WO2006097019A1 - Conteneur d'ordures a ouverture automatique par induction infrarouge - Google Patents

Conteneur d'ordures a ouverture automatique par induction infrarouge

Info

Publication number
WO2006097019A1
WO2006097019A1 PCT/CN2005/001263 CN2005001263W WO2006097019A1 WO 2006097019 A1 WO2006097019 A1 WO 2006097019A1 CN 2005001263 W CN2005001263 W CN 2005001263W WO 2006097019 A1 WO2006097019 A1 WO 2006097019A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
infrared
cover
control unit
trash
switch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/001263
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xin Wang
Shenwei Wang
Jiangqun Cheng
Original Assignee
Xin Wang
Shenwei Wang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xin Wang, Shenwei Wang filed Critical Xin Wang
Priority to US11/886,804 priority Critical patent/US7714527B2/en
Priority to EP05774362A priority patent/EP1918223A4/en
Publication of WO2006097019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006097019A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/1426—Housings, cabinets or enclosures for refuse receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/16—Lids or covers
    • B65F1/1623—Lids or covers with means for assisting the opening or closing thereof, e.g. springs
    • B65F1/1638—Electromechanically operated lids

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a garbage container, in particular to a garbage container which automatically opens the cover.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin, which cooperates with the cam by the travel switch to coordinate the opening and closing action of the garbage can lid, and timely switches the driving motor to avoid the motor stalling. And by installing the automatic opening device in the housing, it is avoided to cause the switch contact 1 to adversely affect the performance.
  • the present invention provides an infrared sensor automatic opening and closing trash can, including
  • the barrel body has a feeding port on at least one side thereof, and the feeding port is provided with a movable barrel cover, and the barrel cover is movable between an open position and a closed position;
  • the infrared sensing device is installed on the barrel above the feeding port, and is composed of an infrared emitting tube and an infrared receiving tube.
  • the infrared transmitting tube emits an infrared pulse signal to form a sensing area in front of the feeding port, and the infrared receiving tube receives the entering An infrared pulse signal reflected by an obstacle in the sensing area, and converting the infrared pulse signal into a corresponding electrical signal;
  • An automatic opening device that is mechanically coupled to the lid by a cable; a control unit, connected to the infrared sensing device and the automatic opening device;
  • the automatic opening device includes
  • the transmission is connected to an output shaft of the drive motor
  • a reeling wheel mechanically connected to the first reduction gear set, the cable is fixedly connected to the retracting wheel at one end, and the other end is connected from the casing to the barrel cover;
  • the transmission is connected to the output shaft of the retracting wheel
  • the transmission is connected to the output shaft of the second reduction gear set, and is rotatable to be in contact with an open cover switch and a cover travel switch respectively, wherein the open cover switch and the cover switch are respectively passed through the wire
  • the control unit is electrically connected.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that the automatic opening and closing device is installed in a casing, and is installed in the inner space above the tub body through the casing.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that when the water tank cover is in the open position, the cam rotates just to contact with the open cover travel switch, and the open cover travel switch outputs a signal to the control unit, The driving motor is controlled to stop rotating, and at this time, the frictional force composed of the first reduction gear set, the second reduction gear set and the driving motor is greater than the drooping gravity of the bucket cover.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that when the water tank cover is in the open position, the infrared transmitting tube continues to emit an infrared pulse signal to the sensing area until the infrared receiving tube receives the infrared pulse signal reflected by the obstacle.
  • the lid can only be closed.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that when the bucket lid is in the closed position, the cam just rotates to contact with the closing lid travel switch, and the closing lid stroke switch outputs a signal to the control unit, and controls The drive motor stops rotating.
  • the above infrared induction automatic opening and closing trash can is characterized in that the control unit is connected to the driving motor through a motor forward/reverse driving circuit.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that the control unit is connected to the infrared transmitting tube through an infrared driving circuit, and the infrared receiving tube is connected to the control unit through an amplifying circuit and a comparing circuit.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that the output end of the first reduction gear set is mechanically coupled with the input end of the second reduction gear set.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that the bucket cover passes through a rotating shaft and a barrel body
  • the upper shaft seat is connected to the shaft.
