 2006117173A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibration
mold frame
concrete
plant
drive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/004058
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006117173A3 (fr
Inventor
Harald Winkler
Original Assignee
Harald Winkler
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harald Winkler filed Critical Harald Winkler
Publication of WO2006117173A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006117173A2/fr
Publication of WO2006117173A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006117173A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/081—Vibration-absorbing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations
    • B28B15/005—Machines using pallets co-operating with a bottomless mould; Feeding or discharging means for pallets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
    • B28B17/0081—Process control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
    • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
    • B30B15/304—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses by using feed frames or shoes with relative movement with regard to the mould or moulds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for the production of concrete products according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the production of concrete products according to the preamble of claim 15.
  • Such stone production plants which are also called pallet pavers, are well known. They are widely used in large-scale industrial production of concrete products such as e.g. for composite pavement, curbs and the like more.
  • For the production of the concrete product is basically a mold forming the shape of the mold, which usually forms a plurality of mold cavities and is open both downwards and upwards, provided on a production pallet.
  • the lower opening of the mold frame is closed by the production pallet so that concrete can be poured into the mold frame from above.
  • the concrete to be produced should assume the shape given by the mold frame and, after removal of the mold frame, can in principle remain on the production pallet for curing, whereby the mold frame can be used immediately for molding the next concrete product. As a result, a large-scale production can be achieved.
  • the production pallet is raised together with the filled frame by a vertical upward impact of the vibrating table and falls by gravity back down to receive the next vertical upward stroke of the vibrating table.
  • at least part of the filling process takes place while the vibrating table is in motion, with a filling carriage with the portioned amount of concrete moving over the mold frame in order to distribute the concrete evenly.
  • the disadvantage here is that a large part of the vibrating power is lost unused.
  • the beating of the baffle compacting system leads to an immense noise, so that the operation of such a system regularly requires a special permit.
  • the bounce blows cause high wear of the system, which is partly countered by the use of solid cast steel frame, which additionally boosts the power requirement for the bounce blow compression.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the problems mentioned, in particular to increase the utilization of the compaction energy, to improve the product quality as much as possible, to increase the filling accuracy of the mold frame and / or to reduce the noise level of the system.
  • the mold frame which usually forms one or more mold cavities for molding the product, can thus be connected to the vibrating table so firmly that vibrations of the vibrating table are transmitted to the mold frame in such a way that the mold frame performs substantially the same vibratory movements as the vibrating table.
  • the vibration table and the frame vibrate harmoniously with each other.
  • the vibration-transmitting connection achieves a low-loss transmission of the vibration from the vibration table to the mold frame and thus to the product, so that the applied vibration power is essentially available as compaction power.
  • the vibration table is preferably mounted via decoupling bearings for vibration-decoupling bearing relative to the environment.
  • Such storage takes place in particular via air cushion bearings or other gas cushion bearings, which are usually arranged between the vibration table and a machine frame. This ensures that vibrations of the vibration table are not or only slightly forwarded to the frame, the foundation and finally to the environment.
  • the loss of vibration performance by delivery to the environment is substantially reduced, which is additionally achieved that a large part of the vibration power is available as compaction performance.
  • an environmental load is prevented by unwanted vibrations.
  • a forming punch and / or a Auflastrahmen for a forming die for closing the mold frame and / or pressing of the product is provided.
  • Such a forming die is adapted to the dimensions of the mold frame used and secured in operation below the Auflastrah- mens.
  • the forming punch penetrates into the mold frame when the compression is carried out from above, initially closing the openings - A -
  • the mold cavity and exerts at least by its own weight pressure on the filled concrete mass and thereby supports the compression.
  • the die also shapes a side of the product.
  • the system is characterized by a mold frame drive for moving the mold frame and / or the forming punch, and / or for clamping the mold frame and / or the forming punch with the vibrating table.
  • a frame drive can be designed, for example, as a hydraulic drive with a substantially vertical axis of movement.
  • the mold frame is raised and lowered by the mold frame drive, the drive unit also serving as a guide.
  • the frame drive presses the mold frame simultaneously on the production pallet and thus on the vibration table, whereby a tension between the vibrating table and mold frame is achieved.
  • the frame drive is firmly connected to the vibrating table. By lifting the mold frame, the forming punch can be lifted at the same time.
  • a brake for braking the forming punch and / or a holding device for holding the forming punch in a rest position and / or a Auflast considereder be provided for changing the mass of the forming punch.
  • a holding device is designed as arranged on a gallows closure device on which the load container is basically suspended.
  • a brake for the forming die can reduce the falling speed and / or the forming punch can be kept in a desired position when lowering the form punch with Auflast constituer by dropping. By slowing down the falling forming punch, the impact load which in particular acts on the filled product can be reduced.
  • the holding of the molding die in a desired position has the further advantage that when the mold frame is lifted, the forming punch initially remains in its position and thereby pushes out the product from the mold. achieved frame or the mold cavity. Increasing the mass of the ballast can increase the pressure of the forming die on the product during compaction.
  • the filling of concrete in the mold frame is preferably carried out by a filling, which can be pushed over the mold frame, so that concrete falls from the Greschlitten in the mold frame or slips.
  • the filling carriage is preferably formed approximately funnel-shaped and / or has a failure opening, the dimensions of which corresponds approximately to the opening area of the mold frame for filling the concrete. Due to the funnel shape of the Be Schollschlitten can be filled in a simple manner, for example by means of a conveyor belt or concrete bunker.
  • a uniform filling can preferably be favored in that the Be Schollschlitten is overcrowded and thus remains after the complete filling of the filling frame concrete in Guschlitten.
