EP3094480A1 - Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique

Info

Publication number
EP3094480A1
EP3094480A1 EP15701709.6A EP15701709A EP3094480A1 EP 3094480 A1 EP3094480 A1 EP 3094480A1 EP 15701709 A EP15701709 A EP 15701709A EP 3094480 A1 EP3094480 A1 EP 3094480A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
piston
cylinder
cylinders
pressure pulse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15701709.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3094480C0 (fr
EP3094480B1 (fr
Inventor
Harald Winkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH
Original Assignee
Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE202014000162.6U external-priority patent/DE202014000162U1/de
Priority claimed from DE202014000704.7U external-priority patent/DE202014000704U1/de
Application filed by Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH filed Critical Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH
Publication of EP3094480A1 publication Critical patent/EP3094480A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3094480C0 publication Critical patent/EP3094480C0/fr
Publication of EP3094480B1 publication Critical patent/EP3094480B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/007—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a plurality of pressing members working in different directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for compacting, in particular for harmonic compaction of mineral mixtures, such.
  • Concrete mixes in the manufacture of all kinds of concrete products, e.g. artificial stones, concrete beams and the like or for deep drawing of sheet metal or plastic blanks, in particular sheet metal plates, plastic plates or the like.
  • Concrete goods are e.g. artificial stones for composite paving, curbs and bricks and the like.
  • mold elements which include a workpiece carrier, which is also called production pallet or pallet, as well as a patch on the workpiece carrier mold frame.
  • the mold frame usually has several mold cavities and is up and down - in the event that the mold frame is not placed on a workpiece carrier - opened.
  • the workpiece carrier e.g. Concrete or a concrete mixture, ie a mixture with one or more different binders, such.
  • cement, and sand, gravel and / or other additives which is liquefied by a liquid filled. So that the completion of the concrete product, especially in large-scale industrial production as quickly as possible, the concrete mix is then compressed in the mold frame.
  • bounce-compacting devices for the compression, in which by a motor-driven unbalanced shaft a striking element is vibrated which consequently acts on the workpiece carrier from below with bounce, so that the molded element by the force and / or power of the engine on and by gravity is moved down again, so that a jerky movement results.
  • a shake-and-shake of the formula element leads to the organization of the sand or gravel structure, ie of different sized grains, in the concrete mixture, so that air and fluid inclusions are pushed in the concrete mixture to the outside.
  • the mold frame of the mold element can be removed from the product produced from the mixture and the workpiece carrier.
  • the compacted concrete mix, ie the product already holds its essentially final shape through compaction.
  • the complete curing of the compacted concrete mix, ie the product, then takes place by storage on the workpiece carrier.
  • Such methods often lead to an inhomogeneous compaction of the concrete, since the impact element acts only in a certain area on the workpiece carrier and thus carried out by the weight of the concrete mixture outside the effective range deflections of the workpiece carrier. This results in vibrations of the workpiece carrier, which lead to different degrees of compression of the concrete mixture.
  • the finished concrete product therefore has an inhomogeneous quality, remain at the different sized air bubbles in the concrete products after chemical curing dehydration of the concrete mixture.
  • baffle compacting device Another disadvantage of this known baffle compacting device is that high bumps in the machine frame are caused by the bouncing under the workpiece carrier and by the falling of the workpiece carrier after lifting, which are also transmitted to the environment or environment.
  • these vibrations generate very loud noises, so that such devices, in order to be operated at all, must be used in specially sound-insulated machine halls.
  • the energy with which the vibrations as well as the noises are generated is lost in the compaction performance.
  • the vibrations in the machine frame also lead to high wear of the device and the entire machinery.
  • a device known from PCT / EP2006 / 005920 in which a compaction of the concrete mixture is carried out with hydraulic cylinders instead of a Bouncing stop compression system.
  • the device therefore carries out the up and down movements of the mold element with hydraulic cylinders.
  • such devices require complex braking devices to produce a counterforce in the compression on the concrete mixture in the form of element.
  • special hydraulic hoses for the device must be used to hold the high hydraulic fluid pressures and to ensure reliable operation of the device. These hydraulic hoses are very expensive and must be frequently replaced to ensure the reliable operation of the device.
  • an alternative to the previous solutions should be found.
  • a stamp is introduced into a mold, wherein previously between form and stamp, for example. a metal plate is arranged. It is a very reliable lubrication of the metal plate provided so that the sheet does not accumulate on the punch or the shape when inserting the punch and tears. Such lubrication is complicated and expensive to implement. Therefore, it is another object of the invention to find an improved deep drawing process.
