WO2006106783A1 - ポリオレフィン微多孔膜及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリオレフィン微多孔膜及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006106783A1 WO2006106783A1 PCT/JP2006/306569 JP2006306569W WO2006106783A1 WO 2006106783 A1 WO2006106783 A1 WO 2006106783A1 JP 2006306569 W JP2006306569 W JP 2006306569W WO 2006106783 A1 WO2006106783 A1 WO 2006106783A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stretching
- temperature
- film
- microporous membrane
- polyolefin
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 66
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 66
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYABEHYRTOCOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one Chemical group CCCC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O GYABEHYRTOCOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOWAEIGWURALJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexyl phthalate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)OC2CCCCC2)C=1C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 VOWAEIGWURALJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011899 heat drying method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/005—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0023—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
- B01D67/0025—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by mechanical treatment, e.g. pore-stretching
- B01D67/0027—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by mechanical treatment, e.g. pore-stretching by stretching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
- B01D2325/0283—Pore size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/20—Specific permeability or cut-off range
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
- B29K2023/0608—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its density
- B29K2023/0641—MDPE, i.e. medium density polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/24496—Foamed or cellular component
- Y10T428/24504—Component comprises a polymer [e.g., rubber, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyolefin microporous membrane and a method for producing the same, and particularly has a large pore size.
- the present invention relates to a polyolefin microporous membrane excellent in air permeability, compression resistance and mechanical strength, and useful as a battery separator and various filters, and a method for producing the same.
- Polyethylene microporous membranes are used in various applications such as battery separators, electrolytic capacitor membranes, various filters, moisture-permeable waterproof clothing, reverse osmosis filtration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, and microfiltration membranes.
- battery separators particularly a lithium ion battery separator
- its performance is closely related to battery characteristics, battery productivity, and battery safety. Therefore, excellent permeability, mechanical properties, heat shrinkage, shutdown properties, meltdown properties, etc. are required.
- the present applicant contains 1% by mass or more of ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin having a mass average molecular weight of 7 ⁇ 10 5 or more as a polyolefin microporous membrane having a moderately sized pore diameter and sharp pore size distribution, It consists of polyolefin with a molecular weight distribution (mass average molecular weight Z number average molecular weight) of 10-300, porosity of 35-95%, average through-hole diameter of 0.05-0.2 / ⁇ ⁇ , and 15 mm wide breaking strength A polyolefin microporous membrane having a pore size distribution (maximum pore size Z average through-hole size) of 1.5 or less was proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
- the above-mentioned polyolefin and a film-forming solvent are melt-kneaded, and the resulting melt-kneaded product is extruded from a die and cooled to form a gel-like molded product.
- the gel-like molded product is stretched at least in the uniaxial direction at a temperature not lower than the crystal dispersion temperature of the above-mentioned polyolefin and not higher than the melting point + 10 ° C., and the obtained stretched product force is removed, and the solvent for film formation is removed and the temperature above the crystal dispersion temperature of the above-mentioned polyolefin.
- a method was proposed in which the film was heat-set at a temperature of ⁇ melting point or less and then stretched again in at least uniaxial direction at a melting point of 10 ° C. or less.
- the present applicant also has a fine fibril force composed of polyolefin A having a Mw of 5 ⁇ 10 5 or more or a polyolefin composition B containing the same as a microporous membrane having excellent permeability, and an average pore size is 0.05.
- a splitting force of a crystalline lamella having an angle ⁇ of 80 to 100 degrees with respect to the membrane surface of ⁇ 5 / zm was proposed.
- a polyolefin microporous membrane having a cross section in the machine direction and width direction of 40% or more (WO 2000/20492). ) o the production method of the microporous membrane, and the port Riorefuin a or polyolefin yarn ⁇ product B 10 to 50 weight 0/0, a solution consisting of membrane-forming solvent from 50 to 90 weight 0/0 After extruding from a die and cooling to form a gel-like molded article, the obtained gel-like molded article is stretched as necessary, and then the crystal dispersion temperature of polyolefin A or polyolefin composition B to melting point + 30 ° C Heat fixation treatment in the following temperature range And proposed a method to remove the solvent.
- microporous membrane described in JP-A-6-240036 and WO 2000Z20492 has a strength that is not sufficient in compression resistance.
- the microporous membrane has poor compression characteristics, and when used as a battery separator, there is a high risk of battery capacity shortage (cycle characteristics deterioration)!
- an object of the present invention is to provide a polyolefin microporous membrane having a large pore diameter and excellent in air permeability, mechanical strength and compression resistance, and a method for producing the same. Means for solving the problem
- the inventors of the present invention have drawn a gel-like molded article containing polyolefin and a film-forming solvent at least in a uniaxial direction, heat-set, and used the film-forming solvent. After removal, the obtained stretched product after removing the solvent is stretched again in at least uniaxial direction. As a result, the inventors have found that a polyolefin microporous film having a large pore diameter and excellent air permeability, mechanical strength and compression resistance can be obtained, and the present invention has been conceived.