  • the filling carriage has sealing edges for sealing at least one Drschlittenrandes against at least one mold frame edge and / or against a further surface of the system.
  • the fill carriage may be pulled down from the mold frame with a portion of the seal edges smoothly pulling the concrete surface at the mold frame opening.
  • the Golfschlitten of the mold frame usually reaches the Artschlittentisch, against the surface of the Greschlitten is sealed.
  • overfilled concrete is held in the filling sled and is available for the next filling.
  • the method of Greschlittens is preferably carried out by a carriage drive, in particular a hydraulic carriage drive.
  • a carriage drive in particular a hydraulic carriage drive.
  • the one or more hydraulic cylinders act simultaneously as Guide for the carriage movement, so that more guide devices are dispensable.
  • a punch vibration drive for generating a vibration of the forming punch and / or a punch pressing drive for generating a pressing pressure on the forming punch is provided in a favorable embodiment.
  • a Vibrations perennialarret ist is provided for locking the vibration table from the environment.
  • An oscillating, in particular vibration-decoupling, mounting of the vibration table can hereby be bridged in phases outside of the vibration processes in order thereby to achieve a firm footing.
  • the filling opening of the mold frame can thus be adapted, for example, to the adjacent surface of the Gresitten table, thereby ensuring a favorable process of Gresittens to the mold frame and back again. Furthermore, a firm state of the vibrating table for a clean release of the not yet cured product from the mold frame is low.
  • a feed device for feeding production pallets is preferably provided.
  • a feed device is designed, for example, as a toothed belt pair, which leads manufacturing pallets laterally projecting to the vibrating table.
  • a vibrating table is regularly provided with a production table with two rails that hold a production pallet laterally and between which the assembly line can be passed.
  • the position of the stem stem can be detected by at least one position sensor.
  • the system is controlled by a controller, which can take into account, for example, the determined position of the forming die.
  • the controller controls the vibration, the vibration lock, the mold frame drive, the punch die brake, the load bin holder, the fill carriage drive, and / or the production pallet feeder.
  • the method for producing concrete goods is characterized by one or more features of claims 16 to 18.
  • Overfilling the filling carriage avoids underfilling the mold frame. All areas of the mold frame, in particular all mold cavities are completely filled in this case, without the need for a special system control. By scraping excess raw material when retracting the filling carriage is then achieved in a simple manner a uniform filling level.
  • plastic production pallets ie pallets, which are essentially made of plastic
  • the production pallet forms the mold bottom so that one side of the product corresponds to the surface of the production pallet and this page of the product can thus be easily specified.
  • a more accurate surface design of a manufacturing pallet better sealing to the edge of the mold frame and thus a cleaner edge of the product can be achieved.
  • the production pallet and the forming die and lower tolerances between the forming die and the mold frame are possible, so that a higher edge accuracy of the manufacturing process in the upper edges of the product are created.
  • a punch drive is provided for moving the forming punch.
  • a linear drive such as at least one hydraulic cylinder is used here.
  • the drive can be installed between a yoke arranged at the top of a base frame and a loading frame, which carries the forming punch during operation.
  • the system With a corresponding control of the linear drive, the system thus receives the opportunity to fix the forming die in any desired altitude, or insert in any desired altitude in the production program sequence.
  • the desired altitude can vary depending on the height of the mold and corresponding to the punch, so that when low mold and a corresponding punch the startup of the forming punch is avoided in an unnecessarily high altitude.
  • this embodiment allows the insertion of intermediate compression strokes with the forming die in the production program flow. It can therefore be used for a first compaction step with stamp, for example, when compacting a first part of the concrete in the mold, the forming die and then pulled out again.
  • the drive frame men holding the mold, not needed for lifting the die. The drive frame thus does not need to be removed from the mold after an intermediate compression because the forming punch can be pulled out of the mold by the punch drive.
  • the punch drive is advantageously connected by an example pneumatically acting vibration isolation with the yoke or it is arranged between the punch drive and the Auflastrahmen. As a result, a vibration decoupling between the deliberately vibrating plant parts and / or the environment is produced.
  • At least one vibration measuring device is provided.
  • at least one primary vibration measuring device is advantageously provided on the vibration table and at least one secondary vibration measuring device is provided on the forming die or its carrying and guiding device. Since the forming dies are changed for different products, the secondary vibration measuring device is advantageously arranged on the loading frame. This depends on the measurement of the vibrations of the vibration table on the one hand and the forming die on the other hand. Thus, one or more vibration measuring devices could also be provided which need not be arranged on the vibrating parts, for example in the case of an optical measurement.
  • the applied vibration energy can be measured and checked.
  • the vibrations are transmitted directly to the vibration table by the vibration drives.
  • the ratio between the primary and secondary measured vibration thus depends essentially on the degree of coupling of the concrete mass and therefore provides information about the compaction state and possibly other properties of the concrete mass.
  • a length measuring device for measuring a relative movement or position, in particular in the vertical direction between the Auflastrahmen and the drive frame, whereby the relative movement or position between the forming die and the molding box can be measured.
  • an end position sensor is provided in an advantageous embodiment, which reports the maximum end position for reporting the largest possible opening level of the system.
  • this can be used to control safety measures that prevent the punch drive from traveling too high and the displacement sensor can be used to calibrate the length measuring device described above.
  • At least two filling carriages are provided.
  • the Greschlitten are present together with the other parts of the system, which are necessary for concrete filling, in duplicate. These include, for example, in addition to the Greschlitten a lower Gresman, an edge plate, a Gresman including hydraulic piston and corresponding fasteners. Such a second material filling system can be easily arranged on the other side of the system.