  • the solution of the present invention is provided by a device for compacting, in particular for harmonic compacting, mineral mixtures, in particular concrete mixtures in the manufacture of concrete products, or for deep drawing, in particular sheet or plastic plates, according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 19 solved.
  • the device according to the invention has a machine frame, a machine head and a machine table, wherein the machine head and the machine table are connected to one another by at least two side elements. Furthermore, the device has a first piston-cylinder arrangement, which is connected to the machine table.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement is designed to exert lifting and lowering forces on a mineral mixture, in particular concrete mixture, fillable form element.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement serves to exert lifting and lowering forces on a shaped element on which a sheet metal or plastic blank, in particular a sheet metal or plastic plate, can be placed.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement is thus configured to receive a mold element and to move this mold element relative to the machine table.
  • the lifting and lowering forces are exerted on the mold element in such a way that the mold element can be raised and / or lowered and / or vibrated.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement is thus a raising or lowering with simultaneous vibration let the formula element or raising and / or lowering without vibrating let the formula element possible. Vibrating the forming element without lifting and lowering is also possible with the first piston / cylinder arrangement.
  • the device has a second piston-cylinder arrangement, which is connected to the machine head.
  • the second piston-and-cylinder arrangement is configured to reciprocate a plunger, which is receivable by the second piston-cylinder arrangement, relative to the machine head, such that the plunger enter into the mold element and with a Holding force can be maintained, which is equal to or greater than the maximum lifting force of the first piston-cylinder assembly.
  • the mold element which can be arranged on the first piston-cylinder arrangement, filled with mineral mixture, in particular concrete mixture, and then introduced by means of the second piston-cylinder arrangement a punch in the mold element.
  • the plunger, which is received by the second piston-cylinder assembly is then held so rigid with a holding force that rapid up and down, superimposed by a linear upward movement in the direction of the punch, the first piston-cylinder assembly to a Cause vibration and elevation of the molding element through which the mineral mixture or concrete mixture is compressed.
  • a controlled up and down movement or a controlled determination of the vertical position of the element element is thus possible with the first piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • a sheet metal or plastic blank is placed on the mold frame.
  • the lifting and vibrating of the mold frame results in the deep drawing of the blank by the stamp entering the mold element.
  • the machine table of the device consists of a cast material, e.g. Cast iron. Furthermore, the machine table has at least one pressure channel extending in its interior.
  • the pressure channel has pressure channel connections, which lead to the exterior of the machine table, so the outside of the machine table with the interior of the machine table, namely the running inside the machine table pressure channel connect.
  • the cast iron machine table is easy to manufacture and has a large mass, so that the device is safe - even during the compression process - is.
  • the or in the machine table running pressure channels can be easily in the cast material - already in the production - introduced. For this purpose, either stencils are possible during casting or such channels are drilled after casting.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement has one or more hydraulic cylinders, which are referred to below as Vibroech.
  • the hydraulic cylinders of the Vibro For example, plunger cylinders correspond.
  • the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders of the vibrating unit each have at least one pressure port, which is connected directly to one of the pressure duct connections of the machine table. Due to the direct connection of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit with the pressure channels, no additional pressure lines to the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit are required, which can burst or be damaged when exerting the lifting and / or lowering forces on the forming element.
  • the vibrating unit has, for example, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders arranged next to one another and in rows one behind the other.
  • the number of cylinders arranged next to and behind one another can be selected as large as desired.
  • the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit are inserted with their one end in positive openings, for example in holes in the machine table in each case with the diameter of one of the cylinders.
  • the cylinders have at the one end embedded in the machine table on a pressure port in the form of an opening of the cylinder.
  • a pressure channel connection Opposite the position of the pressure connection of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibro unit introduced into the machine table, there is a pressure channel connection in the form of a simple opening to the pressure channel on the part of the machine table.
  • the openings to the pressure channel and the cylinder, so the pressure channel connection and the pressure port of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibro unit are connected to each other without or with a seal, such as a copper seal or a copper ring.
  • a seal such as a copper seal or a copper ring.
  • the cylinder of the impression cylinder is connected to the machine table outside the bore by screwing, for example, with a flange attached to the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibro-unit. Inserting and securing the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit into a bore in the machine table ensures that the hydraulic cylinder can be held securely in its orientation by virtue of the external forces acting on the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the device has a plurality of hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit, which are arranged parallel to one another, in order to generate a movement in the same direction.