- the polyolefin microporous membrane of the present invention has an air permeability of 30 to 400 seconds / 100 cm / 20 ⁇ m, a porosity of 25 to 80%, and an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 1.0 ⁇ m, the rate of change in film thickness after heating and compression at 90 ° C for 5 minutes under a pressure of 2.2 MPa is 15% or more, and the air permeability after the heating and compression is 700 seconds or less Z100 c ZSO / zm It is characterized by being.
- the film thickness change rate is preferably 20% or more.
- the air permeability after the heat compression is preferably 600 seconds Z100 c ⁇ / 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the method for producing a polyolefin microporous membrane of the present invention melts and kneads polyolefin and a film-forming solvent, and extrudes the obtained melt-kneaded product from a die and cools it to form a gel-like molded product.
- the obtained gel-like molded product is subjected to a first stretching in at least a uniaxial direction, heat-set within a temperature range of the polyolefin crystal dispersion temperature to the melting point, and the film-forming solvent is added. It removes and the 2nd extending
- the second stretching ratio is preferably 1.1 to 2.5 times in the direction of the stretching axis.
- the temperature of the second stretching it is preferable to set the temperature of the second stretching to be not less than the crystal dispersion temperature of the polyolefin and not more than the crystal dispersion temperature + 40 ° C.
- the stretching may be performed at two different temperatures, the temperature of the subsequent stage being higher than the temperature of the preceding stage. It is preferable that the temperature of the heat setting treatment is equal to or higher than the temperature of the first stretching. It is preferable to heat-set again after the second stretching.
- the polyolefin microporous membrane of the present invention is excellent in air permeability, mechanical strength, and compression resistance with a large pore diameter. Therefore, when the microporous membrane of the present invention is used as a battery separator, remarkably excellent cycle characteristics and electrolyte injection properties are obtained, and the battery life and productivity are improved. Moreover, the filter comprising the microporous membrane of the present invention is excellent in particle removal performance while being additive-free.
- the method for producing a polyolefin microporous membrane of the present invention it is possible to increase the pore size and to provide resistance. Compressibility can be improved.
- the pore diameter can be adjusted by selecting the redrawing ratio, so that the particle removal performance when the microporous membrane is used as a filter can be easily adjusted.
- Polyolefin (PO) may be a single composition or a composition having two or more PO forces.
- the weight average molecular weight of PO is not particularly limited, it is usually 1 X 10 4 ⁇ 1 X 10 7 , good Mashiku is 1 X 10 4 ⁇ 15 X 10 6 , more preferably 1 X 10 5 it is a ⁇ 5 X 10 6.
- PO preferably contains polyethylene (PE)! /.
- PE include ultra high molecular weight PE (UHMWP E), high density PE (HDPE), medium density PE (MDPE), and low density PE (LDPE). These PEs may be not only ethylene homopolymers but also copolymers containing small amounts of other ⁇ -olefins. As ⁇ -olefins other than ethylene, propylene, butene-1, hexene-1, pentene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, otaten, butyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, styrene and the like are suitable.
- the cocoon may be a single substance, but is preferably a composition comprising two or more kinds of cocoons.
- a composition a composition of two or more UHMWPEs having different Mw, a composition of similar HDPEs, a composition of similar MDPEs, or a composition of similar LDPEs may be used.
- a mixed composition of two or more PEs selected from the group consisting of UHMWPE, HDPE, MDPE and LDPE may be used.
- the PE composition is preferably a PE composition comprising UHMWPE having an Mw force X 10 5 or more and PE having an Mw of 1 X 10 4 or more to less than 5 X 10 5 .
- UHMWPE Mw is preferably in the range of 5 X 10 5 to 1 X 10 7 , more preferably in the range of 1 X 10 6 to 15 X 10 6 , 1 X 10 6 to 5 particularly preferably in the range of X 10 6.
- any of HDPE, MDPE and LDPE can be used, and HD PE is particularly preferable.
- PEs having different Mw may be used as PEs having Mw of 1 ⁇ 10 4 or more and less than 5 ⁇ 10 5, or two or more types having different densities may be used.
- the upper limit of the Mw of the PE composition 15 ⁇ 10 6 or less melt extrusion can be facilitated.
- the content of UHMWPE in the PE composition is at least 1% by mass with 100% by mass of the entire PE composition. It is more preferable that it is in the range of 10 to 80% by mass.
- the ratio of PO Mw to number average molecular weight (Mn) MwZMn is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 to 300, but in the range of 10 to 100 Is more preferable.
- MwZMn is less than 5, the high molecular weight component is too much to extrude the PO solution, and when MwZMn is more than 300, the low molecular weight component is too much and the resulting microporous film has low strength.
- MwZMn is used as a measure of molecular weight distribution. The larger this value, the wider the molecular weight distribution.