  • a programmed and preferably also programmable system control provided.
  • This can create a plant for producing concrete products capable of providing a variety of programs for operating the plant, such as basic programs capable of: 1. to independently create the special production programs geared to the respective product and to optimize them in the current production process;
  • Such a control device advantageously comprises a memory and / or a programming device.
  • the memory for example, in addition to manufacturer-side data, user-input data also stored by the control unit itself by optimization data stored.
  • the stored data such as setting parameters, can be recalled, so that an optimization already carried out does not have to be carried out again.
  • measured values of production cycles of the mold used here and / or the concrete used and / or further boundary conditions are assigned and / or stored. If boundary conditions occur again with changing production cycles, it is possible to resort to known setting values and / or measured values. A reproducibility in recurring production cycles is achieved, but at least favors.
  • setting parameters of a first production cycle for producing a first concrete product are changed, in particular iteratively, depending on the course and / or the result of the first production cycle for the next production cycle and / or correspondingly for further production cycles.
  • a certain amount of raw concrete the value of which is known from experience, can be used. be.
  • the filling level is measured, which has been reduced when compacted by the vibration. If the measured filling level is then too high, the quantity of raw concrete is reduced by a relatively large value for the next pass. After the second passage, a measurement of the filling level is then carried out again.
  • the vibration power can be set from the beginning with a changed, in particular increased, setpoint curve. Accordingly, in the case of a compression that is higher than necessary, the target value can be reduced in the next cycle.
  • a target range is conveniently within a tolerance range that is predetermined for the product. For example, if a stone to be manufactured has a tolerance range for its height that is +/- 5 mm, then a target range of + 1-2 mm could be specified. This ensures that when reaching the target range of +/- 2 mm, a readjustment of the adjustment parameters is no longer performed and thus the control comes to rest. However, if the product height leaves the target area due to external influences, then it is still within the tolerance range of the product. In this case, the control becomes active again and optimizes the setting parameters without previously producing a reject product.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plant according to the invention in a front view
  • Figure 2 shows the plant of Figure 1 in a side view
  • 3 shows the system according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in a top view
  • FIG. 4 shows the installation in a position for providing a production pallet in a front view
  • FIG. 5 shows the system according to FIG. 4 in a side view
  • FIG. 6 shows the system in a position with provided molding box in a front view
  • FIG. 7 shows the system according to FIG. 6 in a side view
  • FIG. 9 shows the system according to FIG. 8 in a side view
  • FIG. 10 shows the system during the final compression in a front view
  • FIG. 11 shows the system according to FIG. 10 in a side view
  • FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of a position after the final compression with activated vibration table locking in a front view
  • FIG. 13 shows the installation according to FIG. 12 in a side view
  • FIG. 14 shows the installation in a position in which the product is removed from the molding box in a front view
  • FIG. 15 shows the system according to FIG. 14 in a side view
  • FIG. 17 shows a plant according to FIG. 16 in a side view
  • FIG. 18 shows a system according to the invention in a front view according to a further embodiment
  • FIG. 19 shows a system according to the invention according to FIG. 18 in a side view and with an additional second material filling system
  • FIG. 20 shows schematically a pneumatic circuit diagram for actuating the air cushion in the rest position
  • FIG. 21 schematically shows the hydraulic circuit for fixing cylinders in a rest position
  • FIG. 22 schematically shows a circuit diagram for the control of the Gleichgangzy- for lifting and lowering of the mold
  • FIG. 23 shows a hydraulic circuit for controlling load cylinders for lifting and lowering a load
  • FIG. 24 shows a hydraulic circuit for actuating brakes for braking a load
  • FIG. 25 schematically shows a hydraulic circuit for fixing pallets
  • FIG. 26 schematically shows a hydraulic circuit for clamping a mold.
  • the plant 1 according to Figure 1 comprises a base frame 2, which is fixedly connected via two double T-beam 4 with the foundation 6. Via air cushion bearing 8, the vibration table 10 is mounted on the base frame 2 substantially vibration-decoupling. On the vibrating table 10, a production table 12 and thereon a production pallet 14 is arranged.
  • the mold frame 16 is connected via the drive frame 18 with the drive cylinders 20, which are each guided on one of the guide cylinder 22. About the drive cylinder 20 and the drive frame 18 of the mold frame 16 can be raised and lowered. The mold frame 16 can thus, as shown in Figure 1, are pressed onto the production pallet 14 and thus on the production table 12 on the vibration table 10. Characterized in that the guide cylinder 22 are fixedly connected to the vibrating table 10 in each case a cylinder attachment 24, by pressing down the mold frame 16 by the drive cylinder 20 on the vibration table 10, a tight tension between the mold frame 16 and the vibration table 10th
  • vibration vibration drives 26 are fixedly connected to the underside of the vibrating table 10 with this.
  • a direct connection between see the vibratory drives 26 and the base frame 2 does not exist.
  • this is transmitted to the vibrating table 10 and from there via the production table 12 and the production pallet 14 on the mold frame 16 and is available for compression of the filled in the mold frame 16 concrete.
  • the vibration table 10, the mold frame 16 and the drive cylinder 20 then carry out a harmonious vibration together, and are stored together swinging on the air cushion bearings 8.
  • vibration drives 26 are switched off, the vibration table 10 can be locked and fixed in height, in which the locking devices 28 lift the vibration table 10 by means of its lifting pistons 30 and press against a stop, which is not shown in FIG.
  • a forming die 32 is provided, which is shown in Figure 1 in its rest position.
  • the forming die 32 is attached to load containers 34, which in turn are attached to the load frame 36.
  • the Auflastrahmen 36 is suspended on the holding device 38 in its rest position on the yoke 40.