  • a vertical movement at least when used as intended, generated.
  • the device has one or more pressure pulse generators.
  • the pressure pulse generators serve to generate a variable, in particular sinusoidal, hydraulic fluid volume flow.
  • the hydraulic fluid e.g. in the pressure channel, may be connected to the pressure pulse generator e.g. be moved back and forth in the form of a sinusoid.
  • the reciprocating hydraulic fluid is then discharged directly into the chambers of the cylinders of the first piston-and-cylinder arrangement, e.g. the hydraulic cylinder of the vibro unit forwarded, so that a mold element can be made to vibrate.
  • Forwarded here means that the hydraulic fluid can escape through a volume flow in the direction of the cylinder of the first piston-cylinder arrangement in the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit and thus the pistons are extended and by the weight of the, in particular filled, element element at a flow in the direction of Pressure pulse generator, the pistons are retracted again.
  • the variation of the amplitudes of the hydraulic fluid flow rate is through the use of two or more pressure pulse generators, e.g. separately, in particular in the manner of a parallel connection, are connected to the pressure channel, possible.
  • this formulation does include the possibility of a strict sinusoidal (temporal) course of the hydraulic fluid volume flow, but basically a course of the hydraulic fluid flow rate is meant, comprising alternately flowing back and forth or flowing the hydraulic fluid in the pressure passage.
  • the device thus has according to one embodiment - with the components connected to the pressure channel connections and the pressure channel itself - a closed pressure system.
  • the hydraulic cylinders or plunger cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement are aligned substantially in the vertical position and connected to the pressure channel via the pressure channel connections.
  • On the hydraulic cylinders or plunger cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement acts by, for example, the, in particular filled, mold element and / or the own weight at rest, a Ge weight force, which generates a substantially constant hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure channel.
  • hydraulic fluid is alternately pressed into and withdrawn from the pressure channel by the volume pulse change in the cylinder of the pressure pulse generator, which is substantially sinusoidal.
  • a sinusoidal volume flow of the hydraulic fluid is thus generated in the pressure channel.
  • hydraulic fluid flows alternately into the hydraulic cylinder or plunger cylinder of the first piston-cylinder arrangement, so that they extend, and by the opposing force acting on the hydraulic cylinder or plunger cylinder of the first piston-cylinder arrangement, again from the hydraulic cylinders or Plunger cylinders, so that they retract again.
  • the pressure pulse generator or each of the pressure pulse generators each have a cylinder and a piston extending in the cylinder, so that a chamber in the cylinder is enlarged or reduced by the piston during the movement of the piston. The piston is moved sinusoidally back and forth.
  • the piston in the chamber generates a sinusoidal volume change, resulting in a sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow, for example, in the connected pressure channel.
  • the piston is moved, for example, with a controllable and / or adjustable frequency, for example of over 10 Hz, back and forth.
  • the frequency can be varied during the compression process, for example.
  • a sinusoidal volume change and the associated hydraulic fluid volume flow can thus be generated in a simple manner with the pressure pulse generator.
  • the cylinder and the piston of the pressure pulse generator correspond for example to a plunger cylinder.
  • the pressure pulse generator has a drive.
  • each pressure pulse generator has its own or all or several pressure pulse generators a common drive.
  • the device has a crankshaft or an eccentric for the or each of the pressure pulse generators.
  • the one or more drives is or are driven, for example, one or more electric motors.
  • the eccentric or the crankshaft is driven by the drive or the drives in such a way that the eccentric or crankshaft moves or moves the piston or pistons of the one or more pressure pulse generators. By rotating the or the eccentric or the crankshaft, the movement of the or the eccentric or the crankshaft is transmitted directly or indirectly to the or the piston.
  • the device has at least two pressure pulse generators with a common drive.
  • the pressure pulse generators have either a common crankshaft or each one driven by a drive shaft through the common drive eccentric.
  • the piston of a pressure pulse generator also has an adjusting device, in particular an actuator, so that the piston can be limited in its reciprocating motion. The maximum deflection of the piston is thus limited by the actuator at least in one direction of the possible directions of movement of the piston.
  • the pistons are in the pressure channel by the back pressure, exerted by the first piston-cylinder arrangement moved back as soon as a further rotating crankshaft or eccentric allows the piston.
  • this backward movement can be limited adjustable by the adjusting device for at least one of the pistons of one of the pressure pulse generators.
  • the device has at least two pressure pulse generators, each with its own drive. Furthermore, the device has a control.