- MwZMn shows the spread of its molecular weight distribution, and the larger the value, the wider the molecular weight distribution.
- the MwZMn of a single PO can be appropriately adjusted by preparing PO by multistage polymerization.
- the multi-stage polymerization method is preferably a two-stage polymerization in which a high molecular weight component is polymerized in the first stage and a low molecular weight component is polymerized in the second stage.
- PO is a composition
- the MwZMn of the PO composition can be adjusted as appropriate by adjusting the molecular weight and mixing ratio of each component.
- PO may contain polypropylene (PP) together with PE in order to improve the meltdown temperature and improve the high-temperature storage characteristics of the battery.
- PP polypropylene
- the Mw of PP is preferably in the range of 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 4 ⁇ 10 6 .
- ⁇ -olefin-containing block copolymers and Z or random copolymers can also be used.
- Other ⁇ -olefins are preferably ethylene.
- the amount of soot added is preferably 80 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the entire soot composition ( ⁇ + ⁇ ).
- the bag may include a bag that provides a shutdown function.
- LDPE can be used as a trap for providing the shutdown function.
- LDPE includes branched LDPE, linear LDPE (LLDPE), ethylene Z ⁇ -olefin copolymers made with single site catalysts, and low Mw in the range of 1 X 10 3 to 4 X 10 3
- LLDPE linear LDPE
- ethylene Z ⁇ -olefin copolymers made with single site catalysts low Mw in the range of 1 X 10 3 to 4 X 10 3
- At least one type of group power that has a molecular weight and PE strength is preferred.
- the amount of added force is preferably 20 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the entire PO. When this amount is too large, breakage easily occurs during stretching.
- the PE composition containing the above-mentioned UHMWPE has, as an optional component, a polybutene-1 having an Mw in the range of 1 X 10 4 to 4 X 10 6 and an Mw in the range of 1 X 10 3 to 4 X 10 4 PE wax and group power consisting of an ethylene Z-olefin copolymer having an Mw in the range of 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 4 ⁇ 10 6 may be added with at least one selected PO.
- the amount of addition of these optional components is preferably 20 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the entire PO composition.
- the method for producing a PO microporous membrane of the present invention includes: (1) a step of adding a film-forming solvent to the PO and then melt-kneading to prepare a PO solution; (2) after extruding the PO solution from a die lip A step of cooling to form a gel-like molded product, (3) a step of subjecting the gel-like molded product to first stretching in at least a uniaxial direction, (4) a step of heat-setting, (5) for film formation A step of removing the solvent; (6) a step of drying the obtained film; and (7) a step of subjecting the dried film to second stretching in at least a uniaxial direction. Further, after the steps (1) to), if necessary, (8) heat treatment step, (9) cross-linking treatment step by ionizing radiation, (10) hydrophilization treatment step, (11) surface coating treatment step, etc. May be provided.
- a suitable film-forming solvent is added to PO and then melt-kneaded to prepare a PO solution.
- various additives such as anti-oxidation agents, ultraviolet absorbers, anti-blocking agents, pigments, dyes, and inorganic fillers may be added to the PO solution in a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. it can.
- finely divided silicic acid can be added as a pore forming agent.
- a liquid solvent and a solid solvent can be used as a film-forming solvent.
- the liquid solvent include nonane, decane, decalin, paraxylene, undecane, dodecane, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, and mineral oil fractions having boiling points corresponding to these.
- a non-volatile liquid solvent such as liquid paraffin.
- Solid solvents having a melting point of 80 ° C. or lower are preferred. Examples of such solid solvents include paraffin wax, seryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, dicyclohexyl phthalate and the like.
- a liquid solvent and a solid solvent may be used in combination.
- the viscosity of the liquid solvent is preferably in the range of 30 to 500 cSt at a temperature of 25 ° C. More preferably, it is in the range of 50 to 200 cSt. If this viscosity is less than 30 cSt, the discharge of the PO solution from the die lip is uneven and kneading is difficult. On the other hand, if it exceeds 500 cSt, it is difficult to remove the liquid solvent.
- the melt-kneading method is not particularly limited, but a method of uniformly kneading in an extruder is preferable.
- the melting temperature is preferably in the range of the melting point of PO + 10 ° C to + 100 ° C. Specifically, the melting temperature is preferably in the range of 140 to 250 ° C, more preferably in the range of 170 to 240 ° C.
- the melting point was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) based on JIS K7121.
- the film-forming solvent may be added before the start of kneading, or the intermediate force of the extruder may be added during the kneading, but the latter is preferred. In the melt-kneading, it is preferable to add an anti-oxidation agent in order to prevent the oxidation of PO.