  • the above-mentioned infrared induction automatic opening and closing garbage bin is characterized in that the cam is composed of two pin or swing rods having a predetermined angle, and the two pin rods or swing rods respectively respectively with the opening and closing switch and the cover switch contact.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the automatic opening and closing trash can of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side elevational cross-sectional view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the automatic opening device of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of the working principle of the automatic opening and closing trash can of the utility model
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart showing the flow of the microcomputer chip program of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A and 7B are schematic structural views of a novel cam structure which is a pin
  • FIGS 8A and 8B are schematic views showing the structure of the cam structure of the present invention. The best way to achieve the utility model
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of the automatic uncapped trash can of the present invention is shown, which mainly includes a barrel 10 with a lid 13 , an automatic opening device 20 , an infrared sensing device 50 , and the infrared A control unit (such as a microcomputer chip) that connects the sensing device to the automatic opening device.
  • the barrel body 10 has a feeding port 11 on the side, and a door 15 is disposed below the feeding port 11.
  • a rotating shaft 161 shown in FIG. 2
  • the bucket lid 13 is attached and movable between an open position and a closed position.
  • the automatic lid opening device 20 is coupled to the tub lid 13 via a cable 241.
  • the infrared sensing device 50 is mounted on the barrel above the feeding port 11, and is composed of an infrared emitting tube and an infrared receiving tube.
  • the infrared transmitting tube emits an infrared pulse signal to form a sensing area 56 in front of the feeding port (see FIG. 2).
  • the infrared receiving tube receives the infrared pulse signal reflected by the obstacle 60 entering the sensing area 56, and converts the infrared pulse signal into a corresponding electrical signal, which is output to the control unit.
  • the control unit controls the automatic opening device 20 to contract the cable 241 to drive the lid 13 to rotate inward from the closed position to the open position; conversely, when the sensing device 50 senses that the obstacle 60 is away, The control unit controls the automatic lid opening device 20 to relax the cable 241, and the bucket lid 13 is rotated outward from the open position to the closed position.
  • the structure of the automatic opening and closing automatic trash can opening device of the present invention is shown.
  • the automatic opening device 20 is mounted on the inner side of the tub 10 through a casing 21 provided with a drive motor 22, a first reduction gear set 23, and a take-up reel 24.
  • the second reduction gear set 25 the cover opening switch 261, the closing stroke switch 262, the main circuit board 27, and the like.
  • the first reduction gear set 23 is composed of two single gears 231, 234 and two double gears 232, 233.
  • the second reduction gear set 25 is composed of two single gears 251, 253 and a double gear 252.
  • the composition is that the single gears 234 and 251 are fixed on the same shaft.
  • the single gear 231 is disposed on the output shaft 221 of the driving motor 22, and is sequentially connected by gears 232, 233, 234.
  • the take-up wheel 24 is coaxially disposed with the gear pair 234, 251.
  • the take-up wheel 24 A cable 241 is fixedly connected to the upper end, and the other end of the cable is connected from the inside of the casing 21 to the bucket cover 13.
  • the take-up reel 24 is mechanically coupled to the cam 28 via gears: 251, .252, 253 in sequence, and the cam 28 can encounter the travel switches 261, 262 when rotated.
  • the main circuit board 27 can be provided with a comparison circuit 271, an infrared drive circuit 272, a control unit 273, a motor forward and reverse drive circuit 274 and the like (as shown in FIG.
  • the cover open switch 261, the cover limit switch 262 is coupled to the control unit (microcomputer chip) via data lines 281, 282. 273, the main circuit board 27 is coupled to the sensing device .50 via data line 29.
  • the control unit 273 controls the infrared emission tube to periodically emit an infrared pulse signal to the sensing area 56. When an obstacle 60 approaches the sensing area, the infrared pulse signal that is reflected back through the surface of the obstacle 60 is received by the infrared receiving tube, and the output is output. A control signal is sent to the control unit 273, by which the switch of the lid 13 is controlled.
  • the drive motor 22 rotates in the forward direction (clockwise), and the first reduction gear set 23 drives the take-up reel 24 to rotate in the reverse direction (counterclockwise), and the contraction cable 241 drives the bucket cover 13 to move from the closed position to the open position. .
  • the output shaft of the take-up reel 24 is driven by the second reduction gear set 25 to drive the cam 28 to rotate.
  • the take-up reel 24 is rotated a few times in reverse (counterclockwise)
  • the lid 13 is opened to the maximum position, that is, the open position, and the cam 28 is also rotated (counterclockwise) by an angle, the cam just hits the opening
  • the stroke switch 261 stops the motor 22 from rotating in the forward direction (clockwise) by the control of the circuit.