  • the yoke 40 is fixedly installed on the gallows 42 on the base frame 2.
  • the guide devices 44 further include brakes to brake the Auflastrahmen 36 together with the Auflast mitern 34 and the forming die 32 and set on the guide cylinder 22 in any position.
  • the position sensors 46 can be used to determine the vertical distance between the load-bearing frame 36 and the mold frame 16.
  • a vertical rod per position sensor 46 are arranged on the mold frame 16 so that it dips when approaching the Auflastrahmens 36 and the mold frame 16 in a corresponding opening of a position sensor 46 and thereby enables the position determination.
  • a filling carriage 48 is used, which is located at its lower edge 50 at the level of the upper mold frame edge 52 of the molding box 16. During filling, this lower Greschlittenrand 50 closes against the upper mold frame edge 52 so that concrete in the mold frame 16, but not laterally can pass.
  • the filling carriage 48 can be seen in its position on the filling sled table 54.
  • the lower Golfschlittenrand 50 also seals to the surface of the Greschlittenticians 54, so that concrete can not escape from the Greschlitten.
  • the Greschlitten 50 is funnel-shaped, to ensure a filling from above in a simple manner.
  • the additional edge plate 56 is provided for closing a concrete bunker, which is not shown here.
  • the movement of the filling carriage 48 is performed by the hydraulic Gearschlittenantrieb 58 which is attached via mounting bracket 60 on the Greschlittentisch 54.
  • the movement of the filling carriage 48 is effected by the movement of the hydraulic piston 62, whereby at the same time a guidance of the filling carriage 48 is achieved.
  • the surface of the Greschlittenticians 54 is aligned with the upper mold frame edge 52, so that the Greschlitten 48 can be pushed from the Greschlittentisch 54 to the mold frame 16 over and pulled back after filling.
  • a height adjustment of the Formschlittenticians 54 may be necessary to the new mold frame.
  • the Greschlittentisch 54 is arranged on height-adjustable legs 64, which are each lowered into the feet 66.
  • the conveyor belt 70 transports a production pallet 14 from the feed rack 74 to the vibrating table 10 by means of its drivers 72.
  • the feed rack 74 is mounted on carriers 75 of the conveyor Base frame 2 arranged.
  • the conveyor belt 70 is guided over the drive edges 76 and the deflection wheels 78.
  • the opening 49 of the filling carriage 48 becomes visible, which has slightly smaller dimensions than a production pallet 14.
  • a cleanly guided movement of the filling carriage 48 is ensured by the Greschlittenantrieb 58 by the mutually parallel hydraulic piston 62 are controlled synchronously.
  • the conveyor belt 70 is formed by two toothed belts 71.
  • the synchronization of the two toothed belts 71 is achieved in that the drive wheels 76 are mounted on a drive axle 77, which is moved by the one drive 69.
  • the deflection wheels 78 run free on the wheel axle 79.
  • the drive cylinders 20 When providing a production pallet 14 according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the drive cylinders 20 are in their upper end position.
  • the Auflastrahmen 36 with forming die 32 is latched in the holding device 38 on the yoke 40.
  • the vibrating table 10 is fixed by means of the lifting piston 30 of the locking device 28 against end stops.
  • the product 82 is free of the molding box and the forming die 32 and is transported by means of conveyor belt 70 from the plant 1.
  • a new one is positioned over the vibration table 10. The performed locking of the vibrating table is necessary for a smooth pallet transport and the filling of the mold box 16 in a further step.
  • the mold frame 16 When the mold frame 16 is made available, it is lowered by means of the drive cylinders 20 and pressed against the production pallet 14 which is arranged on the vibratory table 10. To avoid wear on the drivers 72, which are not visible in Figures 6 and 7, the conveyor belt 70 moves back about 10mm. After the positioning of the mold frame 16, the mold frame 16 is filled by the filling carriage 48 being displaced from the filling sled table 54 to the mold frame 16. For this purpose, it is necessary that the upper mold frame edge 52 and the surface of the Greschlittenticians 54 have the same height. On the one hand, the locking of the vibrating table 10 by means of locking device 28 is a prerequisite.
  • the height of the Greschlittenticians 54 must be adjusted by means of the height-adjustable table legs 64 on the mold frame used in each case.
  • the height adjustment of the filler bed table is sufficient once at the beginning of a new production line after the mold frame has been changed.
  • the edge plate 56 closes the opening of the concrete bunker 84.
  • the filling process of the molding box begins when the mold opening is reached by the filling carriage 48.
  • the Gearschlitten 48 When performing the pre-seal, according to the figures 8 and 9, the Railschlitten 48 is above the mold frame 16 in an end position. In this position, the locking of the vibrating table 10 is released and the vibration for pre-compression is performed. In this case, more concrete regularly slips into the mold frame 16, since the already filled concrete is compacted by the harmonic vibration and thus releases more space.
  • the vibration drives 26 After completion of the pre-compression, which is determined for example on the basis of a predetermined time, the vibration drives 26 are turned off and the locking by means of lifting piston 30 made so that the Greschlitten 48 can be retracted at the same level of mold frame 16 for Medschlittentisch 54.
  • the concrete at the opening of the mold frame 16 is smoothed and excess concrete is pulled over the filling carriage 48 to the filling sled table 54. Then the lock is released again.
  • the holding device 38 is released for the Auflastrahmen 36 so that this falls together with the Auflast consideredern 34 and the forming die 32 on the product.
  • to Final compression is a vibration until the position sensors 46 detect a desired product height and arranged in the guide device 44 brakes are activated and keep the Auflastrahmen 36 with Auflast anyer 34 and forming die 32 in the then reached height.