- the blending ratio of PO and the film-forming solvent is PO power of 50 to 50% by mass, preferably 20 to 40% by mass, where the total of both is 100% by mass. If the proportion of PO is less than 1% by mass, the swell and neck-in will increase at the outlet of the die when the PO solution is extruded, and the moldability and self-supporting property of the gel-like molded product will deteriorate. On the other hand, when the proportion of PO exceeds 50% by mass, the moldability of the gel-like molded product decreases.
- the die lip a sheet die lip having a rectangular base shape is usually used, but a double cylindrical hollow die lip, an inflation die lip, or the like can also be used.
- the gap is usually in the range of 0.1 to 5 mm, and is heated to a temperature of 140 to 250 ° C. during extrusion.
- the extrusion rate of the heated solution is preferably within a range of 0.2 to 15 mZ.
- a gel-like molded product is formed by cooling the solution which has also extruded the die lip force in this way. Cooling is preferably performed at a rate of at least 50 ° CZ min. By performing such cooling, a structure in which the PO phase is microphase-separated by the film-forming solvent (a gel structure composed of the PO phase and the film-forming solvent phase) can be fixed. Cooling to 25 ° C or less Preferably it is done. Generally, when the cooling rate is slowed down, the pseudo cell unit becomes large, and the higher-order structure of the resulting gel-like molded product becomes rough, but when the cooling rate is fast, it becomes a dense cell unit.
- the cooling rate is less than 50 ° CZ, the degree of crystallinity increases and it is difficult to obtain a gel-like product suitable for stretching.
- a cooling method a method of contacting with a cooling medium such as cold air or cooling water, a method of contacting with a cooling roll, or the like can be used.
- the obtained sheet-like gel-like molded product is stretched at least in a uniaxial direction. Stretching causes cleavage between PO crystal lamellae, making the PO phase finer and forming a large number of fibrils. The resulting fibrils form a three-dimensional network structure (three-dimensional irregularly connected network structure). Since the gel-like molded product contains a film-forming solvent, it can be stretched uniformly.
- the first stretching can be carried out at a predetermined magnification by heating the gel-like molded product and then using a normal tenter method, roll method, inflation method, rolling method, or a combination of these methods.
- the first stretching may be uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching, but biaxial stretching is preferred. In the case of biaxial stretching, although simultaneous biaxial stretching or sequential stretching may be shifted, it is preferable to perform simultaneous biaxial stretching, which further improves the balance of physical properties.
- the draw ratio varies depending on the thickness of the gel-like molded product, it is preferably 2 to 3 times or more in uniaxial stretching, and more preferably 3 to 30 times.
- biaxial stretching in order to improve the puncture strength, it is preferable to make at least 3 times or more in any direction, that is, 9 times or more in area magnification. If the area magnification is less than 9 times, stretching is insufficient and a highly elastic and high strength PO microporous membrane cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the area magnification exceeds 400 times, there will be restrictions in terms of stretching equipment and stretching operations.
- the temperature of the first stretching is preferably within the range of the crystal dispersion temperature of PO to the crystal dispersion temperature + 30 ° C or less, preferably the crystal dispersion temperature + 10 ° C or more to the crystal dispersion temperature + 25 ° More preferably, it is within the range of C or less.
- the stretching temperature is higher than the crystal dispersion temperature + 30 ° C., the orientation of the molecular chain after stretching deteriorates.
- the temperature is lower than the crystal dispersion temperature, the softening of the resin is insufficient, and the film is broken by stretching and cannot be stretched immediately at high magnification.
- the crystal dispersion temperature was determined by measuring temperature characteristics of dynamic viscoelasticity based on ASTM D 4065. When PE is used as PO, the crystal dispersion temperature is generally 90-100 ° C. So when PO also has PE power
- the stretching temperature is usually in the range of 90 to 130 ° C, preferably in the range of 100 to 125 ° C.
- multi-stage stretching at different temperatures may be performed.
- the temperature of the latter stage being higher than the temperature of the former stage, so that the lamella layer becomes uniform.
- the difference in the stretching temperature between the former stage and the latter stage is 5 ° C or more.
- the temperature When raising the temperature of the membrane from the previous stage to the latter stage, (a) the temperature may be raised while continuing the stretching, or (b) the stretching is stopped while the temperature is raised, and after reaching a predetermined temperature, the latter stage is stretched. It may start, but the former (a) is preferred. In any case, it is preferable to rapidly heat at the time of temperature rise. Specifically, it is preferable to heat at a temperature rising rate of o. Cz seconds or more. It is more preferable to heat at a temperature rising rate of 1 to 5 ° CZ seconds. Needless to say, the stretching temperature and the total stretching ratio in the former stage and the latter stage are within the above ranges, respectively.
- a temperature distribution may be provided in the film thickness direction and the film may be stretched to obtain a PO microporous film having excellent single-layer mechanical strength.
- the method for example, the method disclosed in JP-A-7-188440 can be used.
- the film subjected to the first stretching is heat-set.