  • the motor 22 rotates in the reverse direction (counterclockwise), causing the take-up reel 24 to rotate in the forward direction (clockwise) to release the cable 241, and the bucket cover 13 depends on its own weight to hang the trash can.
  • the feed port is closed.
  • the take-up reel 24 is rotated forward (clockwise) a few times, the lid 13 is closed in position, that is, in the closed position, and the cam 28 is also rotated forward (clockwise) by an angle, which just happens to be encountered.
  • the cover switch 262 is closed, and the motor is stopped by the control of the circuit (counterclockwise).
  • FIG. 4 an electromechanical working principle diagram of the automatic uncapped trash can of the present invention is shown.
  • the three output ports of the control unit 273 are respectively connected to the motor driving circuit 274 of the infrared driving circuit 272, and the three input ports of the control unit 273 are respectively connected with the output end of the comparing circuit 271 and the cover is opened.
  • the stroke switch 261 is connected to the lid closing switch 262, the infrared receiving tube 52 is connected to the input end of the amplifying circuit 53, the output end of the amplifying circuit 53 is connected to the input end of the comparing circuit 271, and the infrared transmitting tube 51 is connected to the infrared driving circuit 272.
  • the infrared transmitting tube 51, the infrared receiving tube 52, and the amplifying circuit 53 can be disposed in the sensing housing of the sensing device 50, and the comparing circuit 271, the infrared driving circuit 272, the control unit 273, and the motor are reversed.
  • the drive circuit 274 can be disposed on the main circuit board 27.
  • the output port of the control unit 273 controls the infrared transmitting tube 51 through the infrared driving circuit 272, and periodically emits an infrared pulse signal to the sensing area 56.
  • the infrared pulse signal folded back by the surface of the obstacle 60 is received by the infrared receiving tube 52, and the signal is sent to an input port of the control unit 273 through the amplifying circuit 53 comparison circuit 271, and the control unit 273 is After receiving the signal, the motor forward/reverse drive circuit 274 is controlled by the output port to rotate the motor forward (clockwise), and the first reduction gear set 23 drives the take-up reel 24 to rotate in the reverse direction (counterclockwise) to connect the cable.
  • the 241 is tightened and wound around the take-up reel 24, and the other end of the cable 241 pulls the lid 13 open.
  • the cam 28 When the lid 13 is in position, the cam 28 is reversed by the second reduction gear set 25 (counterclockwise) Rotating at an angle, the cam just hits the open cover travel switch 261, and a signal is transmitted from the open cover travel switch 261 to the input of the control unit 273, and the control unit 273 is turned on.
  • the motor forward/reverse drive circuit 274 controls the motor 22 to stop rotating in the forward direction (clockwise). After the lid 13 is in position, the motor 22 stops rotating. At this time, the drooping gravity of the bucket cover 13 is smaller than the reduction gear sets 23, 25 and the motor 22 The frictional force is composed, so that the lid 13 does not sag and the lid 13 remains open.
  • the device continues to emit an infrared detecting pulse to the sensing region 56. If an obstacle 60 is in the sensing region 56, it is reflected by the surface of the obstacle 60. The folded infrared pulse signal is received by the circuit, and the lid 13 continues to be open. Once the obstacle 60 leaves the sensing area 56, the circuit does not detect the reflected infrared pulse signal, and the lid 13 is kept open for about 3 seconds, and then The motor forward/reverse drive circuit 274 is controlled by the control unit 273 to reverse the motor 22 (reverse When the hour hand is rotated, the first reduction gear group 23 drives the take-up reel 24 to rotate in the forward direction (clockwise), and the cable 241 is discharged.
  • the lid 13 is suspended by the self-weight to close the trash can feeding port, and the cam 28 passes the second reduction gear set.
  • the driving of 25 is also rotated forward (clockwise) by an angle, which just hits the closing stroke 262, and is sent to the input of the control unit 273 by the closing switch 262, and the control unit 273 is reversed by the motor.
  • the driving circuit 274 controls the motor 22 to stop the reverse (counterclockwise) rotation. After the lid 13 is closed, the motor 22 stops rotating to complete the entire process of opening and closing the cover.
  • FIG. 6 a preferred circuit diagram of the present invention is shown.
  • the opening and closing cover stroke switches 261 and 262 and the resistors R15 and R14 are connected in series and respectively connected to the two ends of the power source, and the connection points of the opening and closing cover stroke switches 261 and 262 and the resistors R15 and R14 are respectively
  • the RB1 port and the RB2 port of the microcomputer chip IC3 ie, 273 in FIG. 4) are connected.