  • the controller is used to control the drives. With the control are e.g. The speeds, ie the rotational frequency, of the drives can be set separately or concurrently. Further, the difference of the rotation angle, so the phase shift or the rotation angle difference of the two drives according to specification is adjustable.
  • Advantage of the control and thus e.g. The adjustable and thus also variable rotation angle difference is that the time course of the change in the total volume of the cylinder chambers of Druckim- pulse generators is adjustable and variable so that the amplitude of the hydraulic fluid volume flow is adjustable. The "strength" or the amplitude of the vibration is thus variable.
  • the pressure pulse generator or the pressure pulse generators each have at least one pressure pulse generator connection.
  • the pressure pulse generator connection is directly connected to one of the pressure channel Ends of the channel of the machine table, for example via a seal, in particular a copper seal or a copper ring connected.
  • the pressure pulse generator connected to the machine table is designed to generate a time-varying hydraulic fluid volume flow in the pressure channel of the machine table. So it is a hydraulic fluid in the pressure channel with the pressure pulse generator, for example in the form of a sinusoid, reciprocated. This hydraulic fluid volume flow is passed via the pressure channel directly into the chambers of the cylinder of the first piston-cylinder arrangement, for example the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit, so that a mold element can be made to vibrate.
  • the device has a parallel connection of a check valve and a shut-off valve.
  • the parallel connection of the check valve and the shut-off valve is connected directly to a pressure channel connection of the pressure channel.
  • the device comprises a check valve and a shut-off valve, which are each directly connected to a pressure channel connection of the pressure channel. Thanks to the direct connection of the parallel circuit or the check valve and the shut-off valve with the pressure channel access to the pressure channel are guaranteed to allow an increase and / or decrease, in particular a linear increase and / or decrease, the hydraulic fluid quantity in the pressure channel, during the Hydraulikillonkeitsvolumen- additionally a sinusoidal shape, which is generated by the pressure pulse generator, can follow.
  • the vibrating of the element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement or the hydraulic cylinder of the vibro-unit is therefore possible with the sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow, simultaneous lifting or lowering of the element during the vibration with the check valve and the shut-off valve is possible.
  • the device has a pressure volume source and a return tank.
  • the pressure volume source is connected via a pressure connected to the check valve and the return tank is connected via a line, such as a pressure line, with the shut-off valve.
  • a line such as a pressure line
  • An increase or increase of the element element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement is therefore possible by the shut-off valve is closed and introduced with the pressure source through the pressure line and in the passage direction through the check valve hydraulic fluid into the pressure channel of the machine table and thus the hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure channel is increased. Draining the mold element is accomplished by opening the shut-off valve and returning the hydraulic fluid through the shut-off valve to the return tank.
  • the check valve is used to high levels of hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure channel, which was caused by the vibrating of mineral mixture, in particular concrete mixture filled element or the element element, on which a sheet metal or plastic blank applied, in particular laid, occur in the pressure channels of the machine table , do not transfer to the pressure lines to the pressure source.
  • the pressure lines to the pressure source are thus less heavily loaded than the pressure channel in the machine table, so that the wear of the pressure line is reduced.
  • the second piston-cylinder arrangement has at least one holding cylinder designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement has e.g. two holding cylinders on.
  • the holding cylinders each have at least one pressure connection with a substantially ideally closing valve. This valve or these valves are e.g. to block valves in which a truncated cone extending in the flow direction is pressed into the opening through which a fluid flows, to close the opening high-density.
  • Substantially ideally closing in the present case means in particular that the valve is designed to interrupt a connection between a chamber located inside the cylinder of the holding cylinder with a pressure line such that a hydraulic fluid pressure in the chamber of the cylinder of the holding cylinder regardless of the hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure line to the holding cylinder is variable.
  • the second piston-cylinder arrangement can hold a ram with a very high holding force that has entered the forming element. This holding also takes place when the punch has a counterforce through the shaped element or in the molded part. ment located mineral mixture, in particular concrete mix, or the sheet metal or plastic blank experiences, which are generated by the lifting and lowering forces of the first piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the holding cylinders are designed to move in a vertical position when the device is used as intended, this movement being guided by guide means which allow guidance on the side elements.
  • a transverse load on the holding cylinders by a transverse force, e.g. acts on the punch is thus counteracted by the guide means.
  • guide means also serve to allow a received with the second piston-cylinder arrangement or with the holding cylinders stamp accurately in the mold box of a arranged on the first piston-cylinder assembly element element.