- the heat fixation treatment stabilizes the film crystal and makes the lamella layer uniform. Therefore, the network structure having fibril force formed by the first stretching is stabilized, and a microporous film having a large pore diameter and excellent strength can be produced by the subsequent solvent removal treatment for film formation.
- the stretched gel-like molded product is heat-set in a state containing a film-forming solvent, compared to the case where the film-forming solvent is removed from the stretched gel-like molded product and then heat-set. Improves compression resistance.
- the heat setting treatment is performed by a tenter method, a roll method or a rolling method.
- the heat setting treatment temperature is in the temperature range from the crystal dispersion temperature of the PO constituting the microporous membrane to the melting point. It is preferable that the heat setting treatment temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature of the first stretching, thereby further improving the effect of homogenizing the lamella layer. As a result, a change to a higher-order structure having a large pore diameter and high permeability progresses further.
- the heat setting temperature is the highest stretching temperature among the multi-stage stretching temperatures. The above is preferable.
- a cleaning solvent is used to remove (clean) the film-forming solvent. Since the PO phase is phase-separated from the film-forming solvent, a porous film can be obtained by removing the film-forming solvent. Washing solvents are known, for example, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride and tetrasalt carbon; hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane and heptane; fluorinated hydrocarbons such as trifluorinated tan; jetyl Ethers such as ether and dioxane; and readily volatile solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone.
- a cleaning solvent having a surface tension of 24 mN / m or less at 25 ° C. disclosed in JP-A-2002-256099 can be used. When a cleaning solvent having such a surface tension is used, the shrinkage of the network caused by the tension at the gas-liquid interface inside the micropores during drying to remove the cleaning solvent is suppressed.
- the washing can be performed by a method of immersing the film after the heat setting treatment in a washing solvent, a method of showering the washing solvent on the film after the heat setting treatment, or a combination thereof.
- the washing solvent is preferably used in an amount of 300 to 30,000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the membrane.
- the washing temperature is usually 15 to 30 ° C.
- the temperature of the heat washing is preferably 80 ° C or lower.
- Cleaning is preferably performed until the remaining film-forming solvent is less than 1% by mass based on the amount added! /.
- the film obtained by stretching and removing the solvent for film formation is dried by a heat drying method, an air drying method or the like.
- the drying temperature is preferably a temperature lower than the crystal dispersion temperature of PO, particularly 5 ° C lower than the crystal dispersion temperature!
- the content of the cleaning solvent remaining in the microporous membrane by the drying treatment is preferably 3 mass% or less, preferably 5 mass% or less, with the film mass after the drying treatment being 100 mass%. It is more preferable. If the drying is insufficient and a large amount of the washing solvent remains in the film, it is preferable because the porosity decreases in the second stretching step and the permeability deteriorates.
- the dried film is stretched again in at least a uniaxial direction.
- the second stretching can be carried out by the tenter method or the like in the same manner as the first stretching while heating the film.
- Second stretch is uniaxial Stretching or biaxial stretching may be used. In the case of biaxial stretching, either simultaneous biaxial stretching or sequential stretching may be used, but simultaneous biaxial stretching is preferred.
- the magnification of the second stretching is preferably 1.1 to 2.5 times in the stretching axis direction.
- it should be 1.1 to 2.5 times in the longitudinal direction (machine direction; MD direction) or lateral direction (width direction; TD direction).
- MD direction longitudinal direction
- TD direction width direction
- biaxial stretching it should be 1.1 to 2.5 times in the MD and TD directions.
- each stretching ratio in the MD direction and the TD direction may be different from each other in the MD direction and the TD direction as long as it is 1.1 to 2.5 times, but is preferably the same.
- the ratio of the second stretching is preferably 1.1 to 2 times, more preferably 1.1 to 1.6 times.
- the temperature of the second stretching is preferably the crystal dispersion temperature + 10 ° C or more, preferably within the range of the crystal dispersion temperature of the PO constituting the microporous film to the crystal dispersion temperature + 40 ° C or less. -Crystal dispersion temperature + 40 ° C or less is more preferable. If the second stretching temperature is higher than the crystal dispersion temperature + 40 ° C, the permeability may decrease the compression resistance, and the variation in physical properties in the sheet width direction when stretched in the TD direction may increase. . In particular, the variation in the width direction of the stretched sheet in the air permeability becomes large.
- the stretching temperature is usually in the range of 90 to 140 ° C, preferably in the range of 100 to 135 ° C.
- the second stretching performed after the heat setting treatment as described above the diameter of the pores obtained by the first stretching, heat setting treatment and solvent removal is further increased, and the compression resistance is also improved. As a result, the high permeability and compression resistance of the microporous membrane can be achieved. However, since the pore diameter can be easily adjusted by selecting the second stretching ratio, the pore diameter should be adjusted according to the use of the microporous membrane.
- Re-heat treatment can stabilize the structure formed by the second extension.
- any of heat setting treatment and heat relaxation treatment may be used, and these may be appropriately selected according to the physical properties required for the microporous membrane, but heat setting treatment is preferred.