  • the microcomputer chip discriminates the stop timing of the motor forward and reverse by whether the RB1 port and the RB2 port are low.
  • the cam 28 described in the utility model mainly functions as a switch for opening and closing the cover. It is not only a cam in the traditional mechanical concept, but the cam in the conventional mechanical concept is only a special case of the utility model, when the cam is convex When the part is widened, the angle of rotation of the cam becomes smaller (to touch the open and close lines) According to the switch, when the convex portion of the cam is narrowed, the rotation angle of the cam becomes larger, so changing the width of the convex portion of the cam can adjust the rotation angle of the cam, thereby (in the gear ratio) In this case, adjust the number of rotations of the reel to change the retraction stroke of the cable 241 to adjust the opening angle of the lid 13, or to apply to different sizes of trash cans.
  • the cam structure described in the present invention can also be constructed in the form of Figs. 7A, 7B or Figs. 8A, 8B.
  • Fig. 7B is a plan view of Fig. 7A
  • Fig. 8B is a plan view of Fig. 8A.
  • the cam structure described in the present invention may be composed of two pins 283 and 284.
  • the pin 283 is responsible for touching the cover switch 261, and the pin 284 is responsible for touching the cover switch 262.
  • the two pins 283 and 284 are fixed to the gear 253, and the retracting stroke of the cable 241 can be changed when the angle ⁇ between the two pins 283 and 284 is adjusted.
  • the cam structure described in the present invention may also be composed of two swing levers 285 and 286.
  • the swing lever 285 is responsible for touching the cover stroke switch 261, and the swing lever 286 is responsible for hitting the cover stroke switch 262.
  • the two swing levers 285 and 286 are fixed to the gear 253, and the retracting stroke of the cable 241 can be changed when the angle ⁇ between the two swing levers 285 and 286 is adjusted.
  • the utility model coordinates the opening and closing of the bucket cover, effectively avoids the motor stalling, and installs the automatic opening device such as the stroke switch in the casing, thereby avoiding the erosion of the gas in the barrel.