  • the load-bearing frame 36 is braked by the brakes in the guide device 44, so that the load-bearing container 34 and thus the forming punch 32 are also fixed in their height.
  • the forming punch 32 acts as ejector, so that the mold frame 18 releases the product 82 remaining on the production pallet 68.
  • the holding device 38 is exchanged for a linear drive 100 in relation to the embodiment according to FIG.
  • the Auflastrahmen 36 is further guided on the guide cylinders 22, wherein the movement execution of the linear drive 100, the Auflastrahmen 36 continuously and from the movement of the drive frame 18 can move substantially independently in the vertical direction.
  • the linear actuator 100th two drive cylinder 120 and two guide cylinder 122.
  • the Auflastrahmen 36 is thus mounted above the drive cylinder 120 to this and thereby carries the Auflast memorier and it in its intended use the forming die 32.
  • the guide cylinder 122 is in each case via a vibration decoupling 101 attached to the yoke 40. For vibration decoupling air cushion 108 are used.
  • a length measuring device 203 is fastened to the forming die or its carrying device. In this way, a movement of the drive frame 18 with respect to the length measuring device 203 and thus with respect to the Auflastrahmen 36 can be measured.
  • a primary vibration measuring device 201 is disposed on the vibrating table 10 for measuring the vibration on the vibrating table 10
  • a secondary vibration measuring device 202 is disposed on the forming die or its supporting and guiding means for measuring the vibrations of the forming die.
  • the holding device 18.1 of the drive frame 18 is adapted to hold the mold frame 16. It has a quick release device for this purpose.
  • the drive frame 18 no longer needs to ensure the lifting of the forming punch in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 shows, in addition to the vibration decoupling 101, the arrangement of a second material filling system.
  • This second material filling system comprises a filling carriage 48.1 with a peripheral plate 56.1 and a lower one Guschlittenrand 50.1.
  • the filling carriage 48.1 can be moved by a Gression 58.1 in cooperation with the mounting bracket 60.1 and the hydraulic piston 62.1.
  • table legs 64.1 and feet 66.1 are available.
  • the further transport belt 80 for the removal of production pallets 14 with finished compacted concrete goods runs below the second filling carriage 48.1.
  • a start program begins.
  • the electrical control goes through a self-check program with the query whether all facilities correspond to the proper zero position. If this is not the case, a fault message is issued and the machine may need to be moved to the correct position in the separate manual program. As planned, however, the self-check program should end up with an "OK".
  • a start key is then actuated, the hydraulic system is started and the accumulators are buffered and a pressure volume self-control becomes active. At the same time the table air cushions and the decoupling cushions become active. A corresponding sensor will then report an "I.”
  • the fixing cylinders of the locking device 28 are extended and here too, a corresponding sensor will report an "I”.
  • the mold is tensioned over a synchronous cylinder with a transmitter which returns whether the pressure is "OK.”
  • a mold clamping sensor checks whether the mold is clamped Calibration has detected and accordingly a calibration is performed.
  • the system will then display a successful run of the launcher on a display with the words "Ready for use.”
  • the program then asks the user if they want to select a program or create a new program
  • a first basic program is possible if only one concrete grade or a second basic program for two concrete qualities is used, if two fill sleds with different concrete qualities are used, as well as a third basic program combining two concrete qualities and using a further compression stroke in between Such a second compression stroke may be indicated when a first concrete quality is to be pressed into a certain corner of the future stone after filling, and then to fill the second concrete quality into the created clearance olgt also an intermediate compression.
  • a program name of the new production program to be created is first of all queried and can be entered, whereby additional data such as a code number, a product name, a form number, etc. can also be entered.
  • the mold box height is queried, for example, 300, so 300 mm, can be entered.
  • Third is the nominal height for the product height for which 250 are selected by way of example.
  • a product height tolerance field is entered as the fourth.
  • the input 1 can be assumed here, which means that a tolerance of +/- 1 mm is assumed.
  • the controller automatically calculates measuring points 1 to 6, which are important for the length measuring device 203 and thus for controlling the height of the forming punch 32 by means of the linear drive 100.
  • the product height, ie 250, and a safety distance of 10 are added to the second measuring point MP 2.
  • the synchronizing cylinders descend until the clamping pressure is reached. In this case, the measuring point 5 is reached and equated to the measuring point 0. This serves to avoid subsequent errors.
  • a subroutine A for core-concrete filling is first run through.
  • the first requirement is to test the vibration performance. If it exceeds 20% of the rated power, the fixing cylinders of the locking device 28 are shut down So the fixation solved. If the vibration power falls below 30%, the fixing cylinders are extended and the locking device 28 is activated
  • a pressure transmitter must determine a required minimum pressure of about 150 bar for the hydraulics of the drive cylinder 20 in the clamping direction as a second condition.
  • a further pressure switch is provided, which is intended to ensure non-electronic way that the frequency converter for the vibrators can not be turned on when the hydraulic pressure is below 140 bar.
  • the filling carriage moves in a first step over the mold and shakes about 3 seconds with an amplitude of about 50 mm above the mold.
  • the vibrators run with about 60% power. This filling time of 3 seconds and the vibrator output of 60% are the basis; they can be automatically optimized to optimize performance and results. Thus, these stated values represent basic or initial data that can still be changed.
  • the filling carriage returns to its original position and subroutine A is then completed and returns a finished message.
  • the values mentioned are only examples, in particular the value of 80% vibration power and the time value of 5 seconds is initially given empirically. It can change depending on the product and can be optimized and stored especially when passing through several production cycles. If a product with known marginal values is subsequently produced again after changing products, then the initially empirically determined then optimized values can be used.