  • the device has a decoupling of the machine table by decoupling means, wherein these decoupling means are arranged either to the device-supporting environment and / or to a machine base of the device.
  • the decoupling takes place in particular by a gas cushion or elastically deformable plastic, so elastomers, trained decoupling agent, e.g. an air cushion, between the machine table and the device supporting environment and / or a machine base of the device.
  • the gas cushion is e.g. formed with against rolling, especially in guide grooves, hoses, which are filled with a gas and thus constitute a kind of cushion. A strong noise and a transmission of the vibration of the device to the environment or environment of the device is thus further counteracted.
  • the device has at least one pressure sensor for measuring the chamber pressure in at least one of the cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement and / or the cylinder of the second piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the device has at least one distance meter, for example a laser-supported distance meter, which is designed and arranged in this way is to measure the vertical position of a arranged on the first piston-cylinder assembly element element. In particular, this measurement is performed by measuring the distance between a part of the mold element and a fixed part of the device to which the mold element is relatively movable by the first piston-cylinder arrangement. With the pressure sensor and the distance meter, the product height and the compaction state of the mineral mixture, in particular concrete mix, can be measured and from this the product quality can be determined.
  • the device has two distance meters. With a first distance meter, the distance between the punch and the machine head and with the second distance meter, the distance between the machine head and the mold element is measured. Thus, an even more accurate compression state of the mineral mixture can be determined.
  • the device has a tensioning means.
  • the bracing means is designed to clamp the shaped element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the mold element has a vibration-transmitting workpiece carrier and a mold frame, wherein the workpiece carrier transmits the lifting and lowering forces generated by the first piston-cylinder arrangement on the mineral mixture, in particular the concrete mixture. Due to the distortion of the element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement, a harmonic up and down movement, ie an up and down movement, generated with the same or almost the same acceleration, the element of the formula, when vibrating the element element to reduce the vibrations contributes to the device.
  • the side elements each comprise a synchronizing cylinder with a piston rod, wherein the piston rod extends from the machine head to the machine table, that is connected via connecting means with the machine head and the machine table.
  • the tensioning means is formed with the synchronizing cylinders or with the cylinders of the synchronizing cylinders, in that the cylinders of the synchronizing cylinders have receiving means for receiving the element, in particular the form frame of the element. A simple clamping of the formula element by along the side elements traversing cylinder is thus possible.
  • the bracing means has at least one pressure line for supplying at least one chamber of each synchronizing cylinder a hydraulic fluid pressure.
  • the bracing means further comprises a pressure volume accumulator, which is interposed or integrated into the at least one pressure line.
  • the tensioning means with the constant velocity cylinders form an elastic strain of the element.
  • the elastic clamping takes place since hydraulic fluid in the interior of the chambers of the synchronizing cylinders can escape into the pressure-volume accumulator with the corresponding counter-pressure, for example when lifting the element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement. If the back pressure is reduced, the hydraulic fluid flows back into the chambers.
  • the bracing thus enables a firm hold of the element, ie the mold frame and the workpiece carrier, on the first piston-cylinder arrangement, wherein at the same time lifting and lowering the first piston-cylinder arrangement or lifting and / or lowering and / or Vibrate the formula element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement is possible.
  • the receiving means on guide openings, in which a collar of a mold frame is inserted horizontally.
  • the mold frame accordingly has a collar which is in particular circumferential around the mold frame. This collar is laterally in the receiving means, namely the guide openings inserted.
  • the receiving means according to a further embodiment on Formrahmenverspannstoff. These serve to clamp the mold frame with its collar fixed, in particular in the horizontal direction, substantially immovable to the receiving means.
  • these are as cylinders, z. B. plunger cylinder, in particular hydraulic cylinder and / or pneumatic cylinder, are formed, and are arranged on the underside of the guide opening, so raised by extending the cylinder of the mold frame in the guide opening and pressed against the upper portion of the guide opening.
  • these are magnetic tensioning means and comprise, for. B. a permanent magnet whose magnetic attraction can be interrupted by electrical control.
  • the magnetic clamping means are arranged on the upper side in the guide opening, so that the metallic collar is attracted by the magnetic tensioning means and then released again when the magnetic force is switched off.
  • the collar of the mold frame and the guide openings on opposite ridges and recesses the art a form-fitting interlocking groove-spring connection when the mold frame is fixed with the Formrahmenverspannstoff.