  • the poor contact of the switch affects the performance problem, and the structure is simple, the performance is reliable, the installation is convenient, the cost is low, and the micro-computer-controlled infrared sensing cap function of the opto-mechatronics is provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种垃圾容器， 特别是涉及一种自动开盖的垃圾容器 背景技术
现有技术的自动开盖垃圾桶，大多没有设计行程开关，桶盖开启和关闭的 动作时间是靠定时来控制的，如定时时间设计的太长，桶盖开启或关闭到位后 电机会继续通电， 造成电机堵转； 如定时时间设计的太短， 会造成桶盖开启或 关闭不到位。何况有些使用电池供电的自动开盖垃圾桶， 因电机的转速随电池 电压下降而变慢， 所以开关盖的行程动作时间随着电压下降是变化的。
另外，还有的现有技术中公开了一种自动开盖垃圾桶，其安装有行程开关， 但往往设计的不合理，有的行程开关安装于桶盖的旁边，与垃圾桶的空间相通， 长期使用后会受垃圾桶内气体的侵蚀，造成开关接触不良影响性能，有的结构 过于复杂， 不便安装。 实用新型公幵
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 利用行程开关与凸轮配合，协调该垃圾桶桶盖的开启和关闭动作，及时开关该 驱动电机， 避免电机堵转， 并通过将自动开盖装置安装在壳体内， 避免造成开 关接触 1不良影响性能。
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型提供了一种红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，包 括有
桶体，在其至少一个侧面上具有一投料口，该投料口上安装有一活动桶盖， 该桶盖可在开启位置和闭合位置之间活动；
红外感应装置，安装在位于该投料口上方的桶体上， 由红外发射管和红外 接收管组成， 该红外发射管发射红外脉冲信号在该投料口前方形成一感应区， 该红外接收管接收进入该感应区内的障碍物所反射的红外脉冲信号，并将该红 外脉冲信号转换为相应的电信号；
自动开盖装置， 通过一缆绳与该桶盖机械连接； 控制单元， 与该红外感应装置和自动开盖装置信号连接；
其特点在于， 该自动开盖装置包括有
驱动电机， 与该控制单元连接；
第一减速齿轮组， 传动连接于该驱动电机的输出轴上；
收线轮， 与该第一减速齿轮组机械连接， 该缆绳一端固定连接在该收线轮 上， 另一端从该壳体内穿出连接至该桶盖上；
第二减速齿轮组， 传动连接于该收线轮的输出轴上；
凸轮，传动连接于该第二减速齿轮组的输出轴上，其可旋转至分别与一开 盖行程开关和一关盖行程开关接触，该开盖行程开关、关盖行程开关分别通过 导线与该控制单元电连接。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于， 该自动开盖装置安装在一 壳体内， 并通过该壳体安装在该桶体上方内侧空间。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于，当该桶盖位于开启位置时， 该凸轮恰好旋转至与该开盖行程开关接触，同时该开盖行程开关输出一信号至 该控制单元， 控制该驱动电机停止转动， 且此时该第一减速齿轮组、 第二减速 齿轮组和该驱动电机组成的摩擦力大于该桶盖的下垂重力。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于，当该桶盖位于开启位置时， 该红外发射管继续向感应区发射红外脉冲信号直至该红外接收管接收不到障 碍物反射的红外脉冲信号为止， 该桶盖才能关闭。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于，当该桶盖位于闭合位置时， 该凸轮恰好旋转至与该关盖行程开关接触，同时该关盖行程开关输出一信号至 控制单元， 控制该驱动电机停止转动。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于， 该控制单元通过一电机正 反转驱动电路与该驱动电机连接。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于，该控制单元通过一红外驱 动电路与该红外发射管连接，该红外接收管通过一放大电路和一比较电路与该 控制单元连接。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于， 该第一减速齿轮组输出端 与第二减速齿轮组输入端机械联接。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于，该桶盖通过一转轴与桶体 上的转轴座轴接。
上述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶，其特点在于， 凸轮由两个具有一预定角 度的销杆或摆杆组成，该两个销杆或摆杆分别与该开盖行程开关和关盖行程开 关接触。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本实用新型进行详细描述，但不作为对本实 用新型的限定。 附图简要说明