- the temperature and method of heat setting treatment may be the same as above.
- the thermal relaxation treatment is performed by a tenter method, a roll method, a rolling method, a belt conveyor method, or a floating method.
- the thermal relaxation treatment is performed at a temperature below the melting point of the PO microporous membrane.
- the shrinkage caused by the thermal relaxation treatment is preferably such that the length in the direction of the second stretching is 91% or more before the second stretching, and more preferably 95% or more. Good. If this shrinkage is less than 91%, the balance of physical properties in the width direction of the sheet after the second stretching, particularly the balance of permeability, is poor.
- the heat relaxation treatment as described above further improves the balance between permeability and strength. A number of heat setting treatments and heat relaxation treatments may be combined.
- ionizing radiation ⁇ rays, j8 rays, ⁇ rays, electron rays, etc. can be used.
- Cross-linking with ionizing radiation can be performed with an electron dose of 0.1-100 Mrad and an acceleration voltage of 100-300 kV.
- the meltdown temperature can be improved by the crosslinking treatment.
- stretching You may hydrophilize the microporous film which gave 2nd extending
- a monomer graft treatment a surfactant treatment, a corona discharge treatment, a plasma treatment or the like is used.
- Monomer grafting is preferably performed after ionizing radiation.
- any of a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, or a zwitterionic surfactant can be used, but a nonionic surfactant is used. It is preferable to do this.
- the surfactant is made into an aqueous solution or a solution of lower alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc., and the force of dating is used. To do.
- the obtained hydrophilized microporous membrane is dried.
- a method of performing heat treatment while preventing shrinkage for example, a method of performing the above heat treatment on a hydrophilic microporous membrane can be mentioned.
- the microporous membrane that has been subjected to the second stretching should have its surface covered with PP; a fluororesin porous material such as polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene; a porous material such as polyimide or polyphenylene sulfide This improves the melt-down characteristics when used as a battery separator.
- the PP for the coating layer preferably has an Mw in the range of 5,000 to 500,000.
- the solubility in 100 g of toluene at a temperature of 25 ° C. is preferably 0.5 g or more.
- the PP preferably has a fraction of racemic dyad (a structural unit in which two linked monomer units are in an enantiomeric relationship) of 0.12 to 0.88.
- microporous membrane according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has the following physical properties.
- air permeability is 30 to 400 seconds Z100 cm 3 (thickness 20 m conversion). If the air permeability is within this range, the cycle characteristics of a battery with a large battery capacity are also good. If the air permeability is less than 30 seconds / 100 cm 3 Z20 m, shutdown may not be performed sufficiently when the temperature inside the battery rises. However, when a microporous membrane is used as a filter, the air permeability is more preferably 300 seconds / 100 (; ⁇ 3 ⁇ 20 / ⁇ ⁇ or less. The air permeability is determined by selecting the second stretching ratio. Can be adjusted.
- Porosity is 25-80%. If the porosity is less than 25%, good air permeability cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80%, the strength when the microporous membrane is used as a battery separator is insufficient, and there is a great risk that the electrode is short-circuited.
- the average pore diameter can be adjusted by selecting the second stretching ratio.
- the average pore diameter is generally preferably from 0.01 to 1.0 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- the average pore diameter is more preferably 0.03 m or more, particularly preferably 0.04 ⁇ m or more. If the average pore size is 0.03 ⁇ m or more, it will be even better. Therefore, the permeability of the electrolytic solution is improved.
- the upper limit of the average pore diameter of the separator is not particularly limited, but if it exceeds 1.0 m, dendrite growth cannot be suppressed and the electrode is likely to be short-circuited.
- the average pore diameter is more preferably 0.01 to 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the puncture strength is 1,500 mN / 20 ⁇ m or more. If the piercing strength is less than 1,500 mN / 20 ⁇ m, there is a risk of short-circuiting of the electrodes when the microporous membrane is incorporated into a battery as a battery separator. When the microporous membrane is used as a lithium battery separator, the puncture strength is preferably 5,000 mN / 20 ⁇ m or more.
- the tensile strength at break is 20,000 kPa or more in both the MD and TD directions. This eliminates the worry of rupture.
- the tensile strength at break is preferably 100,000 kPa or more in both the MD direction and the TD direction.
- Thermal shrinkage after exposure for 8 hours at 105 ° C is 25% or less in both MD and TD directions.
- the thermal shrinkage rate exceeds 25%, when the microporous membrane is used as a lithium battery separator, the end of the separator shrinks during heat generation, and the possibility of an electrode short circuit increases.
- the thermal shrinkage rate is preferably 10% or less in both the MD and TD directions.
- the film thickness change rate after heating and compression at 90 ° C for 5 minutes under a pressure of 2.2 MPa (22 kgfZcm 2 ) is 15% or more.