  • the elevations and recesses as well as the mold frame tensioning means serve for the substantially immovable position of the mold frame in relation to the holding means in the horizontal direction.
  • Fig. 2 shows a pulse generator according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows the course of a production cycle of concrete products with an exemplary embodiment of the device.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in particular for harmonic compression of mineral mixtures, in particular concrete mixtures in the production of concrete goods of all kinds.
  • the apparatus comprises a machine frame 10 with a machine head 12, a machine table 14 and two side members 16a, 16b, the the machine head 12 and the machine table 14 connect to each other.
  • the side members 16a, 16b comprise two synchronizing cylinders 17a, 17b with pistons 18a, 18b extending from the machine head 12 to the machine base 14.
  • the synchronizing cylinders 17a, 17b each have a cylinder 20a, 20b.
  • the cylinders 20a, 20b are movable on the piston 18a, 18b in the vertical direction.
  • the synchronizing cylinder receiving means 22a, 22b On the cylinders 20a, 20b of the synchronizing cylinder receiving means 22a, 22b are fixed, which can be moved up and down together with the cylinders 20a, 20b.
  • the receiving means 22a, 22b have aligned guide openings 23a, 23b.
  • the receiving means serve 22a, 22b for receiving a mold frame 24, wherein the mold frame 24 one at least two opposite sides or a circumferential collar 25 which is inserted into the guide openings 23 a, 23 b.
  • a circumferential collar 25 has the advantage that the mold frame 24 has a much higher rigidity and thus is much longer lasting. Further, the receiving means 22a, 22b, not shown Formrahmenverspannstoff to firmly clamp the mold frame 24, in particular in the horizontal direction substantially immovable, to the receiving means 22a, 22b.
  • the mold frame bracing means are magnetic bracing means.
  • the magnetic tensioning means comprise, for. B. a permanent magnet whose magnetic attraction can be interrupted by electrical control. The magnet is then arranged on the upper side of the guide opening 23a, 23b and pulls the collar of the mold frame 24 up against the guide openings 23a, 23b or the walling of the guide openings 23a, 23b of the receiving means 22a in the non-deactivated state, namely the magnetic state. 22b.
  • the collar 25 on its top and the conversion in the region of the guide openings 23a, 23b on the side facing the top of the collar side elevations and recesses, which positively engage in the manner of a tongue and groove connection, as soon as the Form frame 24 is fixed with the Formrahmenverspannstoffn.
  • the elevations and recesses are not shown.
  • the elevations and recesses serve for substantially immovable posture of the mold frame 24 with respect to the receiving means 22a, 22b in the horizontal direction.
  • a defined machine center can be produced, so that the mold frame 24 and punch can always be arranged in a mutually defined position.
  • the synchronizing cylinders 17a, 17b and the receiving means 22a, 22b components of a further tensioning means whose function will be explained in more detail later.
  • the device has a machine base 26, which is arranged under the machine table 14 and decoupling means 28, which serve for decoupling of the machine table 14 to the machine base 26.
  • the decoupling means 28 are e.g. hoses filled with a gas cushion.
  • the machine table 14 has a channel or pressure channel 30 which runs in the machine table 14.
  • the pressure channel 30 has pressure channel connections 32a-d, which connect the pressure channel 30 with the surroundings of the machine table 14.
  • the pressure port 32 a is connected to a check valve 34, and the pressure port 32 b is connected to a check valve 36.
  • the pressure channel connection 32c is connected to a recessed into the machine base 26 cylinder of a designed as a hydraulic cylinder 38 Vibrotician.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 38 of the vibrating unit is part of a first piston-cylinder arrangement 39, which has a plurality of parallel hydraulic cylinders 38, which are extendable in the vertical direction and thereby continuously on or can lift a workpiece carrier 42 in the vertical direction, or the workpiece carrier 42 can vibrate.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 of the first piston-cylinder arrangement 39 are all connected directly to the pressure channel 30.
  • Such a direct connection of the pressure channel 30 with the hydraulic cylinders 38 is shown only for the pressure channel connection 32c in section.
  • the further hydraulic cylinders 38 are shown only with their area projecting beyond the surface of the machine table 14.
  • a pressure pulse generator 40 is connected directly to the pressure channel 30 via the pressure channel connection 32d. The pressure pulse generator 40 generates a sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow in the pressure channel 30 for vibrating the workpiece carrier 42 with the first piston-cylinder arrangement 39.
  • the device has a second piston-cylinder arrangement 44.