图 1为本实用新型的自动开盖垃圾桶的立体结构透视图；
图 2为图 1的侧面剖视放大结构图；
图 3为图 2中自动开盖装置的放大结构示意图；
图 4为本实用新型的自动开盖垃圾桶的工作原理结构框图；
图 5为本实用新型的微电脑芯片程序的流程方框图；
图 6为本实用新型一较佳实施例的电路图；
. 图 7A、 7B为本实甩新型的凸轮结构是销杆的结构示意图；
图 8A、 8B为本实用新型的凸轮结构是摆杆的结构示意图。 实现本实用新型的最佳方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型做进一步详细说明。
如图 1所示，示出了本实用新型的自动开盖垃圾桶的立体透视图，其主要 包括带有桶盖 13的桶体 10、 自动开盖装置 20、 红外感应装置 50以及与该红 外感应装置和自动开盖装置信号连接的控制单元 （如微电脑芯片） 。 该桶体 10—侧面上具有一投料口 11， 投料口 11下方设置有一门 15， 在该投料口 11 内， 通过一转轴 161 (如图 2所示） 与桶体 10上的转轴座 16轴接安装有该桶 盖 13，该桶盖 13可在一开启位置和一闭合位置之间活动。该自动开盖装置 20 通过一缆绳 241与桶盖 13相连接。 该红外感应装置 50安装在位于该投料口 11 上方的桶体上， 由红外发射管和红外接收管组成， 该红外发射管发射红外 脉冲信号在该投料口前方形成一感应区 56 (如图 2所示） ， 该红外接收管接 收进入该感应区 56内的障碍物 60所反射的红外脉冲信号，并将该红外脉冲信 号转换为相应的电信号， 输出至该控制单元。 当该红外感应装置 50感应到障 碍物 60时， 该控制单元控制该自动开盖装置 20收缩该缆绳 241， 带动该桶盖 13由闭合位置向内转动至开启位置； 反之， 当该感应装置 50感应到障碍物 60 离开时， 该控制单元控制该自动开盖装置 20放松该缆绳 241 , 该桶盖 13由开 启位置向外转动至闭合位置。
如图 2、 3所示， 示出了本实用新型的自动开盖垃圾桶自动开盖装置的结 构。 由图中可清晰的看出， 该自动开盖装置 20通过一壳体 21安装在该桶体 10的上方内侧， 该壳体 21 设置有驱动电机 22、 第一减速齿轮组 23、 收线 轮 24、 第二减速齿轮组 25、 开盖行程开关 261、 关盖行程开关 262、 主电路板 27等。 该第一减速齿轮组 23由两个单联齿轮 231、 234和两个双联齿轮 232、 233组成，该第二减速齿轮组 25由两个单联齿轮 251、253和一个双联齿轮 252、 组成，其中单联齿轮 234与 251固接在同一根轴上。该单联齿轮 231设置在该 驱动电机 22的输出轴 221上， 并依次通过齿轮 232、 233、 234传动连接， 该 收线轮 24与该齿轮副 234、 251同轴设置， 该收线轮 24上固定连接有一缆绳 241， 该缆绳的另一端从该壳体 21 内穿出连接至该桶盖 13上。 该收线轮 24 依次通过齿轮 :251、 .252、 253与该凸轮 28机械连接， 该凸轮 28在旋转时能碰 到行程开关 261、 262。 该主电路板 27上可设置有比较电路 271、 红外驱动电 路 272、 控制单元 273、 电机正反转驱动电路 274等电路 （如图 4所示) ， 该 开盖行程开关 261、 关盖行程开关 262通过数据线 281、 282连接至控制单元 (微电脑芯片 ). 273， 该主电路板 27通过数据线 29连接至该感应装置.50。 其 中该控制单元 273控制该红外发射管定时向感应区 56发射红外脉冲信号， 当 有障碍物 60接近感应区时，通过障碍物 60表面反射折回的红外脉冲信号被红 外接收管接收， 并输出该控制信号至该控制单元 273， 通过该控制单元 273控 制桶盖 13的开关。 开盖时， 该驱动电机 22正向 （顺时针）转动， 通过第一减 速齿轮组 23带动收线轮 24反向 （逆时针） 转动， 收缩缆绳 241带动桶盖 13 由闭合位置向开启位置运动。 与此同时， 该收线轮 24的输出轴通过第二减速 齿轮组 25的传动， 带动凸轮 28旋转。 当收线轮 24被反向 （逆时针） 旋转几 圈后， 桶盖 13被开到最大位置， 即开启位置， 凸轮 28也反向 （逆时针）旋转 一个角度， 该凸轮正好碰到开盖行程开关 261， 通过电路的控制使电机 22停 止正向 （顺时针） 转动。 关盖时， 电机 22反向 （逆时针） 转动， 带动收线轮 24正向 （顺时针）转动， 将缆绳 241放出， 桶盖 13依靠自重下垂把垃圾桶的 投料口关闭， 当收线轮 24正向 （顺时针）旋转几圈后， 桶盖 13关闭到位， 即 处于闭合位置， 此时凸轮 28也正向 （顺时针） 旋转一个角度， 其正好碰到关 盖行程开关 262， 通过电路的控制使电机停止反向 （逆时针） 转动。
如图 4所示， 示出了本实用新型的自动开盖垃圾桶的机电工作原理图。 由 图中可以看出，该控制单元 273的三个输出口分别与红外驱动电路 272电机正、 反转驱动电路 274连接，控制单元 273的三个输入口分别与比较电路 271输出 端、 开盖行程开关 261和关盖行程开关 262连接， 红外接收管 52与放大电路 53输入端连接， 放大电路 53输出端与比较电路 271输入端连接， 红外发射管 51与红外驱动电路 272连接。 在本实施例中， 该红外发射管 51、 红外接收管 52、 放大电路 53可设置于感应装置 50的感应壳体内， 而该比较电路 271、 红 外驱动电路 272、 控制单元 273、 电机正反转驱动电路 274可设置在主电路板 27上。
