EP1967339B1 - Méthode et dispositif pour le compactage de mélanges secs - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif pour le compactage de mélanges secs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1967339B1
EP1967339B1 EP08003921.7A EP08003921A EP1967339B1 EP 1967339 B1 EP1967339 B1 EP 1967339B1 EP 08003921 A EP08003921 A EP 08003921A EP 1967339 B1 EP1967339 B1 EP 1967339B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
vibrating table
vibration
lifting cylinder
elastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08003921.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1967339A3 (fr
EP1967339A2 (fr
Inventor
Günter Dipl.-Phys. Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IAB Institut fuer Angewandte Bauforschung Weimar gGmbH
Original Assignee
IAB Institut fuer Angewandte Bauforschung Weimar gGmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IAB Institut fuer Angewandte Bauforschung Weimar gGmbH filed Critical IAB Institut fuer Angewandte Bauforschung Weimar gGmbH
Priority to PL08003921T priority Critical patent/PL1967339T3/pl
Publication of EP1967339A2 publication Critical patent/EP1967339A2/fr
Publication of EP1967339A3 publication Critical patent/EP1967339A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1967339B1 publication Critical patent/EP1967339B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/087—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould
    • B28B1/0873—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould the mould being placed on vibrating or jolting supports, e.g. moulding tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the compression of dry mixtures such as earth-moist concrete in the manufacture of stones. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding method.
  • Such devices and a corresponding method are used for example for the production of concrete blocks or the like. Moldings in industrial production. Conventional machines use the so-called shock vibration for compacting, wherein a vibrating table is vibrated with this associated unbalance exciter and a mold located on the vibrating table is likewise set in vibration with the filled mixture. So that the mold can oscillate relatively freely, it is mounted in a pneumatic clamping of form. Due to the vibrations, the mold lifts in the upward movement of the swinging table and beats in the downward movement on so-called Klopfleisten so that there are bouncing high acceleration intensity. As a result, a compression of the relatively difficult to process dry concrete is achieved. On the other hand, the bouncing blows also produce a high level of noise. In addition, a complicated machine setting is necessary to enforce these bounce impacts.
  • the mold is fixed by separate, in particular hydraulically actuated, clamping devices on the vibrating table.
  • the means for generating the Verspannkraft are mounted directly on the vibrating table and resonate with this and the shape with. To attach the form, this has special recordings, which means a considerable effort especially in a large variety of forms.
  • the operation of clamping may result in a time delay resulting in a reduced productivity of up to 20%.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to improve the process and to propose an improved connection between the mold and the vibrating table, which facilitates the attachment and the decoating of the molds and allows higher productivity.
  • a device for compressing, in particular, dry mixture, such as, for example, earth-moist concrete, by vibration at least one mounted in a swing table suspension in the device vibrating table and at least one clamped form and at least a Formhubzylinder provided for lifting the mold from the vibrating table, wherein the mold is mounted by means of at least one elastic mounting in the device.
  • This elastic bearing is preferably designed and arranged so that the form is decoupled from the swing table suspension mounted in the device.
  • this makes it possible for the mold to be clamped to the vibrating table simultaneously with the lowering of the mold onto the vibrating table.
  • a separate clamping process by means of separate Verspannstoff can be omitted.
  • This time saving leads to an increase in productivity and the clock cycles can be reduced.
  • the elastic bearing of the mold advantageously causes the mold to vibrate together with the vibrating table.
  • hydraulic cylinders are provided as mold lift cylinders, which can be moved bidirectionally. Therefore, the mold can be both raised and lowered.
  • at least two Formhubzylinder are provided.
  • the elastic mounting is in particular designed such that in a state in which the mold is lowered onto the oscillation table, the shape is also deflected during a deflection of the oscillation table and is pressed against the oscillation table due to the elastic restoring force.
  • the elastic support of the mold is arranged in series with the at least one mold lifting cylinder in a force flow connection between a force introduction to the device and a force introduction of the mold.
  • a force introduction is to be understood, for example, a suspension point on a frame or a holder of the device for suspending the storage of the mold.