- the rate of change in film thickness is 15% or more, the absorption of electrode expansion is good when the microporous membrane is used as a battery separator, and the battery capacity is large when the microporous membrane is used as a battery separator.
- the cycle characteristics of the battery are also good.
- the film thickness change rate is preferably 20% or more.
- the microporous membrane of the present invention has a large pore diameter, air permeability, compression resistance and mechanical properties. Since it is excellent in strength, it can be suitably used as a battery separator, filter or the like.
- the thickness of the microporous membrane can be appropriately selected depending on the application. For example, when used as a battery separator, 5 to 25 / zm is preferable, and when used as a filter, 20 to 60 m is preferable.
- the obtained gel-like molded product was subjected to simultaneous biaxial stretching (first stretching) 5 ⁇ 5 times at a temperature of 116 ° C. using a tenter stretching machine.
- the stretched film was heat-set at 125 ° C for 5 seconds while being held in a tenter (first heat treatment).
- fix it to a frame plate [Size: 20 cm x 20 cm, made of aluminum (the same shall apply hereinafter)], immerse it in a washing tank of methyl chloride that has been adjusted to 25 ° C, and swing it at 100 rpm for 3 minutes. And washed.
- the washed membrane was air dried at room temperature.
- a PE microporous membrane was produced by heat setting treatment (second heat treatment) for 30 seconds at a temperature of 130.5 ° C.
- the first stretching, first heat treatment, washing treatment, drying treatment, second stretching and second heat treatment were performed continuously on a series of lines.
- Example 2 The concentration of the resin in the PE solution is 28% by mass, the temperature of the first heat treatment is 124 ° C, the second stretching is performed at a magnification of 1.2 times in the MD direction, and the temperature of the second heat treatment is 131 ° C.
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that.
- HDPE with Mw force 3 ⁇ 4.5 X 10 5 and MwZMn of 13.5 is used, the concentration of the resin in the PE solution is 30% by mass, and the temperature of the first heat treatment is
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature was 124 ° C., the second stretching ratio was 1.5 times, and the second heat treatment temperature was 128 ° C.
- the concentration of the resin in the PE solution was 28% by mass, and during the first stretching (when the film was stretched 2.5 times x 2.5 times), the temperature was 1 ° from 116 ° C to 124 ° C while continuing stretching.
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature was raised at a rate of CZ seconds, the temperature of the first heat treatment was 124 ° C, and the temperature of the second heat treatment was 130 ° C. did.
- the concentration of rosin in the PE solution was 28% by mass, and as the first stretching, it was sequentially stretched (stretched 2.5 times in the MD direction at 110 ° C, heated at a rate of 1 ° CZ seconds, and increased to 117 ° C. After reaching the TD direction, the temperature of the first heat treatment is set to 124 ° C, the second drawing is performed at a magnification of 1.3 times in the MD direction, and the temperature of the second heat treatment is set to 131 °.
- a PE microporous membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that C was used.
- the concentration of the resin in the PE solution is 28% by mass
- the temperature of the first heat treatment is 124 ° C
- the second stretch is sequentially stretched (stretched 1.1 times in the MD direction and 1.3 times in the TD direction)
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the second heat treatment was changed to 130 ° C.
- the concentration of the rosin in the PE solution was 28% by mass, the thickness of the gel-like molded product was 2 mm, and during the first stretching (2.5 times x 2.5 times when stretched) The temperature is increased from 117 ° C to 125 ° C at a rate of 1 ° CZ seconds, and the second stretch is performed at a magnification of 1.5 times at a temperature of 110 ° C.
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the second heat treatment was changed to 110 ° C.
- the mixing ratio of PE composition, the UHMWPEZHDPE 30Z70 (mass 0/0), the ⁇ concentration of PE solution to 28.5 wt%, the temperature of the first stretching to 114 ° C, the temperature of the first heat treatment
- the PE microporous membrane was made the same as in Example 1 except that the second stretching was performed at a magnification of 1.2 times at a temperature of 128 ° C and the temperature of the second heat treatment was changed to 128 ° C. Was made.
- PE microporous membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the second stretching and second heat treatment were performed for 10 seconds at a temperature of C.
- Example 2 The same as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the resin in the PE solution was 28% by mass, the first heat treatment was performed for 10 seconds at a temperature of 127 ° C, and the second drawing and the second heat treatment were not performed.
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared.
- the wax concentration in the PE solution was 28% by mass, no heat setting treatment after uniaxial stretching was performed, the second stretching ratio was 1.05 times, and the second heat treatment was performed at 127 ° C for 10 seconds.
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- a microporous PE membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the rosin in the PE solution was 28% by mass, the heat setting treatment after uniaxial stretching was not performed, and the magnification of the second stretching was tripled. did. [0068] Comparative Example 5
- Example 2 The same as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the resin in the PE solution was 28% by mass, the first heat treatment was performed for 10 seconds at a temperature of 140 ° C, and the second stretching and the second heat treatment were not performed. I tried to make a PE microporous membrane, but it broke.