  • This second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 comprises two holding cylinders 46a, 46b, wherein the holding cylinders 46a, 46b each have a cylinder 48a, 48b with a piston 50a, 50b and a pressure port 52a, 52b.
  • the pressure ports 52a, 52b are disposed directly on the cylinder of the retaining cylinders 46a, 46b and include an unillustrated ideal closing valve.
  • the valve serves to connect a chamber 48a, 48b lying in the chamber with a pressure line, not shown, and to the connection to interrupt such that a hydraulic fluid pressure in the chamber is variable independently of the hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure line.
  • the second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 has guide means 54a-c, by means of which the movement of the holding cylinders is guided on the side elements.
  • the second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 has a further receptacle 56 for receiving a punch 58.
  • FIG. 1 has a distance meter 59, with which the distance between the machine head 12 and the mold frame 24 can be determined by means of a laser beam which passes through a bore in the guide means 54c.
  • the compression state of a mineral mixture, in particular a concrete mixture, in the mold element comprising the mold frame 24 and the workpiece carrier 42 determined by measured values on the basis of empirical values in a compression process. A compaction process as well as the operation of the features illustrated in FIG. 1 will be explained in more detail later in FIGS. 3-7.
  • Fig. 2 shows the pressure pulse generator 40 of Fig. 1 in more detail.
  • the pressure pulse generator 40 has a piston 60, which is oscillated in a cylinder 62 to and fro.
  • hydraulic fluid can be drawn into a chamber 66 and pushed out through an opening 64, which here corresponds at the same time to a pressure connection 64.
  • the piston 60 is reciprocated with an eccentric 68, which is moved by an axis 70 of an electric drive, oscillating.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 which are similar to the reference numerals in FIG. 1, are also similar to the corresponding features.
  • Fig. 3 shows the workpiece carrier 42 in a lower position.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 are completely retracted into the machine table 14 for this purpose.
  • the workpiece carrier 42 rests on piston bridges 72 with wearing strips 74.
  • the mold frame 24 and the punch 58 are lifted by the second piston-cylinder assembly 44 and the upwardly moving cylinder 20a, 20b of the synchronizing cylinders 17a, 17b upwards.
  • This distortion is elastic, since the pressure line, which serves to supply the cylinders 20a, 20b with a hydraulic fluid pressure, is interposed by a pressure volume accumulator (not shown), in particular compressed gas volume accumulator.
  • the apparatus shown in Fig. 4 now shows a state in the compression, in which a mineral mixture, in particular a concrete mixture is introduced from above into the mold frame 24.
  • 5 then represents a lowering of the forming punch 58 into the mold frame 24.
  • the forming punch 58 is thereby moved downward from the second piston-and-cylinder arrangement 44 to the position shown, and in the illustrated position in FIG. 5 the valves 52 a, 52b closed.
  • the forming die 58 is thus held precisely in position with a high holding force.
  • Fig. 6 it is shown that the Vibroü or the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit 38 are further extended with respect to the previous figures.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 are for this purpose filled with a hydraulic fluid which is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders 38 via the pressure channel 30.
  • the pressure of the hydraulic fluid is linearly increased via the pressure port 32a with the check valve 34 by pushing hydraulic fluid into the pressure passage 30 from a pressure source.
  • the pressure pulse generator 40 generates a sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow which is superimposed on the linearly increasing pressure by the pressure port 32a.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 are sinusoidally extended and retracted, this extension and retraction is a linear extension superimposed and thus the workpiece carrier 42 which is arranged on the hydraulic cylinders 38, is lifted with a vibrating motion. Due to the tension with the receiving means 22a, 22b, the mold frame 24 and the cylinders 20a, 20b are also lifted in this upward movement of the workpiece carrier 42.
  • the device has two pressure pulse generators 40, each having a drive connected to a control.
  • the pressure pulse generators 40 are both each with their pressure im- Pulsgeneratoran gleich connected to a pressure channel connection of the pressure channel 30.
  • the control of the drives of the pressure pulse generators 40 are controlled such that in particular an adjustable constant speed difference of the pressure pulse generators 40 can be realized.
  • an adjustment of the amplitude of the hydraulic fluid volume flow is then possible.
  • the "vibration intensity" or the amplitude is thus additionally variable in order to obtain an even better compaction.
  • the hydraulic cylinder pressure is measured with the pressure sensors in the cylinders 48a, 48b of the holding cylinder 46a, 46b, and the distance between the machine head 12 and the mold frame 24 is measured with the distance meter 59 in order to increase the compression of the mineral mixture or of the concrete mixture determine.