下面结合图 2、 4详细说明本实用新型的自动开盖垃圾桶的工作过程： 由 控制单元 273输出口通过红外驱动电路 272控制红外发射管 51， 定时向感应 区 56发射红外脉冲信号， 当有障碍物 60接近感应区 56时， 通过障碍物 60 表面反射折回的红外脉冲信号被红外接收管 52接收，该信号通过放大电路 53 比较电路 271送到控制单元 273的一个输入口，控制单元 273在收到该信号后， 由输出口控制电机正反转驱动电路 274， 使电机正向 （顺时针）转动， 通过第 一减速齿轮组 23带动收线轮 24反向（逆时针）旋转， 把缆绳 241收紧并缠绕 在收线轮 24上， 同时缆绳 241的另一端把桶盖 13拉开， 当桶盖 13开到位后， 凸轮 28经过第二减速齿轮组 25的带动也反向（逆时针）旋转一个角度， 该凸 轮正好碰到开盖行程开关 261， 由开盖行程开关 261传递给控制单元 273的输 入口一个信号， 控制单元 273通过电机正反转驱动电路 274控制电机 22停止 正向 （顺时针） 转动， 桶盖 13开到位后， 电机 22停止转动， 这时因桶盖 13 的下垂重力小于减速齿轮组 23、 25和电机 22组成的摩擦力， 所以桶盖 13不 会下垂，桶盖 13保持打开状态，此时装置继续向感应区 56发射红外线探测脉 冲， 如有障碍物 60在感应区 56内， 通过障碍物 60表面反射折回的红外脉冲 信号被电路接收， 桶盖 13继续保持打开状态， 一旦障碍物 60离开感应区 56, 电路探测不到反射回来的红外脉冲信号， 桶盖 13最多保持 3秒左右的打开状 态， 然后由控制单元 273控制电机正反转驱动电路 274， 使电机 22反向 （逆 时针）旋转， 通过第一减速齿轮组 23带动收线轮 24正向 （顺时针）旋转， 把 缆绳 241放出，桶盖 13依靠自重下垂关闭垃圾桶投料口， 同时凸轮 28经过第 二减速齿轮组 25的带动也正向 （顺时针） 旋转一个角度， 其正好碰到关盖行 程幵关 262， 由关盖行程开关 262送给控制单元 273的输入口一个信号， 控制 单元 273通过电机正反转驱动电路 274控制电机 22停止反向（逆时针）转动， 桶盖 13关到位后， 电机 22停止转动， 完成一个开关盖全过程。
参见图 6,示出了本实用新型的一较佳电路图。本实用新型的电路中的开、 关盖行程开关 261、 262和电阻 R15、 R14串联后分别连接电源的两端， 同时 开、关盖行程开关 261、 262和电阻 R15、 R14的连结点分别与微电脑芯片 IC3 (即图 4中的 273) 的 RB1口和 RB2口连接。 当凸轮 28碰到幵盖行程幵关 261时 RB1=0 (低电平） ， RB2=1 (高电平） ； 当凸轮 28碰到关盖行程开关 262时 RB1=1 (高电平） ， RB2=0 (低电平） ； 微电脑芯片通过 RB1口禾卩 RB2 口是否为低电平来判别电机正、 反转的停止时刻。
从流程图 5 (结合图 3和图 6)中可以看出， 当判定有障碍物 60进入感应 区 56后， 程序置 RA0=1， RA1=0, 这时三极管 Q2和 Q5导通， 电机 22被施 加正向电压而正向 （图 3看为顺时针） 转动， 通过齿轮组 23、 25带动绕线轮 24和凸轮转动后，程序在不断的读 RB1口的电平是否变低，当凸轮 28反向（逆 时针）旋转碰到开盖行程开关 261对， 开关 261接通， RB1口由高电平变为低 电平， 这时程序置 RA0=0, RA1=0， 使 Q2、 Q5关断， 电机不得电停止转动。 然后由程序通过 RB3口的控制向感应区 56发一串红外编码脉冲，来判别障碍 物 60是否离开感应区， 如障碍物 60还在感应区程序延时 3秒后再判别，如障 碍物 60离开感应区， 程序置 RA0=0， RA1=1， 这时三极管 Q4和 Q3导通， 电 机 22被施加反向电压而反向 （图 3看为逆时针） 转动， 通过齿轮组 23、 25 带动绕线轮 24和凸轮 28转动后， 程序在不断地读 RB2口的电平是否变低， 当凸轮 28正向（顺时针）旋转碰到关盖行程开关 262时， 开关 262接通， RB2 口由高电平变为低电平， 这时程序置 RA0=0， RA1=0, 使 Q4、 Q3关断， 电机 不得电停止转动，完成一个开关盖的控制过程，然后程序返回准备第二次动作。
本实用新型中所描述的凸轮 28主要起碰到开、 关盖行程开关的作用， 它 不单是传统机械概念里的凸轮，传统机械概念里的凸轮只是本实用新型的一个 特例， 当凸轮的凸出部分变宽时， 凸轮的回转角度就变小（以碰到开、 关盖行 程开关为准） ， 当凸轮的凸出部分变窄时， 凸轮的回转角度就变大， 所以改变 凸轮的凸出部分的宽度就可以调节凸轮的回转角度，从而（在齿轮变比不变的 情况下） 调整绕线轮的旋转圈数， 使缆绳 241 的收放行程改变， 来调整桶盖 13 的开起角度， 或来适用于不同大小的垃圾桶。 其中本实用新型中所述的凸 轮结构也可做成图 7A、 7B或图 8A、 8B的结构形式。 图 7B是图 7A的俯视 图， 图 8B是图 8A的俯视图。 如图 7A、 7B所示， 本实用新型中所述的凸轮 结构可以由两个销杆 283和 284构成， 销杆 283负责碰开盖行程开关 261， 销 杆 284负责碰关盖行程开关 262， 两个销杆 283和 284固定在齿轮 253上， 当 调整两个销杆 283和 284的夹角 Θ时就可以改变缆绳 241的收放行程。 如图 8A、 8B所示， 本实用新型中所述的凸轮结构也可以由两个摆杆 285和 286构 成， 摆杆 285负责碰开盖行程开关 261， 摆杆 286负责碰关盖行程开关 262， 两个摆杆 285和 286固定在齿轮 253上，当调整两个摆杆 285和 286的夹角 Θ 时就可以改变缆绳 241的收放行程。