- Mw is 2.0 X 10.
- a PE microporous membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the fixing treatment was performed.
- Film thickness measured with a contact thickness meter (manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation).
- Gurley value was measured according to JIS P8II 7 (film thickness 20 m conversion).
- Average pore diameter The average diameter of 20 pores measured with an atomic force microscope (AFM) was calculated.
- Puncture strength The maximum load when a microporous membrane was punctured at a speed of 2 mmZ seconds using a needle with a diameter of 1 mm (0.5 mm R) was converted to a thickness of 20 m.
- Tensile strength at break The tensile strength at break of a strip-shaped specimen having a width of 10 mm was measured according to ASTM D882.
- Compression resistance A film is sandwiched between a pair of press plates with a high smooth surface, and this is pressed with a press machine at a temperature of 90 ° C and a pressure of 2.2 MPa for 5 minutes.
- the film thickness and air permeability were measured by the above method.
- the film thickness change rate was calculated with the film thickness before hot compression as 100%.
- the air permeability was inferior, the average pore diameter was reduced, the rate of change in film thickness after heat compression was reduced, and the achieved air permeability value after heat compression was increased.
- the heat setting treatment was not performed after the first stretching, and the magnification of the second stretching was set to less than 1.1 times.
- the obtained microporous membrane had an air permeability compared to Examples 1 to 9.
- the average pore diameter was decreased, the rate of change in film thickness after heating and compression was reduced, and the ultimate air permeability value after heating and compression was increased.
- the film was broken because the magnification of the second stretching was more than 3 times.
- Comparative Example 5 the film was broken because the heat setting temperature after the first stretching exceeded the melting point.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA000000083A CA2602827A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | Microporous polyolefin membrane and method for producing the same |
US11/910,208 US20090098341A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | Microporous polyolefin membrane and method for producing the same |
CN2006800108908A CN101155861B (zh) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | 聚烯烃微多孔膜及其制造方法 |
EP06730517.7A EP1870430B1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | Microporous polyolefin film and process for producing the same |
JP2007512824A JP5283379B2 (ja) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | ポリオレフィン微多孔膜及びその製造方法 |
KR1020077020489A KR101231748B1 (ko) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | 폴리올레핀 미세 다공막 및 그 제조 방법 |
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JP2005103861 | 2005-03-31 | ||
JP2005-103861 | 2005-03-31 |
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WO2006106783A1 true WO2006106783A1 (ja) | 2006-10-12 |
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PCT/JP2006/306569 WO2006106783A1 (ja) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | ポリオレフィン微多孔膜及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (9)
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US (1) | US20090098341A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1870430B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5283379B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101231748B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101155861B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2602827A1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2422191C2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI393735B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006106783A1 (ja) |
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WO2008093572A1 (ja) | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-07 | Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corporation | ポリオレフィン製微多孔膜 |
JP2011527710A (ja) * | 2008-07-11 | 2011-11-04 | 東レ東燃機能膜合同会社 | 微多孔性膜、微多孔膜の製造方法および使用方法 |
JP2013142156A (ja) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-22 | Sk Innovation Co Ltd | ポリオレフィン系微多孔膜及びその製造方法 |
WO2014132791A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-04 | 東レバッテリーセパレータフィルム株式会社 | ポリオレフィン多孔質膜、それを用いた電池用セパレータおよびそれらの製造方法 |
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- 2006-03-29 WO PCT/JP2006/306569 patent/WO2006106783A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-03-29 RU RU2007140313/04A patent/RU2422191C2/ru active
- 2006-03-29 EP EP06730517.7A patent/EP1870430B1/en active Active
- 2006-03-29 KR KR1020077020489A patent/KR101231748B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-03-29 CN CN2006800108908A patent/CN101155861B/zh active Active
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JP2011527710A (ja) * | 2008-07-11 | 2011-11-04 | 東レ東燃機能膜合同会社 | 微多孔性膜、微多孔膜の製造方法および使用方法 |
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JPWO2014132791A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-27 | 2017-02-02 | 東レバッテリーセパレータフィルム株式会社 | ポリオレフィン多孔質膜、それを用いた電池用セパレータおよびそれらの製造方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101231748B1 (ko) | 2013-02-08 |
CN101155861B (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
JP5283379B2 (ja) | 2013-09-04 |
EP1870430A4 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
CN101155861A (zh) | 2008-04-02 |
JPWO2006106783A1 (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
US20090098341A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
RU2007140313A (ru) | 2009-05-10 |
CA2602827A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
TW200641012A (en) | 2006-12-01 |
EP1870430A1 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
RU2422191C2 (ru) | 2011-06-27 |
TWI393735B (zh) | 2013-04-21 |
EP1870430B1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
KR20070114284A (ko) | 2007-11-30 |
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