  • the vibrators run from 80% to 100% according to a predetermined curve with constant comparison measurement of secondary to primary vibration.
  • the main program After completion of subroutine B, the main program is returned. If the compaction message is "OK", the actual dimension, ie the instantaneous state of the length measuring device, is compared with the measuring point MP2 whose value was previously calculated, If the actual dimension is within the tolerance field around the measuring point MP2, the message that the Product height is "OK”. Otherwise, the message is that the product level is "NOK.” In this case, a product scrap is present and recognition of that measurement is taken into account and used to correct the following cycle, with subroutine A being affected accordingly.
  • the mold is raised up to the measuring point MP3 so that the product can be dispensed.
  • the valve V3 is returned to its rest position.
  • the valve V3 according to FIG. 23 is then pushed into its position II for raising the ballast and at the same time the brakes are released, which is achieved by bringing the valve V5 into its rest position according to FIG.
  • subroutine C is used.
  • the valve V6 is initially brought to the zero position for pallet changing, as can be seen in FIG. 25, and the collision system is then moved forward. Ie. a pallet is pushed under the molding box. Subsequently, the pallet centering is closed by moving the valve V6 to position 1 as shown in FIG. The pallets are thus centered and held and the latch system moves back, leaving the pallets in place.
  • the subroutine C is then terminated with a finished message.
  • the main program then continues by bringing valve V2 to position I in Figure 22, thereby moving the mold down until it is measured and reported that the clamping pressure is "OK" and held, thus reaching MP5.
  • valve V3 is moved in accordance with Figure 23 in the position Il, so that the load is raised until the measuring point MP6 is reached, after which V3 is brought into its rest position. Finally, in this position, the measuring point MP6 is aligned with the measuring point MP1, MP6 is thus set to the measuring point MP1 and the end of a cycle is reached.
  • the basic program 1 described is repeated as long as by manual restarts until at least three product cycles have been produced in succession by the increasingly sensitive subprogram A influencing, the final result of which is JO. "The program values determined in this way are then assigned to the preselected program code and stored In the meantime, a new production program has been created from the basic program 1 and the specified inputs.This newly created production program essentially runs like the basic program 1, but starts from the concrete parameters that were determined and stored.
  • the machine control reacts only very sensitively by influencing the subroutine A in order to optimize the respective subsequent production cycles for possible raw concrete fluctuations. That is, the parameters associated with the newly created program are essentially met, but may still be subject to minor changes. If the result of a production cycle finds itself within a small target range, then no further optimization takes place to prevent unnecessary rules.
  • the basic program 2 differs from the basic program 1 in the query initially only in that in addition to the fifth question, a mounting height of facing concrete in percent is queried. The Calculation of the measuring points 1 to 6 then takes place in the same way as in the basic program 1.
  • subroutine A1 for core concrete filling is started first. Again, the same Vorrauschen 1 and 2 as in the above-described subroutine A to meet. Then the filling carriage moves over the mold and shakes for 2 seconds with about 50 mm stroke length over the mold, with the vibrators running at 50% power.
  • the filling time of 2 seconds and the vibrator output of 50% are basic data that are automatically optimized to optimize performance and can also have slightly different empirical values at the beginning.
  • subroutine A2 for filling with facing concrete is carried out. Again, the requirements mentioned in connection with subroutine A and 1 must be fulfilled. Then the filling carriage travels over the mold and shakes for 1 second with a stroke length of approx. 50 mm and the vibrators run at about 65% power. Here, too, the filling time of 1 second and the vibration power of 65% are basic data, which are success-dependent, but are influenced by input optimization. After the timeout, the filling carriage returns to its original position and the subroutine A2 is ended with a finished message.
  • the valve V3 is then brought to the position I according to FIG. 23 in order to discharge the load.
  • the subroutine B for compaction is started.
  • the main program continues as the main program for the base program 1 but with two differences.
  • the measurement with respect to the product height, ie the comparison of the actual measurement with the measuring point MP 2 leads to an influence on the subroutine A1 and thereby automatically to the correction or improvement of the subsequent cycle (in contrast, was the base program subroutine A is affected).
  • the facing concrete portion "niO" a manual manipulation of the subroutine A2 for the correction of the following cycle is made.
  • the basic program 2 must be repeated by manually restarting and manually influencing the subroutine A2 until at least three successive product cycles have been produced by the increasingly sensitive influencing effect, the result being JO " Input assigned to question 1 and saved
  • a new production program from the basic program 2 and the specified inputs, as well as the manual influence of the subroutine A2 has emerged.
  • the basic program 2 was thus used at the same time to create a production program for the use of two types of concrete.
  • the machine control responds very sensitively by automatic or manual influence of the subroutines A1 and A2 to optimize the respective following product cycles such. B. reacting to any concrete fluctuations.
  • a third basic program is provided, which will now be described. It initially asks for the same four inputs as described in Basic Program 1 and additionally queries a front concrete thickness, which may be 25 mm, for example. This value is important for the determination of a difference measure for a further measuring point MP2.1 as a function of the second measuring point MP2.
  • the measuring points MP1 to 6 and additionally MP2.1 are calculated.
  • the first measuring point MP1 is calculated from the difference between the maximum mold height of 570 and the
  • MP6 therefore corresponds to the value 110 in the example.
  • a subroutine B1 is started, with which a vibration precompression is carried out.
  • conditions 1 and 2 according to subroutine A must first be taken into account.
  • the vibrators jump in a first step of your idle power of about 10% jump to about 55% power high. Due to the compression, the forming punch and thus the surcharge decreases.
  • the subroutine B1 is terminated with a finished message.