  • the order can be both the order of introduction of force - Formhubzylinder - elastic storage - shape and the order of force introduction - elastic storage - Shaping cylinder - be provided form. It goes without saying that within this power flow connection still more connecting parts or the like. May be arranged.
  • the invention also relates to a device, in particular one of the embodiments described above, for compacting dry mixtures, in particular earth-moist concrete, with at least one arranged on a vibrating table, which is suitable for generating a vibration, or arranged thereon a backing board for producing at least one Molded part of the mixture, in particular for producing a concrete block, and with at least one Formhubzylinder for lifting the mold from the vibrating table after compressing the batch by vibration, wherein the at least one Formhubzylinder and the mold and / or their storage are adapted to each other in that the shape of the at least one mold lifting cylinder can be fixed on the latter even when the vibrating table is actuated.
  • the Formhubzylinder and the form or their storage are preferably adapted to each other so that the mold is pressed onto the backing board, so that the form can not stand out from the swinging table and the vibrating table, the base board and the form of vibration form a unit, in particular harmonious, d. H. preferably purely sinusoidal, oscillates with the predetermined from the vibrating table mounted unbalance exciter sequence.
  • the or the Formhubzylinder are in particular so dimensioned that at a conventional hydraulic system pressure of the stone molding machine, for example, 200 bar, the contact pressure is greater than the force required for the downward acceleration of the swing table to accelerate down the mold.
  • the vibrating table and the mold are mounted elastically in a frame or frame.
  • the frame or the Frame is for example made up of vertical columns with at least one cross-beam.
  • the oscillating table is elastically mounted in the frame or frame, and that the mold is elastically mounted on or in the at least one Formhubzylinder which is rigidly connected to the frame or frame. This allows a simple assembly of at least one Formhubzylinders, since hydraulic lines must be subject to its supply to any movement.
  • the elastic bearings of the vibrating table and the mold are configured such that the at least one Formhubzylinder is elastically connected to the frame or frame and that the at least one Formhubzylinder is rigidly connected to the mold.
  • the rigid connection between the Formhubzylinder and the mold may alternatively be provided an elastic connection.
  • the elastic bearings of the vibrating table and the mold are coordinated so that the spring properties are at least approximately identical, so that the vibrating table and the mold essentially form a one-mass system.
  • swinging table and form swing in-phase with the same amplitude are coordinated so that the spring properties are at least approximately identical, so that the vibrating table and the mold essentially form a one-mass system.
  • a tuning of the vibration behavior is inventively improved when the elastic mounting of the mold is variable, to bring about the vote of the elastic bearings of the vibrating table and the shape of each other.
  • a variable parameter for example, the position or the distance of the storage of the vibrating table, the contact pressure, the damping or be provided the restoring force.
  • the restoring force can be achieved, for example, by using a pneumatic bearing, if the corresponding air pressure is adjusted.
  • the tuning is improved according to the invention, when the device has a displacement measuring element for measuring the depth of the spring elements and a control or regulating unit, by means of which the contact pressure of the mold is adjustable in dependence on the compression depth to carry out the tuning.
  • an improvement of the vote can be achieved if the device has at least one pressure sensor for measuring the hydraulic pressure when pressing the spring elements and a control or regulating unit, by means of which the contact pressure of the mold is adjustable to carry out the tuning.
  • an evaluation unit is additionally provided, by means of which different measured variables of the device are comparable with each other and / or with predetermined values. This makes it possible to draw conclusions from deviations to changes in the spring characteristics of the spring elements and thus to operate the device in an optimal operating condition.
  • a brake linkage and / or a particular hydraulic brake for locking the storage of the mold and / or the Formhubzylinders can be provided with the frame according to an embodiment of the device. This allows an energy-saving mode of operation when the hydraulic drive is deactivated in the locked state.
  • the invention also relates to a method for compacting dry mixtures, for example for producing stones from earth-moist concrete, in particular with a device according to one of the embodiments described above, comprising the following steps: filling the mixture in at least one mold, which on a vibrating table or an optionally provided backing board is or will be arranged, generating a preferably harmonic vibration for compressing the mixture through the vibrating table and / or the associated devices, wherein at least one Formhubzylinder so strongly presses the mold during the vibration on the vibrating table or the backing board during the vibration of the mold and the swinging table essentially swing together.