当然，本实用新型还可有其他多种实施例，在不背离本实用新型精神及其 实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本实用新型作出各种相应的改 变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本实用新型所附的权利要求的保 护范围。 工业应用性
本实用新型通过采用行程开关与凸轮的配合，协调桶盖的开启和关闭，有 效避免了电机堵转， 并将行程开关等自动开盖装置安装在壳体内，避免了桶内 气体的侵蚀而造成开关接触不良影响性能的问题， 并且结构简单、 性能可靠、 安装方便、 成本低， 具有光机电一体化的微电脑控制红外感应幵盖功能。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 包括有
桶体，在其至少一个侧面上具有一投料口，该投料口上安装有一活动桶盖， 该桶盖可在开启位置和闭合位置之间活动；
红外感应装置， 安装在位于该投料口上方的桶体上， 由红外发射管和红外 接收管组成， 该红外发射管发射红外脉冲信号在该投料口前方形成一感应区， 该红外接收管接收进入该感应区内的障碍物所反射的红外脉冲信号，并将该红 外脉冲信号转换为相应的电信号；
自动开盖装置， 通过一缆绳与该桶盖机械连接；
控制单元， 与该红外感应装置和自动开盖装置信号连接；
其特征在于， 该自动开盖装置包括有
驱动电机， 与该控制单元连接；
第一减速齿轮组， 传动连接于该驱动电机的输出轴上；
收线轮， 与该第一减速齿轮组机械连接，该缆绳一端固定连接在该收线轮 上， 另一端从该壳体内穿出连接至该桶盖上；
第二减速齿轮组， 传动连接于该收线轮的输出轴上；
凸轮，传动连接于该第二减速齿轮组的输出轴上，其可旋转至分别与一开 盖行程开关和一关盖行程开关接触，该开盖行程开关、关盖行程开关分别通过 导线与该控制单元电连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 该自 动开盖装置安装在一壳体内， 并通过该壳体安装在该桶体上方内侧空间。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 当该桶盖位于开启位置时， 该凸轮恰好旋转至与该开盖行程开关接触， 同时该 开盖行程开关输出一信号至该控制单元，控制该驱动电机停止转动，且此时该 第一减速齿轮组、第二减速齿轮组和该驱动电机组成的摩擦力大于该桶盖的下 垂重力。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 当该 桶盖位于开启位置时，该红外发射管继续向感应区发射红外脉冲信号直至该红 外接收管接收不到障碍物反射的红外脉冲信号为止， 该桶盖才能关闭。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 当该 桶盖位于闭合位置时， 该凸轮恰好旋转至与该关盖行程开关接触， 同时该关盖 行程开关输出一信号至控制单元， 控制该驱动电机停止转动。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 该控 制单元通过一电机正反转驱动电路与该驱动电机连接。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 该控 制单元通过一红外驱动电路与该红外发射管连接，该红外接收管通过一放大电 路和一比较电路与该控制单元连接。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 该第 一减速齿轮组输出端与第二减速齿轮组输入端机械联接。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 该桶 盖通过一转轴与桶体上的转轴座轴接。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的红外感应自动开盖垃圾桶， 其特征在于， 该凸 轮由两个具有一预定角度的销杆或摆杆组成，该两个销杆或摆杆分别与该开盖 行程开关和关盖行程开关接触。
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US7714527B2 (en) 2010-05-11
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US20090057317A1 (en) 2009-03-05
EP1918223A4 (en) 2009-03-11

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