  • subroutine B If subroutine B returns a "pre-compaction OK" message, it checks to see if the actual measure of product height in the tolerance field is around the measurement point MP2 is in order to be able to output a message "Production height OK", otherwise the message "Production level OK" is displayed and a product committee is therefore present.
  • the subroutine A1 is automatically influenced by the results for the consideration or correction of the subsequent cycle. The cast concrete thickness is measured manually and if this is not correct, a manual correction of the additional measuring point MP2.1 is also carried out.
  • the measuring point MP 5 is then reached.
  • the measuring point MP6 is set to the value of MP1. The end of the cycle has been reached and the program issues a corresponding message.
  • the determined values are stored for a production program, ie the production program then behaves according to the production processes as the underlying basic program with the determined values can be done automatically after these three "OK” cycles in succession or the user is given the opportunity to create and save the relevant production program.
  • the production program generated in this way is then used to produce a corresponding concrete product.
  • parameters can be further optimized and thus the Production program to be improved.
  • the thus improved production program can then be stored manually or automatically as a new optimized production program, or it can be overwritten during storage, the existing production program by this improved version.
  • a plant shutdown program is provided, which assumes that the machine is in the situation to a cycle end according to one of the basic programs 1 to 3.
  • the hydraulic pumps are switched off and a storage relief valve is then opened, so that a storage pressure is relieved and volume flows into a corresponding tank.
  • the valve V2 according to FIG. 22 is switched to position I for 20 seconds, so that the respective cylinders and reservoirs are depressurized and occupy a lower position.
  • the fixing cylinders of the locking device 28 are switched without pressure by V1 assumes the position 0 according to Figure 21.
  • all air cushions are vented and thus become depressurized, so that the machine vibration table and the ballast decoupling are in their end positions.
  • the machine After all time limits have expired, the machine is depressurized by gravity in mechanical end positions, whereupon sensors confirm this shutdown situation and then a control system de-energizes the system. Finally, the system can be switched off manually by a main switch.
  • FIG. 20 shows the pneumatic control of the bellows cylinders 104 for the vibrating table 10 as well as the bellows cylinders 106 and 110 for lower and upper decoupling bearings of the air cushion 108 for the vibration decoupling 101 shown.
  • six bellows cylinders 106 and for the decoupling at the bottom six bellows cylinders 106 as well as for decoupling also six bellows cylinders 110 are provided for the vibration table 12.
  • Via the pneumatic switch V P Via the pneumatic switch V P , the general compressed air supply is controlled. In switching state 0, which is shown, all bearings are vented, whereas in switching state I, a pressurization takes place.
  • the pressurization takes place starting from the pressure source 112 via the pressure limiting valves 114, 116 and 118 and via a pressure control 124, 126 and 128 to the respective bellows cylinders 104, 106 and 110. Furthermore, in each case a pressure relief valve 134, 136 and 138, respectively intended.
  • Cylinders 140 are cylinders 50 / 36-70, type DH / MF3; DIN2433 / ISO6022 used. The pressure used is 150 bar.
  • synchronous cylinders 150 For raising and lowering the mold, four synchronous cylinders 150 according to FIG. 22 are hydraulically actuated.
  • the valve V2 is used, which is shown in its rest position according to FIG.
  • the switch position I and to start the switch position Il provided.
  • a pressure transmitter 154 is provided, which is combined with a pressure switch.
  • cylinders 120 / 100-1100 are used for the synchronous cylinder 150.
  • the control of two load cylinders 160 is provided for moving the ballast 34 via the linear drive 100.
  • the valves V3 and V4 are present, which are both shown in their rest position. All hydraulic infeeds to the over-load cylinders 160 are Broken and blocked her movement with it.
  • the valve V3 is actuated with switching command I.
  • the loading cylinders 160 are then in a "floating position" in which both hydraulic chambers communicate with each other via the valve V3.
  • the valve V3 receives the shift command II, whereby the upper sides of the supercharging cylinders 160 shown in FIG. 23 are subjected to hydraulic pressure and thus the load can travel upwards.
  • the command III is provided for the valve V4, therefore, the lower chambers of the supercharging cylinder 160 are provided with hydraulic pressure and thereby exert force on the Auflastrahmen and corresponding to the fixed forming die.
  • a pressure limiting valve 162 is present here. Cylinders 80 / 50-11, type DH / MF3 are used
  • Brakes to hold the ballast are driven according to the circuit of FIG.
  • Figure 24 shows the rest position, in which the brake diaphragm cylinder 170 are depressurized.
  • a switching command I to the valve V5 which causes pressure from the pressure source 174 is supplied to the brake diaphragm cylinder 170.
  • Pallet centering is controlled according to the hydraulic circuit of FIG. Figure 25 shows the valve V6 used in a rest position, in which the cylinder 180 in the piston 182 is in a lower position. To actuate the Palettenzentritation the valve V6 is changed by means of the control command I in the position so that the flow direction in the hydraulic lines to the cylinder 180 turns around and the piston 182 thus starts up.
  • a cylinder 32 / 20-120 of type DH / RPL is used here.
  • the pressure is 150 bar.
  • four mold clamping cylinders 190 are provided.
  • FIG. 26 shows the activation of the mold clamping cylinders 190 in a rest position. Here, the mold clamping cylinder from the source 192 via the controlled check valve 194 are pressurized. At the same time, there is a pressure reservoir 196 for elastically holding the pressure.
  • valve V7 In order to relax the mold clamping cylinders for a mold change, the valve V7 is switched in accordance with a command I and leads to the reduction of the pressure and thus to the relaxation of the mold clamping cylinder.