  • a method for compacting dry mixtures for example for producing stones from earth-moist concrete, in particular with a device according to one of the embodiments described above, comprising the following steps: filling the mixture in at least one mold, which on a vibrating table or an optionally provided backing board is or will be arranged, generating a preferably harmonic vibration for compressing the mixture through the vibrating table and / or the associated devices
  • the compacted mixture can be held down at the same time in particular by a surcharge.
  • the ballast is applied for example with a Auflasthubzylinder.
  • the vibrating table and the mold swing for a possible impact-free compression, it is advantageous if during vibration, in particular by a coordinated elastic mounting of the vibrating table and the mold, the vibrating table and the mold substantially as a one-mass system in common.
  • the contact pressure is adjusted according to a preferred embodiment of the method of the vibration behavior of the entire unit to prevent lifting of the mold.
  • the contact pressure is selected to be just as high that the shape just does not stand out from the vibrating table in a conventional performance.
  • the at least one shape and the vibrating table or the backing board during the vibration preferably in phase with the same amplitude. It can thereby be achieved that at least no appreciable relative movement takes place between the at least one mold and the oscillating table or the underlay board.
  • the contact pressure is set as a function of the particular contact pressure determined, in particular, by measuring the depth of the spring elements. For example, a contact pressure can be increased if the depth of the spring elements exceeds a preset threshold. This threshold is chosen in particular so that its compliance with a lifting of the mold is prevented by the vibrating table.
  • the contact pressure can be preset as a function of a predetermined functional relationship between the depth of the pressure and the desired contact pressure. The contact pressure may be e.g. be determined by measuring the hydraulic pressure when pressing the spring elements.
  • the distance measurement of the compression depth of the spring elements and the measurement of the hydraulic pressure can be compared and evaluated with predetermined values to tune the vibration behavior of the device. As a result, changes in the spring properties of the spring elements can be detected and compensated.
  • the left half of the picture Fig. 1 shows the embodiment according to the invention, while the right half of Fig. 1 represents an embodiment according to the prior art.
  • the device 1 comprises a rocking table 3 which is mounted in a frame 2 and on which a mold 4 is braced to produce a concrete shaped part not shown in detail. So that the concrete molding can be easily removed from the device 1 after demoulding, a base board 5 is arranged below the mold 4.
  • the oscillating table 3 is supported in the frame 2 by a swing table suspension 6, which is an elastic bearing 7. To generate the vibrations, the vibrating table 3 has a plurality of unbalance exciters 8. These can be harmonic suggestions.
  • the mold 4 is fixed in a deflectable manner on the rocking table 3 in the vertical direction by means of a pneumatic clamping of the form 9.
  • a pneumatic clamping of the form 9 In the shock vibrations generated by the unbalance exciter 8 lifts the mold 4 in the upward movement of the rocking table 3 and strikes in the downward movement on so-called knock strips 10. This produces bounce blows of high acceleration intensity, which generate a high noise level.
  • the mold 4 is fixed by means of a further elastic bearing 11 on the rocking table 3.
  • a Formhubzylinder 12 is provided, which is on the one hand rigidly connected to a bottom 13 of the frame 2 of the device 1.
  • the Formhubzylinder 12 is connected to the other elastic support 11 so that it can be moved up and down. In such a movement in the direction of the bottom 13, the mold 4 is fixed on the base board 5 and the vibrating table 3 by pressing.
  • the elastic bearing 7 of the rocking table 3 and the elastic bearing 11 of the mold 4 are matched to one another such that the suspension properties are at least approximately identical.
  • the mold 4, the base board 5 and the rocking table 3 thus form a single-mass system 14.
  • a hydraulic brake 16 is provided on a brake linkage 15, which can lock the guided by means of a guide sleeve 17 on a guide column 18 elastic bearing 11 of the mold 4 in the vertical direction.
  • sensors are provided, the measured values are fed into a control or regulating unit 19.
  • an evaluation unit 20 is provided, by means of which an evaluation of the measured values can be carried out.
  • the control unit 19 the contact pressure of the mold 4 on the rocking table 3 by means of the Formhubzylinders 12 are set.