  • the product quality can thus be automatically determined for each product cycle with regard to the product compression and the product height, in particular with a computer program, and the determined length and pressure measurements in connection with the data of the product molding tools.
  • the product manufacturing program can be automatically optimized for the next cycle to minimize product waste.
  • the now formed and compacted mineral mixture or compacted concrete mixture or product 76 retains its shape and dimensional stability even without the mold frame 24 on the workpiece carrier 42.
  • the e.g. designed as a block valves valves 52a, 52b of the holding cylinder 46a, 46b dissolved and lifted with the second piston-cylinder assembly 44 of the punch 58.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 were retracted by releasing the pressure in the pressure channel via the valve 36 and the product shape or the mold frame 24 by loosening the tension (by driving up the cylinder 20a, 20b to the piston 18a, 18b) solved.
  • the compacted mineral mixture or compacted concrete mixture or product 76 can now be removed together with the workpiece carrier 42 from the device for further curing or chemical bonding.
  • the compression process can then be repeated for a new amount of mineral mixture or concrete mix.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de compactage, servant en particulier au compactage harmonique de mélanges minéraux, en particulier de mélanges de béton pour la fabrication d'articles en béton de toutes sortes, ou à l'emboutissage. A cet effet, l'invention comprend un bâti de machine (10) pourvu d'une tête de machine (12), d'une table de machine (14) et d'au moins deux éléments latéraux (16a, 16b) reliant la tête de machine (12) et la table de machine (14). Un premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39) relié à la table de machine (14) est réalisé de manière à exercer des forces de levage et d'abaissement sur un élément façonné (42, 24) pouvant être rempli d'un mélange minéral, en particulier d'un mélange de béton, ou sur un élément façonné, sur lequel une ébauche en tôle ou en matière plastique peut être posée, et afin d'amener l'élément façonné (42, 24) à être levé et/ou abaissé et/ou à vibrer. Un deuxième ensemble piston-cylindre (44) relié à la tête de machine (12) est réalisé de manière à maintenir un poinçon (58) pouvant pénétrer dans l'élément façonné (42, 24) avec une force de maintien qui est supérieure ou égale à la force de levage maximale du premier ensemble piston-cylindre. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de compactage ou d'emboutissage mis en œuvre à l'aide du dispositif.
EP15701709.6A 2014-01-14 2015-01-14 Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique Active EP3094480B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202014000162.6U DE202014000162U1 (de) 2014-01-14 2014-01-14 Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Mineralgemischen
DE202014000704.7U DE202014000704U1 (de) 2014-01-20 2014-01-20 Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Mineralgemischen
PCT/EP2015/050597 WO2015107082A1 (fr) 2014-01-14 2015-01-14 Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3094480A1 true EP3094480A1 (fr) 2016-11-23
EP3094480C0 EP3094480C0 (fr) 2023-07-12
EP3094480B1 EP3094480B1 (fr) 2023-07-12

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EP15701709.6A Active EP3094480B1 (fr) 2014-01-14 2015-01-14 Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique

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EP (1) EP3094480B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015107082A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016110623B4 (de) * 2016-06-09 2021-05-27 Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh Hydraulische Pressmaschine mit Pulsatoren
CN110978212B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-08-27 苏州侪联景观工程有限公司 装饰夯土板及其制作方法
CN117921827A (zh) * 2024-03-22 2024-04-26 山东纳诺新材料科技有限公司 一种基于矿物铸件的机械底座生产用成型装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4143683B4 (de) * 1991-01-06 2006-03-09 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Hydroelastische Tiefzieheinrichtung
US5419169A (en) * 1992-04-07 1995-05-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for adjusting press operating conditions depending upon dies used
US5755129A (en) * 1995-05-10 1998-05-26 Nkk Corporation Press-forming method of a sheet and apparatus therefor
IT1294942B1 (it) * 1997-08-01 1999-04-23 Sacmi Procedimento di pressatura di polveri ceramiche ed attrezzatura di attuazione dello stesso.
DE10039028A1 (de) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-21 Gedib Ingbuero Innovation Verfahren und Vorrichtung für ein Verdichtungssystem
DE112006003929A5 (de) * 2006-06-21 2009-04-30 Harald Winkler Anlage und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Betonwaren

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2015107082A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3094480C0 (fr) 2023-07-12
EP3094480B1 (fr) 2023-07-12
WO2015107082A1 (fr) 2015-07-23

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