  • the controlled check valve 194 remains in its closed position by the controller.
  • the pressure used for the mold clamping cylinders is 100 bar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation destinée à la production de produits en béton, comprenant au moins une table vibrante destinée à porter au moins un plateau de fabrication, un support de moule pour la préparation d'un châssis de moulage du produit sur la palette de fabrication, au moins un moyen moteur pour la production d'une vibration de la table vibrante, et des moyens de précontrainte assurant la liaison transférant les vibrations, du châssis de moulage avec la table vibrante, installation caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un support de découplage, en particulier un support à coussin d'air, pour le positionnement à découplage des vibrations, d'au moins la table vibrante par rapport à l'environnement. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de production de produits en béton ou analogues, procédé utilisant l'installation précitée.
PCT/EP2006/004058 2005-04-29 2006-04-29 Installation et procede de production de produits en beton WO2006117173A2 (fr)

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DE200510020428 DE102005020428A1 (de) 2005-04-29 2005-04-29 Anlage und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Betonwaren

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008059528A1 (de) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-10 Hans-Georg Faber Gleitschalungsvorrichtung
CN107433729A (zh) * 2017-06-26 2017-12-05 朱小菊 医药单冲压片机
WO2018087221A1 (fr) 2016-11-10 2018-05-17 Windmolders Beton N.V. Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une pierre à pavé
WO2018202831A1 (fr) 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 Windmolders Beton N. V. Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une pierre à pavé

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EP1967339B1 (fr) * 2007-03-07 2014-04-23 IAB - Institut für Angewandte Bauforschung Weimar gGmbH Méthode et dispositif pour le compactage de mélanges secs
DE102011050970B4 (de) * 2011-06-09 2013-08-22 Rekers Verwaltungs-GmbH & Co. KG Steinformmaschine und Verfahren zur Höhenverstellung einer Steinformmaschine
CN102744766B (zh) * 2012-07-16 2014-07-30 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 一种中部带滑块的振动成型机的模头机构及其操作方法
ITUD20120203A1 (it) * 2012-11-30 2014-05-31 G M F S R L Metodo per la produzione di mattonelle cementizie
FR3048377B1 (fr) * 2016-03-02 2018-03-23 Fives Solios Sa Dispositif de contrepression pour une machine de compaction par vibrotassage et machine comprenant un tel dispositif
CN110018041A (zh) * 2019-03-22 2019-07-16 海盐广益建材有限公司 混凝土抗震强度测试装置

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DE3048181A1 (de) * 1980-12-19 1982-07-22 Passavant-Werke AG & Co KG, 6209 Aarbergen Vorrichtung zum herstellen verdichteter formkoerper aus beton o.dgl.
DE3839556A1 (de) * 1988-11-24 1990-06-21 Henke Maschf Gmbh Vorrichtung zum herstellen von betonteilen
DE3937698A1 (de) * 1989-11-13 1991-05-23 Hermann Dipl Ing Willeck Verfahren zum herstellen von betonsteinen im ruettelverfahren
US5433903A (en) * 1991-11-15 1995-07-18 Laeis-Bucher Gmbh Process for the control and regulation of the pressing process of a brick press
EP0870585A1 (fr) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-14 Den Boer Staal B.V. Méthode et dispositif pour le compactage d'une matière granuleuse telle que du mortier de béton
DE19956961A1 (de) * 1999-11-23 2001-05-31 Iff Inst Fuer Fertigteiltechni Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Einwirkung von Schwingungen auf die Formgebung und Verdichtung von Betonwaren
WO2004069504A1 (fr) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-19 Institut für Fertigteiltechnik und Fertigbau Weimar e.V. Dispositif pour mouler des melanges

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US3407458A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-10-29 A R Ind Inc Apparatus for producing pre-cast concrete members including reinforcing rod holders pivotally mounted on mold box
DE3048181A1 (de) * 1980-12-19 1982-07-22 Passavant-Werke AG & Co KG, 6209 Aarbergen Vorrichtung zum herstellen verdichteter formkoerper aus beton o.dgl.
DE3839556A1 (de) * 1988-11-24 1990-06-21 Henke Maschf Gmbh Vorrichtung zum herstellen von betonteilen
DE3937698A1 (de) * 1989-11-13 1991-05-23 Hermann Dipl Ing Willeck Verfahren zum herstellen von betonsteinen im ruettelverfahren
US5433903A (en) * 1991-11-15 1995-07-18 Laeis-Bucher Gmbh Process for the control and regulation of the pressing process of a brick press
EP0870585A1 (fr) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-14 Den Boer Staal B.V. Méthode et dispositif pour le compactage d'une matière granuleuse telle que du mortier de béton
DE19956961A1 (de) * 1999-11-23 2001-05-31 Iff Inst Fuer Fertigteiltechni Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Einwirkung von Schwingungen auf die Formgebung und Verdichtung von Betonwaren
WO2004069504A1 (fr) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-19 Institut für Fertigteiltechnik und Fertigbau Weimar e.V. Dispositif pour mouler des melanges

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008059528A1 (de) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-10 Hans-Georg Faber Gleitschalungsvorrichtung
DE102008059528B4 (de) * 2008-11-28 2010-11-04 Hans-Georg Faber Gleitschalungsvorrichtung
WO2018087221A1 (fr) 2016-11-10 2018-05-17 Windmolders Beton N.V. Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une pierre à pavé
WO2018202831A1 (fr) 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 Windmolders Beton N. V. Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une pierre à pavé
CN107433729A (zh) * 2017-06-26 2017-12-05 朱小菊 医药单冲压片机

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DE102005020428A1 (de) 2006-11-02

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