  • the spring properties of the elastic bearing 11 of the mold 4 can be changed.
  • FIG. 3 In the schematic detail view according to Fig. 3 is the same storage of Form 4 and swinging table 3 illustrated again.
  • the elastic mounting 7 of the rocking table 3 and the elastic bearing 11 of the mold 4 have substantially the same elastic properties, so that with appropriate dimensioned masses of mold 4 and rocking table 3, the distance 21 between the mold 4 and rocker table 3 practically always remains constant.
  • the elastic bearing 11 of the mold 4 and the elastic bearing 7 of the rocking table 3 also according to an arrangement after Fig. 2 be arranged to each other.
  • both the elastic bearing 7 of the rocking table 3 and the elastic bearing 11 of the mold 4 are rigidly connected to the frame 2.
  • the mold 4 is in turn connected via the mold lifting cylinder 12 with the elastic bearing 11 of the mold 4.
  • the concrete blocks formed from the batch can be switched off on the base board 5.
  • the mold 4 is raised by means of the Formhubzylinders 12, while the product, ie the concrete blocks or the like., Are held down by a load 22 on the base board 5.
  • the base board 5 is ejected together with the concrete blocks thereon from the device 1, while at the same time or shortly thereafter, a new, empty base board 5 is conveyed to the rocking table 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif pour le compactage des bétons légèrement humides avec au moins un moule (4) installé sur une table oscillante (3), qui est appropriée à générer une vibration, ou avec une planche de support associée (5) à celle-ci (la table oscillante) pour la production d'au moins un élément moulé du mélange de béton, et avec au moins un vérin de levage (12) pour hisser le moule (4) de la table oscillante (3) après le compactage du mélange de béton par vibration, de façon que la table oscillante (3) soit accouplée par un accouplement élastique (7) à un cadre ou châssis (2),
    de façon qu'au moins un vérin de levage (12) et le moule (4) soient adaptés l'un à l'autre de telle manière que le moule (4) de ce vérin de levage (12) soit fixables sans soulèvement à la table oscillante même pendant le fonctionnement de la table oscillante (3) et la table oscillante (3), le moule (4) ainsi que la planche de support (5) forment un ensemble oscillant qui effectue des oscillations harmoniques, de façon que que l'accouplage élastique (7, 11) de la table oscillante (3) et du moule (4) soit adapté l'un à l'autre de telle manière que les caractéristiques élastiques soient identiques, afin que la table oscillante (3) et le moule (4) constituent essentiellement un système mono-masse (14), et de manière que le moule (4) soit accouplé au travers d'un appuis élastique (11) supplémentaire dans un cadre ou châssis (2), et de manière que l'appuis élastique (11) du moule (4) soit variable afin qu'une syntonisation des accouplages élastiques (7,11) de la table oscillante (3) et du moule (4) soit possible, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif soit muni d'un élément de mesure de distances pour mesurer le raccourcissement due à la compression des éléments élastiques et une unité de commande ou de régulation (19) au travers de laquelle la syntonisation des pressions du moule (4) soit réglable en fonction du raccourcissement due à la compression.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le moule (4) est monté sur un appui élastique (11) supplémentaire auquel au moins un vérin de levage (12) est accouplé et dont le vérin de levage est relié de façon rigide au cadre ou châssis (2).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le moule (4) est monté de façon rigide sur au moins ce vérin de levage (12), qui est relié au travers d'un appui élastique (11) supplémentaire au cadre ou châssis (2).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé d'un capteur de pression pour mesurer la pression hydraulique lors de la compression des éléments de ressort et une unité de commande ou de régulation (19) au travers de laquelle la syntonisation des pressions du moule (4) soit réglable.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé par une unité de contrôle, au travers de laquelle les différentes valeurs de mesure du dispositif sont comparables entre elles ou/et aux valeurs prédéterminées.
  6. Dispositif selon au moins une des revendications précédentes caractérisé d'une - timonerie de freinage (15) et/ou d'un frein (16) pour le blocage de l'appui (11) du moule (4) ou du vérin de levage avec le châssis (2).
  7. Dispositif de compactage d'un mélange de béton par vibration selon au moins une des revendications précédentes avec au moins une suspension de la table oscillante (6) qui est montée dans le dispositif de la table oscillante (3) et au moins un moule (4) qui peut être serré à la table oscillante ainsi qu'au moins un vérin de levage (12) pour soulever les moules de la table oscillante, caractérisé en ce que le moule (4) est accouplé au dispositif (1) au travers d'un appui élastique (11).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que l'accouplage élastique (11) du moule (4) est relié en série avec le vérin de levage (12) grâce à un accouplage sans jeu entre le point d'introduction de force sur le dispositif (1) et le moule (4).
  9. Procédé pour le compactage des bétons légèrement humides utilisant un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - Chargement du mélange de béton dans au moins un moule (4) qui est disposé sur une table oscillante (3) et/ou sur une planche de support (5),
    - production d'une vibration harmonique pour le compactage du mélange de béton par une table oscillante et/ou des éléments associés,
    de manière qu'au moins un vérin de levage (12) serre le moule (4) si fort à la table oscillante (3) ou à la planche de support (5) pendant la vibration, que le moule (4) et la table oscillante (3) vibrent ensemble, et que pendant la vibration la table oscillante (3) et le moule (4) vibrent ensemble essentiellement comme un système mono-masse (14) au travers d'un accouplage élastique (7, 11) coordonné et telle que l'appui élastique (11) du moule (4) soit variable et soit réglable au travers d'un élément de mesure de distances pour mesurer le raccourcissement due à la compression des éléments élastiques et une unité de commande ou de régulation (19) au travers de laquelle la syntonisation des pressions du moule (4) soit réglable en fonction du raccourcissement due à la compression.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce qu'après le compactage le mélange de béton compacté est démoulé en soulevant le moule (4) au-dessus de la table oscillante (3) ou de la planche de support (5) au travers du vérin de levage (12), pendant que le mélange de béton est maintenu en place par une charge (22).
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10 caractérisé en ce que la pression d'appui est adaptée au comportement vibratoire de tout l'assemblage afin qu'un soulèvement du moule (4) soit évité.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11 caractérisé en ce que pendant la vibration au moins un moule (4) et la table oscillante (3) ou la planche de support (5) vibrent en phase avec la même amplitude.
EP08003921.7A 2007-03-07 2008-03-03 Méthode et dispositif pour le compactage de mélanges secs Not-in-force EP1967339B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08003921T PL1967339T3 (pl) 2007-03-07 2008-03-03 Urządzenie i sposób zagęszczania suchych mieszanin

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007011473 2007-03-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1967339A2 EP1967339A2 (fr) 2008-09-10
EP1967339A3 EP1967339A3 (fr) 2011-03-16
EP1967339B1 true EP1967339B1 (fr) 2014-04-23

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EP (1) EP1967339B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1967339T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1967339T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108638563A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-10-12 胡亚勇 一种减震型建筑施工挤压成型装置及使用方法
CN112008828A (zh) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-01 曹银花 一种水利施工混凝土预制件成型制作方法

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FR3029822B1 (fr) * 2014-12-10 2017-05-19 Quadra 1 Systeme de compression d’une presse vibrante pour la realisation d’un element de construction
FR3029823B1 (fr) * 2014-12-10 2016-12-09 Quadra 1 Procede de demoulage d’un element de construction d’un presse vibrante
CN107756856B (zh) * 2017-10-24 2019-08-09 韩淑芳 一种牛粪燃烧块用牛粪压块设备
CN114232788B (zh) * 2021-12-22 2023-07-07 江西省萍乡市联友建材有限公司 一种超长结构混凝土无缝施工结构及施工方法

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DE2832627A1 (de) * 1977-07-26 1979-02-01 Katsura Machine Co Vibrierende ruettelvorrichtung zur betonblockformung
WO2003059588A1 (fr) * 2002-01-19 2003-07-24 Kobra Formen Gmbh Dispositif de fabrication de pieces moulees

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108638563A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-10-12 胡亚勇 一种减震型建筑施工挤压成型装置及使用方法
CN112008828A (zh) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-01 曹银花 一种水利施工混凝土预制件成型制作方法

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EP1967339A2 (fr) 2008-09-10

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